A multi-level evaluation model for the superstructure of a damaged prestressed concrete girder or beam bridge is established, and the evaluation indices of the model as well as the rating standards are defined. A norm...A multi-level evaluation model for the superstructure of a damaged prestressed concrete girder or beam bridge is established, and the evaluation indices of the model as well as the rating standards are defined. A normal relative function about the evaluation indices of each element is developed to calculate the relative degree, and for each element there are no sub-level elements. When evaluating the elements in the sub-item level or the index level of the model, the weights of elements pertain to one adopted element, taking into account their degrees of deterioration. Since the relative degrees and structure evaluation scales on the damage conditions are applied to characterize the superstructure of damaged prestressed concrete girder bridges, this method can evaluate the prestressed structure in detail, and the evaluation results agree with the Code for Maintenance of Highway Bridges and Culvers （JTG Hll--2004 ）. Finally, a bridge in Jilin province is taken as an example, using the method developed to evaluate its damage conditions, which gives an effective way for bridge engineering.展开更多
In this paper,the Discrete Least Squares Meshless(DLSM)method is developed to determine crack-tip fields.In DLSM,the problem domain and its boundary are discretized by unrelated field nodes used to introduce the shape...In this paper,the Discrete Least Squares Meshless(DLSM)method is developed to determine crack-tip fields.In DLSM,the problem domain and its boundary are discretized by unrelated field nodes used to introduce the shape functions by the moving least-squares(MLS)interpolant.This method aims to minimize the sum of squared residuals of the governing differential equations at any nodal point.Since high-continuity shape functions are used,some necessary treatments,including the visibility criterion,diffraction,and transparency approaches,are employed in the DLSM to introduce strong discontinuities such as cracks.The stress extrapolation and J-integral methods are used to calculate stress intensity factors.Three classic numerical examples using three approaches to defining discontinuities in the irregular distribution of nodal points are considered to investigate the effectiveness of the DLSM method.The numerical tests indicated that the proposed method effectively employed the approaches to defining discontinuities to deal with discontinuous boundaries.It was also demonstrated that the diffraction approach obtained higher accuracy than the other techniques.展开更多
文摘A multi-level evaluation model for the superstructure of a damaged prestressed concrete girder or beam bridge is established, and the evaluation indices of the model as well as the rating standards are defined. A normal relative function about the evaluation indices of each element is developed to calculate the relative degree, and for each element there are no sub-level elements. When evaluating the elements in the sub-item level or the index level of the model, the weights of elements pertain to one adopted element, taking into account their degrees of deterioration. Since the relative degrees and structure evaluation scales on the damage conditions are applied to characterize the superstructure of damaged prestressed concrete girder bridges, this method can evaluate the prestressed structure in detail, and the evaluation results agree with the Code for Maintenance of Highway Bridges and Culvers （JTG Hll--2004 ）. Finally, a bridge in Jilin province is taken as an example, using the method developed to evaluate its damage conditions, which gives an effective way for bridge engineering.
文摘In this paper,the Discrete Least Squares Meshless(DLSM)method is developed to determine crack-tip fields.In DLSM,the problem domain and its boundary are discretized by unrelated field nodes used to introduce the shape functions by the moving least-squares(MLS)interpolant.This method aims to minimize the sum of squared residuals of the governing differential equations at any nodal point.Since high-continuity shape functions are used,some necessary treatments,including the visibility criterion,diffraction,and transparency approaches,are employed in the DLSM to introduce strong discontinuities such as cracks.The stress extrapolation and J-integral methods are used to calculate stress intensity factors.Three classic numerical examples using three approaches to defining discontinuities in the irregular distribution of nodal points are considered to investigate the effectiveness of the DLSM method.The numerical tests indicated that the proposed method effectively employed the approaches to defining discontinuities to deal with discontinuous boundaries.It was also demonstrated that the diffraction approach obtained higher accuracy than the other techniques.
