Background: The availability of essential medicines and medical supplies is crucial for effectively delivering healthcare services. In Zambia, the Logistics Management Information System (LMIS) is a key tool for manag...Background: The availability of essential medicines and medical supplies is crucial for effectively delivering healthcare services. In Zambia, the Logistics Management Information System (LMIS) is a key tool for managing the supply chain of these commodities. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of LMIS in ensuring the availability of essential medicines and medical supplies in public hospitals in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia. Materials and Methods: From February to April 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 public hospitals across the Copperbelt Province. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, checklists, and stock control cards. The study assessed LMIS availability, training, and knowledge among pharmacy personnel, as well as data accuracy, product availability, and order fill rates. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Results: All surveyed hospitals had LMIS implemented and were using eLMIS as the primary LMIS. Only 47% and 48% of pharmacy personnel received training in eLMIS and Essential Medicines Logistics Improvement Program (EMLIP), respectively. Most personnel demonstrated good knowledge of LMIS, with 77.7% able to log in to eLMIS Facility Edition, 76.6% able to locate stock control cards in the system, and 78.7% able to perform transactions. However, data accuracy from physical and electronic records varied from 0% to 60%, and product availability ranged from 50% to 80%. Order fill rates from Zambia Medicines and Medical Supplies Agency (ZAMMSA) were consistently below 30%. Discrepancies were observed between physical stock counts and eLMIS records. Conclusion: This study found that most hospitals in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia have implemented LMIS use. While LMIS implementation is high in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia, challenges such as low training levels, data inaccuracies, low product availability, and order fill rates persist. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive approach, including capacity building, data quality improvement, supply chain coordination, and investment in infrastructure and human resources. Strengthening LMIS effectiveness is crucial for improving healthcare delivery and patient outcomes in Zambia.展开更多
To further enhance the overall service quality of China’s hospitals and improve the trust of the majority of patients in hospitals,this paper takes intelligent hospital management as the object of study,analyzes the ...To further enhance the overall service quality of China’s hospitals and improve the trust of the majority of patients in hospitals,this paper takes intelligent hospital management as the object of study,analyzes the importance of electronic information engineering technology applied in hospital management,and discusses the specific application methods of electronic information engineering in hospital management.This aims the existing problems in the current hospital management,such as insufficient degree of informatization,data sharing difficulties,lack of professionals,etc.Corresponding improvement measures are proposed,including strengthening the construction of informatization,promoting data sharing,and cultivating professionals.It is hoped that this study will enable the majority of hospital managers to make better use of electronic information engineering technology to effectively solve the current problems faced by hospitals and to continuously improve the comprehensive competitiveness of China’s hospitals.展开更多
Objective: To review, categorise, and synthesise findings from literature on health information technology (HIT) functionalities, HIT use, and the impact of HIT on hospital performance. Materials and Methods: We condu...Objective: To review, categorise, and synthesise findings from literature on health information technology (HIT) functionalities, HIT use, and the impact of HIT on hospital performance. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic integrative literature review based on a compre-hensive database search. To organise, categorise and synthesise the ex-isting literature, we adopted the affordance actualization theory. To align the literature with our research framework, we used four categories: 1) the functionalities of HIT and how these functionalities are measured;2) use and immediate outcomes of HIT functionalities;3) different perfor-mance indicators and how HIT functionalities affect them;and 4) what hospital characteristics influence the outcome of hospital performance. Results: Fifty-two studies were included. We identified four types of HIT. Only ten studies (19.2%) define the use of HIT by explicitly meas-uring the use rate of HIT. We identified five dimensions of hospital per-formance indicators. Every dimension showed mixed results;however, in general, HIT has a positive impact on mortality and patient readmis-sions. We found several hospital characteristics that may affect the rela-tionship between HIT and hospital-level outcomes. Discussion: Further efforts should focus on embedded research on HIT functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementations with more performance indicators and adjusted for hospital characteristics. Conclusion: The proposed framework could help hospitals and researchers make decisions regard-ing the functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementation in hospi-tals. Given our research outcomes, we suggest future research opportuni-ties to improve understanding of how HIT affects hospital performance. .展开更多
Ecological monitoring vehicles are equipped with a range of sensors and monitoring devices designed to gather data on ecological and environmental factors.These vehicles are crucial in various fields,including environ...Ecological monitoring vehicles are equipped with a range of sensors and monitoring devices designed to gather data on ecological and environmental factors.These vehicles are crucial in various fields,including environmental science research,ecological and environmental monitoring projects,disaster response,and emergency management.A key method employed in these vehicles for achieving high-precision positioning is LiDAR(lightlaser detection and ranging)-Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM).However,maintaining highprecision localization in complex scenarios,such as degraded environments or when dynamic objects are present,remains a significant challenge.To address this issue,we integrate both semantic and texture information from LiDAR and cameras to enhance the robustness and efficiency of data registration.Specifically,semantic information simplifies the modeling of scene elements,reducing the reliance on dense point clouds,which can be less efficient.Meanwhile,visual texture information complements LiDAR-Visual localization by providing additional contextual details.By incorporating semantic and texture details frompaired images and point clouds,we significantly improve the quality of data association,thereby increasing the success rate of localization.This approach not only enhances the operational capabilities of ecological monitoring vehicles in complex environments but also contributes to improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of ecological monitoring and environmental protection efforts.展开更多
Abortion is one of the leading causes of maternal death in Cameroon, despite numerous policies and strategies put in place to reduce it by 2030.This study aims to describe the epidemiologic aspects of abortions within...Abortion is one of the leading causes of maternal death in Cameroon, despite numerous policies and strategies put in place to reduce it by 2030.This study aims to describe the epidemiologic aspects of abortions within hospitals in the city of Yaoundé in 2023. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with prospective data collection in the maternity wards of the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital, and the Yaoundé Central Hospital for 7 months, from the 1st of November 2022 to the 31st of May 2023. The variables studied were demographic and clinical characteristics, means of recourse and post-abortion contraception. The frequency of abortions was calculated as the ratio of the number of abortions to the number of deliveries. The calculation of numbers and frequencies was used to describe the study population, and to highlight the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients recruited. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Data were collected numerically and classified according to type, then analyzed using Epi-info version 7.2 software. Microsoft Office Excel 2013 was used to produce figures and tables. Results: During the study period, 169 patients were selected out of 1882 patients who had consulted for gynaecological emergencies;but only 164 of them accepted to participate. The frequency of abortions was 9.6% (169/1882). The age group of 25 to 29 years was the most represented, with 29.3% (48/164). They were mainly single 76.2% (125/164), and housewives 33.5% (55/164). The notion of previous abortion was found in 30.5% (50/164) of them. Approximately 19.5% of patients (32/164) reported to have conceived while using contraception, 56.2% of whom (18/32) used male condoms. At the time of admission to the emergency unit, the predominant symptom was bleeding in 70.7% of cases. The abortions were mainly spontaneous, in 75% of cases (123/164). In cases of induced abortions, 24.4% (10/41) of them took place after 14 weeks. Unexpected pregnancy was the main reason for termination in 46.3% of cases (19/41). Regarding induced abortion, 58.54% (24/41) of them resorted to voluntary medical termination. The mortality rate was 1.2%. The acceptability rate of a modern contraceptive method before discharge was 31.7%. Conclusion: Although frequent in our environment, data relating to abortion remain under-evaluated. Abortions occur mainly among young, single women, with a still very high proportion of induced abortions. The acceptability of post-abortion contraception remains poor. Prevention of unwanted pregnancies and risk factors is necessary to reduce the burden of abortions in low-income countries.展开更多
Background: Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health. Obesity occurs as a result of an imbalance in diet (energy intake) and physical activity (energy expended), mu...Background: Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health. Obesity occurs as a result of an imbalance in diet (energy intake) and physical activity (energy expended), multifactorial diseases due to obesogenic environment (availability of convenience food, media influence, etc.), psycho-social factors (social support systems, cultural/environmental influence, etc.) and genetic variants. Other causes are a subgroup of etiological factors (medications, diseases, immobilization, iatrogenic procedures, monogenic disease/genetic syndrome). Obesity is measured clinically by several common tools apart from body mass index (BMI), such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio, and neck circumference. WC and WHR are common tools for measuring central obesity while BMI measures generalized obesity. Aims: The goal of this study is to assess the prevalence of obesity amongst health workers of David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital, Uburu, Ebonyi state, Southeast Nigeria and to note the prevailing factors. A reliable estimate of the prevalence of obesity among health workers will contribute to the statistics needed to sway policymakers in the country to take urgent and substantial action on the increasing prevalence of obesity, especially in the healthcare industry. Methodology: The study was carried out between May 2024 and June 2024 at the David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital situated in Uburu, Ohaozara Local government area of Ebonyi state, Southeast Nigeria. The questionnaire was designed using the Finnish diabetic risk score (FINDRISC). It contained basic comprehending questions on age, gender, exposure to high blood pressure medication, and anthropometric measurement amongst others. Weight was taken with a portable weighing scale and height, with a stadiometer. Both were taken with shoes and headgear removed. The BMI was calculated using the weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m2). Result: Generally, the prevalence of obesity (>30 kg/m2) in this study was low 17.6% (38), Overweight (BMI 25 - 30), 38.9%, (84) healthy Weight, (BMI 18.5 - 24.9), 43.5% (94). The study revealed that a family history of diabetes was significantly related to higher BMI, with participants more likely to be overweight or obese (p = 0.00030). Similarly, participants with a personal history of diabetes were predominantly in the obese category (p = 0.00038). Waist circumference also showed a strong association with BMI, as larger waist measurements were more common among obese individuals (p = 9.2 × 10−8). In contrast, the analysis found no significant relationships between BMI and age, gender, high blood pressure, or exercise habits. Conclusion: The socio-demographic determinants of obesity in this study were gender, age < 45 years and exposure to exercise. These determinants should form the areas of focus for interventions such as health education and the design of work environments as environments designed to promote physical activities while working will reduce the prevalence of obesity in tertiary institutions.展开更多
Acute coronary syndrome (SCA) is the clinical manifestation of myocardial suffering due to ischemia. Through this study, we aim to describe the management of acute coronary syndromes in the cardiology department of th...Acute coronary syndrome (SCA) is the clinical manifestation of myocardial suffering due to ischemia. Through this study, we aim to describe the management of acute coronary syndromes in the cardiology department of the National Ignace Deen Teaching Hospital in Conakry. We conducted a prospective, descriptive study, conducted from November 1, 2023, to May 31, 2024, on patients hospitalized for SCA. The hospital prevalence of acute coronary syndrome in our study was 22.9%. Male patients were the most represented (74.1%) with a sex ratio of 2.9. The age group of 60 - 65 predominates (47%) with an average age of 63 ± 15. Killip stage I was the most common on admission in 58%. In our series, 12 (%) were thrombolyzed by streptokinase, and 8 were successful. Angioplasty was performed in 6 patients, including 2 primary ones. The evolution was good in 65% of our patients.展开更多
Introduction: Respiratory distress is a clinical condition accompanied by an increase in work of breathing, with the respiratory accessory muscles brought into play to ensure normal arterial oxygenation. It is a major...Introduction: Respiratory distress is a clinical condition accompanied by an increase in work of breathing, with the respiratory accessory muscles brought into play to ensure normal arterial oxygenation. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatrics. The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of respiratory distress in children aged between 1 month and 15 years seen in the emergency department of the Bangui paediatric university hospital. Methodology: This was a 3-month descriptive cross-sectional study, from January 1 to March 31, 2023. All children aged 1 month to less than 15 years presenting with respiratory distress were included. Results: A total of 3021 children were admitted to the emergency medical services of Bangui’s pediatric university hospital. Of these, 164 were included in the study. The predominance was male, with a sex ratio of 1.09. The 0 - 2 age group was the most represented, with 67 patients (42.85%). The majority of patients came from Bangui, accounting for 146 (89.02%) of cases. Respiratory difficulty (59.15%), characterized by dyspnea and cough, associated with fever, vomiting, physical asthenia and diarrhea, were the main reasons for consultation. The main pathologies noted were respiratory 92 (56.10%), followed by cardiac pathologies 21 (12.8%). Antibiotic administration (76.82%) was the most common therapeutic procedure used in the management of respiratory distress. Conclusion: Respiratory distress remains an important cause of infant mortality in our context, with major management problems.展开更多
Introduction: Diabetes remains a real public health problem today, due to its associated morbidity and mortality. It induces numerous metabolic, biochemical, hematological, and immunological changes, responsible for m...Introduction: Diabetes remains a real public health problem today, due to its associated morbidity and mortality. It induces numerous metabolic, biochemical, hematological, and immunological changes, responsible for multiple complications. The objective of this study was to characterize clinically and biologically type 2 diabetic patients followed at the National Center for Diabetology and Arterial Hypertension of the Central Hospital of Yaoundé. Method: This prospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study took place from April 5 to July 31, 2023 (4 months) on 100 diabetic patients of both sexes (61 women and 39 men), aged from 31 to 88 years. Body Mass Index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and cardiac frequency were measured on each of the patients. Subsequently, blood was collected from the patients for the determination of the complete blood count, HBA1c, lipid profile, serum albumin, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software. Results: The age average of our population was 56.99 ± 11.51 years, the population was primarily female (61%) and primarily between the ages of 55 and 88. 67% of respondents were married. 59% went to secondary school. 73% of them lived in urban areas. 30% were obese and 40% were overweight, with an average BMI of 28.75 kg/m2. 76% of patients took oral antidiabetic medications. HbA1c level average was 8.65%, with 60% having readings above 6.5%. Low hemoglobin and hypochromia were among the abnormalities of red blood cells observed. Lipid profiles revealed low HDL-cholesterol and high triglycerides and cholesterol. Elevated levels of TNF-α and IL-6 indicated inflammation and cardiovascular risk. Conclusion: These results indicate the necessity of focused diabetic care and management on diabetic patients attending the central hospital of Yaoundé, Cameroon.展开更多
Introduction: The objective of this work was to study maternal deaths noted on arrival in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department at Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes over a period of 10 years. Materials and Methods: ...Introduction: The objective of this work was to study maternal deaths noted on arrival in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department at Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes over a period of 10 years. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with data collection over a period of 10 years;The data collection was retrospective over nine years from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2021 and prospective over one year from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. This study focused on all patients whose death was noted on arrival during pregnancy, labor or in the postpartum period in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department of Fousseyni Daou Hospital. Confidentiality and anonymity were respected. The processing and analysis of statistical data were carried out using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: During the study period, we recorded 93 cases of death noted on arrival out of a total of 606 maternal deaths, i.e., a frequency of 15.34%. The average age was 27 years with the extremes of 20 years and 34 years. They came mainly from rural areas at 74%, were married at 82%, uneducated at 51.6%, housewives at 87.1%. The profession of the spouses is worker at 37.6%. In our sample, evacuated patients were the most represented with 75.3%. Postpartum hemorrhage was the most frequent reason for admission with 22.6%. The deceased patients had no medical history at 86%. In our series, 59.5% of the deceased patients had not had antenatal consultations (CPN). Patients who died on arrival and who had given birth at home were the most represented with 54.8%. Deaths from immediate postpartum hemorrhage complicated by shock were the most frequent with 25.8% followed by severe anemia 8.6%. Deaths were mainly due to direct obstetric causes at 76.3%. In these deaths observed on arrival, the 2nd delay was identified at 48.4%. Conclusion: Maternal deaths observed on arrival remain frequent in the Kayes region. The main causes are immediate postpartum hemorrhage and anemia, which are almost all preventable causes of maternal death following the 1st and 2nd delay.展开更多
BACKGROUND With an increase in the elderly population,the frequency of hospitalizations in recent years has also risen at a rapid pace.This,in turn,has resulted in poor outcomes and costly treatments.Hospitalization r...BACKGROUND With an increase in the elderly population,the frequency of hospitalizations in recent years has also risen at a rapid pace.This,in turn,has resulted in poor outcomes and costly treatments.Hospitalization rates increase in elderly patients due to a decline in glomerular filtration rate(GFR).AIM To investigate the connection between GFR and comorbidity and reasons for hospitalization in elderly patients.METHODS We analyzed patients aged 75 years and over who were admitted to the internal medicine clinic of a tertiary hospital in Eskisehir.At admission,we calculated GFR values using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study formula and classified them into six categories:G1,G2,G3a,G3b,G4,and G5.We analyzed associations with hospitalization diagnoses and comorbidity factors.RESULTS The average age of the patients was 80.8 years(±4.5 years).GFR was 57.287±29.5 mL/kg/1.73 m2 in women and 61.3±31.5 mL/kg/1.73 m2 in men(P=0.106).Most patients were admitted to the hospital at G2 stage(32.8%).The main reasons for hospitalization were anemia(34.4%and 28.6%)and malnutrition(20.9%and 20.8%)in women and men,respectively(P=0.078).The most frequent comor-bidity leading to hospitalization was arterial hypertension(n=168,28%),fo-llowed by diabetes(n=166,27.7%)(P=0.001).CONCLUSION When evaluating geriatric patients,low GFR alone does not provide sufficient information.Patients’comorbid factors should also be taken into account.There is no association between low GFR during hospitalization and hospitalization-Hamarat H.Aging and GFR related diagnoses.Knowing the GFR value before hospitalization will be more informative in such studies.展开更多
Background: Chronic low back pain is a leading cause of morbidity and disability globally. Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) tend to be more affected, with chronic low back pain (CLBP) being among the leading pr...Background: Chronic low back pain is a leading cause of morbidity and disability globally. Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) tend to be more affected, with chronic low back pain (CLBP) being among the leading presenting complaints at specialist consultation. The exact burden of this disease is sparingly known in our setting. Objective: To evaluate the burden of chronic low back pain at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study for a period of 3 months, from March 2022 to May 2022. After obtaining ethical clearance and research authorisations, data was collected using structured questionnaires from patients with chronic low back pain presenting at the Yaounde Central Hospital during the aforementioned time frame. This data was then tabulated with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23.0), and disability was assessed using the modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index. Data analysis was done using the International Business Machines Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS) VERSION 23.0. Results: 115 cases of CLBP were included. The mean age was 52.62 years, and the sex ratio was 0.3. The average monthly income was less than 50,000 frs CFA, in 37.4% of cases. In 57.9%, patients had a job that involved physical labour. The patients had a secondary level of education in 40.9%, and alcohol consumption was observed in 36%. The average number of days of a work stoppage due to LBP was 12.75 days (±12SD), and the median duration of CLBP was 7.15 (7.5SD) years. The median pain intensity was 7 (±2SD), with leg pain and sensory neuropathy observed in 67.8% and 63.5% respectively. Lumbar X-ray was done in 45.2% and revealed lumbar osteoarthrosis in 62.4%. Hypertension as a comorbidity was observed in 26.1%. Medical treatment was used at least once in 98.3% of cases. The average cost of management per month was assessed, and the median was 52,000 FCFA (±20,876 SD). Using the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, 46 patients, that is 40% of the study population, were classified as severely disabled with a median ODI score of 40%. The factors which were independently associated with disability were level of education, alcohol consumption, treatment modality, pain intensity, body mass index (BMI), psychological wellbeing and number of sick leave days. Conclusion: Chronic low back pain is common in our setting. There is a female predominance with the mean age of the study population situated in the 5th decade. Low-income earners and patients with a job involving physical labour were the most affected. Medical treatment was the main therapeutic modality, with the average cost of management per month being above the average monthly income of the greater majority of the patients. Several factors influenced disability, some of which were independently associated with it, such as level of education, alcohol consumption and treatment modality.展开更多
Still common in developing countries, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is not only a disease of children and adolescents, but can also occur in adults. At this age, the diagnosis of rheumatic flare-ups can be difficult due...Still common in developing countries, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is not only a disease of children and adolescents, but can also occur in adults. At this age, the diagnosis of rheumatic flare-ups can be difficult due to the frequency of other types of joint diseases and the existence of degenerative and dystrophic valve disease. In adults, the initial rheumatic attack is marked by the predominance of joint damage over cardiac damage. However, it is often at this age that rheumatic valve disease is discovered. The revised Jones criteria also find their place in the diagnosis of AAR in adults. Objective: To study the demographic, clinical, and biological characteristics of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) in the General Medicine Department of the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive observational study examined the demographic, clinical and biological characteristics of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) at the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital, Guinea, between April 1 and September 31, 2021 according to Jones criteria. The data were collected on a form containing sociodemographic variables (age, sex, profession), rheumatological, cardiac, pulmonary and neurological clinical signs, biological variables and treatment. Results: Figure 1 shows the flow of the hospital frequency of the RAA in the General Medicine Department of the Prefectural Hospital of Siguiri. During the study period, 420 patients were hospitalized, of whom 161 patients had AAR, a frequency of 38.33%. Table 1 shows the distribution of patients diagnosed with ARB, by sociodemographic characteristics. The average age was 44.7 ± 19.78 years and the extremes of 14 and 90 years, the female sex dominated with a ratio of 0.75. The informal sector was in the majority in 45.34% of cases and most were illiterate, i.e. 53.42%. In our study, the incidence was lower during the dry season than during the rainy season, a hot season with high rainfall and humidity, the rainy period was a provider with a peak in August and September. The lifestyle was characterized by overcrowding in 87.58% of patients. The main complaint was fever, i.e. 88.82%. Rheumatological manifestations such as arthritis were 98.14%, chest pain was 37.89% (61 cases). The diagnosis was confirmed by ASLO titration in 85.71% of patients and 98.55% (136 cases) had a titration greater than 400 U/ml. Conclusion: The results obtained from our study show a high prevalence of acute rheumatic fever, which makes it a worrying health problem in the Siguiri health district. Young female adult patients, married with an informal profession and not in school residing in Siguiri were the most encountered in our study. The main functional signs mentioned by the patients were fever, cough and abdominal pain;osteoarticular pain and chest pain dominated the clinical picture. Almost all of our patients had an ASLO titer greater than 400 U/ml and a positive C-reactive protein. Our results show a high risk of spread of acute rheumatic fever within the population of Siguiri. Due to the serious complications caused by acute rheumatic fever, particular attention must be paid to it by carrying out other, much larger studies in order to identify the problem of RAA.展开更多
In reward-based crowdfunding, projects are to disclose the operational risks and mitigation strategies for delivering the physical rewards during the funding phase. However, limited knowledge exists regarding projects...In reward-based crowdfunding, projects are to disclose the operational risks and mitigation strategies for delivering the physical rewards during the funding phase. However, limited knowledge exists regarding projects’ operational risks and mitigation strategies during the funding phase. In contributing to the literature, the study uses data on Kickstarter.com and conducts a content analysis to explore themes and their relationships. The results reveal various operational risks and associated mitigation strategies. Among the identified themes, product-related, contract manufacturers, and supply markets are the most expected risks, while outsourced production and proactive sourcing are the popular mitigation strategies. Also, the finding reveals that proactive sourcing and outsourced production, in-house production and post-campaign sourcing, contract manufacturer risk, and project internal risk are themes forming clusters. The results extend crowdfunding risk disclosure literature and set the tone for future research in crowdfunding operational risk management. Finally, other business implications are drawn for crowdfunding practitioners.展开更多
Air quality is a critical factor in maintaining health and well-being, influencing both current conditions and future outcomes. Hospitals are one of the sensitive areas of our society, for they are built as sanctuarie...Air quality is a critical factor in maintaining health and well-being, influencing both current conditions and future outcomes. Hospitals are one of the sensitive areas of our society, for they are built as sanctuaries for treatment and recovery, making the quality of paramount importance. This study investigates the impact of traffic-related emissions on indoor air quality within a Level 5 Hospital outpatient ward. Measurements were taken over five consecutive days, revealing that while CO2 levels generally remained within safe limits, there were instances where concentrations exceeded 3000 ppm, categorizing them as “Hazardous.” Notably, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) levels fluctuated significantly, with peak concentrations observed during working hours correlating with increased vehicle activity. The data indicated that PM2.5 levels reached as high as 75 µg/m3, with 91.68% of recorded values exceeding the World Health Organization’s (WHO) and Environmental Protection Agency 24-hour mean threshold of 25 µg/m3. Similarly, PM10 concentrations peaked at 120 µg/m3, with 61.19% of values surpassing the WHO threshold of 50 µg/m3, both of which pose serious health risks, particularly to vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, infants, and the elderly. Additionally, the study highlighted the critical role of wind direction in pollutant dispersion, with specific patterns contributing to elevated indoor concentrations. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and proactive air quality management strategies in healthcare facilities, including the strategic design of hospital wards away from primary emission sources and the promotion of electric vehicle use to mitigate traffic-related emissions.展开更多
Objective: This study evaluates the impact of handshake and information support on patients’ outcomes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It examines the effects on their physiological and psychological responses an...Objective: This study evaluates the impact of handshake and information support on patients’ outcomes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It examines the effects on their physiological and psychological responses and overall satisfaction with nursing care. Methods: A total of 84 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were selected through convenient sampling and randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention group using a random number table. Each group consisted of 42 patients. The control group received standard surgical nursing care. In addition to standard care, the intervention group received handshake and information support from the circulating nurse before anesthesia induction. Vital signs were recorded before surgery and before anesthesia induction. Anxiety levels were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the State-Anxiety Inventory (S-AI), while nursing satisfaction was assessed using a numerical rating scale. Results: No significant differences were found between the two groups in systolic and diastolic blood pressures before surgery and anesthesia induction (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in heart rate before anesthesia induction (P Conclusion: Providing handshake and information support before anesthesia induction effectively reduces stress, alleviates anxiety, and enhances comfort and satisfaction among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.展开更多
Background: For nursing students, gathering social information is essential for understanding healthcare and social issues and developing critical thinking and decision-making skills. However, the choice of informatio...Background: For nursing students, gathering social information is essential for understanding healthcare and social issues and developing critical thinking and decision-making skills. However, the choice of information sources varies by age and individual habits. With the widespread use of the internet, there are notable differences between younger and older generations in their reliance on the internet versus traditional media sources like newspapers and television. Given the wide age range and diverse backgrounds of nursing students, understanding generational differences in information-gathering methods is important for implementing effective education. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify how nursing students in different age groups obtain social information and to examine media usage trends by age group. Additionally, we aim to use the findings to provide insights into effective information dissemination methods in nursing education. Results: The results showed that nursing students in their teens to forties, regardless of gender, primarily relied on the internet as their main information source, with television playing a secondary role. In contrast, students in their fifties tended to obtain information more often from newspapers and television than from the internet. This highlights an age-related difference in preferred information sources, with older students showing a greater reliance on traditional media. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that nursing students use different information-gathering methods based on their age, suggesting a need to custo-mize information dissemination strategies in nursing education. Digital media may be more effective for younger students, while traditional media or printed materials might better serve older students. Educational institutions should consider these generational differences in media usage and adopt strategies that meet the diverse needs of their student populations.展开更多
BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis(NF)is a potentially fatal bacterial infection of the soft tissues.Liver cirrhosis appears to be a contributing factor to higher morbidity and mor-tality in patients with NF.This resear...BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis(NF)is a potentially fatal bacterial infection of the soft tissues.Liver cirrhosis appears to be a contributing factor to higher morbidity and mor-tality in patients with NF.This research article explores the relationship between these two conditions.AIM To evaluate whether liver cirrhosis increases morbidity and mortality in patients with NF,focusing on inpatient mortality,septic shock,length of stay,and hospital costs.METHODS This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project 2019 National Inpatient Sample.Cases were identified as pa-tients with both NF and cirrhosis,while controls were non-cirrhotic.The study focused on inpatient mortality as the primary outcome,with secondary outcomes including surgical limb amputation,mechanical ventilation rates,septic shock,length of stay,and hospital costs.RESULTS A total of 14920 patients were admitted to the hospital for management of NF,of which 2.11%had liver cirrhosis.Inpatient mortality was higher in cirrhotic patients(9.5%vs 3%;adjusted odds ratio=3.78;P value=0.02).Cirrhotic patients also had higher rates of septic shock(10.5%vs 4.9%,P value<0.01).Length of hospital stay,total charges,and rates of mechanical ventilation were not statistically different between groups.CONCLUSION Liver cirrhosis is an independent risk factor of in-hospital mortality and morbidity in patients with NF.Clinicians should be aware of this association to ensure better clinical outcomes and spare healthcare expenditure.展开更多
With the advancement of the new medical reform,public hospitals face numerous challenges and opportunities,making the optimization of human resource allocation a critical priority.This paper analyzes the requirements ...With the advancement of the new medical reform,public hospitals face numerous challenges and opportunities,making the optimization of human resource allocation a critical priority.This paper analyzes the requirements imposed by the new medical reform on human resource allocation in public hospitals,examines existing issues such as an unbalanced personnel structure,unscientific job design,and an inadequate talent mobility mechanism,and proposes corresponding optimization strategies.These strategies include improving the recruitment and selection process,scientifically planning job structures,and establishing a flexible talent mobility mechanism.The goal is to enhance the quality of medical services,improve hospital operational efficiency,and promote the sustainable development of public hospitals.展开更多
With the continuous advancement of information technology,traditional teaching management models can no longer meet the demands of modern laboratory management.Information management,characterized by efficiency,conven...With the continuous advancement of information technology,traditional teaching management models can no longer meet the demands of modern laboratory management.Information management,characterized by efficiency,convenience,and intelligence,provides new ideas and directions for reforming laboratory teaching management models in higher education.Based on this,this paper explores reform strategies and practical approaches for laboratory teaching management models from the perspective of information management,aiming to offer references for enhancing the modernization and intelligentization of laboratory teaching management.展开更多
文摘Background: The availability of essential medicines and medical supplies is crucial for effectively delivering healthcare services. In Zambia, the Logistics Management Information System (LMIS) is a key tool for managing the supply chain of these commodities. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of LMIS in ensuring the availability of essential medicines and medical supplies in public hospitals in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia. Materials and Methods: From February to April 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 12 public hospitals across the Copperbelt Province. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, checklists, and stock control cards. The study assessed LMIS availability, training, and knowledge among pharmacy personnel, as well as data accuracy, product availability, and order fill rates. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. Results: All surveyed hospitals had LMIS implemented and were using eLMIS as the primary LMIS. Only 47% and 48% of pharmacy personnel received training in eLMIS and Essential Medicines Logistics Improvement Program (EMLIP), respectively. Most personnel demonstrated good knowledge of LMIS, with 77.7% able to log in to eLMIS Facility Edition, 76.6% able to locate stock control cards in the system, and 78.7% able to perform transactions. However, data accuracy from physical and electronic records varied from 0% to 60%, and product availability ranged from 50% to 80%. Order fill rates from Zambia Medicines and Medical Supplies Agency (ZAMMSA) were consistently below 30%. Discrepancies were observed between physical stock counts and eLMIS records. Conclusion: This study found that most hospitals in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia have implemented LMIS use. While LMIS implementation is high in the Copperbelt Province of Zambia, challenges such as low training levels, data inaccuracies, low product availability, and order fill rates persist. Addressing these issues requires a comprehensive approach, including capacity building, data quality improvement, supply chain coordination, and investment in infrastructure and human resources. Strengthening LMIS effectiveness is crucial for improving healthcare delivery and patient outcomes in Zambia.
文摘To further enhance the overall service quality of China’s hospitals and improve the trust of the majority of patients in hospitals,this paper takes intelligent hospital management as the object of study,analyzes the importance of electronic information engineering technology applied in hospital management,and discusses the specific application methods of electronic information engineering in hospital management.This aims the existing problems in the current hospital management,such as insufficient degree of informatization,data sharing difficulties,lack of professionals,etc.Corresponding improvement measures are proposed,including strengthening the construction of informatization,promoting data sharing,and cultivating professionals.It is hoped that this study will enable the majority of hospital managers to make better use of electronic information engineering technology to effectively solve the current problems faced by hospitals and to continuously improve the comprehensive competitiveness of China’s hospitals.
文摘Objective: To review, categorise, and synthesise findings from literature on health information technology (HIT) functionalities, HIT use, and the impact of HIT on hospital performance. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic integrative literature review based on a compre-hensive database search. To organise, categorise and synthesise the ex-isting literature, we adopted the affordance actualization theory. To align the literature with our research framework, we used four categories: 1) the functionalities of HIT and how these functionalities are measured;2) use and immediate outcomes of HIT functionalities;3) different perfor-mance indicators and how HIT functionalities affect them;and 4) what hospital characteristics influence the outcome of hospital performance. Results: Fifty-two studies were included. We identified four types of HIT. Only ten studies (19.2%) define the use of HIT by explicitly meas-uring the use rate of HIT. We identified five dimensions of hospital per-formance indicators. Every dimension showed mixed results;however, in general, HIT has a positive impact on mortality and patient readmis-sions. We found several hospital characteristics that may affect the rela-tionship between HIT and hospital-level outcomes. Discussion: Further efforts should focus on embedded research on HIT functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementations with more performance indicators and adjusted for hospital characteristics. Conclusion: The proposed framework could help hospitals and researchers make decisions regard-ing the functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementation in hospi-tals. Given our research outcomes, we suggest future research opportuni-ties to improve understanding of how HIT affects hospital performance. .
基金supported by the project“GEF9874:Strengthening Coordinated Approaches to Reduce Invasive Alien Species(lAS)Threats to Globally Significant Agrobiodiversity and Agroecosystems in China”funding from the Excellent Talent Training Funding Project in Dongcheng District,Beijing,with project number 2024-dchrcpyzz-9.
文摘Ecological monitoring vehicles are equipped with a range of sensors and monitoring devices designed to gather data on ecological and environmental factors.These vehicles are crucial in various fields,including environmental science research,ecological and environmental monitoring projects,disaster response,and emergency management.A key method employed in these vehicles for achieving high-precision positioning is LiDAR(lightlaser detection and ranging)-Visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM).However,maintaining highprecision localization in complex scenarios,such as degraded environments or when dynamic objects are present,remains a significant challenge.To address this issue,we integrate both semantic and texture information from LiDAR and cameras to enhance the robustness and efficiency of data registration.Specifically,semantic information simplifies the modeling of scene elements,reducing the reliance on dense point clouds,which can be less efficient.Meanwhile,visual texture information complements LiDAR-Visual localization by providing additional contextual details.By incorporating semantic and texture details frompaired images and point clouds,we significantly improve the quality of data association,thereby increasing the success rate of localization.This approach not only enhances the operational capabilities of ecological monitoring vehicles in complex environments but also contributes to improving the overall efficiency and effectiveness of ecological monitoring and environmental protection efforts.
文摘Abortion is one of the leading causes of maternal death in Cameroon, despite numerous policies and strategies put in place to reduce it by 2030.This study aims to describe the epidemiologic aspects of abortions within hospitals in the city of Yaoundé in 2023. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with prospective data collection in the maternity wards of the Yaoundé Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital, and the Yaoundé Central Hospital for 7 months, from the 1st of November 2022 to the 31st of May 2023. The variables studied were demographic and clinical characteristics, means of recourse and post-abortion contraception. The frequency of abortions was calculated as the ratio of the number of abortions to the number of deliveries. The calculation of numbers and frequencies was used to describe the study population, and to highlight the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients recruited. Quantitative variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Data were collected numerically and classified according to type, then analyzed using Epi-info version 7.2 software. Microsoft Office Excel 2013 was used to produce figures and tables. Results: During the study period, 169 patients were selected out of 1882 patients who had consulted for gynaecological emergencies;but only 164 of them accepted to participate. The frequency of abortions was 9.6% (169/1882). The age group of 25 to 29 years was the most represented, with 29.3% (48/164). They were mainly single 76.2% (125/164), and housewives 33.5% (55/164). The notion of previous abortion was found in 30.5% (50/164) of them. Approximately 19.5% of patients (32/164) reported to have conceived while using contraception, 56.2% of whom (18/32) used male condoms. At the time of admission to the emergency unit, the predominant symptom was bleeding in 70.7% of cases. The abortions were mainly spontaneous, in 75% of cases (123/164). In cases of induced abortions, 24.4% (10/41) of them took place after 14 weeks. Unexpected pregnancy was the main reason for termination in 46.3% of cases (19/41). Regarding induced abortion, 58.54% (24/41) of them resorted to voluntary medical termination. The mortality rate was 1.2%. The acceptability rate of a modern contraceptive method before discharge was 31.7%. Conclusion: Although frequent in our environment, data relating to abortion remain under-evaluated. Abortions occur mainly among young, single women, with a still very high proportion of induced abortions. The acceptability of post-abortion contraception remains poor. Prevention of unwanted pregnancies and risk factors is necessary to reduce the burden of abortions in low-income countries.
文摘Background: Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health. Obesity occurs as a result of an imbalance in diet (energy intake) and physical activity (energy expended), multifactorial diseases due to obesogenic environment (availability of convenience food, media influence, etc.), psycho-social factors (social support systems, cultural/environmental influence, etc.) and genetic variants. Other causes are a subgroup of etiological factors (medications, diseases, immobilization, iatrogenic procedures, monogenic disease/genetic syndrome). Obesity is measured clinically by several common tools apart from body mass index (BMI), such as waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio, and neck circumference. WC and WHR are common tools for measuring central obesity while BMI measures generalized obesity. Aims: The goal of this study is to assess the prevalence of obesity amongst health workers of David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital, Uburu, Ebonyi state, Southeast Nigeria and to note the prevailing factors. A reliable estimate of the prevalence of obesity among health workers will contribute to the statistics needed to sway policymakers in the country to take urgent and substantial action on the increasing prevalence of obesity, especially in the healthcare industry. Methodology: The study was carried out between May 2024 and June 2024 at the David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital situated in Uburu, Ohaozara Local government area of Ebonyi state, Southeast Nigeria. The questionnaire was designed using the Finnish diabetic risk score (FINDRISC). It contained basic comprehending questions on age, gender, exposure to high blood pressure medication, and anthropometric measurement amongst others. Weight was taken with a portable weighing scale and height, with a stadiometer. Both were taken with shoes and headgear removed. The BMI was calculated using the weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m2). Result: Generally, the prevalence of obesity (>30 kg/m2) in this study was low 17.6% (38), Overweight (BMI 25 - 30), 38.9%, (84) healthy Weight, (BMI 18.5 - 24.9), 43.5% (94). The study revealed that a family history of diabetes was significantly related to higher BMI, with participants more likely to be overweight or obese (p = 0.00030). Similarly, participants with a personal history of diabetes were predominantly in the obese category (p = 0.00038). Waist circumference also showed a strong association with BMI, as larger waist measurements were more common among obese individuals (p = 9.2 × 10−8). In contrast, the analysis found no significant relationships between BMI and age, gender, high blood pressure, or exercise habits. Conclusion: The socio-demographic determinants of obesity in this study were gender, age < 45 years and exposure to exercise. These determinants should form the areas of focus for interventions such as health education and the design of work environments as environments designed to promote physical activities while working will reduce the prevalence of obesity in tertiary institutions.
文摘Acute coronary syndrome (SCA) is the clinical manifestation of myocardial suffering due to ischemia. Through this study, we aim to describe the management of acute coronary syndromes in the cardiology department of the National Ignace Deen Teaching Hospital in Conakry. We conducted a prospective, descriptive study, conducted from November 1, 2023, to May 31, 2024, on patients hospitalized for SCA. The hospital prevalence of acute coronary syndrome in our study was 22.9%. Male patients were the most represented (74.1%) with a sex ratio of 2.9. The age group of 60 - 65 predominates (47%) with an average age of 63 ± 15. Killip stage I was the most common on admission in 58%. In our series, 12 (%) were thrombolyzed by streptokinase, and 8 were successful. Angioplasty was performed in 6 patients, including 2 primary ones. The evolution was good in 65% of our patients.
文摘Introduction: Respiratory distress is a clinical condition accompanied by an increase in work of breathing, with the respiratory accessory muscles brought into play to ensure normal arterial oxygenation. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatrics. The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of respiratory distress in children aged between 1 month and 15 years seen in the emergency department of the Bangui paediatric university hospital. Methodology: This was a 3-month descriptive cross-sectional study, from January 1 to March 31, 2023. All children aged 1 month to less than 15 years presenting with respiratory distress were included. Results: A total of 3021 children were admitted to the emergency medical services of Bangui’s pediatric university hospital. Of these, 164 were included in the study. The predominance was male, with a sex ratio of 1.09. The 0 - 2 age group was the most represented, with 67 patients (42.85%). The majority of patients came from Bangui, accounting for 146 (89.02%) of cases. Respiratory difficulty (59.15%), characterized by dyspnea and cough, associated with fever, vomiting, physical asthenia and diarrhea, were the main reasons for consultation. The main pathologies noted were respiratory 92 (56.10%), followed by cardiac pathologies 21 (12.8%). Antibiotic administration (76.82%) was the most common therapeutic procedure used in the management of respiratory distress. Conclusion: Respiratory distress remains an important cause of infant mortality in our context, with major management problems.
文摘Introduction: Diabetes remains a real public health problem today, due to its associated morbidity and mortality. It induces numerous metabolic, biochemical, hematological, and immunological changes, responsible for multiple complications. The objective of this study was to characterize clinically and biologically type 2 diabetic patients followed at the National Center for Diabetology and Arterial Hypertension of the Central Hospital of Yaoundé. Method: This prospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study took place from April 5 to July 31, 2023 (4 months) on 100 diabetic patients of both sexes (61 women and 39 men), aged from 31 to 88 years. Body Mass Index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and cardiac frequency were measured on each of the patients. Subsequently, blood was collected from the patients for the determination of the complete blood count, HBA1c, lipid profile, serum albumin, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software. Results: The age average of our population was 56.99 ± 11.51 years, the population was primarily female (61%) and primarily between the ages of 55 and 88. 67% of respondents were married. 59% went to secondary school. 73% of them lived in urban areas. 30% were obese and 40% were overweight, with an average BMI of 28.75 kg/m2. 76% of patients took oral antidiabetic medications. HbA1c level average was 8.65%, with 60% having readings above 6.5%. Low hemoglobin and hypochromia were among the abnormalities of red blood cells observed. Lipid profiles revealed low HDL-cholesterol and high triglycerides and cholesterol. Elevated levels of TNF-α and IL-6 indicated inflammation and cardiovascular risk. Conclusion: These results indicate the necessity of focused diabetic care and management on diabetic patients attending the central hospital of Yaoundé, Cameroon.
文摘Introduction: The objective of this work was to study maternal deaths noted on arrival in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department at Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes over a period of 10 years. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with data collection over a period of 10 years;The data collection was retrospective over nine years from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2021 and prospective over one year from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. This study focused on all patients whose death was noted on arrival during pregnancy, labor or in the postpartum period in the Gynecology-Obstetrics Department of Fousseyni Daou Hospital. Confidentiality and anonymity were respected. The processing and analysis of statistical data were carried out using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: During the study period, we recorded 93 cases of death noted on arrival out of a total of 606 maternal deaths, i.e., a frequency of 15.34%. The average age was 27 years with the extremes of 20 years and 34 years. They came mainly from rural areas at 74%, were married at 82%, uneducated at 51.6%, housewives at 87.1%. The profession of the spouses is worker at 37.6%. In our sample, evacuated patients were the most represented with 75.3%. Postpartum hemorrhage was the most frequent reason for admission with 22.6%. The deceased patients had no medical history at 86%. In our series, 59.5% of the deceased patients had not had antenatal consultations (CPN). Patients who died on arrival and who had given birth at home were the most represented with 54.8%. Deaths from immediate postpartum hemorrhage complicated by shock were the most frequent with 25.8% followed by severe anemia 8.6%. Deaths were mainly due to direct obstetric causes at 76.3%. In these deaths observed on arrival, the 2nd delay was identified at 48.4%. Conclusion: Maternal deaths observed on arrival remain frequent in the Kayes region. The main causes are immediate postpartum hemorrhage and anemia, which are almost all preventable causes of maternal death following the 1st and 2nd delay.
文摘BACKGROUND With an increase in the elderly population,the frequency of hospitalizations in recent years has also risen at a rapid pace.This,in turn,has resulted in poor outcomes and costly treatments.Hospitalization rates increase in elderly patients due to a decline in glomerular filtration rate(GFR).AIM To investigate the connection between GFR and comorbidity and reasons for hospitalization in elderly patients.METHODS We analyzed patients aged 75 years and over who were admitted to the internal medicine clinic of a tertiary hospital in Eskisehir.At admission,we calculated GFR values using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study formula and classified them into six categories:G1,G2,G3a,G3b,G4,and G5.We analyzed associations with hospitalization diagnoses and comorbidity factors.RESULTS The average age of the patients was 80.8 years(±4.5 years).GFR was 57.287±29.5 mL/kg/1.73 m2 in women and 61.3±31.5 mL/kg/1.73 m2 in men(P=0.106).Most patients were admitted to the hospital at G2 stage(32.8%).The main reasons for hospitalization were anemia(34.4%and 28.6%)and malnutrition(20.9%and 20.8%)in women and men,respectively(P=0.078).The most frequent comor-bidity leading to hospitalization was arterial hypertension(n=168,28%),fo-llowed by diabetes(n=166,27.7%)(P=0.001).CONCLUSION When evaluating geriatric patients,low GFR alone does not provide sufficient information.Patients’comorbid factors should also be taken into account.There is no association between low GFR during hospitalization and hospitalization-Hamarat H.Aging and GFR related diagnoses.Knowing the GFR value before hospitalization will be more informative in such studies.
文摘Background: Chronic low back pain is a leading cause of morbidity and disability globally. Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) tend to be more affected, with chronic low back pain (CLBP) being among the leading presenting complaints at specialist consultation. The exact burden of this disease is sparingly known in our setting. Objective: To evaluate the burden of chronic low back pain at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study for a period of 3 months, from March 2022 to May 2022. After obtaining ethical clearance and research authorisations, data was collected using structured questionnaires from patients with chronic low back pain presenting at the Yaounde Central Hospital during the aforementioned time frame. This data was then tabulated with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23.0), and disability was assessed using the modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index. Data analysis was done using the International Business Machines Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS) VERSION 23.0. Results: 115 cases of CLBP were included. The mean age was 52.62 years, and the sex ratio was 0.3. The average monthly income was less than 50,000 frs CFA, in 37.4% of cases. In 57.9%, patients had a job that involved physical labour. The patients had a secondary level of education in 40.9%, and alcohol consumption was observed in 36%. The average number of days of a work stoppage due to LBP was 12.75 days (±12SD), and the median duration of CLBP was 7.15 (7.5SD) years. The median pain intensity was 7 (±2SD), with leg pain and sensory neuropathy observed in 67.8% and 63.5% respectively. Lumbar X-ray was done in 45.2% and revealed lumbar osteoarthrosis in 62.4%. Hypertension as a comorbidity was observed in 26.1%. Medical treatment was used at least once in 98.3% of cases. The average cost of management per month was assessed, and the median was 52,000 FCFA (±20,876 SD). Using the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, 46 patients, that is 40% of the study population, were classified as severely disabled with a median ODI score of 40%. The factors which were independently associated with disability were level of education, alcohol consumption, treatment modality, pain intensity, body mass index (BMI), psychological wellbeing and number of sick leave days. Conclusion: Chronic low back pain is common in our setting. There is a female predominance with the mean age of the study population situated in the 5th decade. Low-income earners and patients with a job involving physical labour were the most affected. Medical treatment was the main therapeutic modality, with the average cost of management per month being above the average monthly income of the greater majority of the patients. Several factors influenced disability, some of which were independently associated with it, such as level of education, alcohol consumption and treatment modality.
文摘Still common in developing countries, acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is not only a disease of children and adolescents, but can also occur in adults. At this age, the diagnosis of rheumatic flare-ups can be difficult due to the frequency of other types of joint diseases and the existence of degenerative and dystrophic valve disease. In adults, the initial rheumatic attack is marked by the predominance of joint damage over cardiac damage. However, it is often at this age that rheumatic valve disease is discovered. The revised Jones criteria also find their place in the diagnosis of AAR in adults. Objective: To study the demographic, clinical, and biological characteristics of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) in the General Medicine Department of the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital. Materials and Methods: This descriptive observational study examined the demographic, clinical and biological characteristics of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) at the Siguiri Prefectural Hospital, Guinea, between April 1 and September 31, 2021 according to Jones criteria. The data were collected on a form containing sociodemographic variables (age, sex, profession), rheumatological, cardiac, pulmonary and neurological clinical signs, biological variables and treatment. Results: Figure 1 shows the flow of the hospital frequency of the RAA in the General Medicine Department of the Prefectural Hospital of Siguiri. During the study period, 420 patients were hospitalized, of whom 161 patients had AAR, a frequency of 38.33%. Table 1 shows the distribution of patients diagnosed with ARB, by sociodemographic characteristics. The average age was 44.7 ± 19.78 years and the extremes of 14 and 90 years, the female sex dominated with a ratio of 0.75. The informal sector was in the majority in 45.34% of cases and most were illiterate, i.e. 53.42%. In our study, the incidence was lower during the dry season than during the rainy season, a hot season with high rainfall and humidity, the rainy period was a provider with a peak in August and September. The lifestyle was characterized by overcrowding in 87.58% of patients. The main complaint was fever, i.e. 88.82%. Rheumatological manifestations such as arthritis were 98.14%, chest pain was 37.89% (61 cases). The diagnosis was confirmed by ASLO titration in 85.71% of patients and 98.55% (136 cases) had a titration greater than 400 U/ml. Conclusion: The results obtained from our study show a high prevalence of acute rheumatic fever, which makes it a worrying health problem in the Siguiri health district. Young female adult patients, married with an informal profession and not in school residing in Siguiri were the most encountered in our study. The main functional signs mentioned by the patients were fever, cough and abdominal pain;osteoarticular pain and chest pain dominated the clinical picture. Almost all of our patients had an ASLO titer greater than 400 U/ml and a positive C-reactive protein. Our results show a high risk of spread of acute rheumatic fever within the population of Siguiri. Due to the serious complications caused by acute rheumatic fever, particular attention must be paid to it by carrying out other, much larger studies in order to identify the problem of RAA.
文摘In reward-based crowdfunding, projects are to disclose the operational risks and mitigation strategies for delivering the physical rewards during the funding phase. However, limited knowledge exists regarding projects’ operational risks and mitigation strategies during the funding phase. In contributing to the literature, the study uses data on Kickstarter.com and conducts a content analysis to explore themes and their relationships. The results reveal various operational risks and associated mitigation strategies. Among the identified themes, product-related, contract manufacturers, and supply markets are the most expected risks, while outsourced production and proactive sourcing are the popular mitigation strategies. Also, the finding reveals that proactive sourcing and outsourced production, in-house production and post-campaign sourcing, contract manufacturer risk, and project internal risk are themes forming clusters. The results extend crowdfunding risk disclosure literature and set the tone for future research in crowdfunding operational risk management. Finally, other business implications are drawn for crowdfunding practitioners.
文摘Air quality is a critical factor in maintaining health and well-being, influencing both current conditions and future outcomes. Hospitals are one of the sensitive areas of our society, for they are built as sanctuaries for treatment and recovery, making the quality of paramount importance. This study investigates the impact of traffic-related emissions on indoor air quality within a Level 5 Hospital outpatient ward. Measurements were taken over five consecutive days, revealing that while CO2 levels generally remained within safe limits, there were instances where concentrations exceeded 3000 ppm, categorizing them as “Hazardous.” Notably, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) levels fluctuated significantly, with peak concentrations observed during working hours correlating with increased vehicle activity. The data indicated that PM2.5 levels reached as high as 75 µg/m3, with 91.68% of recorded values exceeding the World Health Organization’s (WHO) and Environmental Protection Agency 24-hour mean threshold of 25 µg/m3. Similarly, PM10 concentrations peaked at 120 µg/m3, with 61.19% of values surpassing the WHO threshold of 50 µg/m3, both of which pose serious health risks, particularly to vulnerable populations such as pregnant women, infants, and the elderly. Additionally, the study highlighted the critical role of wind direction in pollutant dispersion, with specific patterns contributing to elevated indoor concentrations. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions and proactive air quality management strategies in healthcare facilities, including the strategic design of hospital wards away from primary emission sources and the promotion of electric vehicle use to mitigate traffic-related emissions.
文摘Objective: This study evaluates the impact of handshake and information support on patients’ outcomes during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It examines the effects on their physiological and psychological responses and overall satisfaction with nursing care. Methods: A total of 84 patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were selected through convenient sampling and randomly assigned to either the control group or the intervention group using a random number table. Each group consisted of 42 patients. The control group received standard surgical nursing care. In addition to standard care, the intervention group received handshake and information support from the circulating nurse before anesthesia induction. Vital signs were recorded before surgery and before anesthesia induction. Anxiety levels were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the State-Anxiety Inventory (S-AI), while nursing satisfaction was assessed using a numerical rating scale. Results: No significant differences were found between the two groups in systolic and diastolic blood pressures before surgery and anesthesia induction (P > 0.05). However, there was a significant difference in heart rate before anesthesia induction (P Conclusion: Providing handshake and information support before anesthesia induction effectively reduces stress, alleviates anxiety, and enhances comfort and satisfaction among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
文摘Background: For nursing students, gathering social information is essential for understanding healthcare and social issues and developing critical thinking and decision-making skills. However, the choice of information sources varies by age and individual habits. With the widespread use of the internet, there are notable differences between younger and older generations in their reliance on the internet versus traditional media sources like newspapers and television. Given the wide age range and diverse backgrounds of nursing students, understanding generational differences in information-gathering methods is important for implementing effective education. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify how nursing students in different age groups obtain social information and to examine media usage trends by age group. Additionally, we aim to use the findings to provide insights into effective information dissemination methods in nursing education. Results: The results showed that nursing students in their teens to forties, regardless of gender, primarily relied on the internet as their main information source, with television playing a secondary role. In contrast, students in their fifties tended to obtain information more often from newspapers and television than from the internet. This highlights an age-related difference in preferred information sources, with older students showing a greater reliance on traditional media. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that nursing students use different information-gathering methods based on their age, suggesting a need to custo-mize information dissemination strategies in nursing education. Digital media may be more effective for younger students, while traditional media or printed materials might better serve older students. Educational institutions should consider these generational differences in media usage and adopt strategies that meet the diverse needs of their student populations.
文摘BACKGROUND Necrotizing fasciitis(NF)is a potentially fatal bacterial infection of the soft tissues.Liver cirrhosis appears to be a contributing factor to higher morbidity and mor-tality in patients with NF.This research article explores the relationship between these two conditions.AIM To evaluate whether liver cirrhosis increases morbidity and mortality in patients with NF,focusing on inpatient mortality,septic shock,length of stay,and hospital costs.METHODS This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project 2019 National Inpatient Sample.Cases were identified as pa-tients with both NF and cirrhosis,while controls were non-cirrhotic.The study focused on inpatient mortality as the primary outcome,with secondary outcomes including surgical limb amputation,mechanical ventilation rates,septic shock,length of stay,and hospital costs.RESULTS A total of 14920 patients were admitted to the hospital for management of NF,of which 2.11%had liver cirrhosis.Inpatient mortality was higher in cirrhotic patients(9.5%vs 3%;adjusted odds ratio=3.78;P value=0.02).Cirrhotic patients also had higher rates of septic shock(10.5%vs 4.9%,P value<0.01).Length of hospital stay,total charges,and rates of mechanical ventilation were not statistically different between groups.CONCLUSION Liver cirrhosis is an independent risk factor of in-hospital mortality and morbidity in patients with NF.Clinicians should be aware of this association to ensure better clinical outcomes and spare healthcare expenditure.
文摘With the advancement of the new medical reform,public hospitals face numerous challenges and opportunities,making the optimization of human resource allocation a critical priority.This paper analyzes the requirements imposed by the new medical reform on human resource allocation in public hospitals,examines existing issues such as an unbalanced personnel structure,unscientific job design,and an inadequate talent mobility mechanism,and proposes corresponding optimization strategies.These strategies include improving the recruitment and selection process,scientifically planning job structures,and establishing a flexible talent mobility mechanism.The goal is to enhance the quality of medical services,improve hospital operational efficiency,and promote the sustainable development of public hospitals.
文摘With the continuous advancement of information technology,traditional teaching management models can no longer meet the demands of modern laboratory management.Information management,characterized by efficiency,convenience,and intelligence,provides new ideas and directions for reforming laboratory teaching management models in higher education.Based on this,this paper explores reform strategies and practical approaches for laboratory teaching management models from the perspective of information management,aiming to offer references for enhancing the modernization and intelligentization of laboratory teaching management.
