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社会保障对城乡老年人的贫困削减效应 被引量:15
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作者 程杰 《社会保障研究》 CSSCI 2012年第3期52-66,共15页
本文利用FGT指数测算了城乡老年人的贫困状况,探讨了社会保障对城乡老年人贫困削减的影响。研究表明:被养老保障覆盖的城乡老年人贫困状况均有明显改善,贫困发生率下降,贫困深度和贫困强度降低;农村医疗保障制度的贫困削减效应要弱于城... 本文利用FGT指数测算了城乡老年人的贫困状况,探讨了社会保障对城乡老年人贫困削减的影响。研究表明:被养老保障覆盖的城乡老年人贫困状况均有明显改善,贫困发生率下降,贫困深度和贫困强度降低;农村医疗保障制度的贫困削减效应要弱于城镇医疗保障制度;得到社会救助的城乡老年人的贫困发生率反而更高,但是,农村社会救助明显降低了农村老年人的贫困深度和贫困强度。计量模型分析表明:养老保障、医疗保障和社会救助均对城镇老年人贫困削减有显著影响,享受养老保障和医疗保障的城镇老年人陷入贫困的概率更小,而享受社会救助的城镇老年人反而更易于陷入贫困;养老保障对农村老年人的贫困削减同样有显著作用,医疗保障和社会救助的影响并不显著。 展开更多
关键词 社会保障 城乡老年人 贫困削减
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保障自然资本与人类福祉:中国的创新与影响 被引量:44
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作者 Gretchen C.Daily 欧阳志云 +6 位作者 郑华 李树茁 王玉宽 Marcus Feldman Peter Kareiva Stephen Polasky Mary Ruckelshaus 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第3期669-676,共8页
1引言近十年来,将生态系统作为重要资本的理念迅速普及。从全球来看,这一理念正逐步体现到农业、水利、能源、城市、健康、渔业、林业、矿业等领域及其相关基础设施建设等许多部门的工作中,以及社区、企业、政府机构等的构架与决策中。... 1引言近十年来,将生态系统作为重要资本的理念迅速普及。从全球来看,这一理念正逐步体现到农业、水利、能源、城市、健康、渔业、林业、矿业等领域及其相关基础设施建设等许多部门的工作中,以及社区、企业、政府机构等的构架与决策中。为了扭转地球生命支持系统的退化趋势、提高人类福祉,迫切需要将自然资本价值整合到发展决策中的严谨科学方法。为了满足决策者的迫切需求,从事生态学的科研工作者面临如下四个方面的挑战,即:(1)在生态学、经济、社会、制度和管理的角度,认识生态系统服务、人类福祉以及他们的内在联系;(2)开发生态系统服务功能评价与决策应用的科学实用的工具;(3)开展在关键决策中能做出新理解和采用新工具的试点和示范;(4)让决策者实现决策方式的转型和永久改变。 展开更多
关键词 生态安全 生态系统服务 InVEST模型 生态补偿 贫困削减 可持续生计
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Impact,Challenges,and Recommendations of Sports Tourism on Rural Revitalization in China
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作者 YOU Maolin 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2024年第6期1558-1568,共11页
Sports tourism plays a significant role in the revitalization of rural areas in China.This study analyzedsurvey responses from 406 rural residents and conducted surveys with 15 village leaders in the Dabie mountainreg... Sports tourism plays a significant role in the revitalization of rural areas in China.This study analyzedsurvey responses from 406 rural residents and conducted surveys with 15 village leaders in the Dabie mountainregion.The results showed that 85.71%of the rural residents believe that their family’s average income increasedby about 19865.93 yuan because of the presence of sports tourism in the area.They also showed that the sportstourists engaged in 17 kinds of consumption activities within the local villages.Additionally,it seems that 86.39%ofrural residents see potential benefits from sports tourism,and 85.71%of the residents’household incomes wereincreased due to sports tourism.In that regard,the average household annual income increased by 4677.58 yuan,and the average annual income of the residents in the whole area increased by 449000 yuan.Despite the positiveimpact of sports tourism in generating income for rural residents and contributing to rural revitalization,the tourismindustry faces challenges.These include a lack of sufficient market appeal,leading to a new“Matthew effect,”disparities in income distribution that conflict with the goals of rural revitalization,and a deviation from the intendeddevelopmental direction.Considering these findings,it is recommended to establish a sports tourism structure thataligns with local characteristics,incorporate sports tourism projects into the Chinese government's public serviceinitiatives,safeguard rural incomes amidst sports tourism development,and strengthen the connection betweensports tourism and rural revitalization. 展开更多
关键词 sports tourism rural revitalization Matthew effect Dabie Mountain area poverty eradication
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