BACKGROUND Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)poses significant challenges in clinical management due to its diverse outcomes.Understanding the prognostic role of hematological parameters and derive...BACKGROUND Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)poses significant challenges in clinical management due to its diverse outcomes.Understanding the prognostic role of hematological parameters and derived ratios in NSTEMI patients could aid in risk stratification and improve patient care.AIM To evaluate the predictive value of hemogram-derived ratios for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in NSTEMI patients,potentially improving clinical outcomes.METHODS A prospective,observational cohort study was conducted in 2021 at the Internal Medicine Clinic of the University Hospital in Tuzla,Bosnia and Herzegovina.The study included 170 patients with NSTEMI,who were divided into a group with MACE and a control group without MACE.Furthermore,the MACE group was subdivided into lethal and non-lethal groups for prognostic analysis.Alongside hematological parameters,an additional 13 hematological-derived ratios(HDRs)were monitored,and their prognostic role was investigated.RESULTS Hematological parameters did not significantly differ between non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)patients with MACE and a control group at T1 and T2.However,significant disparities emerged in HDRs among NSTEMI patients with lethal and non-lethal outcomes post-MACE.Notably,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were elevated in lethal outcomes.Furthermore,C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio(CRP/Ly)at T1(>4.737)demonstrated predictive value[odds ratio(OR):3.690,P=0.024].Both NLR at T1(>4.076)and T2(>4.667)emerged as significant predictors,with NLR at T2 exhibiting the highest diagnostic performance,as indicated by an area under the curve of 0.811(95%CI:0.727-0.859)and OR of 4.915(95%CI:1.917-12.602,P=0.001),emphasizing its important role as a prognostic marker.CONCLUSION This study highlights the significant prognostic value of hemogram-derived indexes in predicting MACE among NSTEMI patients.During follow-up,NLR,PLR,and CRP/Ly offer important insights into the inflammatory processes underlying cardiovascular events.展开更多
With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role i...With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role in the camouflaging effect. Based on the concept of cost-effectiveness ratio, according to the newly formulated Johnson criterion and the view of discovery and destruction, this paper proposes to take the identification probability as the probability of being destroyed and uses mathematical formulas to calculate the cost of a single use decoy. On this basis, a cost-effectiveness ratio model is established, with the product of the increase in the survival probability of the target and the cost of the target as the benefit, and the sum of the product of the probability of being destroyed and the cost of the decoy and the cost of a single use as the consumption cost. The model is calculated and analyzed, and the number of decoys that conform to the actual situation is obtained.展开更多
BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers,such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio(NPR),has shown promise in evaluating early outcomes after medical,interventional,and surgical treatm...BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers,such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio(NPR),has shown promise in evaluating early outcomes after medical,interventional,and surgical treatments.NLR has emer-ged as an indicator of systemic inflammation and physiological stress.NPR has emerged as a potential indicator of inflammation and thrombotic risk in the context of surgical and radiological procedures.AIM To analyze the correlation of NLR and NPR with the development of post-liver transplantation(LT)early complications after stratification for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis.METHODS Consecutive patients undergone LT between January 2019 and December 2023 were enrolled.Data regarding the concentration of hemoglobin and the differ-ential leukocyte count on postoperative days(POD)0,1,3,and 5 were collected.RESULTS The dataset included 161 consecutive patients undergone LT.Clavien-Dindo IV-V complications had a good correlation with NLR POD 1(P=0.05),NLR POD 3(P<0.001),NLR POD 7(P<0.001),NPR POD 3(P<0.001).In addition,the NPR ratio on POD 3 correlated with the onset of 30-day hemorrhage(P=0.009).Finally,30-day mortality had a significant association with the NLR POD 1(P=0.03)and with NLR POD 7(P=0.004),while NPR had a significant correlation with 30-day mortality in NPR POD 7(P=0.004).CONCLUSION The analysis of NLR and NPR are strictly correlated with Clavien-Dindo IV-V complications and 30-day post-LT death.展开更多
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B often progresses silently toward hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Early detection of HCC is crucial,yet challenging.AIM To investigate the role of dyn...BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B often progresses silently toward hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Early detection of HCC is crucial,yet challenging.AIM To investigate the role of dynamic changes in alkaline phosphatase to prealbumin ratio(APR)in hepatitis B progression to HCC.METHODS Data from 4843 patients with hepatitis B(January 2015 to January 2024)were analyzed.HCC incidence rates in males and females were compared using the log-rank test.Data were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis.The Linear Mixed-Effects Model was applied to track the fluctuation of APR levels over time.Furthermore,Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Survival data was employed to investigate the temporal relationship between APR and HCC risk.RESULTS The incidence of HCC was higher in males.To ensure the model’s normality assumption,this study applied a logarithmic transformation to APR,yielding ratio.Ratio levels were higher in females(t=5.26,P<0.01).A 1-unit increase in ratio correlated with a 2.005-fold higher risk of HCC in males(95%CI:1.653-2.431)and a 2.273-fold higher risk in females(95%CI:1.620-3.190).CONCLUSION Males are more prone to HCC,while females have higher APR levels.Despite no baseline APR link,rising APR indicates a higher HCC risk.展开更多
This paper discusses the influence of Sb/In ratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of the 200 nm InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film.The Sb content of InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film in all samples was verified by HRXR...This paper discusses the influence of Sb/In ratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of the 200 nm InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film.The Sb content of InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film in all samples was verified by HRXRD of the symmetrical 004 reflections and asymmetrical 115 reflections.The calculation results show that the Sb component was 0.6 in the InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film grown under the conditions of Sb/In ratio of 6 and As/In ratio of 3,which has the highest electron mobility(28560 cm^(2)/V·s)at 300 K.At the same time,the influence ofⅤ/Ⅲratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of Al_(0.2)In_(0.8)Sb/InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)quantum well heterostructures also has been investigated.As a result,the Al_(0.2)In_(0.8)Sb/InAs_(0.4)Sb_(0.6)quantum well heterostructure with a channel thickness of 30 nm grown under the conditions of Sb/In ratio of 6 and As/In ratio of 3 has a maximum electron mobility of 28300 cm^(2)/V·s and a minimum RMS roughness of 0.68 nm.Through optimizing the growth conditions,our samples have higher electron mobility and smoother surface morphology.展开更多
Identifying vital nodes is one of the core issues of network science,and is crucial for epidemic prevention and control,network security maintenance,and biomedical research and development.In this paper,a new vital no...Identifying vital nodes is one of the core issues of network science,and is crucial for epidemic prevention and control,network security maintenance,and biomedical research and development.In this paper,a new vital nodes identification method,named degree and cycle ratio(DC),is proposed by integrating degree centrality(weightα)and cycle ratio(weight 1-α).The results show that the dynamic observations and weightαare nonlinear and non-monotonicity(i.e.,there exists an optimal valueα^(*)forα),and that DC performs better than a single index in most networks.According to the value ofα^(*),networks are classified into degree-dominant networks(α^(*)>0.5)and cycle-dominant networks(α^(*)<0.5).Specifically,in most degree-dominant networks(such as Chengdu-BUS,Chongqing-BUS and Beijing-BUS),degree is dominant in the identification of vital nodes,but the identification effect can be improved by adding cycle structure information to the nodes.In most cycle-dominant networks(such as Email,Wiki and Hamsterster),the cycle ratio is dominant in the identification of vital nodes,but the effect can be notably enhanced by additional node degree information.Finally,interestingly,in Lancichinetti-Fortunato-Radicchi(LFR)synthesis networks,the cycle-dominant network is observed.展开更多
The low-melting glass of Bi2O_(3)-B2O_(3)-SiO_(2)(BiBSi)system was used for the first time for laser sealing of vacuum glazing.Under the condition of constant boron content,how the structure and properties vary with B...The low-melting glass of Bi2O_(3)-B2O_(3)-SiO_(2)(BiBSi)system was used for the first time for laser sealing of vacuum glazing.Under the condition of constant boron content,how the structure and properties vary with Bi/Si ratio in low-melting glass was investigated.In addition,the relationships between laser power,low-melting glass solder with different Bi/Si ratios and laser sealing shear strength were revealed.The results show that a decrease in the Bi/Si ratio can cause a contraction of the glass network of the low-melting glass,leading to an increase of its characteristic temperature and a decrease of its coefficient of thermal expansion.During laser sealing,the copper ions in the low-melting glass play an endothermic role.A change in the Bi/Si ratio will affect the valence state transition of the copper ions in the low-melting glass.The absorbance of the low-melting glass does not follow the expected correlation with the Bi/Si ratio,but shows a linear correlation with the content of divalent copper ions.The greater the concentration of divalent copper ions,the greater the absorbance of the low-melting glass,and the lower the laser power required for laser sealing.The shear strength of the low melting glass solder after laser sealing was tested,and it was found that the maximum shear strength of Z1 glass sample was the highest up to 2.67 MPa.展开更多
The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg−4.5Al−2.5Zn−0.3Mn−0.2Ca(wt.%,designated as AZ42)alloys in extruded(at extrusion ratios of 28,20 and 11.5)and peak-aged states were investigated,by using optical micro...The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg−4.5Al−2.5Zn−0.3Mn−0.2Ca(wt.%,designated as AZ42)alloys in extruded(at extrusion ratios of 28,20 and 11.5)and peak-aged states were investigated,by using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectrometry and electron backscatter diffraction.The results show that extrusion produces a typical basal fiber texture and streamlines of second phases.All samples exhibit the lowest Schmid factor of basal slip(SFb)and the superior tensile yield strength(TYS)along extrusion direction(ED).The sample with extrusion ratio of 20 exhibits the largest average grain size,but the smallest SFb which compensates for the disadvantage of grain coarsening and maintains the strength.After being peak-aged at 175℃for 48 h,the sample with the extrusion ratio of 20 shows the optimal TYS along all the directions,compared to the other samples.This hopes to provide useful information for optimizing the deformation parameters of the AZ42 alloys.展开更多
The recently demonstrated methods for cooling and trapping diatomic molecules offer new possibilities for precision searches in fundamental physical theories.Here,we propose to study the variations of the fine-structu...The recently demonstrated methods for cooling and trapping diatomic molecules offer new possibilities for precision searches in fundamental physical theories.Here,we propose to study the variations of the fine-structure constant(α=e^(2)/(hc)) and the proton-to-electron mass ratio(μ=m_(p)/m_(e)) with time by taking advantage of the nearly degenerate rovibrational levels in the electronic states of the magnesium fluoride(MgF) molecule.Specifically,due to the cancellation between the fine-structure splitting and the rovibrational intervals in the different MgF natural isotopes,a degeneracy occurs for A^(2)П_(3/2)(v'=0,J'=18.5,-) and A^(2)П_(1/2)(v "=0,J" =20.5,-).We find that using the nearly degenerate energy level of such states can be 104 times more sensitive than using a pure rotational transition to measure the variations of α and μ.To quantify the small gap between A^(2)П_(3/2)(v'=0,J'=18.5,-) and A^(2)П_(1/2)(v "=0,J" =20.5,-),special transitions of choice are feasible:X^(2)Σ_(1/2)~+(v=0,J=19.5,+) to A^(2)П_(3/2)(v'=0,J'=18.5,-) and X^(2)Σ_(1/2)~+(v=0.J=19.5,+)to A^(2)П_(1/2)(v "=0,J" =20.5,-).In addition,we estimate the frequency uncertainties caused by the narrow linewidth,Zeeman shift,Stark shift,Doppler broadening and blackbody radiation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hematoma expansion(HE)typically portends a poor prognosis in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Several radiographic and laboratory values have been proposed as predictive markers of HE.AIM To perfor...BACKGROUND Hematoma expansion(HE)typically portends a poor prognosis in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Several radiographic and laboratory values have been proposed as predictive markers of HE.AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of neu-trophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and HE in ICH.A secondary outcome exa-mined was the association of NLR and perihematomal(PHE)growth.METHODS Three databases were searched(PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane)for studies evaluating the effect of NLR on HE and PHE growth.The inverse variance me-thod was applied to estimate an overall effect for each specific outcome by combining weighted averages of the individual studies’estimates of the logarithm odds ratio(OR).Given heterogeneity of the studies,a random effect was applied.Risk of bias was analyzed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.The study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines.The protocol was registered in PROSPERO(No.CRD42024549924).RESULTS Eleven retrospective cohort studies involving 2953 patients were included in the meta-analysis.Among those,HE was investigated in eight studies,whereas PHE growth was evaluated in three.Blood sample was obtained on admission in ten studies,and at 24 hours in one study.There was no consensus on cut-off value among the studies.NLR was found to be significantly associated with higher odds of HE(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.04-1.15,I2=86%,P<0.01),and PHE growth(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.19-1.38,I2=0%,P<0.01).Qualitative analysis of each outcome revealed overall moderate risk of bias mainly due to lack of control for systemic confounders.CONCLUSION The available literature suggests that a possible association may exist between NLR on admission and HE,and PHE growth.Future studies controlled for systemic confounders should be designed to consolidate this finding.If confirmed,NLR could be added as a readily available and inexpensive biomarker to identify a subgroup of patients at higher risk of developing HE.展开更多
Plant invasion poses a serious environmental challenge to freshwater ecosystems. Heavy metal pollution and nutrient enrichment, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), are two additional critical environmental i...Plant invasion poses a serious environmental challenge to freshwater ecosystems. Heavy metal pollution and nutrient enrichment, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), are two additional critical environmental issues known to influence the growth of invasive plants. Notably, the N/P ratio in the environments is often inconstant;however, whether these variations can cause differential responses in invasive plants remains underexplored, despite its crucial importance for understanding plant invasiveness. In this study, we examined the effects of different N/P ratios (4:1, 16:1, 32:1, 64:1) on the growth of a widespread invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides in cadmium (Cd) polluted water, while maintaining either a constant N concentration (2 mmol L^(−1)) or a constant P concentration (0.5 mmol L^(−1)). Two control treatments were also included: one without Cd, N, or P, and another with Cd but without N or P. The addition of N and P did not mitigate the inhibitory effects of Cd on A. philoxeroides growth nor did it enhance its tolerance. However, under conditions of constant N concentration, the N/P ratio of 4:1 significantly increased both the main stem length and the number of nodes in A. philoxeroides under Cd stress, potentially enhancing its expansion and clonal growth. Our results suggest that A. philoxeroides exhibits greater sensitivity to variations in the N/P ratio when N concentration is held constant, compared to when P concentration is constant in Cd polluted water. This study investigated the effects of varying N/P ratios on invasive plants under Cd pollution, which has been underexplored in previous research. The findings provide an experimental basis for controlling and preventing the spread of invasive plants in freshwater systems polluted with Cd and experiencing eutrophication.展开更多
Gastric cancer(GC)is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths,highlighting the need for reliable prognostic biomarkers to guide treatment.Wei et al’s systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the neutrophil-to-ly...Gastric cancer(GC)is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths,highlighting the need for reliable prognostic biomarkers to guide treatment.Wei et al’s systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)as a potential biomarker for GC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.NLR is a simple and cost-effective measure of systemic inflammation that shows promise in predicting treatment response and survival outcomes,including overall survival and progression-free survival.However,variations in NLR thresholds and timing of measurements affect its accuracy and clinical utility.Moreover,the studies reviewed primarily involved Asian populations,which may limit the generalizability of the findings.To improve NLR’s clinical relevance,future research should focus on standardizing NLR thresholds,refining measurement timing,and incorporating additional inflammatory markers like platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and Glasgow prognostic score.Addressing con-founders and including diverse patient populations will help improve NLR’s reliability as a prognostic marker for GC.展开更多
This paper presents a new capacity planning method that utilizes the complementary characteristics of wind and solar power output.It addresses the limitations of relying on a single metric for a comprehensive assessme...This paper presents a new capacity planning method that utilizes the complementary characteristics of wind and solar power output.It addresses the limitations of relying on a single metric for a comprehensive assessment of complementarity.To enable more accurate predictions of the optimal wind-solar ratio,a comprehensive complementarity rate is proposed,which allows for the optimization of wind-solar capacity based on this measure.Initially,the Clayton Copula function is employed to create a joint probability distribution model for wind and solar power,enabling the calculation of the comprehensive complementarity rate.Following this,a joint planning model is developed to enhance the system’s economy and reliability.The goal is to minimize total costs,load deficit rates,and curtailment rates by applying an ImprovedMulti-Objective Particle SwarmOptimization algorithm(IMOPSO).Results show that when the proportion of wind power reaches 70%,the comprehensive complementarity rate is optimized.This optimization leads to a 14.83%reduction in total costs and a 9.27%decrease in curtailment rates.Compared to existing studies,this paper offers a multidimensional analysis of the relationship between the comprehensive complementarity rate and the optimal wind-solar ratio,thereby improving predictive accuracy and providing a valuable reference for research on the correlation between wind and solar power.展开更多
This study presents a significant advancement in the vibration analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates with auxetic cores by introducing a general viscoelastic foundation model that more accurately reflects th...This study presents a significant advancement in the vibration analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates with auxetic cores by introducing a general viscoelastic foundation model that more accurately reflects the complex interactions between the plate and the foundation.The novelty of this study is that the proposed viscoelastic foundation model incorporates elastic and damping effects in both the Winkler and Pasternak layers.To develop the theoretical framework for this analysis,the higher-order shear deformation theory is employed,while Hamilton's principle is used to derive the governing equations of motion.The closed-form solution is used to determine the damped vibration behaviors of the sandwich plates.The precision and robustness of the proposed mathematical model are validated through several comparison studies with existing numerical results.A detailed parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of various parameters,including the elastic and damping coefficients of the foundation,the material gradation,and the properties of the auxetic core on the vibration behavior of the plates.The numerical results provide new insights into the vibration characteristics of sandwich plates with auxetic cores resting on viscoelastic foundation,highlighting the significant role of the two damping coefficients and auxetic cores in the visco-vibration behavior of the plates.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is associated with a high incidence of type 2 diabetic mellitus(T2DM)in Asia.Central obesity is an important risk factor for DN,represented by a series of indices,including waist cir...BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is associated with a high incidence of type 2 diabetic mellitus(T2DM)in Asia.Central obesity is an important risk factor for DN,represented by a series of indices,including waist circumference,waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),hip circumference,and visceral to subcutaneous fat area ratio(VSR).However,limited research has focused on the association between these indices and DN.AIM To elucidate the relationship between central fat distribution,as measured by WHR and VSR,and the DN progression.METHODS Between August 2018 and April 2023,a total of 991 individuals were retrospectively recruited from the Rui’an People’s Hospital for this cross-sectional analysis.The 753 individuals with T2DM were divided into three groups according to the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(ACR):normal albuminuria(n=513,ACR<30 mg/g),microalbuminuria(n=166,30≤ACR<300 mg/g),and clinical proteinuria(n=45,ACR≥300 mg/g).RESULTS Our results indicated that WHR and VSR were closely correlated with sex,ageing,body mass index,hypertension,T2DM causes,and experience of drinking and smoking,and potential relationships between these factors and DN progression were observed.WHR,but not VSR,gradually increased with the severity of early-stage renal injury.Abnormal serum lipid levels in T2DM patients with early-stage renal injury were strongly correlated with WHR.Logistic regression analysis revealed that WHR may be an independent risk factor for early-stage renal injury.CONCLUSION In patients with T2DM,WHR level,rather than VSR level,is closely associated with early-stage renal injury.An abnormal serum lipid spectrum was common in all stages of renal injury and was strongly related to high WHR.Thus,WHR measurement might be a valuable tool for the early prevention of renal injury,which could guide clinical monitoring and prevent diabetic complications.展开更多
Background: It is crucial to assess the severity of acute cholangitis(AC). There are currently several prognostic markers. However, the accuracies of these markers are not satisfied. The present study aimed to investi...Background: It is crucial to assess the severity of acute cholangitis(AC). There are currently several prognostic markers. However, the accuracies of these markers are not satisfied. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the red cell distribution width(RDW)-to-albumin ratio(RAR) for the prognosis of AC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients diagnosed with AC between May 2019 and March 2022. RAR was calculated, and its predictive ability for in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization were analyzed. Results: Out of 438 patients, 34(7.8%) died. Multivariate analysis showed that malignant etiology [odds ratio(OR) = 4.816, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.936-11.980], creatinine(OR = 1.649, 95% CI: 1.095-2.484), and RAR(OR = 2.064, 95% CI: 1.494-2.851) were independent risk factors for mortality. When adjusted for relevant covariates, including age, sex, malignant etiology, Tokyo severity grading(TSG), Charlson comorbidity index, and creatinine, RAR significantly predicted mortality(adjusted OR = 1.833, 95% CI: 1.280-2.624). When the cut-off of RAR was set to 3.8, its sensitivity and specificity for mortality were 94.1% and 56.7%, respectively. Patients with an RAR of > 3.8 had a 20.9-fold(OR = 20.9, 95% CI: 4.9-88.6) greater risk of mortality than the remaining patients. The area under the curve value of RAR for mortality was 0.835(95% CI: 0.770-0.901), which was significantly higher than that of TSG and the other prognostic markers, such as C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, and procalcitonin-to-albumin ratio. Lastly, RAR was not inferior to TSG in predicting ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization. Conclusions: RAR successfully predicted the in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization of patients with AC, especially in-hospital mortality. RAR is a promising marker that is more convenient than TSG and other prognostic markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with AC.展开更多
BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),a composite inflammatory biomarker,is associated with the prognosis in patients with colorectal tumors.However,whether the NLR can be used as a predictor of symptomat...BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),a composite inflammatory biomarker,is associated with the prognosis in patients with colorectal tumors.However,whether the NLR can be used as a predictor of symptomatic postoperative ana-stomotic leakage(AL)in elderly patients with colon cancer is unclear.AIM To assess the role of the NLR in predicting the occurrence of symptomatic AL after surgery in elderly patients with colon cancer.METHODS Data from elderly colon cancer patients who underwent elective radical colectomy with anastomosis at three centers between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the best predictive cutoff value for the NLR.Twenty-two covariates were matched using a 1:1 propensity score matching method,and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine risk factors for the development of postoperative AL.RESULTS Of the 577 patients included,36(6.2%)had symptomatic AL.The optimal cutoff value of the NLR for predicting AL was 2.66.After propensity score matching,the incidence of AL was significantly greater in the≥2.66 NLR subgroup than in the<2.66 NLR subgroup(11.5%vs 2.5%;P=0.012).Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoper-atively,preoperative albumin concentration,preoperative prognostic nutritional index,and preoperative NLR and AL occurrence(P<0.05);multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an NLR≥2.66[odds ratio(OR)=5.51;95%confidence interval(CI):1.50-20.26;P=0.010]and blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoperatively(OR=2.52;95%CI:0.88-7.25;P=0.049)were risk factors for the occurrence of symptomatic AL.CONCLUSION A preoperative NLR≥2.66 and blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoperatively are associated with a higher incidence of postoperative symptomatic AL in elderly patients with colon cancer.The preoperative NLR has predictive value for postoperative symptomatic AL after elective surgery in elderly patients with colon cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cell(CTC)count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)are both closely associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To investigate the prognostic value of combining t...BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cell(CTC)count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)are both closely associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To investigate the prognostic value of combining these two indicators in HCC.METHODS Clinical data were collected from patients with advanced HCC who received im-mune therapy combined with targeted therapy at the Department of Oncology,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Sichuan,China,from 2021 to 2023.The optimal cutoff values for CTC programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)(+)>1 or CTC PD-L1(+)≤1 and NLR>3.89 or NLR≤3.89 were evaluated using X-Tile software.Patients were categorized into three groups based on CTC PD-L1(+)counts and NLR:CTC-NLR(0),CTC-NLR(1),and CTC-NLR(2).The relationship between CTC-NLR and clinical variables as well as survival rates was assessed.RESULTS Patients with high CTC PD-L1(+)expression or NLR at baseline had shorter median progression-free survival(m-PFS)and median overall survival(mOS)than those with low levels of CTC PD-L1(+)or NLR(P<0.001).Mean-while,patients in the CTC-NLR(2)group showed a significant decrease in mPFS and mOS.Cox regression analysis revealed that alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),CTC PD-L1(+),and CTC-NLR were independent predictors of OS.The time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of CTC-NLR at 12 months(0.821)and 18 months(0.821)was superior to that of AFP and CTC PD-L1(+).CONCLUSION HCC patients with high CTC PD-L1(+)or NLR expression tend to exhibit poor prognosis,and a high baseline CTC-NLR score may indicate low survival.CTC-NLR may serve as an effective prognostic indicator for patients with advanced HCC receiving immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy.展开更多
Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid regions.With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting m...Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid regions.With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting mode could achieve high yield,fiber quality and water use efficiency(WUE).This study aimed to explore if chemical topping affected cotton yield,quality and water use in relation to row configuration and plant densities.Results Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China,in 2020 and 2021 with two topping method,manual topping and chemical topping,two plant densities,low and high,and two row configurations,i.e.,76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows,which were commonly applied in matching harvest machine.Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield,but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual topping.Under equal row spacing,the WUE in higher density was 62.4%higher than in the lower one.However,under narrow-wide row spacing,the WUE in lower density was 53.3%higher than in higher one(farmers’practice).For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang,the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m-2 or equal rows with 18 plants m-2.Conclusion The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’practice and the density in equal rows was moderate with local practice.Our results provide new knowledge on optimizing agronomic managements of machine-harvested cotton for both high yield and water efficient.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)poses significant challenges in clinical management due to its diverse outcomes.Understanding the prognostic role of hematological parameters and derived ratios in NSTEMI patients could aid in risk stratification and improve patient care.AIM To evaluate the predictive value of hemogram-derived ratios for major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in NSTEMI patients,potentially improving clinical outcomes.METHODS A prospective,observational cohort study was conducted in 2021 at the Internal Medicine Clinic of the University Hospital in Tuzla,Bosnia and Herzegovina.The study included 170 patients with NSTEMI,who were divided into a group with MACE and a control group without MACE.Furthermore,the MACE group was subdivided into lethal and non-lethal groups for prognostic analysis.Alongside hematological parameters,an additional 13 hematological-derived ratios(HDRs)were monitored,and their prognostic role was investigated.RESULTS Hematological parameters did not significantly differ between non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction(NSTEMI)patients with MACE and a control group at T1 and T2.However,significant disparities emerged in HDRs among NSTEMI patients with lethal and non-lethal outcomes post-MACE.Notably,neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were elevated in lethal outcomes.Furthermore,C-reactive protein-to-lymphocyte ratio(CRP/Ly)at T1(>4.737)demonstrated predictive value[odds ratio(OR):3.690,P=0.024].Both NLR at T1(>4.076)and T2(>4.667)emerged as significant predictors,with NLR at T2 exhibiting the highest diagnostic performance,as indicated by an area under the curve of 0.811(95%CI:0.727-0.859)and OR of 4.915(95%CI:1.917-12.602,P=0.001),emphasizing its important role as a prognostic marker.CONCLUSION This study highlights the significant prognostic value of hemogram-derived indexes in predicting MACE among NSTEMI patients.During follow-up,NLR,PLR,and CRP/Ly offer important insights into the inflammatory processes underlying cardiovascular events.
文摘With the continuous application of new technologies in reconnaissance and attack, false camouflage plays a more important role in improving the survivability of targets, and the number of decoys plays a crucial role in the camouflaging effect. Based on the concept of cost-effectiveness ratio, according to the newly formulated Johnson criterion and the view of discovery and destruction, this paper proposes to take the identification probability as the probability of being destroyed and uses mathematical formulas to calculate the cost of a single use decoy. On this basis, a cost-effectiveness ratio model is established, with the product of the increase in the survival probability of the target and the cost of the target as the benefit, and the sum of the product of the probability of being destroyed and the cost of the decoy and the cost of a single use as the consumption cost. The model is calculated and analyzed, and the number of decoys that conform to the actual situation is obtained.
文摘BACKGROUND The use of biomarkers,such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio(NPR),has shown promise in evaluating early outcomes after medical,interventional,and surgical treatments.NLR has emer-ged as an indicator of systemic inflammation and physiological stress.NPR has emerged as a potential indicator of inflammation and thrombotic risk in the context of surgical and radiological procedures.AIM To analyze the correlation of NLR and NPR with the development of post-liver transplantation(LT)early complications after stratification for hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis.METHODS Consecutive patients undergone LT between January 2019 and December 2023 were enrolled.Data regarding the concentration of hemoglobin and the differ-ential leukocyte count on postoperative days(POD)0,1,3,and 5 were collected.RESULTS The dataset included 161 consecutive patients undergone LT.Clavien-Dindo IV-V complications had a good correlation with NLR POD 1(P=0.05),NLR POD 3(P<0.001),NLR POD 7(P<0.001),NPR POD 3(P<0.001).In addition,the NPR ratio on POD 3 correlated with the onset of 30-day hemorrhage(P=0.009).Finally,30-day mortality had a significant association with the NLR POD 1(P=0.03)and with NLR POD 7(P=0.004),while NPR had a significant correlation with 30-day mortality in NPR POD 7(P=0.004).CONCLUSION The analysis of NLR and NPR are strictly correlated with Clavien-Dindo IV-V complications and 30-day post-LT death.
文摘BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B often progresses silently toward hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a leading cause of mortality worldwide.Early detection of HCC is crucial,yet challenging.AIM To investigate the role of dynamic changes in alkaline phosphatase to prealbumin ratio(APR)in hepatitis B progression to HCC.METHODS Data from 4843 patients with hepatitis B(January 2015 to January 2024)were analyzed.HCC incidence rates in males and females were compared using the log-rank test.Data were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier analysis.The Linear Mixed-Effects Model was applied to track the fluctuation of APR levels over time.Furthermore,Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Survival data was employed to investigate the temporal relationship between APR and HCC risk.RESULTS The incidence of HCC was higher in males.To ensure the model’s normality assumption,this study applied a logarithmic transformation to APR,yielding ratio.Ratio levels were higher in females(t=5.26,P<0.01).A 1-unit increase in ratio correlated with a 2.005-fold higher risk of HCC in males(95%CI:1.653-2.431)and a 2.273-fold higher risk in females(95%CI:1.620-3.190).CONCLUSION Males are more prone to HCC,while females have higher APR levels.Despite no baseline APR link,rising APR indicates a higher HCC risk.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2023-JC-QN-0758)Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Research Launch Project(2020BJ-26)Doctoral Research Initializing Fund of Hebei University of Science and Technology,China(1181476).
文摘This paper discusses the influence of Sb/In ratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of the 200 nm InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film.The Sb content of InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film in all samples was verified by HRXRD of the symmetrical 004 reflections and asymmetrical 115 reflections.The calculation results show that the Sb component was 0.6 in the InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)thin film grown under the conditions of Sb/In ratio of 6 and As/In ratio of 3,which has the highest electron mobility(28560 cm^(2)/V·s)at 300 K.At the same time,the influence ofⅤ/Ⅲratio on the transport properties and crystal quality of Al_(0.2)In_(0.8)Sb/InAs_(x)Sb_(1-x)quantum well heterostructures also has been investigated.As a result,the Al_(0.2)In_(0.8)Sb/InAs_(0.4)Sb_(0.6)quantum well heterostructure with a channel thickness of 30 nm grown under the conditions of Sb/In ratio of 6 and As/In ratio of 3 has a maximum electron mobility of 28300 cm^(2)/V·s and a minimum RMS roughness of 0.68 nm.Through optimizing the growth conditions,our samples have higher electron mobility and smoother surface morphology.
基金Project supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(Grant No.202401AT070359)。
文摘Identifying vital nodes is one of the core issues of network science,and is crucial for epidemic prevention and control,network security maintenance,and biomedical research and development.In this paper,a new vital nodes identification method,named degree and cycle ratio(DC),is proposed by integrating degree centrality(weightα)and cycle ratio(weight 1-α).The results show that the dynamic observations and weightαare nonlinear and non-monotonicity(i.e.,there exists an optimal valueα^(*)forα),and that DC performs better than a single index in most networks.According to the value ofα^(*),networks are classified into degree-dominant networks(α^(*)>0.5)and cycle-dominant networks(α^(*)<0.5).Specifically,in most degree-dominant networks(such as Chengdu-BUS,Chongqing-BUS and Beijing-BUS),degree is dominant in the identification of vital nodes,but the identification effect can be improved by adding cycle structure information to the nodes.In most cycle-dominant networks(such as Email,Wiki and Hamsterster),the cycle ratio is dominant in the identification of vital nodes,but the effect can be notably enhanced by additional node degree information.Finally,interestingly,in Lancichinetti-Fortunato-Radicchi(LFR)synthesis networks,the cycle-dominant network is observed.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52472012)Opening Project of State Silica-Based Materials Laboratory of Anhui Province(No.2022KF11)the Research and Development of Glass Powder for Laser Sealing and Its Sealing Technology(No.K24556)。
文摘The low-melting glass of Bi2O_(3)-B2O_(3)-SiO_(2)(BiBSi)system was used for the first time for laser sealing of vacuum glazing.Under the condition of constant boron content,how the structure and properties vary with Bi/Si ratio in low-melting glass was investigated.In addition,the relationships between laser power,low-melting glass solder with different Bi/Si ratios and laser sealing shear strength were revealed.The results show that a decrease in the Bi/Si ratio can cause a contraction of the glass network of the low-melting glass,leading to an increase of its characteristic temperature and a decrease of its coefficient of thermal expansion.During laser sealing,the copper ions in the low-melting glass play an endothermic role.A change in the Bi/Si ratio will affect the valence state transition of the copper ions in the low-melting glass.The absorbance of the low-melting glass does not follow the expected correlation with the Bi/Si ratio,but shows a linear correlation with the content of divalent copper ions.The greater the concentration of divalent copper ions,the greater the absorbance of the low-melting glass,and the lower the laser power required for laser sealing.The shear strength of the low melting glass solder after laser sealing was tested,and it was found that the maximum shear strength of Z1 glass sample was the highest up to 2.67 MPa.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51904036)the Hunan Provincial Key Research and Development Program,China(No.2023GK2049)+2 种基金Changsha Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China(Nos.kq2402016,kq2402014)the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province,China(No.CX20240772)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program,China(No.2024NSFSC0151)。
文摘The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg−4.5Al−2.5Zn−0.3Mn−0.2Ca(wt.%,designated as AZ42)alloys in extruded(at extrusion ratios of 28,20 and 11.5)and peak-aged states were investigated,by using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectrometry and electron backscatter diffraction.The results show that extrusion produces a typical basal fiber texture and streamlines of second phases.All samples exhibit the lowest Schmid factor of basal slip(SFb)and the superior tensile yield strength(TYS)along extrusion direction(ED).The sample with extrusion ratio of 20 exhibits the largest average grain size,but the smallest SFb which compensates for the disadvantage of grain coarsening and maintains the strength.After being peak-aged at 175℃for 48 h,the sample with the extrusion ratio of 20 shows the optimal TYS along all the directions,compared to the other samples.This hopes to provide useful information for optimizing the deformation parameters of the AZ42 alloys.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12174115,11834003,and 91836103)。
文摘The recently demonstrated methods for cooling and trapping diatomic molecules offer new possibilities for precision searches in fundamental physical theories.Here,we propose to study the variations of the fine-structure constant(α=e^(2)/(hc)) and the proton-to-electron mass ratio(μ=m_(p)/m_(e)) with time by taking advantage of the nearly degenerate rovibrational levels in the electronic states of the magnesium fluoride(MgF) molecule.Specifically,due to the cancellation between the fine-structure splitting and the rovibrational intervals in the different MgF natural isotopes,a degeneracy occurs for A^(2)П_(3/2)(v'=0,J'=18.5,-) and A^(2)П_(1/2)(v "=0,J" =20.5,-).We find that using the nearly degenerate energy level of such states can be 104 times more sensitive than using a pure rotational transition to measure the variations of α and μ.To quantify the small gap between A^(2)П_(3/2)(v'=0,J'=18.5,-) and A^(2)П_(1/2)(v "=0,J" =20.5,-),special transitions of choice are feasible:X^(2)Σ_(1/2)~+(v=0,J=19.5,+) to A^(2)П_(3/2)(v'=0,J'=18.5,-) and X^(2)Σ_(1/2)~+(v=0.J=19.5,+)to A^(2)П_(1/2)(v "=0,J" =20.5,-).In addition,we estimate the frequency uncertainties caused by the narrow linewidth,Zeeman shift,Stark shift,Doppler broadening and blackbody radiation.
文摘BACKGROUND Hematoma expansion(HE)typically portends a poor prognosis in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Several radiographic and laboratory values have been proposed as predictive markers of HE.AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of neu-trophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and HE in ICH.A secondary outcome exa-mined was the association of NLR and perihematomal(PHE)growth.METHODS Three databases were searched(PubMed,EMBASE,and Cochrane)for studies evaluating the effect of NLR on HE and PHE growth.The inverse variance me-thod was applied to estimate an overall effect for each specific outcome by combining weighted averages of the individual studies’estimates of the logarithm odds ratio(OR).Given heterogeneity of the studies,a random effect was applied.Risk of bias was analyzed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.The study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines.The protocol was registered in PROSPERO(No.CRD42024549924).RESULTS Eleven retrospective cohort studies involving 2953 patients were included in the meta-analysis.Among those,HE was investigated in eight studies,whereas PHE growth was evaluated in three.Blood sample was obtained on admission in ten studies,and at 24 hours in one study.There was no consensus on cut-off value among the studies.NLR was found to be significantly associated with higher odds of HE(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.04-1.15,I2=86%,P<0.01),and PHE growth(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.19-1.38,I2=0%,P<0.01).Qualitative analysis of each outcome revealed overall moderate risk of bias mainly due to lack of control for systemic confounders.CONCLUSION The available literature suggests that a possible association may exist between NLR on admission and HE,and PHE growth.Future studies controlled for systemic confounders should be designed to consolidate this finding.If confirmed,NLR could be added as a readily available and inexpensive biomarker to identify a subgroup of patients at higher risk of developing HE.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32101264)the Science and Technology Research and Development Project of Handan(Grant 23422304086)the National College Student Innovation Training Project of China(Grant No.202410103013).
文摘Plant invasion poses a serious environmental challenge to freshwater ecosystems. Heavy metal pollution and nutrient enrichment, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), are two additional critical environmental issues known to influence the growth of invasive plants. Notably, the N/P ratio in the environments is often inconstant;however, whether these variations can cause differential responses in invasive plants remains underexplored, despite its crucial importance for understanding plant invasiveness. In this study, we examined the effects of different N/P ratios (4:1, 16:1, 32:1, 64:1) on the growth of a widespread invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides in cadmium (Cd) polluted water, while maintaining either a constant N concentration (2 mmol L^(−1)) or a constant P concentration (0.5 mmol L^(−1)). Two control treatments were also included: one without Cd, N, or P, and another with Cd but without N or P. The addition of N and P did not mitigate the inhibitory effects of Cd on A. philoxeroides growth nor did it enhance its tolerance. However, under conditions of constant N concentration, the N/P ratio of 4:1 significantly increased both the main stem length and the number of nodes in A. philoxeroides under Cd stress, potentially enhancing its expansion and clonal growth. Our results suggest that A. philoxeroides exhibits greater sensitivity to variations in the N/P ratio when N concentration is held constant, compared to when P concentration is constant in Cd polluted water. This study investigated the effects of varying N/P ratios on invasive plants under Cd pollution, which has been underexplored in previous research. The findings provide an experimental basis for controlling and preventing the spread of invasive plants in freshwater systems polluted with Cd and experiencing eutrophication.
文摘Gastric cancer(GC)is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths,highlighting the need for reliable prognostic biomarkers to guide treatment.Wei et al’s systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)as a potential biomarker for GC patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.NLR is a simple and cost-effective measure of systemic inflammation that shows promise in predicting treatment response and survival outcomes,including overall survival and progression-free survival.However,variations in NLR thresholds and timing of measurements affect its accuracy and clinical utility.Moreover,the studies reviewed primarily involved Asian populations,which may limit the generalizability of the findings.To improve NLR’s clinical relevance,future research should focus on standardizing NLR thresholds,refining measurement timing,and incorporating additional inflammatory markers like platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and Glasgow prognostic score.Addressing con-founders and including diverse patient populations will help improve NLR’s reliability as a prognostic marker for GC.
基金This work was supported by Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation Project and the Optimization of Exergy Efficiency of a Hybrid Energy Storage System with Crossover Control for Wind Power(2023JQ04).
文摘This paper presents a new capacity planning method that utilizes the complementary characteristics of wind and solar power output.It addresses the limitations of relying on a single metric for a comprehensive assessment of complementarity.To enable more accurate predictions of the optimal wind-solar ratio,a comprehensive complementarity rate is proposed,which allows for the optimization of wind-solar capacity based on this measure.Initially,the Clayton Copula function is employed to create a joint probability distribution model for wind and solar power,enabling the calculation of the comprehensive complementarity rate.Following this,a joint planning model is developed to enhance the system’s economy and reliability.The goal is to minimize total costs,load deficit rates,and curtailment rates by applying an ImprovedMulti-Objective Particle SwarmOptimization algorithm(IMOPSO).Results show that when the proportion of wind power reaches 70%,the comprehensive complementarity rate is optimized.This optimization leads to a 14.83%reduction in total costs and a 9.27%decrease in curtailment rates.Compared to existing studies,this paper offers a multidimensional analysis of the relationship between the comprehensive complementarity rate and the optimal wind-solar ratio,thereby improving predictive accuracy and providing a valuable reference for research on the correlation between wind and solar power.
基金the funding of the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,Jazan University,Saudi Arabia,through project number:RG24-M027.
文摘This study presents a significant advancement in the vibration analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates with auxetic cores by introducing a general viscoelastic foundation model that more accurately reflects the complex interactions between the plate and the foundation.The novelty of this study is that the proposed viscoelastic foundation model incorporates elastic and damping effects in both the Winkler and Pasternak layers.To develop the theoretical framework for this analysis,the higher-order shear deformation theory is employed,while Hamilton's principle is used to derive the governing equations of motion.The closed-form solution is used to determine the damped vibration behaviors of the sandwich plates.The precision and robustness of the proposed mathematical model are validated through several comparison studies with existing numerical results.A detailed parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of various parameters,including the elastic and damping coefficients of the foundation,the material gradation,and the properties of the auxetic core on the vibration behavior of the plates.The numerical results provide new insights into the vibration characteristics of sandwich plates with auxetic cores resting on viscoelastic foundation,highlighting the significant role of the two damping coefficients and auxetic cores in the visco-vibration behavior of the plates.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Project of Wenzhou City,No.Y20240252 and No.Y2023374.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is associated with a high incidence of type 2 diabetic mellitus(T2DM)in Asia.Central obesity is an important risk factor for DN,represented by a series of indices,including waist circumference,waist-to-hip ratio(WHR),hip circumference,and visceral to subcutaneous fat area ratio(VSR).However,limited research has focused on the association between these indices and DN.AIM To elucidate the relationship between central fat distribution,as measured by WHR and VSR,and the DN progression.METHODS Between August 2018 and April 2023,a total of 991 individuals were retrospectively recruited from the Rui’an People’s Hospital for this cross-sectional analysis.The 753 individuals with T2DM were divided into three groups according to the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio(ACR):normal albuminuria(n=513,ACR<30 mg/g),microalbuminuria(n=166,30≤ACR<300 mg/g),and clinical proteinuria(n=45,ACR≥300 mg/g).RESULTS Our results indicated that WHR and VSR were closely correlated with sex,ageing,body mass index,hypertension,T2DM causes,and experience of drinking and smoking,and potential relationships between these factors and DN progression were observed.WHR,but not VSR,gradually increased with the severity of early-stage renal injury.Abnormal serum lipid levels in T2DM patients with early-stage renal injury were strongly correlated with WHR.Logistic regression analysis revealed that WHR may be an independent risk factor for early-stage renal injury.CONCLUSION In patients with T2DM,WHR level,rather than VSR level,is closely associated with early-stage renal injury.An abnormal serum lipid spectrum was common in all stages of renal injury and was strongly related to high WHR.Thus,WHR measurement might be a valuable tool for the early prevention of renal injury,which could guide clinical monitoring and prevent diabetic complications.
文摘Background: It is crucial to assess the severity of acute cholangitis(AC). There are currently several prognostic markers. However, the accuracies of these markers are not satisfied. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the red cell distribution width(RDW)-to-albumin ratio(RAR) for the prognosis of AC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients diagnosed with AC between May 2019 and March 2022. RAR was calculated, and its predictive ability for in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization were analyzed. Results: Out of 438 patients, 34(7.8%) died. Multivariate analysis showed that malignant etiology [odds ratio(OR) = 4.816, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.936-11.980], creatinine(OR = 1.649, 95% CI: 1.095-2.484), and RAR(OR = 2.064, 95% CI: 1.494-2.851) were independent risk factors for mortality. When adjusted for relevant covariates, including age, sex, malignant etiology, Tokyo severity grading(TSG), Charlson comorbidity index, and creatinine, RAR significantly predicted mortality(adjusted OR = 1.833, 95% CI: 1.280-2.624). When the cut-off of RAR was set to 3.8, its sensitivity and specificity for mortality were 94.1% and 56.7%, respectively. Patients with an RAR of > 3.8 had a 20.9-fold(OR = 20.9, 95% CI: 4.9-88.6) greater risk of mortality than the remaining patients. The area under the curve value of RAR for mortality was 0.835(95% CI: 0.770-0.901), which was significantly higher than that of TSG and the other prognostic markers, such as C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, and procalcitonin-to-albumin ratio. Lastly, RAR was not inferior to TSG in predicting ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization. Conclusions: RAR successfully predicted the in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization of patients with AC, especially in-hospital mortality. RAR is a promising marker that is more convenient than TSG and other prognostic markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with AC.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China,No.21JR1RA075 and No.22JR5RA895and Lanzhou Science and Technology Program,China,No.2021-1-109.
文摘BACKGROUND The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),a composite inflammatory biomarker,is associated with the prognosis in patients with colorectal tumors.However,whether the NLR can be used as a predictor of symptomatic postoperative ana-stomotic leakage(AL)in elderly patients with colon cancer is unclear.AIM To assess the role of the NLR in predicting the occurrence of symptomatic AL after surgery in elderly patients with colon cancer.METHODS Data from elderly colon cancer patients who underwent elective radical colectomy with anastomosis at three centers between 2018 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the best predictive cutoff value for the NLR.Twenty-two covariates were matched using a 1:1 propensity score matching method,and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine risk factors for the development of postoperative AL.RESULTS Of the 577 patients included,36(6.2%)had symptomatic AL.The optimal cutoff value of the NLR for predicting AL was 2.66.After propensity score matching,the incidence of AL was significantly greater in the≥2.66 NLR subgroup than in the<2.66 NLR subgroup(11.5%vs 2.5%;P=0.012).Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant correlations between blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoper-atively,preoperative albumin concentration,preoperative prognostic nutritional index,and preoperative NLR and AL occurrence(P<0.05);multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that an NLR≥2.66[odds ratio(OR)=5.51;95%confidence interval(CI):1.50-20.26;P=0.010]and blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoperatively(OR=2.52;95%CI:0.88-7.25;P=0.049)were risk factors for the occurrence of symptomatic AL.CONCLUSION A preoperative NLR≥2.66 and blood transfusion intraoperatively and within 2 d postoperatively are associated with a higher incidence of postoperative symptomatic AL in elderly patients with colon cancer.The preoperative NLR has predictive value for postoperative symptomatic AL after elective surgery in elderly patients with colon cancer.
基金The research protocol was approved by the Clinical Trial Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University(approval number:KY2021063)registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number:ChiCTR2100044198).
文摘BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cell(CTC)count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)are both closely associated with the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).AIM To investigate the prognostic value of combining these two indicators in HCC.METHODS Clinical data were collected from patients with advanced HCC who received im-mune therapy combined with targeted therapy at the Department of Oncology,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,Sichuan,China,from 2021 to 2023.The optimal cutoff values for CTC programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)(+)>1 or CTC PD-L1(+)≤1 and NLR>3.89 or NLR≤3.89 were evaluated using X-Tile software.Patients were categorized into three groups based on CTC PD-L1(+)counts and NLR:CTC-NLR(0),CTC-NLR(1),and CTC-NLR(2).The relationship between CTC-NLR and clinical variables as well as survival rates was assessed.RESULTS Patients with high CTC PD-L1(+)expression or NLR at baseline had shorter median progression-free survival(m-PFS)and median overall survival(mOS)than those with low levels of CTC PD-L1(+)or NLR(P<0.001).Mean-while,patients in the CTC-NLR(2)group showed a significant decrease in mPFS and mOS.Cox regression analysis revealed that alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),CTC PD-L1(+),and CTC-NLR were independent predictors of OS.The time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve of CTC-NLR at 12 months(0.821)and 18 months(0.821)was superior to that of AFP and CTC PD-L1(+).CONCLUSION HCC patients with high CTC PD-L1(+)or NLR expression tend to exhibit poor prognosis,and a high baseline CTC-NLR score may indicate low survival.CTC-NLR may serve as an effective prognostic indicator for patients with advanced HCC receiving immunotherapy combined with targeted therapy.
基金Key Research and Development Program of Xinjiang(2022B02001-1)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42105172,41975146).
文摘Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid regions.With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang,it is important to determine which planting mode could achieve high yield,fiber quality and water use efficiency(WUE).This study aimed to explore if chemical topping affected cotton yield,quality and water use in relation to row configuration and plant densities.Results Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China,in 2020 and 2021 with two topping method,manual topping and chemical topping,two plant densities,low and high,and two row configurations,i.e.,76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows,which were commonly applied in matching harvest machine.Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield,but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual topping.Under equal row spacing,the WUE in higher density was 62.4%higher than in the lower one.However,under narrow-wide row spacing,the WUE in lower density was 53.3%higher than in higher one(farmers’practice).For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang,the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m-2 or equal rows with 18 plants m-2.Conclusion The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’practice and the density in equal rows was moderate with local practice.Our results provide new knowledge on optimizing agronomic managements of machine-harvested cotton for both high yield and water efficient.
