Trimethyltin chloride(TMT)is a potent neurotoxin to cause neurodegeneration,especially in hippocampus.This study aimed to identify dietary components that can effectively attenuate TMT-induced neurodegeneration in hum...Trimethyltin chloride(TMT)is a potent neurotoxin to cause neurodegeneration,especially in hippocampus.This study aimed to identify dietary components that can effectively attenuate TMT-induced neurodegeneration in humans.The predominant anthocyanin in human diets,cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(C3G,5 or 50 mg/kg),was given to mice for 16 days,and TMT(2.7 mg/kg)was injected intraperitoneally once on the eighth day.C3G(50 mg/kg)significantly alleviated TMT-induced seizures and subsequent cognitive impairment by ameliorating hippocampal neurodegeneration and synaptic dysfunction.Furthermore,C3G treatment restored glutamate homeostasis in brain and reversed glutamine synthetase(GS)inhibition in reactive astrogliosis and neuroinflammation,which are critical for C3G's neuroprotective effects.Notably,C3G decreased the lipopolysaccharide,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1βlevels in the mice,which potentially by modulating the relative abundance of Atopobiaceae and Lachnospiraceae in the gut.C3G may be a promising and practical dietary component for reducing TMT-induced neurodegeneration.展开更多
Emerging evidence shows that dietary oligosaccharides are important prebiotics that can improve intestinal flora,while dietary polyphenols can act directly on intestinal cells.However,information about their synergist...Emerging evidence shows that dietary oligosaccharides are important prebiotics that can improve intestinal flora,while dietary polyphenols can act directly on intestinal cells.However,information about their synergistic effects on gut health is still limited.In this study,alginate oligosaccharide(AOS)and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(C3G)were selected as a common marine plant oligosaccharide and terrestrial plant polyphenol,respectively,to study their effects on intestinal health.The results show that,in comparison to their individual applications,the combination of AOS and C3G(mass ratio,3:1)displayed a stronger ability to up-regulate the expression of tight junction proteins,while enhanced intestinal epithelial barrier was also observed and levels of mucin-2 andβ-defensins were simultaneously increased in the intestinal mucus.Interestingly,the secretion of immunoglobulin A and immune-related cytokines were approximately doubled by the AOS+C3G mixture.In addition,the AOS+C3G mixture was found to be more conducive to the positive transformation of intestinal flora,which stimulated the growth of beneficial bacteria Akkermansia,Lachnospiraceae and Feacalibaculum while inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria Helicobacter and Turicibacter.The data generated herein thus suggests that dietary oligosaccharides and dietary polyphenols may be more beneficial to intestinal health when applied in combination than their individual effects alone.展开更多
Objective To investigate whether the antioxidation and the regulation on the Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases （ERK） signaling pathway are involved in the protective effects of blueberry on central nervous sys...Objective To investigate whether the antioxidation and the regulation on the Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases （ERK） signaling pathway are involved in the protective effects of blueberry on central nervous system. Methods 30 Senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 （SAMP8） mice were divided into three groups and treated with normal diet, blueberry extracts （200 mg/kg.bw/day） and cyaniding-3-O-galactoside （Cy-3-GAL） （50 mg/kg.bw/day） from blueberry for 8 weeks. 10 SAMR1 mice were set as control group. The capacity of spatial memory was assessed by Passive avoidance task and Morris water maze. Histological analyses on hippocampus were completed. Malondialdehyde （MDA） levels, Superoxide Dismutase （SOD） activity and the expression of ERK were detected. Results Both Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts were shown effective functions to relieve cellular injury, improve hippocampal neurons survival and inhibit the pyramidal cell layer damage. Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts also increased SOD activity and reduced MDA content in brain tissues and plasma, and increased hippocampal phosphorylated ERK （p-ERK） expression in SAMP8 mice. Further more, the passive avoidance task test showed that both the latency time and the number of errors were improved by Cy-3-GAL treatment, and the Morris Water Maze test showed significant decreases of latency were detected by Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts treatment on day 4. Conclusion Blueberry extracts may reverse the declines of cognitive and behavioral function in the ageing process through several pathways, including enhancing the capacity of antioxidation, altering stress signaling. Cy-3-GAL may be an important active ingredient for these biological effects.展开更多
An increase in oxidative stress plays a key role in neurotoxicity induction and cell death, which leads to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) i...An increase in oxidative stress plays a key role in neurotoxicity induction and cell death, which leads to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a common anthocyanin and shows antioxidant activity in neuronal cells. Silent information regulator 2-related protein 1 (Sirt1) regulates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of C3G on Sirt1 in neuronal cells remain unclear. This study evaluated the effect of C3G on Sirt1 expression and activity in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. In the study, C3G increased the expression of Sirt1 and Sirt1 activity in SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, C3G increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, a vital transcription factor for regulating the expression of antioxidant genes, as well as antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Moreover, C3G protected SH-SY5Y cells from oxidative stress. These results suggest that C3G decreased oxidative stress-induced cell injury by increasing the expression of Sirt1 and other antioxidant factors. Therefore, C3G might merit further investigation for use in attenuating the progress of neurodegenerative diseases.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81903275)the fund of Cultivation Project of Double First-Class Disciplines of Food Science and Engineering,Beijing Technology&Business University(BTBUYXTD202203)。
文摘Trimethyltin chloride(TMT)is a potent neurotoxin to cause neurodegeneration,especially in hippocampus.This study aimed to identify dietary components that can effectively attenuate TMT-induced neurodegeneration in humans.The predominant anthocyanin in human diets,cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(C3G,5 or 50 mg/kg),was given to mice for 16 days,and TMT(2.7 mg/kg)was injected intraperitoneally once on the eighth day.C3G(50 mg/kg)significantly alleviated TMT-induced seizures and subsequent cognitive impairment by ameliorating hippocampal neurodegeneration and synaptic dysfunction.Furthermore,C3G treatment restored glutamate homeostasis in brain and reversed glutamine synthetase(GS)inhibition in reactive astrogliosis and neuroinflammation,which are critical for C3G's neuroprotective effects.Notably,C3G decreased the lipopolysaccharide,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1βlevels in the mice,which potentially by modulating the relative abundance of Atopobiaceae and Lachnospiraceae in the gut.C3G may be a promising and practical dietary component for reducing TMT-induced neurodegeneration.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1605003-3)Fujian Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(2020J06024).
文摘Emerging evidence shows that dietary oligosaccharides are important prebiotics that can improve intestinal flora,while dietary polyphenols can act directly on intestinal cells.However,information about their synergistic effects on gut health is still limited.In this study,alginate oligosaccharide(AOS)and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside(C3G)were selected as a common marine plant oligosaccharide and terrestrial plant polyphenol,respectively,to study their effects on intestinal health.The results show that,in comparison to their individual applications,the combination of AOS and C3G(mass ratio,3:1)displayed a stronger ability to up-regulate the expression of tight junction proteins,while enhanced intestinal epithelial barrier was also observed and levels of mucin-2 andβ-defensins were simultaneously increased in the intestinal mucus.Interestingly,the secretion of immunoglobulin A and immune-related cytokines were approximately doubled by the AOS+C3G mixture.In addition,the AOS+C3G mixture was found to be more conducive to the positive transformation of intestinal flora,which stimulated the growth of beneficial bacteria Akkermansia,Lachnospiraceae and Feacalibaculum while inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria Helicobacter and Turicibacter.The data generated herein thus suggests that dietary oligosaccharides and dietary polyphenols may be more beneficial to intestinal health when applied in combination than their individual effects alone.
基金supported by the grant of National Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(09JCYBJC12900)
文摘Objective To investigate whether the antioxidation and the regulation on the Extracellular Regulated Protein Kinases （ERK） signaling pathway are involved in the protective effects of blueberry on central nervous system. Methods 30 Senescence-accelerated mice prone 8 （SAMP8） mice were divided into three groups and treated with normal diet, blueberry extracts （200 mg/kg.bw/day） and cyaniding-3-O-galactoside （Cy-3-GAL） （50 mg/kg.bw/day） from blueberry for 8 weeks. 10 SAMR1 mice were set as control group. The capacity of spatial memory was assessed by Passive avoidance task and Morris water maze. Histological analyses on hippocampus were completed. Malondialdehyde （MDA） levels, Superoxide Dismutase （SOD） activity and the expression of ERK were detected. Results Both Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts were shown effective functions to relieve cellular injury, improve hippocampal neurons survival and inhibit the pyramidal cell layer damage. Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts also increased SOD activity and reduced MDA content in brain tissues and plasma, and increased hippocampal phosphorylated ERK （p-ERK） expression in SAMP8 mice. Further more, the passive avoidance task test showed that both the latency time and the number of errors were improved by Cy-3-GAL treatment, and the Morris Water Maze test showed significant decreases of latency were detected by Cy-3-GAL and blueberry extracts treatment on day 4. Conclusion Blueberry extracts may reverse the declines of cognitive and behavioral function in the ageing process through several pathways, including enhancing the capacity of antioxidation, altering stress signaling. Cy-3-GAL may be an important active ingredient for these biological effects.
文摘An increase in oxidative stress plays a key role in neurotoxicity induction and cell death, which leads to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is a common anthocyanin and shows antioxidant activity in neuronal cells. Silent information regulator 2-related protein 1 (Sirt1) regulates antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of C3G on Sirt1 in neuronal cells remain unclear. This study evaluated the effect of C3G on Sirt1 expression and activity in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. In the study, C3G increased the expression of Sirt1 and Sirt1 activity in SH-SY5Y cells. Additionally, C3G increased the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, a vital transcription factor for regulating the expression of antioxidant genes, as well as antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase. Moreover, C3G protected SH-SY5Y cells from oxidative stress. These results suggest that C3G decreased oxidative stress-induced cell injury by increasing the expression of Sirt1 and other antioxidant factors. Therefore, C3G might merit further investigation for use in attenuating the progress of neurodegenerative diseases.
