Introduction The Belt and Road Initiative is set to be a grand project to enhance connectivity between Asia and Europe.When the ideas of the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime
In this warm spring season, I am happy to join all of you for the Chinese-German Small and Medium-sized Entrepreneurs (SME) Dialogue jointly sponsored by CAFIU and the Adenauer Foundation of Germany. We all know that ...In this warm spring season, I am happy to join all of you for the Chinese-German Small and Medium-sized Entrepreneurs (SME) Dialogue jointly sponsored by CAFIU and the Adenauer Foundation of Germany. We all know that the past year of 2012 was the 40 th anniversary of the establishing of展开更多
People often say travelling is more eye-opening than reading/’Reading'sometimes cannot replace what you see or feel,and only what people see or feel during the process of'travelling'can inspire more profo...People often say travelling is more eye-opening than reading/’Reading'sometimes cannot replace what you see or feel,and only what people see or feel during the process of'travelling'can inspire more profound thinking and realize the sublimation of cognition.In the end of May and beginning of June in 2016,I was honored to be a member of the展开更多
The year 2025 marks the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia and the 70th anniversary of the Bandung Conference.Over the years,significant progress has been made in...The year 2025 marks the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia and the 70th anniversary of the Bandung Conference.Over the years,significant progress has been made in this specific bilateral relationship in various fields.The two countries have maintained close highlevel exchanges,deepened strategic synergy,expanded practical cooperation,and achieved smooth implementation of flagship projects such as the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway,demonstrating the great potential and broad prospects for bilateral cooperation.展开更多
Cell adhesion plays pivotal roles in the morphogenesis of multicellular organisms.Epithelial cells form several types of cell-to-cell adhesion,including zonula occludens(tight junctions),zonula adhaerens(adherens junc...Cell adhesion plays pivotal roles in the morphogenesis of multicellular organisms.Epithelial cells form several types of cell-to-cell adhesion,including zonula occludens(tight junctions),zonula adhaerens(adherens junctions),and macula adhaerens(desmosomes).Although these adhesion complexes are basically observed only in epithelial cells,cadherins,which are the major cell adhesion molecules of adherens junctions,are expressed in both epithelial and non-epithelial tissues,including neural tissues(Kawauchi,2012).The cadherin superfamily consists of more than 100 members,but classic cadherins.展开更多
Home to over 30 percent of the world’s critical mineral reserves,Africa contributes just about 4 percent of global carbon emissions,and yet the region bears the brunt of the impacts of climate change due to its high ...Home to over 30 percent of the world’s critical mineral reserves,Africa contributes just about 4 percent of global carbon emissions,and yet the region bears the brunt of the impacts of climate change due to its high exposure,underdevelopment,weak economy,and limited financial resources for adaptation.展开更多
The Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism was first proposed by China at the 17th ASEANChina Summit in November 2014 and officially launched in March 2016.Over the past decade,the strategic mutual trust between Chi...The Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism was first proposed by China at the 17th ASEANChina Summit in November 2014 and officially launched in March 2016.Over the past decade,the strategic mutual trust between China and the five Mekong countries has been enhanced continuously,helping the LMC become recognized as a benchmark for regional and South-South cooperation.展开更多
A session of the Informal Working Group on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) was convened in hybrid form on December 10, 2024, which is a mechanism within WTO to address burdensome barriers faced by MSMEs tr...A session of the Informal Working Group on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) was convened in hybrid form on December 10, 2024, which is a mechanism within WTO to address burdensome barriers faced by MSMEs trying to engage in international trade, and widen the discussion on these issues at a multilateral level.展开更多
Winding 4,880 kilometers through six Asian countries before emptying into the sea,the Lancang-Mekong River is like a golden ribbon stringing the diverse yet similar ethnic cultures of China,Myanmar,Laos,Thailand,Cambo...Winding 4,880 kilometers through six Asian countries before emptying into the sea,the Lancang-Mekong River is like a golden ribbon stringing the diverse yet similar ethnic cultures of China,Myanmar,Laos,Thailand,Cambodia,and Vietnam together.The Water Splashing Festival,for example,is a traditional festival observed by the Dai,Achang,De’ang,and Bulang ethnic groups in China,as well as a signifificant festival celebrated in Thailand,Myanmar,Laos,and Cambodia.More than a dozen cross-border ethnic groups residing in the countries create a colorful social tapestry that features cultural diversity,national amity,and shared historical memories that combine to forge a solid emotional basis for cooperation and common development of regional countries.Since it was offifficially launched in 2016,the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism has grown signifificantly and yielded fruitful achievements,largely thanks to cultural and people-topeople exchanges,one of its three cooperation pillars.展开更多
We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,w...We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,where agents draw samples from their neighbors and then update their strategies based on conformity or inference according to the situation in the sample.Based on these assumptions,we present the state transition equations in the dynamic evolution of population cooperation,conduct simulation analysis on lattice networks and scale-free networks,and discuss how this mechanism affects the evolution of cooperation and how cooperation evolves under different levels of conformity in the network.Our simulation results show that blindly imitating the strategies of neighbors does not necessarily lead to rapid consensus in the population.Instead,rational inference through samples can better promote the evolution of the same strategy among all agents in the population.Moreover,the simulation results also show that a smaller sample size cannot reflect the true situation of the neighbors,which has a large randomness,and the size of the benefits obtained in cooperation determines the direction of the entire population towards cooperation or defection.This work incorporates the conforming behavior of agents into the game,uses the method of sampling for strategy updates and enriches the theory of evolutionary games with a more realistic significance.展开更多
In September 2017,the Shanghai People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries successfully held a'Sail of Shanghai'touring exhibition of economic and cultural cooperation along the Belt and Road i...In September 2017,the Shanghai People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries successfully held a'Sail of Shanghai'touring exhibition of economic and cultural cooperation along the Belt and Road in three Baltic countries-Estonia,Latvia and Lithuania.Sail of Shanghai was formerly a joint delegation of Shanghai’s private enterprises展开更多
On March 14,2018,the Queensland Cup Chengdu to the Gold Coast Youth Video Competition officially kicked off in Chengdu,Sichuan province.The competition was co-organized by the Chengdu foreign and overseas Chinese affa...On March 14,2018,the Queensland Cup Chengdu to the Gold Coast Youth Video Competition officially kicked off in Chengdu,Sichuan province.The competition was co-organized by the Chengdu foreign and overseas Chinese affairs office,the Chengdu education bureau and Study Gold Coast.Thirteen final winners will be selected from among Chengdu middle school students participating in the com-展开更多
President Tran Dai Quang,Dear Colleagues,I wish to thank President Tran Dai Quang and the Vietnamese government for their thoughtful arrangements.Vietnam was hit by Typhoon Damrey a few days ago,resulting in heavy
In the realm of public goods game,punishment,as a potent tool,stands out for fostering cooperation.While it effectively addresses the first-order free-rider problem,the associated costs can be substantial.Punishers in...In the realm of public goods game,punishment,as a potent tool,stands out for fostering cooperation.While it effectively addresses the first-order free-rider problem,the associated costs can be substantial.Punishers incur expenses in imposing sanctions,while defectors face fines.Unfortunately,these monetary elements seemingly vanish into thin air,representing a loss to the system itself.However,by virtue of the redistribution of fines to cooperators and punishers,not only can we mitigate this loss,but the rewards for these cooperative individuals can be enhanced.Based upon this premise,this paper introduces a fine distribution mechanism to the traditional pool punishment model.Under identical parameter settings,by conducting a comparative experiment with the conventional punishment model,the paper aims to investigate the impact of fine distribution on the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods game.The experimental results clearly demonstrate that,in instances where the punishment cost is prohibitively high,the cooperative strategies of the traditional pool punishment model may completely collapse.However,the model enriched with fine distribution manages to sustain a considerable number of cooperative strategies,thus highlighting its effectiveness in promoting and preserving cooperation,even in the face of substantial punishment cost.展开更多
This paper studies the evolutionary process of cooperative behavior in a public goods game model with heterogeneous investment strategies in square lattices.In the proposed model,players are divided into defectors,coo...This paper studies the evolutionary process of cooperative behavior in a public goods game model with heterogeneous investment strategies in square lattices.In the proposed model,players are divided into defectors,cooperators and discreet investors.Among these,defectors do not participate in investing,discreet investors make heterogeneous investments based on the investment behavior and cooperation value of their neighbors,and cooperators invest equally in each neighbor.In real life,heterogeneous investment is often accompanied by time or economic costs.The discreet investors in this paper pay a certain price to obtain their neighbors'investment behavior and cooperation value,which quantifies the time and economic costs of the heterogeneous investment process.The results of Monte Carlo simulation experiments in this study show that discreet investors can effectively resist the invasion of the defectors,form a stable cooperative group and expand the cooperative advantage in evolution.However,when discreet investors pay too high a price,they lose their strategic advantage.The results in this paper help us understand the role of heterogeneous investment in promoting and maintaining human social cooperation.展开更多
A real-time adaptive roles allocation method based on reinforcement learning is proposed to improve humanrobot cooperation performance for a curtain wall installation task.This method breaks the traditional idea that ...A real-time adaptive roles allocation method based on reinforcement learning is proposed to improve humanrobot cooperation performance for a curtain wall installation task.This method breaks the traditional idea that the robot is regarded as the follower or only adjusts the leader and the follower in cooperation.In this paper,a self-learning method is proposed which can dynamically adapt and continuously adjust the initiative weight of the robot according to the change of the task.Firstly,the physical human-robot cooperation model,including the role factor is built.Then,a reinforcement learningmodel that can adjust the role factor in real time is established,and a reward and actionmodel is designed.The role factor can be adjusted continuously according to the comprehensive performance of the human-robot interaction force and the robot’s Jerk during the repeated installation.Finally,the roles adjustment rule established above continuously improves the comprehensive performance.Experiments of the dynamic roles allocation and the effect of the performance weighting coefficient on the result have been verified.The results show that the proposed method can realize the role adaptation and achieve the dual optimization goal of reducing the sum of the cooperator force and the robot’s Jerk.展开更多
At present, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) isstanding at a critical juncture of reorganizing its institutionalcapacity and reshaping its organizational framework. Theincreasing negative impact of geopolit...At present, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) isstanding at a critical juncture of reorganizing its institutionalcapacity and reshaping its organizational framework. Theincreasing negative impact of geopolitical factors has posed severe challengesto the SCO’s role in maintaining security and promoting development in theregion. At the same time, hopes and opportunities are appearing in the midstof the challenges facing the SCO, which, on the one hand, imply greaterreliance on and demand for the SCO by its member states, and, on theother hand, give a strong impetus to the SCO’s expanding role in regionalcooperation and global governance. The SCO is at an important stage oftransformation and improvement as member states adopt more positivepolicies. With the intensification of the Ukraine crisis, the SCO’s influenceon regional and international affairs has increased rather than diminishedas some may predict, and it has become a preferred choice for multilateralcooperation among regional countries. Against this backdrop, how tointroduce a more active SCO into regional and global governance affectsnot only the security, stability and development of China’s neighborhood,but also the building of an SCO community of shared future in a stable andsustainable manner. It will also have major implications for the constructionof a new type of international relations and a community with a sharedfuture for mankind.展开更多
The 2024 Forum on ChinaAfrica Cooperation Summit was held in Beijing from September 4 to 6.Economic and trade cooperation serves as the"ballast stone"and"propeller"of China-Africa relations.During ...The 2024 Forum on ChinaAfrica Cooperation Summit was held in Beijing from September 4 to 6.Economic and trade cooperation serves as the"ballast stone"and"propeller"of China-Africa relations.During an exclusive interview with China's Foreign Trade conducted in Beijing recently,Namibian Ambassador to China,Elia George Kaiyamo,discussed Namibian-China bilateral trade and twoway investment,stating that since the establishment of diplomatic relations in1990,China and Namibia have made remarkable achievements in both economic and trade cooperation,which have become the most dynamic and potential components of bilateral relations.展开更多
The BRICS Economic and Trade Forum was held on October 28 in Beijing, co-organized by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT), China General Technology(Group) Holding Co., Ltd., and the Chine...The BRICS Economic and Trade Forum was held on October 28 in Beijing, co-organized by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT), China General Technology(Group) Holding Co., Ltd., and the Chinese chapter of the BRICS Business Council.The forum focused on trade development and standards cooperation among BRICS countries, and aimed to implement the outcomes of the BRICS Leaders' Meeting. It was attended by more than 500 representatives from ISO, standardization administrative departments of BRICS countries, business councils, enterprises, and foreign embassies in China in person or online.展开更多
文摘Introduction The Belt and Road Initiative is set to be a grand project to enhance connectivity between Asia and Europe.When the ideas of the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime
文摘In this warm spring season, I am happy to join all of you for the Chinese-German Small and Medium-sized Entrepreneurs (SME) Dialogue jointly sponsored by CAFIU and the Adenauer Foundation of Germany. We all know that the past year of 2012 was the 40 th anniversary of the establishing of
文摘People often say travelling is more eye-opening than reading/’Reading'sometimes cannot replace what you see or feel,and only what people see or feel during the process of'travelling'can inspire more profound thinking and realize the sublimation of cognition.In the end of May and beginning of June in 2016,I was honored to be a member of the
文摘The year 2025 marks the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Indonesia and the 70th anniversary of the Bandung Conference.Over the years,significant progress has been made in this specific bilateral relationship in various fields.The two countries have maintained close highlevel exchanges,deepened strategic synergy,expanded practical cooperation,and achieved smooth implementation of flagship projects such as the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway,demonstrating the great potential and broad prospects for bilateral cooperation.
基金funded by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP26290015 and JP21H02655(to TK)from Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology of Japan(MEXT)。
文摘Cell adhesion plays pivotal roles in the morphogenesis of multicellular organisms.Epithelial cells form several types of cell-to-cell adhesion,including zonula occludens(tight junctions),zonula adhaerens(adherens junctions),and macula adhaerens(desmosomes).Although these adhesion complexes are basically observed only in epithelial cells,cadherins,which are the major cell adhesion molecules of adherens junctions,are expressed in both epithelial and non-epithelial tissues,including neural tissues(Kawauchi,2012).The cadherin superfamily consists of more than 100 members,but classic cadherins.
文摘Home to over 30 percent of the world’s critical mineral reserves,Africa contributes just about 4 percent of global carbon emissions,and yet the region bears the brunt of the impacts of climate change due to its high exposure,underdevelopment,weak economy,and limited financial resources for adaptation.
文摘The Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism was first proposed by China at the 17th ASEANChina Summit in November 2014 and officially launched in March 2016.Over the past decade,the strategic mutual trust between China and the five Mekong countries has been enhanced continuously,helping the LMC become recognized as a benchmark for regional and South-South cooperation.
文摘A session of the Informal Working Group on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) was convened in hybrid form on December 10, 2024, which is a mechanism within WTO to address burdensome barriers faced by MSMEs trying to engage in international trade, and widen the discussion on these issues at a multilateral level.
文摘Winding 4,880 kilometers through six Asian countries before emptying into the sea,the Lancang-Mekong River is like a golden ribbon stringing the diverse yet similar ethnic cultures of China,Myanmar,Laos,Thailand,Cambodia,and Vietnam together.The Water Splashing Festival,for example,is a traditional festival observed by the Dai,Achang,De’ang,and Bulang ethnic groups in China,as well as a signifificant festival celebrated in Thailand,Myanmar,Laos,and Cambodia.More than a dozen cross-border ethnic groups residing in the countries create a colorful social tapestry that features cultural diversity,national amity,and shared historical memories that combine to forge a solid emotional basis for cooperation and common development of regional countries.Since it was offifficially launched in 2016,the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation(LMC)mechanism has grown signifificantly and yielded fruitful achievements,largely thanks to cultural and people-topeople exchanges,one of its three cooperation pillars.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72031009)the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20&ZD058)。
文摘We study the influence of conformity on the evolution of cooperative behavior in games under the learning method of sampling on networks.A strategy update rule based on sampling is introduced into the stag hunt game,where agents draw samples from their neighbors and then update their strategies based on conformity or inference according to the situation in the sample.Based on these assumptions,we present the state transition equations in the dynamic evolution of population cooperation,conduct simulation analysis on lattice networks and scale-free networks,and discuss how this mechanism affects the evolution of cooperation and how cooperation evolves under different levels of conformity in the network.Our simulation results show that blindly imitating the strategies of neighbors does not necessarily lead to rapid consensus in the population.Instead,rational inference through samples can better promote the evolution of the same strategy among all agents in the population.Moreover,the simulation results also show that a smaller sample size cannot reflect the true situation of the neighbors,which has a large randomness,and the size of the benefits obtained in cooperation determines the direction of the entire population towards cooperation or defection.This work incorporates the conforming behavior of agents into the game,uses the method of sampling for strategy updates and enriches the theory of evolutionary games with a more realistic significance.
文摘In September 2017,the Shanghai People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries successfully held a'Sail of Shanghai'touring exhibition of economic and cultural cooperation along the Belt and Road in three Baltic countries-Estonia,Latvia and Lithuania.Sail of Shanghai was formerly a joint delegation of Shanghai’s private enterprises
文摘On March 14,2018,the Queensland Cup Chengdu to the Gold Coast Youth Video Competition officially kicked off in Chengdu,Sichuan province.The competition was co-organized by the Chengdu foreign and overseas Chinese affairs office,the Chengdu education bureau and Study Gold Coast.Thirteen final winners will be selected from among Chengdu middle school students participating in the com-
文摘President Tran Dai Quang,Dear Colleagues,I wish to thank President Tran Dai Quang and the Vietnamese government for their thoughtful arrangements.Vietnam was hit by Typhoon Damrey a few days ago,resulting in heavy
基金the Open Foundation of Key Lab-oratory of Software Engineering of Yunnan Province(Grant Nos.2020SE308 and 2020SE309).
文摘In the realm of public goods game,punishment,as a potent tool,stands out for fostering cooperation.While it effectively addresses the first-order free-rider problem,the associated costs can be substantial.Punishers incur expenses in imposing sanctions,while defectors face fines.Unfortunately,these monetary elements seemingly vanish into thin air,representing a loss to the system itself.However,by virtue of the redistribution of fines to cooperators and punishers,not only can we mitigate this loss,but the rewards for these cooperative individuals can be enhanced.Based upon this premise,this paper introduces a fine distribution mechanism to the traditional pool punishment model.Under identical parameter settings,by conducting a comparative experiment with the conventional punishment model,the paper aims to investigate the impact of fine distribution on the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods game.The experimental results clearly demonstrate that,in instances where the punishment cost is prohibitively high,the cooperative strategies of the traditional pool punishment model may completely collapse.However,the model enriched with fine distribution manages to sustain a considerable number of cooperative strategies,thus highlighting its effectiveness in promoting and preserving cooperation,even in the face of substantial punishment cost.
基金Project supported by the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Software Engineering of Yunnan Province(Grant Nos.2020SE308 and 2020SE309).
文摘This paper studies the evolutionary process of cooperative behavior in a public goods game model with heterogeneous investment strategies in square lattices.In the proposed model,players are divided into defectors,cooperators and discreet investors.Among these,defectors do not participate in investing,discreet investors make heterogeneous investments based on the investment behavior and cooperation value of their neighbors,and cooperators invest equally in each neighbor.In real life,heterogeneous investment is often accompanied by time or economic costs.The discreet investors in this paper pay a certain price to obtain their neighbors'investment behavior and cooperation value,which quantifies the time and economic costs of the heterogeneous investment process.The results of Monte Carlo simulation experiments in this study show that discreet investors can effectively resist the invasion of the defectors,form a stable cooperative group and expand the cooperative advantage in evolution.However,when discreet investors pay too high a price,they lose their strategic advantage.The results in this paper help us understand the role of heterogeneous investment in promoting and maintaining human social cooperation.
基金The research has been generously supported by Tianjin Education Commission Scientific Research Program(2020KJ056),ChinaTianjin Science and Technology Planning Project(22YDTPJC00970),China.The authors would like to express their sincere appreciation for all support provided.
文摘A real-time adaptive roles allocation method based on reinforcement learning is proposed to improve humanrobot cooperation performance for a curtain wall installation task.This method breaks the traditional idea that the robot is regarded as the follower or only adjusts the leader and the follower in cooperation.In this paper,a self-learning method is proposed which can dynamically adapt and continuously adjust the initiative weight of the robot according to the change of the task.Firstly,the physical human-robot cooperation model,including the role factor is built.Then,a reinforcement learningmodel that can adjust the role factor in real time is established,and a reward and actionmodel is designed.The role factor can be adjusted continuously according to the comprehensive performance of the human-robot interaction force and the robot’s Jerk during the repeated installation.Finally,the roles adjustment rule established above continuously improves the comprehensive performance.Experiments of the dynamic roles allocation and the effect of the performance weighting coefficient on the result have been verified.The results show that the proposed method can realize the role adaptation and achieve the dual optimization goal of reducing the sum of the cooperator force and the robot’s Jerk.
文摘At present, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) isstanding at a critical juncture of reorganizing its institutionalcapacity and reshaping its organizational framework. Theincreasing negative impact of geopolitical factors has posed severe challengesto the SCO’s role in maintaining security and promoting development in theregion. At the same time, hopes and opportunities are appearing in the midstof the challenges facing the SCO, which, on the one hand, imply greaterreliance on and demand for the SCO by its member states, and, on theother hand, give a strong impetus to the SCO’s expanding role in regionalcooperation and global governance. The SCO is at an important stage oftransformation and improvement as member states adopt more positivepolicies. With the intensification of the Ukraine crisis, the SCO’s influenceon regional and international affairs has increased rather than diminishedas some may predict, and it has become a preferred choice for multilateralcooperation among regional countries. Against this backdrop, how tointroduce a more active SCO into regional and global governance affectsnot only the security, stability and development of China’s neighborhood,but also the building of an SCO community of shared future in a stable andsustainable manner. It will also have major implications for the constructionof a new type of international relations and a community with a sharedfuture for mankind.
文摘The 2024 Forum on ChinaAfrica Cooperation Summit was held in Beijing from September 4 to 6.Economic and trade cooperation serves as the"ballast stone"and"propeller"of China-Africa relations.During an exclusive interview with China's Foreign Trade conducted in Beijing recently,Namibian Ambassador to China,Elia George Kaiyamo,discussed Namibian-China bilateral trade and twoway investment,stating that since the establishment of diplomatic relations in1990,China and Namibia have made remarkable achievements in both economic and trade cooperation,which have become the most dynamic and potential components of bilateral relations.
文摘The BRICS Economic and Trade Forum was held on October 28 in Beijing, co-organized by the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT), China General Technology(Group) Holding Co., Ltd., and the Chinese chapter of the BRICS Business Council.The forum focused on trade development and standards cooperation among BRICS countries, and aimed to implement the outcomes of the BRICS Leaders' Meeting. It was attended by more than 500 representatives from ISO, standardization administrative departments of BRICS countries, business councils, enterprises, and foreign embassies in China in person or online.
