[Objective] The content variations of the main nutrients in storage root during expanding stages and their mutual relationships in orange-fleshed sweet pota-to （Ipomoea Batatas（L.） Lam） were studied in this paper....[Objective] The content variations of the main nutrients in storage root during expanding stages and their mutual relationships in orange-fleshed sweet pota-to （Ipomoea Batatas（L.） Lam） were studied in this paper. [Method] The dynamics of main nutritional ingredients in orange-fleshed sweet potato-variety at 40, 70, 100 and 125 days after transplanting were investigated, and these traits included the 6- carotene content, Fe content, Zn content, starch content, protein content, glucose content, fructose content, and sucrose content. The relationships among these nutri- ents were analyzed during whole developing stage. [Result] B-carotene content in the whole growth period showed straightly increasing firstly, and then decreasing trend, which was unimodal fluctuation curve. The variation tendency of protein con- tent was gently decreasing firstly and then ascending. The dynamics of starch con- tent was similar to l^carotene content, while the fluctuation was stable. The chang- ing curve of carbohydrate was opposite to starch, showing decreasing firstly and then ascending. Fe content was decreasing all the whole developing stage, falling fast and then slowing down. Moreover, Zn content was plummeting. The sucrose content in fresh storage root had significantly negative correlation with β-carotene content, and had positive correlation with fructose content. Starch content had significantly negative correlation with fructose content, and had positive correlation with Zn content. [Conclusion] These research conclusions could guide the variety to har- vest at suitable time, so as to achieve the aim of micronutrition improvement.展开更多
In two cases that upstream and downstream firms have the decision power of intermediate product prices in a two-level supply chain,the dynamic pricing mechanism of intermediate products is studied.When a party who has...In two cases that upstream and downstream firms have the decision power of intermediate product prices in a two-level supply chain,the dynamic pricing mechanism of intermediate products is studied.When a party who has the decision power of pricing gives prices of intermediate products,the other side will give the supply or demand quantity of intermediate products which maximizes its own profits,then the party who decides price has two pricing strategies.One uses the matching price which meets the other party's demand or supply needs according to the prices of intermediate products in the next cycle.The other uses the convex combinations of the current price and the matching price which satisfies the other party's demand or supply as the price of the intermediate product in the next cycle.No matter which side has the decision power of intermediate product prices between upstream and downstream firms,results show that in the first pricing strategy,only in one case of the pricing of intermediate products stable;but in the second pricing strategy,both of the cases of pricing of intermediate products are stable in a certain field of combined parameters.展开更多
The increase in the number of shopbots users in e-commerce has triggered flexibility of sellers in their pricing strategies. Sellers see the importance of automated price setting which provides efficient services to a...The increase in the number of shopbots users in e-commerce has triggered flexibility of sellers in their pricing strategies. Sellers see the importance of automated price setting which provides efficient services to a large number of buyers who are using shopbots. This paper studies the characteristic of decreasing energy with time in a continuous model of a Hopfield neural network that is the decreasing of errors in the network with respect to time. The characteristic shows that it is possible to use Hopfield neural network to get the main factor of dynamic pricing; the least variable cost, from production function principles. The least variable cost is obtained by reducing or increasing the input combination factors, and then making the comparison of the network output with the desired output, where the difference between the network output and desired output will be decreasing in the same manner as in the Hopfield neural network energy. Hopfield neural network will simplify the rapid change of prices in e-commerce during transaction that depends on the demand quantity for demand sensitive model of pricing.展开更多
A research on the topic was conducted at the Experimental Station of Agriculture--Khan Krum during the period 2009-2011. The dynamics of growth and thickening of the cultivars Independence, Nectagrand 2, Aureliogrand,...A research on the topic was conducted at the Experimental Station of Agriculture--Khan Krum during the period 2009-2011. The dynamics of growth and thickening of the cultivars Independence, Nectagrand 2, Aureliogrand, Fantasy, Kassiopeia and Caldessi 2000 grafted on seedling rootstock （Elbert） and clonal GF-677 have been studied in the second year of nursery. The aim of the study was to investigate the growth characteristics of the introduced cultivars of nectarines grafted on traditional seedling rootstock （Elbert） and GF-677. At the beginning of the vegetation period of the seed cultivar rootstock （Elbert） has strong growth and thickening of the stem. The dynamics of growth and thickening of the stem depend on the used rootstock and cultivar. The obtained planting material corresponds to the existing quality standards.展开更多
For the problem of price fluctuation in the commodity market, some ordinary differential equation models are proposed and the stability of equilibrium price is studied. In this paper, we develop a mathematic model for...For the problem of price fluctuation in the commodity market, some ordinary differential equation models are proposed and the stability of equilibrium price is studied. In this paper, we develop a mathematic model for price cooperation with diffusion and lag. When the economic parameters satisfy some conditions, the existence and stability of periodic price are investigated.展开更多
The product channels and mechanisms of the C2HC12＋O2 reaction are investigated by step-scan time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy and the G3MP2// B3LYP/6-311G（d,p） level of electronic struc...The product channels and mechanisms of the C2HC12＋O2 reaction are investigated by step-scan time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy and the G3MP2// B3LYP/6-311G（d,p） level of electronic structure calculations. Vibrationally excited products of HCI, CO, and CO2 are observed in the IR emission spectra and the product vibrational state distribution are determined which shows that HCI and CO are vibrationally excited with the nascent average vibrational energy estimated to be 59.8 and 51.8 kJ/mol respectively. In combination with the G3MP2//B3LYP/6-311G（d,p） calculations, the reaction mechanisms have been characterized and the energetically favorable reaction pathways have been suggested.展开更多
Thesubsea dynamic riser base （SDRB） is an important piece of equipment for the floating production platform mooring system.One end is connected to the rigid pipeline, carrying a rigid pipeline thermal expansion load...Thesubsea dynamic riser base （SDRB） is an important piece of equipment for the floating production platform mooring system.One end is connected to the rigid pipeline, carrying a rigid pipeline thermal expansion load and the other end is connected to a flexible riser, carrying the dynamic load of the flexible riser, so its function is a transition connection between the flexible riser and the rigid pipeline which fixes the flexible riser on the seabed. On the other hand. as a typical subsea product, the design will satisfythe requirements of the standards for subsea products. By studying the stress analysisphilosophy of the topside piping and subsea pipeline, a physical model and procedure for piping stress analysis of the SDRB have been established.The conditions of the adverse design load have been considered, and a combination of the static load from the rigid pipeline and the dynamic load flexibility has also been optimized. And a comparative analysis between the AMSE, DNV and API standards for piping stress with the checking rules has been done.Because theSDRB belongs to the subsea pipeline terminal product, the use of DNV standards to check its process piping stress is recommended. Finally, the process piping stress of the SDRB has been calculated, and the results show that the jacket pipe and the carrier pipe stress of the SDRB process piping satisfy the DNV standards as a whole.The bulkhead cannot be accurately simulated by the AutoPIPE software which uses the FEA software ANSYS inthe detailed analysis, but the checking results will still meet the requirements of the DNV standards.展开更多
In order to maximize the overall economic gain from a metal mine operation, selection of cutoff grades must consider two important aspects: the time value of money and the spatial variation of the grade distribution i...In order to maximize the overall economic gain from a metal mine operation, selection of cutoff grades must consider two important aspects: the time value of money and the spatial variation of the grade distribution in the deposit. That is, cutoff grade selection must be dynamic with respect to both time and space. A newly developed method that fulfills these requirements is presented. In this method, the deposit or a portion of it under study is divided into "decision units" based on the mining method and sample data. The statistical grade distribution and the grade-tonnage relationship of each decision unit are then computed based on the samples falling in the unit. Each decision unit with its grade-tonnage relationship is considered as a stage in a dynamic programming scheme and the problem is solved by applying a forward dynamic programming based algorithm with an objective function of maximizing the overall net present value (NPV). A software package is developed for the method and applied to an underground copper mine in Africa.展开更多
Virtual dynamic optimization design can avoid the repeated process from de-sign to trial-manufacture and test.The designer can analyze and optimize the productstructures in virtual visualization environment.The design...Virtual dynamic optimization design can avoid the repeated process from de-sign to trial-manufacture and test.The designer can analyze and optimize the productstructures in virtual visualization environment.The design cycle is shortened and the costis reduced.The paper analyzed the peculiarity of virtual optimization design,and put for-wards the thought and flow to implement virtual optimization design.The example to opti-mize the internal grinder was studied via establishing precise finite element model,modi-fying the layout of Stiffened Plates and designing parameters of the worktable,and usingthe technology of modal frequency revision and the technology of multiple tuned damper.The result of optimization design compared the new grinder with the original grinder showsthat the entire machine's first orders natural frequency is enhanced by 17%,and the re-sponse displacement of the grinding-head has dropped by 28% under the first order natu-ral frequency and by 41% under second order natural frequency.Finally,the dynamic per-formance of the internal grinder was optimized.展开更多
Physiological processes governing rice plant light capture and subsequent crop growth and development are intimately tied to canopy architecture. Conversely, the production and spatial orientation of organs are depend...Physiological processes governing rice plant light capture and subsequent crop growth and development are intimately tied to canopy architecture. Conversely, the production and spatial orientation of organs are dependent on the underlying physiological processes. An integrated functional-architectural modeling system would allow greater refinement of intra- and inter-plant interactions, facilitate the incorporation of additional mechanistic processes, allow greater integration of processes across multiple structural scales, and improve the accuracy of predictions. The objective of this study is to quantify the physiological bases for organ morphological development of 3 rice cultivars （Banks, IR68886B, and their hybrid Banks × IR68886A）. Detailed organ morphological data were obtained through repeated field observations and destructive samplings over the growing season, including leaf length, width, area, mass, and leaf phyllochron; sheath length, diameter and mass; internode length, diameter and mass; panicle length; stem and tiller number. The result showed that the plant age （GDD, 〉 10 ℃ d） at the first full leaf initiation （node = 2） was 147.92, 154.35, 166.23 for Banks, IR68886B, and Banks × IR68886A respectively. Banks × IR68886A produced 18 nodes, while IR68886B produced 17 nodes, and Banks 16 nodes. The Specific Leaf Weight （SLW, mg cm2） was fairly constant （about 6 mg cm2） during the growing season for the 3 cultivars, and appears to slowly increase for the latter nodes. The leaf length and SLW of Banks × IR68886A was more than Banks and IR68886B. Specific internodes weight of Banks x IR68886A was higher than IR68886B ×and Banks. Growing duration for Banks × IR68886A is longer than Banks and IR68886B. Banks × IR68886A shows positive heterosis,, and the mid-parent heterosis （MPH） for panicle length was 26.74% and that for stem and tiller number was 135.00%. Results from the experiments were used to parameterize a rice functional-architectural model that simulates organ dynamics and renders organ growth in a 3-dimensional space over the rice growing season.展开更多
Volatility of commodity prices has affected dramatically the coffee industry in recent years, particularly small holder farmers. Differentiation of coffee through certification, such as sustainahility and quality attr...Volatility of commodity prices has affected dramatically the coffee industry in recent years, particularly small holder farmers. Differentiation of coffee through certification, such as sustainahility and quality attributes, has been proposed as a strategy for protection of the farmers against volatility in the international prices. This research paper evaluated three different models to explore the effectiveness of the differentiation strategies in protecting the farmer against price volatility in recent years, focusing on the case of Costa Rica. Evidence showed important differences in the price dynamics over time when comparing three groups of coffee.展开更多
The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides an important framework for economic,social,and environmental action.A comprehensive indicator system to aid in the systematic implementation and moni...The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides an important framework for economic,social,and environmental action.A comprehensive indicator system to aid in the systematic implementation and monitoring of progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)is unfortunately limited in many countries due to lack of data.The availability of a growing amount of multi-source data and rapid advancements in big data methods and infrastructure provide unique opportunities to mitigate these data shortages and develop innovative methodologies for comparatively monitoring SDGs.Big Earth Data,a special class of big data with spatial attributes,holds tremendous potential to facilitate science,technology,and innovation toward implementing SDGs around the world.Several programs and initiatives in China have invested in Big Earth Data infrastructure and capabilities,and have successfully carried out case studies to demonstrate their utility in sustainability science.This paper presents implementations of Big Earth Data in evaluating SDG indicators,including the development of new algorithms,indicator expansion(for SDG 11.4.1)and indicator extension(for SDG 11.3.1),introduction of a biodiversity risk index as a more effective analysis method for SDG 15.5.1,and several new high-quality data products,such as global net ecosystem productivity,high-resolution global mountain green cover index,and endangered species richness.These innovations are used to present a comprehensive analysis of SDGs 2,6,11,13,14,and 15 from 2010 to 2020 in China utilizing Big Earth Data,concluding that all six SDGs are on schedule to be achieved by 2030.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Item for Construction of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(CARS-11)Harvest Plus Foundation(2014H8323.XZS)+1 种基金Independent Innovation Foundation of Jiangsu Provincial Agricultural Science and Technology(CX(13)2032)Jiangsu Provincial Support Plan(BE2013437)~~
文摘[Objective] The content variations of the main nutrients in storage root during expanding stages and their mutual relationships in orange-fleshed sweet pota-to （Ipomoea Batatas（L.） Lam） were studied in this paper. [Method] The dynamics of main nutritional ingredients in orange-fleshed sweet potato-variety at 40, 70, 100 and 125 days after transplanting were investigated, and these traits included the 6- carotene content, Fe content, Zn content, starch content, protein content, glucose content, fructose content, and sucrose content. The relationships among these nutri- ents were analyzed during whole developing stage. [Result] B-carotene content in the whole growth period showed straightly increasing firstly, and then decreasing trend, which was unimodal fluctuation curve. The variation tendency of protein con- tent was gently decreasing firstly and then ascending. The dynamics of starch con- tent was similar to l^carotene content, while the fluctuation was stable. The chang- ing curve of carbohydrate was opposite to starch, showing decreasing firstly and then ascending. Fe content was decreasing all the whole developing stage, falling fast and then slowing down. Moreover, Zn content was plummeting. The sucrose content in fresh storage root had significantly negative correlation with β-carotene content, and had positive correlation with fructose content. Starch content had significantly negative correlation with fructose content, and had positive correlation with Zn content. [Conclusion] These research conclusions could guide the variety to har- vest at suitable time, so as to achieve the aim of micronutrition improvement.
基金The National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2006BAH02A06)
文摘In two cases that upstream and downstream firms have the decision power of intermediate product prices in a two-level supply chain,the dynamic pricing mechanism of intermediate products is studied.When a party who has the decision power of pricing gives prices of intermediate products,the other side will give the supply or demand quantity of intermediate products which maximizes its own profits,then the party who decides price has two pricing strategies.One uses the matching price which meets the other party's demand or supply needs according to the prices of intermediate products in the next cycle.The other uses the convex combinations of the current price and the matching price which satisfies the other party's demand or supply as the price of the intermediate product in the next cycle.No matter which side has the decision power of intermediate product prices between upstream and downstream firms,results show that in the first pricing strategy,only in one case of the pricing of intermediate products stable;but in the second pricing strategy,both of the cases of pricing of intermediate products are stable in a certain field of combined parameters.
文摘The increase in the number of shopbots users in e-commerce has triggered flexibility of sellers in their pricing strategies. Sellers see the importance of automated price setting which provides efficient services to a large number of buyers who are using shopbots. This paper studies the characteristic of decreasing energy with time in a continuous model of a Hopfield neural network that is the decreasing of errors in the network with respect to time. The characteristic shows that it is possible to use Hopfield neural network to get the main factor of dynamic pricing; the least variable cost, from production function principles. The least variable cost is obtained by reducing or increasing the input combination factors, and then making the comparison of the network output with the desired output, where the difference between the network output and desired output will be decreasing in the same manner as in the Hopfield neural network energy. Hopfield neural network will simplify the rapid change of prices in e-commerce during transaction that depends on the demand quantity for demand sensitive model of pricing.
文摘A research on the topic was conducted at the Experimental Station of Agriculture--Khan Krum during the period 2009-2011. The dynamics of growth and thickening of the cultivars Independence, Nectagrand 2, Aureliogrand, Fantasy, Kassiopeia and Caldessi 2000 grafted on seedling rootstock （Elbert） and clonal GF-677 have been studied in the second year of nursery. The aim of the study was to investigate the growth characteristics of the introduced cultivars of nectarines grafted on traditional seedling rootstock （Elbert） and GF-677. At the beginning of the vegetation period of the seed cultivar rootstock （Elbert） has strong growth and thickening of the stem. The dynamics of growth and thickening of the stem depend on the used rootstock and cultivar. The obtained planting material corresponds to the existing quality standards.
文摘For the problem of price fluctuation in the commodity market, some ordinary differential equation models are proposed and the stability of equilibrium price is studied. In this paper, we develop a mathematic model for price cooperation with diffusion and lag. When the economic parameters satisfy some conditions, the existence and stability of periodic price are investigated.
基金V. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20733005, No.20673126, and No.20973179）, the National Basic Research Program of China （No.2007CB815200 and No.2007AA02Z116）, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘The product channels and mechanisms of the C2HC12＋O2 reaction are investigated by step-scan time-resolved Fourier transform infrared emission spectroscopy and the G3MP2// B3LYP/6-311G（d,p） level of electronic structure calculations. Vibrationally excited products of HCI, CO, and CO2 are observed in the IR emission spectra and the product vibrational state distribution are determined which shows that HCI and CO are vibrationally excited with the nascent average vibrational energy estimated to be 59.8 and 51.8 kJ/mol respectively. In combination with the G3MP2//B3LYP/6-311G（d,p） calculations, the reaction mechanisms have been characterized and the energetically favorable reaction pathways have been suggested.
基金financially supported by Offshore Engineering Equipment Scientific Research Project--Topic on Subsea Production System DesignKey Equipment Research & Development from Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China E-0813C003
文摘Thesubsea dynamic riser base （SDRB） is an important piece of equipment for the floating production platform mooring system.One end is connected to the rigid pipeline, carrying a rigid pipeline thermal expansion load and the other end is connected to a flexible riser, carrying the dynamic load of the flexible riser, so its function is a transition connection between the flexible riser and the rigid pipeline which fixes the flexible riser on the seabed. On the other hand. as a typical subsea product, the design will satisfythe requirements of the standards for subsea products. By studying the stress analysisphilosophy of the topside piping and subsea pipeline, a physical model and procedure for piping stress analysis of the SDRB have been established.The conditions of the adverse design load have been considered, and a combination of the static load from the rigid pipeline and the dynamic load flexibility has also been optimized. And a comparative analysis between the AMSE, DNV and API standards for piping stress with the checking rules has been done.Because theSDRB belongs to the subsea pipeline terminal product, the use of DNV standards to check its process piping stress is recommended. Finally, the process piping stress of the SDRB has been calculated, and the results show that the jacket pipe and the carrier pipe stress of the SDRB process piping satisfy the DNV standards as a whole.The bulkhead cannot be accurately simulated by the AutoPIPE software which uses the FEA software ANSYS inthe detailed analysis, but the checking results will still meet the requirements of the DNV standards.
基金Project(50974041) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project(20090450112) supported by the Postdoctoral Foundation of ChinaProject(20093910) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, China
文摘In order to maximize the overall economic gain from a metal mine operation, selection of cutoff grades must consider two important aspects: the time value of money and the spatial variation of the grade distribution in the deposit. That is, cutoff grade selection must be dynamic with respect to both time and space. A newly developed method that fulfills these requirements is presented. In this method, the deposit or a portion of it under study is divided into "decision units" based on the mining method and sample data. The statistical grade distribution and the grade-tonnage relationship of each decision unit are then computed based on the samples falling in the unit. Each decision unit with its grade-tonnage relationship is considered as a stage in a dynamic programming scheme and the problem is solved by applying a forward dynamic programming based algorithm with an objective function of maximizing the overall net present value (NPV). A software package is developed for the method and applied to an underground copper mine in Africa.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50375026)
文摘Virtual dynamic optimization design can avoid the repeated process from de-sign to trial-manufacture and test.The designer can analyze and optimize the productstructures in virtual visualization environment.The design cycle is shortened and the costis reduced.The paper analyzed the peculiarity of virtual optimization design,and put for-wards the thought and flow to implement virtual optimization design.The example to opti-mize the internal grinder was studied via establishing precise finite element model,modi-fying the layout of Stiffened Plates and designing parameters of the worktable,and usingthe technology of modal frequency revision and the technology of multiple tuned damper.The result of optimization design compared the new grinder with the original grinder showsthat the entire machine's first orders natural frequency is enhanced by 17%,and the re-sponse displacement of the grinding-head has dropped by 28% under the first order natu-ral frequency and by 41% under second order natural frequency.Finally,the dynamic per-formance of the internal grinder was optimized.
基金Acknowledgments The authors acknowledge the help of Kade and Gary and the financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China （31101084） and Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry.
文摘Physiological processes governing rice plant light capture and subsequent crop growth and development are intimately tied to canopy architecture. Conversely, the production and spatial orientation of organs are dependent on the underlying physiological processes. An integrated functional-architectural modeling system would allow greater refinement of intra- and inter-plant interactions, facilitate the incorporation of additional mechanistic processes, allow greater integration of processes across multiple structural scales, and improve the accuracy of predictions. The objective of this study is to quantify the physiological bases for organ morphological development of 3 rice cultivars （Banks, IR68886B, and their hybrid Banks × IR68886A）. Detailed organ morphological data were obtained through repeated field observations and destructive samplings over the growing season, including leaf length, width, area, mass, and leaf phyllochron; sheath length, diameter and mass; internode length, diameter and mass; panicle length; stem and tiller number. The result showed that the plant age （GDD, 〉 10 ℃ d） at the first full leaf initiation （node = 2） was 147.92, 154.35, 166.23 for Banks, IR68886B, and Banks × IR68886A respectively. Banks × IR68886A produced 18 nodes, while IR68886B produced 17 nodes, and Banks 16 nodes. The Specific Leaf Weight （SLW, mg cm2） was fairly constant （about 6 mg cm2） during the growing season for the 3 cultivars, and appears to slowly increase for the latter nodes. The leaf length and SLW of Banks × IR68886A was more than Banks and IR68886B. Specific internodes weight of Banks x IR68886A was higher than IR68886B ×and Banks. Growing duration for Banks × IR68886A is longer than Banks and IR68886B. Banks × IR68886A shows positive heterosis,, and the mid-parent heterosis （MPH） for panicle length was 26.74% and that for stem and tiller number was 135.00%. Results from the experiments were used to parameterize a rice functional-architectural model that simulates organ dynamics and renders organ growth in a 3-dimensional space over the rice growing season.
文摘Volatility of commodity prices has affected dramatically the coffee industry in recent years, particularly small holder farmers. Differentiation of coffee through certification, such as sustainahility and quality attributes, has been proposed as a strategy for protection of the farmers against volatility in the international prices. This research paper evaluated three different models to explore the effectiveness of the differentiation strategies in protecting the farmer against price volatility in recent years, focusing on the case of Costa Rica. Evidence showed important differences in the price dynamics over time when comparing three groups of coffee.
基金supported by the Big Earth Data Science Engineering Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research Program(XDA19090000 and XDA19030000)。
文摘The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides an important framework for economic,social,and environmental action.A comprehensive indicator system to aid in the systematic implementation and monitoring of progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)is unfortunately limited in many countries due to lack of data.The availability of a growing amount of multi-source data and rapid advancements in big data methods and infrastructure provide unique opportunities to mitigate these data shortages and develop innovative methodologies for comparatively monitoring SDGs.Big Earth Data,a special class of big data with spatial attributes,holds tremendous potential to facilitate science,technology,and innovation toward implementing SDGs around the world.Several programs and initiatives in China have invested in Big Earth Data infrastructure and capabilities,and have successfully carried out case studies to demonstrate their utility in sustainability science.This paper presents implementations of Big Earth Data in evaluating SDG indicators,including the development of new algorithms,indicator expansion(for SDG 11.4.1)and indicator extension(for SDG 11.3.1),introduction of a biodiversity risk index as a more effective analysis method for SDG 15.5.1,and several new high-quality data products,such as global net ecosystem productivity,high-resolution global mountain green cover index,and endangered species richness.These innovations are used to present a comprehensive analysis of SDGs 2,6,11,13,14,and 15 from 2010 to 2020 in China utilizing Big Earth Data,concluding that all six SDGs are on schedule to be achieved by 2030.
