Carcinosarcoma(CS),also known as metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation,is one of the five distinct subtypes of metaplastic breast cancer.It is considered as a mixed,biphasic neoplasm consisting...Carcinosarcoma(CS),also known as metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation,is one of the five distinct subtypes of metaplastic breast cancer.It is considered as a mixed,biphasic neoplasm consisting of a carcinomatous component combined with a malignant nonepithelial element of mesenchymal origin without an intermediate transition zone.Although cellular origin of this neoplasm remains controversial,most researchers declare that neoplastic cells derive from a cellular structure with potential biphasic differentiation.Despite recent research on the therapeutic strategies against CS neoplastic disorders,surgical resection appears the only potentially curative approach.Since CS metastasize by the lymphatic route,axillary assessment with sentinel lymph node biopsy and/or axillary lymph node dissection is always implemented.Nevertheless,the tumor also presents a hematogenous metastatic pattern including pleural,pulmonary,liver,brain and less commonly bone metastases.Thus,surgical removal of breast CS does not necessarily ensure patient’s long-term recovery.Moreover,alternative therapies,such as radio-and chemotherapy proved insufficient and 5-year survival rate is limited.Nevertheless,there is evidence that following surgery,the combination of radio and chemotherapy is associated with a better prognosis than either treatment alone.The aim of this review is to evaluate the results of surgical treatment for breast CS with special reference to the extent of its histological spread.Clinical features,histogenesis,morphological and immunochemical findings are discussed,while the role of current diagnostic and therapeutic management of this aggressive neoplasm is emphasized.展开更多
Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors,but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1(PD-1),programmed cell death ligand-...Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors,but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1(PD-1),programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1),and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4(CTLA-4)show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers.B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule,but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains unclear.Methods:We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program(TCGA)and the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)databases.MicroRNAs were selected using the TarBase,miRTarBase,and miRBase databases.The regulatory role of the microRNA hsa-miR-214-3p on B7H3 was investigated through dual-luciferase reporter assays,which identified the specific action sites of interaction.The expression levels of B7H3 and hsa-miR-214-3p in human breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were quantified using Western blotting and quantitative PCR(qPCR).In vitro experiments were performed to observe the effects of modulating the expression of B7H3 or hsa-miR-214-3p on breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis.Additionally,the regulatory impact of hsa-miR-214-3p on B7H3 was examined.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)and flow cytometry were employed to assess the effects of co-cultured breast cancer cells and normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)on immune cells and associated cytokines.Results:In breast cancer tissues,the expression level of B7H3 is inversely correlated with that of hsa-miR-214-3p,as well as with the regulatory effects on breast cancercell behavior.Hsa-miR-214-3p was found to inhibit breast cancer cell growth by downregulating B7H3.Importantly,our research identified,for the first time,two binding sites for hsa-miR-214-3p on the 3’UTR of B7H3,both of which exert similar effects independently.Co-culture experiments revealed that hsamiR-214-3p obstructs the suppressive function of B7H3 on CD8^(+)T cells and natural killer cells.Conclusions:This study confirms the existence of two hsa-miR-214-3p binding sites on the 3’UTR of B7H3,reinforcing the role of hsamiR-214-3p as a regulatory factor for B7H3.In breast cancer,hsa-miR-214-3p reduces tumor cell proliferation and enhances the tumor immune microenvironment by downregulating B7H3.These findings suggest new potential targets for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.展开更多
Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autoph...Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis,and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors.In contrast to targeting protein activity,intervention with proteinprotein interaction(PPI)can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways.Methods:Here,we employed Naive Bayes,Decision Tree,and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI network associated with autophagy in TNBC,aiming to uncover novel therapeutic targets.Meanwhile,the candidate proteins interacting with Beclin 2 were initially screened in MDA-MB-231 cells using Beclin 2 as bait protein by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay,and the interaction relationship was verified by molecular docking and CO-IP experiments after intersection.Colony formation,cellular immunofluorescence,cell scratch and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)tests were used to predict the clinical therapeutic effects of manipulating candidate PPI.Results:By developing three PPI classification models and analyzing over 13,000 datasets,we identified 3733 previously unknown autophagy-related PPIs.Our network analysis revealed the central role of Beclin 2 in autophagy regulation,uncovering its interactions with 39 newly identified proteins.Notably,the CO-IP studies identified the substantial interaction between Beclin 2 and Ubiquilin 1,which was anticipated by our model and discovered in immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay results.Subsequently,in vitro investigations showed that overexpressing Beclin 2 increased Ubiquilin 1,promoted autophagy-dependent cell death,and inhibited proliferation and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusions:This study not only enhances our understanding of autophagy regulation in TNBC but also identifies the Beclin 2-Ubiquilin 1 axis as a promising target for precision therapy.These findings open new avenues for drug discovery and offer inspiration for more effective treatments for this aggressive cancer subtype.展开更多
BACKGROUND The programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor pembrolizumab has become a key treatment for various cancers,including triple-negative breast cancer.However,it is associated with immune-related adverse events...BACKGROUND The programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor pembrolizumab has become a key treatment for various cancers,including triple-negative breast cancer.However,it is associated with immune-related adverse events,including rare but serious neurological complications such as Guillain-Barrésyndrome(GBS).GBS is a potentially life-threatening autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness and paralysis.We present a unique case of pembrolizumab-induced GBS to highlight the importance of recognizing this complication and managing it promptly in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old woman with a medical history of hypertension,anxiety,depression,and stage IIIB triple-negative breast cancer treated with pembrolizumab,carboplatin,and paclitaxel,presented to the emergency department with a 1-month history of tingling,lower extremity weakness,and shooting pain.Symptoms progressed to global weakness,ascending paralysis,and double vision.Neurological examination revealed significant lower extremity weakness and sensory deficits.Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine and cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed GBS.Initial treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin led to relapse,requiring additional intravenous immunoglobulin and high-dose glucocorticoids.The patient’s condition improved,pembrolizumab therapy was permanently discontinued,and she was discharged to a rehabilitation facility.CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab can induce GBS,necessitating early recognition,prompt diagnosis,and multidisciplinary management to prevent serious complications.展开更多
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The term epidemiology generally deals with the branch of medicine and treatment that deals with a specific incident. Thus, considering the topic of breast...Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The term epidemiology generally deals with the branch of medicine and treatment that deals with a specific incident. Thus, considering the topic of breast cancer, this particular study deals with the distribution, determinants, and frequency of the disease. Breast cancer incidence and death data are critical to determining healthcare priorities. Women’s cancer is the most common, accounting for 25.1 percent of all malignancies. According to this specific report, more than 42,000 women die from breast cancer each year. Hence, it is apparent that it is the second leading cause of death among women, especially in the US. Family history/genetics, reproductive, hormone, benign proliferative breast disease, and mammographic density are the four main risk factors for breast cancer that can be meaningfully categorized. These elements are briefly discussed, and the risk estimators are provided. Numerous screening technologies have found breast cancer;some are linked to an increased risk of breast cancer, such as ultrasound techniques and MRI scanning. Breast cancer is more common in developed countries, while relative mortality is highest in developing countries. Women’s education is recommended for early detection and treatment in all nations. Health policymakers must prioritize plans to control and prevent this malignancy and increase awareness of risk factors and early detection in less developed countries.展开更多
Introduction: Considering a disease of postmenopausal women, there is a noted trend of increasing breast cancer cases among premenopausal women. Our study aimed to determine the main risk factors for breast cancer in ...Introduction: Considering a disease of postmenopausal women, there is a noted trend of increasing breast cancer cases among premenopausal women. Our study aimed to determine the main risk factors for breast cancer in women aged 40 and under. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study with exhaustive sampling of all respondents with histological proof over a 12-month period, matched by age. For all statistical tests, we used a significance threshold of 5%. Additionally provided are the ORs and their 95% confidence intervals, the mean, and standard deviation. Results: We collected 65 cases and 130 controls. The frequency of breast cancer in women aged 40 and under was 35.5%. The mean age was 35.6 ± 4.5 years among cases compared to 32.1 ± 7.9 years among controls. A significantly positive association was detected in both univariate and multivariate analysis between age and breast cancer [(OR) = 10.30;95% CI (1.99 - 53.23)] and [(OR) = 7.53;95% CI (1.82 - 31.23)];family history of breast cancer and breast cancer [(OR) = 9.99;95% CI (1.43 - 69.58)];smoking and breast cancer [OR = 13.11;95% CI (1.05 - 163.30)];sedentary lifestyle and breast cancer [OR = 3.36;95% CI (1.01 - 11.17)];and night work and breast cancer [(OR) = 72.05;95% CI (8.15 - 637.25)]. Conclusion: Earlier systematic screening and regular follow-up should be conducted in young women in our context.展开更多
Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy remains a cornerstone in the management of breast cancer, as it provides an accurate staging of the disease while minimizing the morbidity associated with complete axillary...Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy remains a cornerstone in the management of breast cancer, as it provides an accurate staging of the disease while minimizing the morbidity associated with complete axillary lymph node dissection. Advances in SLN detection have been very important in refining surgical techniques and improving patient outcomes. The purpose of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of radiocolloids, blue dyes, and fluorescent tracers in detecting the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Specifically, we analyzed the detection rate, accuracy, and safety profile of the techniques to outline the most reliable and clinically available. A comprehensive review was conducted, searching key databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, for studies published between 2010 and 2024. The review focused on studies that compared the performance of radiocolloids, blue dyes, and fluorescent tracers in the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. A total of 54 studies were included based on specific inclusion criteria. Results: Radiocolloids showed high detection rates in studies. Blue dyes have comparable results, but a small percentage of allergic reactions has been observed. Fluorescent tracers such as indocyanine green have improved visualization and accuracy, but their use requires specialized equipment and expertise. Combining radiocolloids with blue dyes or fluorescent tracers has improved detection rates in several studies. Cost and accessibility challenges have also been pointed out, particularly in low-resource settings. Conclusions: Radiocolloids have attained the status of gold standard in the detection of SLNs in breast cancer for their reliability and accuracy. While combined use with other tracers, like blue dyes or fluorescent agents, enhances overall detection performance, making it more holistic. As expected, further innovation and effort are required to improve accessibility and optimize the technique of sentinel lymph node biopsy worldwide.展开更多
Background: Conventional radiation therapy is a technique that uses ionizing radiation to destroy tumor cells. Along with surgery, chemotherapy, hormonotherapy and target therapy, it plays a crucial role in the manage...Background: Conventional radiation therapy is a technique that uses ionizing radiation to destroy tumor cells. Along with surgery, chemotherapy, hormonotherapy and target therapy, it plays a crucial role in the management of breast cancer by reducing its overall mortality and recurrences. Methods: We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study by using the records of patients treated in the radiotherapy department of the Douala General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019. Data concerning radiation-induced toxicities were collected using a pre-established and pre-tested survey and transferred to the CTCAE Version 4.0 software. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 206 records were selected. The average age was 46.7 ± 8.2 years. The most represented histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 187, 90.7%). Multimodality treatment was used in every patient in our series with chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant radiation therapy (n = 88, 42.7%) been the most represented. More than half of the participants (n = 108, 52.4%) received a total dose >50 grays, only 89 (43.2%) received the classical fractionation of 2 grays/cession, and the average duration of radiation therapy was 36.8 ± 15.4 days. We encountered 155 (75.2%) side effects. There were more acute toxicities than late toxicities, at 115 (74.1%) versus 40 (25.8%). The main acute lesions were radiodermatitis (68.6%), breast pain (16.5%), radiation pneumonitis (12.2%), and acute pericarditis (2.6%). As late lesions, we identified radiodermatitis (52.5%), radiation pneumonitis (32.5%), and lymphoedema (15%). A total dose >50 grays [p 0.001, OR: 2.7 (1.58 - 4.9)], and conservative surgery [p = 0.04, OR: 2.3 (1.3 - 4.1)], seemed to increase the occurrence of early side effects on bivariate analysis. However, after multivariate logistic regression, only a total dose >50 grays [p = 0.005, OR: 2.1 (1.1 - 6.7)] remained a predictive factor associated to early side effects. We found no factors related to late side effect occurrences. Conclusion: The frequency of side effects of radiation therapy for breast cancer at the Douala General Hospital remains relatively high. Both early and late lesions remained present with early toxicities been the most common. Meticulous strategies along with an enhancement of both human and materials resources are paramount in order to reduce their frequency and morbidity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC)metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon,colonic metastasis from BC(CMBC)is even rarer.CASE SUMMARY This report describes a 44-year-old female patient with metastatic triple-neg...BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC)metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon,colonic metastasis from BC(CMBC)is even rarer.CASE SUMMARY This report describes a 44-year-old female patient with metastatic triple-negative BC in the ascending colon who underwent laparoscopic radical right hemicolectomy.The patient had undergone left modified radical mastectomy only 15 months ago and stopped chemotherapy just 3 months ago.The diagnosis of CMBC was made based on the previous history of BC and positive results of several specific immunohistochemical markers(gross cystic disease fluid protein 15,mammaglobin,GATA-binding protein 3,and cytokeratin 7)for breast carcinoma.CONCLUSION CMBC should be highly cautious in patients with a previous history of BC,especially triple-negative BC,and further examination to aid in diagnosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on ...BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on the knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer and the associated factors among females in Wollo,Ethiopia,remain limited.AIM To assess the impact of family history(FH)of breast disease on knowledge,attitudes,and breast cancer preventive practices among reproductive-age females.METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June 2022 in Northeast Ethiopia and involved 143 reproductive-age females with FH of breast diseases and 209 without such a history.We selected participants using the systematic random sampling technique.We analyzed the data using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 software,and logistic regression analysis was employed to determine odds ratios for variable associations,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS Among participants with FH of breast diseases,the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices were found to be 83.9%[95%confidence interval(CI):77.9-89.9],49.0%(95%CI:40.8-57.1),and 74.1%(95%CI:66.9-81.3),respectively.In contrast,among those without FH of breast diseases,these levels were significantly decreased to 10.5%(95%CI:6.4-14.7),32.1%(95%CI:25.7-38.4),and 16.7%(95%CI:11.7-21.8),respectively.This study also indicated that knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices related to breast cancer are significantly higher among participants with FH of breast diseases compared to those without HF breast diseases.CONCLUSION Educational status,monthly income,and community health insurance were identified as significant factors associated with the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer among reproductive-age females.展开更多
Breast milk represents the gold standard for neonatal nutrition,especially for preterm and term infants with a low birthweight.This awareness is based not only on the nutritional properties of human milk,which is spec...Breast milk represents the gold standard for neonatal nutrition,especially for preterm and term infants with a low birthweight.This awareness is based not only on the nutritional properties of human milk,which is specifically designed for the growth of humans but also on breast milk’s non-nutritional properties,such as protection against infection.In fact,breast milk should be considered a heterogeneous ecosystem,including a wide range of cells in addition to those involved in immune function;growth factors,such as vascular endothelial growth factor;multiple noncoding microRNAs;immune cells;epithelial cells and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells.This recent identification of a pool of progenitor stem cells in human milk is the driving force behind the growing research aimed at identifying the nature of these stem/progenitor cells and their sources.展开更多
Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is currently the most heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancer type.It has a high recurrence rate,poor clinical prospects,and lack of predictive markers and potential treatment opt...Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is currently the most heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancer type.It has a high recurrence rate,poor clinical prospects,and lack of predictive markers and potential treatment options.Dysregulated microRNAs(miRNAs)are involved in various cellular processes in TNBC.Moreover,variations in the miRNA levels in TNBC may act as a dependable indicator for predicting the effectiveness and specificity of treatments.Currently,the application of miRNAs for breast cancer therapy is primarily in the preclinical stage,with a focus on identifying highly specific and sensitive miRNAs that could offer new possibilities for early diagnosis,clinical treat-ment,and prognostic monitoring of TNBC.展开更多
Purpose: There is a significant rise in mortality rates from breast and cervical cancers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. In Ghana, approximately 4482 women are diagnosed with these diseases at advanced stages. Un...Purpose: There is a significant rise in mortality rates from breast and cervical cancers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. In Ghana, approximately 4482 women are diagnosed with these diseases at advanced stages. Unfortunately, the early detection rate for these cancers is low compared to other women’s health services. This situation underscores the need to identify the locations of reproductive-age women who have not been screened for these cancers, to implement targeted public health interventions. This study aims to pinpoint these women’s locations for tailored interventions. Method: Bivariate analysis assessed the relationship between the independent and outcome variables. Hot spot analysis and Kriging Ordinary interpolation were employed to pinpoint the locations of these women. Results: Breast cancer examination and cervical cancer test rates were low, with a strong association between the two screening services. Several significant variables were identified: place of residence (p Conclusion: Low participation in these screening services was related to women’s age and the outreach efforts of fieldworkers. Breast and cervical cancer screenings are interconnected and could be combined to improve attendance rates. The Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) implementation strategy could be cost-effective for screening women through targeted interventions, especially in identified clusters.展开更多
Objectives:To identify the subgroups of self-reported outcomes and associated factors among breast cancer patients undergoing surgery and chemotherapy.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and ...Objectives:To identify the subgroups of self-reported outcomes and associated factors among breast cancer patients undergoing surgery and chemotherapy.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and November 2021.We recruited patients from two tertiary hospitals in Shanghai,China,using convenience sampling during their hospitalization.Patients were assessed using a questionnaire that included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics,the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System profile-29(PROMIS-29),and the PROMIS-cognitive function short form 4a.Latent class analysis was performed to examine possible classes regarding self-reported outcomes.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors.Analysis of variance(ANOVA)was conducted for symptoms across the different classes.Results:A total of 640 patients participated in this study.The findings revealed three subgroups in terms of self-reported outcomes among breast cancer patients undergoing surgery and chemotherapy:low physical-social-cognitive function,high physical-low cognitive function,and high physical-socialcognitive function.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age(≥60 years old),menopause,the third chemotherapy cycle,undergoing simple mastectomy and breast reconstruction,duration of disease 3-12 months,stageⅢ/Ⅳcancer,and severe pain were associated factors of the functional decline groups.Besides,significant differences in depression and sleep disorders were observed among the three groups.Conclusions:Breast cancer patients receiving surgery and chemotherapy can be divided into three subgroups.Aging,menopause,chemotherapy cycle,surgery type,duration and stage of disease,and severe pain affected the functional decline groups.Consequently,healthcare professionals should make tailored interventions to address the specific functional rehabilitation and symptom relief needs.展开更多
The global incidence of breast cancer remains high and is increasing annually in some regions.Despite the variety of current treatments for breast cancer,the preventive and therapeutic effects are still limited due to...The global incidence of breast cancer remains high and is increasing annually in some regions.Despite the variety of current treatments for breast cancer,the preventive and therapeutic effects are still limited due to the highly heterogeneous nature and complex biological mechanisms of breast cancer.In recent years,tea consumption has emerged as a research focus due to its possible anti-cancer properties.Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated that regular tea intake could potentially curb the progression of breast cancer by influencing various biological mechanisms,including signaling pathways,cell cycle regulation,and immune system responses,among others.Nonetheless,the findings from epidemiological studies show considerable variability,and the connection between tea drinking and both the risk and outlook for breast cancer is shaped by numerous elements.These include the specific type of tea consumed,the quantity consumed,individual genetic variations,and environmental influences.This article summarizes the current research findings and delves into the connection between tea consumption and the risk as well as the prognosis of breast cancer among different regional populations.Meanwhile,it expounds on the potential molecular biological mechanisms behind it.The aim is to offer a theoretical foundation for the personalized prevention and treatment of breast cancer.展开更多
Background:The traditional Chinese medicine compound Sancao decoction(SCD)is a folk prescription for regulating immunity.It is composed of 8 Chinese herbal medicines,such as Prunellae Spica(Xiakucao),Houttuyniae Herba...Background:The traditional Chinese medicine compound Sancao decoction(SCD)is a folk prescription for regulating immunity.It is composed of 8 Chinese herbal medicines,such as Prunellae Spica(Xiakucao),Houttuyniae Herba(Yuxingcao),Lysimachiae Herba(Jinqiancao)and so on.In cancer,the interleukin-6(IL-6)/the signal transducer and the activator of transcription 3(STAT3)pathway directly promotes the proliferation,survival and angiogenesis of cancer cells,and arginase-1(ARG-1)is a key enzyme for myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)to exert immunosuppressive function.It is not clear whether SCD regulates the expression of ARG-1 in MDSCs through the IL-6/STAT3 pathway.Therefore,we explored the effect and mechanism of SCD on lung metastasis of breast cancer.Methods:The components in SCD have been analyzed by HPLC-MS.A spontaneous metastasis model of breast cancer was established by injecting 4T1 cells into the mammary fat pad of BALB/c mice.Pre-metastatic niche(PMN)formation and the role of SCD on PMN were evaluated by lung metastasis nodules,lung pathology tests and immunofluorescence for 2–4 weeks.Serum tests and hematoxylin-eosin staining(H&E)were used to evaluate the side effects of cisplatin.Western blot and ELISA were used to detect proteins and cytokines of the STAT3 signaling pathway in mouse lung tissue.Results:Compared with SCD or cisplatin treatment alone,SCD/cisplatin(CP)synergistic administration not only significantly inhibited orthotropic breast tumor growth,but also reduced lung metastasis and alleviated the hepatorenal toxicity induced by CP in vivo.Remarkably,the combination effectively inhibited PMN formation and the accumulation of MDSCs in the lung PMN,accompanied by the significant infiltration of CD4+T and CD8+T-lymphocytes in the lung PMN and spleen.In addition,the SCD/CP combination downregulated protein expression levels of STAT3,p-STAT3,IL-6 and ARG-1 in the lung PMN of breast cancer mice.Conclusion:The synergistic effect of SCD and cisplatin inhibited MDSCs aggregation and the immunosuppressive function of pulmonary PMN,thereby remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhancing anti-tumor immunity,leading to remission of orthotopic breast cancer and lung metastases and amelioration of cisplatin-induced liver and kidney toxicity.展开更多
Background:Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive early breast cancer with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant systemic therapy have a high risk of recurrence and death.The prima...Background:Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive early breast cancer with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant systemic therapy have a high risk of recurrence and death.The primary analysis of KATHERINE,a phase 3,open-label trial,showed that the risk of invasive breast cancer or death was 50% lower with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine(T-DM1)than with trastuzumab alone.展开更多
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide,with its incidence and mortality ranking first among all cancers.Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve prognosis and reduce disease-...Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide,with its incidence and mortality ranking first among all cancers.Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve prognosis and reduce disease-related mortality.Chest computed tomography(CT),a routine examination for physical assessments and hospitalized patients,can screen for the presence of breast nodules and provide an initial assessment of malignancy risk.In recent years,artificial intelligence(AI)has advanced rapidly in the medical field.Studies have demonstrated that the sensitivity and accuracy of chest CT in diagnosing breast cancer are enhanced through the application of AI methods.This article explores the research progress in breast cancer diagnosis utilizing artificial intelligence based on chest CT examinations.展开更多
Purpose:This study aims to foster a dialog between the experiences and identities of Nigerian female breast cancer survivors and Margaret Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness.The theory was employed t...Purpose:This study aims to foster a dialog between the experiences and identities of Nigerian female breast cancer survivors and Margaret Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness.The theory was employed to explore and describe the structure and meaning of these survivors’experiences and identities.Methods:Twenty-two participants were interviewed using a qualitative approach.The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim.Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 14 software to identify recurring patterns within the data.Results:Three core themes emerged:(1)Encountering Selfhood-Otherhood in the survivorship journey,(2)navigating the rhythms of change,and(3)living the paradox of order and disorder.These themes reflect the unique and paradoxical rhythm of life as a breast cancer survivor,integrating these experiences conceptually.Conclusions:This study illuminates how Nigerian breast cancer survivors construct the patterns of meaning of their experiences by shifting the focus from solely evidence-based interventions to a deeper exploration of lived experience,cultural narratives,and expanding consciousness.Through compassionate and insightful nursing interactions,women can explore their evolving identities,foster resilience,and redefine their lives in meaningful and fulfilling ways within their unique contexts.Implications for Cancer Survivors:Greater attention is required to address the emotional,temporal,and economic dimensions of breast cancer survivorship in Nigeria.Nurses play a crucial role in helping survivors find meaning in their experiences,recognizing that order and disorder in life are integral to expanding consciousness.Survivors should be empowered to identify their patterns of living and leverage their strengths in navigating the survivorship journey and finding meaning in their lives.展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast hamartomas are rare benign breast tumors,with an incidence rate of 0.8%-4.8%.Further,the coexistence of hamartomas and carcinoma is also uncommon.Our case report presents a unique instance where inva...BACKGROUND Breast hamartomas are rare benign breast tumors,with an incidence rate of 0.8%-4.8%.Further,the coexistence of hamartomas and carcinoma is also uncommon.Our case report presents a unique instance where invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC)and ductal carcinoma in situ were found both inside and outside a breast hamartoma.This is the second case reported in the literature.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old woman presented with a 6.0 cm breast tumor on mammography and ultrasound,with suspicious areas indicative of malignant transformation.Biopsy of the suspicious area confirmed IDC with intraductal carcinoma.Breast magnetic resonance imaging showed typical hamartoma changes with irregular areas of abnormal enhancement both inside and outside.A breast-conserving surgery was performed,and postoperative pathology confirmed mammary hamartoma,concurrent with IDC and intraductal carcinoma occurring both inside and outside the hamartoma.Subsequently,appropriate adjuvant therapy was initiated.Currently,the patient is in good condition.Breast cancer may be located both inside and outside the ipsilateral mammary hamartoma,which is difficult to detect preoperatively,especially when there is a focus of intraductal carcinoma,requiring accurate assessment of the tumor extent by modern imaging techniques.Early detection of the coexistence of cancer is clinically important as it can alter patient management.CONCLUSION This case emphasizes the importance of modern imaging techniques in accurately evaluating mammary hamartomas associated with malignancies prior to surgery.展开更多
文摘Carcinosarcoma(CS),also known as metaplastic breast carcinoma with mesenchymal differentiation,is one of the five distinct subtypes of metaplastic breast cancer.It is considered as a mixed,biphasic neoplasm consisting of a carcinomatous component combined with a malignant nonepithelial element of mesenchymal origin without an intermediate transition zone.Although cellular origin of this neoplasm remains controversial,most researchers declare that neoplastic cells derive from a cellular structure with potential biphasic differentiation.Despite recent research on the therapeutic strategies against CS neoplastic disorders,surgical resection appears the only potentially curative approach.Since CS metastasize by the lymphatic route,axillary assessment with sentinel lymph node biopsy and/or axillary lymph node dissection is always implemented.Nevertheless,the tumor also presents a hematogenous metastatic pattern including pleural,pulmonary,liver,brain and less commonly bone metastases.Thus,surgical removal of breast CS does not necessarily ensure patient’s long-term recovery.Moreover,alternative therapies,such as radio-and chemotherapy proved insufficient and 5-year survival rate is limited.Nevertheless,there is evidence that following surgery,the combination of radio and chemotherapy is associated with a better prognosis than either treatment alone.The aim of this review is to evaluate the results of surgical treatment for breast CS with special reference to the extent of its histological spread.Clinical features,histogenesis,morphological and immunochemical findings are discussed,while the role of current diagnostic and therapeutic management of this aggressive neoplasm is emphasized.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(grant number 2022A1515012315)Guangdong Medical Science and Technology Research Fund Project(grant number A2023185)+2 种基金the Discipline Construction Project of Guangdong Medical University(grant number 4SG22005G)the 2023 Provincial Basic and Applied Basic Research Fund Enterprise Joint Fund Project(grant number 2023A1515220149)Southern Medical University Shunde Hospital 2023 Research Initiation Programme Project(SRSP2023016).
文摘Background:Immune checkpoint inhibitors play an important role in the treatment of solid tumors,but the currently used immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death-1(PD-1),programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1),and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4(CTLA-4)show limited clinical efficacy in many breast cancers.B7H3 has been widely reported as an immunosuppressive molecule,but its immunological function in breast cancer patients remains unclear.Methods:We analyzed the expression of B7H3 in breast cancer samples using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas Program(TCGA)and the Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)databases.MicroRNAs were selected using the TarBase,miRTarBase,and miRBase databases.The regulatory role of the microRNA hsa-miR-214-3p on B7H3 was investigated through dual-luciferase reporter assays,which identified the specific action sites of interaction.The expression levels of B7H3 and hsa-miR-214-3p in human breast cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were quantified using Western blotting and quantitative PCR(qPCR).In vitro experiments were performed to observe the effects of modulating the expression of B7H3 or hsa-miR-214-3p on breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis.Additionally,the regulatory impact of hsa-miR-214-3p on B7H3 was examined.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)and flow cytometry were employed to assess the effects of co-cultured breast cancer cells and normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)on immune cells and associated cytokines.Results:In breast cancer tissues,the expression level of B7H3 is inversely correlated with that of hsa-miR-214-3p,as well as with the regulatory effects on breast cancercell behavior.Hsa-miR-214-3p was found to inhibit breast cancer cell growth by downregulating B7H3.Importantly,our research identified,for the first time,two binding sites for hsa-miR-214-3p on the 3’UTR of B7H3,both of which exert similar effects independently.Co-culture experiments revealed that hsamiR-214-3p obstructs the suppressive function of B7H3 on CD8^(+)T cells and natural killer cells.Conclusions:This study confirms the existence of two hsa-miR-214-3p binding sites on the 3’UTR of B7H3,reinforcing the role of hsamiR-214-3p as a regulatory factor for B7H3.In breast cancer,hsa-miR-214-3p reduces tumor cell proliferation and enhances the tumor immune microenvironment by downregulating B7H3.These findings suggest new potential targets for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22307009,82374155,82073997,82104376)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2023NSFSC1108,2024NSFTD0023)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Research Project of Sichuan Provincethe Xinglin Scholar Research Promotion Project of Chengdu University of TCM.
文摘Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),characterized by its lack of traditional hormone receptors and HER2,presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its poor response to conventional therapies.Autophagy is an important process for maintaining cellular homeostasis,and there are currently autophagy biomarkers that play an effective role in the clinical treatment of tumors.In contrast to targeting protein activity,intervention with proteinprotein interaction(PPI)can avoid unrelated crosstalk and regulate the autophagy process with minimal interference pathways.Methods:Here,we employed Naive Bayes,Decision Tree,and k-Nearest Neighbors to elucidate the complex PPI network associated with autophagy in TNBC,aiming to uncover novel therapeutic targets.Meanwhile,the candidate proteins interacting with Beclin 2 were initially screened in MDA-MB-231 cells using Beclin 2 as bait protein by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay,and the interaction relationship was verified by molecular docking and CO-IP experiments after intersection.Colony formation,cellular immunofluorescence,cell scratch and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)tests were used to predict the clinical therapeutic effects of manipulating candidate PPI.Results:By developing three PPI classification models and analyzing over 13,000 datasets,we identified 3733 previously unknown autophagy-related PPIs.Our network analysis revealed the central role of Beclin 2 in autophagy regulation,uncovering its interactions with 39 newly identified proteins.Notably,the CO-IP studies identified the substantial interaction between Beclin 2 and Ubiquilin 1,which was anticipated by our model and discovered in immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assay results.Subsequently,in vitro investigations showed that overexpressing Beclin 2 increased Ubiquilin 1,promoted autophagy-dependent cell death,and inhibited proliferation and metastasis in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusions:This study not only enhances our understanding of autophagy regulation in TNBC but also identifies the Beclin 2-Ubiquilin 1 axis as a promising target for precision therapy.These findings open new avenues for drug discovery and offer inspiration for more effective treatments for this aggressive cancer subtype.
文摘BACKGROUND The programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor pembrolizumab has become a key treatment for various cancers,including triple-negative breast cancer.However,it is associated with immune-related adverse events,including rare but serious neurological complications such as Guillain-Barrésyndrome(GBS).GBS is a potentially life-threatening autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness and paralysis.We present a unique case of pembrolizumab-induced GBS to highlight the importance of recognizing this complication and managing it promptly in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors.CASE SUMMARY A 69-year-old woman with a medical history of hypertension,anxiety,depression,and stage IIIB triple-negative breast cancer treated with pembrolizumab,carboplatin,and paclitaxel,presented to the emergency department with a 1-month history of tingling,lower extremity weakness,and shooting pain.Symptoms progressed to global weakness,ascending paralysis,and double vision.Neurological examination revealed significant lower extremity weakness and sensory deficits.Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine and cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed GBS.Initial treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin led to relapse,requiring additional intravenous immunoglobulin and high-dose glucocorticoids.The patient’s condition improved,pembrolizumab therapy was permanently discontinued,and she was discharged to a rehabilitation facility.CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab can induce GBS,necessitating early recognition,prompt diagnosis,and multidisciplinary management to prevent serious complications.
文摘Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The term epidemiology generally deals with the branch of medicine and treatment that deals with a specific incident. Thus, considering the topic of breast cancer, this particular study deals with the distribution, determinants, and frequency of the disease. Breast cancer incidence and death data are critical to determining healthcare priorities. Women’s cancer is the most common, accounting for 25.1 percent of all malignancies. According to this specific report, more than 42,000 women die from breast cancer each year. Hence, it is apparent that it is the second leading cause of death among women, especially in the US. Family history/genetics, reproductive, hormone, benign proliferative breast disease, and mammographic density are the four main risk factors for breast cancer that can be meaningfully categorized. These elements are briefly discussed, and the risk estimators are provided. Numerous screening technologies have found breast cancer;some are linked to an increased risk of breast cancer, such as ultrasound techniques and MRI scanning. Breast cancer is more common in developed countries, while relative mortality is highest in developing countries. Women’s education is recommended for early detection and treatment in all nations. Health policymakers must prioritize plans to control and prevent this malignancy and increase awareness of risk factors and early detection in less developed countries.
文摘Introduction: Considering a disease of postmenopausal women, there is a noted trend of increasing breast cancer cases among premenopausal women. Our study aimed to determine the main risk factors for breast cancer in women aged 40 and under. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study with exhaustive sampling of all respondents with histological proof over a 12-month period, matched by age. For all statistical tests, we used a significance threshold of 5%. Additionally provided are the ORs and their 95% confidence intervals, the mean, and standard deviation. Results: We collected 65 cases and 130 controls. The frequency of breast cancer in women aged 40 and under was 35.5%. The mean age was 35.6 ± 4.5 years among cases compared to 32.1 ± 7.9 years among controls. A significantly positive association was detected in both univariate and multivariate analysis between age and breast cancer [(OR) = 10.30;95% CI (1.99 - 53.23)] and [(OR) = 7.53;95% CI (1.82 - 31.23)];family history of breast cancer and breast cancer [(OR) = 9.99;95% CI (1.43 - 69.58)];smoking and breast cancer [OR = 13.11;95% CI (1.05 - 163.30)];sedentary lifestyle and breast cancer [OR = 3.36;95% CI (1.01 - 11.17)];and night work and breast cancer [(OR) = 72.05;95% CI (8.15 - 637.25)]. Conclusion: Earlier systematic screening and regular follow-up should be conducted in young women in our context.
文摘Background: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy remains a cornerstone in the management of breast cancer, as it provides an accurate staging of the disease while minimizing the morbidity associated with complete axillary lymph node dissection. Advances in SLN detection have been very important in refining surgical techniques and improving patient outcomes. The purpose of the present study is to compare the effectiveness of radiocolloids, blue dyes, and fluorescent tracers in detecting the sentinel lymph node in breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Specifically, we analyzed the detection rate, accuracy, and safety profile of the techniques to outline the most reliable and clinically available. A comprehensive review was conducted, searching key databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, for studies published between 2010 and 2024. The review focused on studies that compared the performance of radiocolloids, blue dyes, and fluorescent tracers in the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. A total of 54 studies were included based on specific inclusion criteria. Results: Radiocolloids showed high detection rates in studies. Blue dyes have comparable results, but a small percentage of allergic reactions has been observed. Fluorescent tracers such as indocyanine green have improved visualization and accuracy, but their use requires specialized equipment and expertise. Combining radiocolloids with blue dyes or fluorescent tracers has improved detection rates in several studies. Cost and accessibility challenges have also been pointed out, particularly in low-resource settings. Conclusions: Radiocolloids have attained the status of gold standard in the detection of SLNs in breast cancer for their reliability and accuracy. While combined use with other tracers, like blue dyes or fluorescent agents, enhances overall detection performance, making it more holistic. As expected, further innovation and effort are required to improve accessibility and optimize the technique of sentinel lymph node biopsy worldwide.
文摘Background: Conventional radiation therapy is a technique that uses ionizing radiation to destroy tumor cells. Along with surgery, chemotherapy, hormonotherapy and target therapy, it plays a crucial role in the management of breast cancer by reducing its overall mortality and recurrences. Methods: We conducted a retrospective and descriptive study by using the records of patients treated in the radiotherapy department of the Douala General Hospital from January 2015 to December 2019. Data concerning radiation-induced toxicities were collected using a pre-established and pre-tested survey and transferred to the CTCAE Version 4.0 software. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: A total of 206 records were selected. The average age was 46.7 ± 8.2 years. The most represented histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma (n = 187, 90.7%). Multimodality treatment was used in every patient in our series with chemotherapy, surgery, and adjuvant radiation therapy (n = 88, 42.7%) been the most represented. More than half of the participants (n = 108, 52.4%) received a total dose >50 grays, only 89 (43.2%) received the classical fractionation of 2 grays/cession, and the average duration of radiation therapy was 36.8 ± 15.4 days. We encountered 155 (75.2%) side effects. There were more acute toxicities than late toxicities, at 115 (74.1%) versus 40 (25.8%). The main acute lesions were radiodermatitis (68.6%), breast pain (16.5%), radiation pneumonitis (12.2%), and acute pericarditis (2.6%). As late lesions, we identified radiodermatitis (52.5%), radiation pneumonitis (32.5%), and lymphoedema (15%). A total dose >50 grays [p 0.001, OR: 2.7 (1.58 - 4.9)], and conservative surgery [p = 0.04, OR: 2.3 (1.3 - 4.1)], seemed to increase the occurrence of early side effects on bivariate analysis. However, after multivariate logistic regression, only a total dose >50 grays [p = 0.005, OR: 2.1 (1.1 - 6.7)] remained a predictive factor associated to early side effects. We found no factors related to late side effect occurrences. Conclusion: The frequency of side effects of radiation therapy for breast cancer at the Douala General Hospital remains relatively high. Both early and late lesions remained present with early toxicities been the most common. Meticulous strategies along with an enhancement of both human and materials resources are paramount in order to reduce their frequency and morbidity.
基金The Science and Technology Bureau of Wuhu,Anhui Province,China,Under The Key Research and Development and Achievement Transformation Project,No.2023yf099.
文摘BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC)metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon,colonic metastasis from BC(CMBC)is even rarer.CASE SUMMARY This report describes a 44-year-old female patient with metastatic triple-negative BC in the ascending colon who underwent laparoscopic radical right hemicolectomy.The patient had undergone left modified radical mastectomy only 15 months ago and stopped chemotherapy just 3 months ago.The diagnosis of CMBC was made based on the previous history of BC and positive results of several specific immunohistochemical markers(gross cystic disease fluid protein 15,mammaglobin,GATA-binding protein 3,and cytokeratin 7)for breast carcinoma.CONCLUSION CMBC should be highly cautious in patients with a previous history of BC,especially triple-negative BC,and further examination to aid in diagnosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,presenting an increasing public health challenge,particularly in lowincome and middle-income countries.However,data on the knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer and the associated factors among females in Wollo,Ethiopia,remain limited.AIM To assess the impact of family history(FH)of breast disease on knowledge,attitudes,and breast cancer preventive practices among reproductive-age females.METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in May and June 2022 in Northeast Ethiopia and involved 143 reproductive-age females with FH of breast diseases and 209 without such a history.We selected participants using the systematic random sampling technique.We analyzed the data using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 software,and logistic regression analysis was employed to determine odds ratios for variable associations,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS Among participants with FH of breast diseases,the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices were found to be 83.9%[95%confidence interval(CI):77.9-89.9],49.0%(95%CI:40.8-57.1),and 74.1%(95%CI:66.9-81.3),respectively.In contrast,among those without FH of breast diseases,these levels were significantly decreased to 10.5%(95%CI:6.4-14.7),32.1%(95%CI:25.7-38.4),and 16.7%(95%CI:11.7-21.8),respectively.This study also indicated that knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices related to breast cancer are significantly higher among participants with FH of breast diseases compared to those without HF breast diseases.CONCLUSION Educational status,monthly income,and community health insurance were identified as significant factors associated with the levels of knowledge,attitudes,and preventive practices regarding breast cancer among reproductive-age females.
文摘Breast milk represents the gold standard for neonatal nutrition,especially for preterm and term infants with a low birthweight.This awareness is based not only on the nutritional properties of human milk,which is specifically designed for the growth of humans but also on breast milk’s non-nutritional properties,such as protection against infection.In fact,breast milk should be considered a heterogeneous ecosystem,including a wide range of cells in addition to those involved in immune function;growth factors,such as vascular endothelial growth factor;multiple noncoding microRNAs;immune cells;epithelial cells and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells.This recent identification of a pool of progenitor stem cells in human milk is the driving force behind the growing research aimed at identifying the nature of these stem/progenitor cells and their sources.
基金supported by Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(no.ZR2020MH319).
文摘Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is currently the most heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancer type.It has a high recurrence rate,poor clinical prospects,and lack of predictive markers and potential treatment options.Dysregulated microRNAs(miRNAs)are involved in various cellular processes in TNBC.Moreover,variations in the miRNA levels in TNBC may act as a dependable indicator for predicting the effectiveness and specificity of treatments.Currently,the application of miRNAs for breast cancer therapy is primarily in the preclinical stage,with a focus on identifying highly specific and sensitive miRNAs that could offer new possibilities for early diagnosis,clinical treat-ment,and prognostic monitoring of TNBC.
文摘Purpose: There is a significant rise in mortality rates from breast and cervical cancers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. In Ghana, approximately 4482 women are diagnosed with these diseases at advanced stages. Unfortunately, the early detection rate for these cancers is low compared to other women’s health services. This situation underscores the need to identify the locations of reproductive-age women who have not been screened for these cancers, to implement targeted public health interventions. This study aims to pinpoint these women’s locations for tailored interventions. Method: Bivariate analysis assessed the relationship between the independent and outcome variables. Hot spot analysis and Kriging Ordinary interpolation were employed to pinpoint the locations of these women. Results: Breast cancer examination and cervical cancer test rates were low, with a strong association between the two screening services. Several significant variables were identified: place of residence (p Conclusion: Low participation in these screening services was related to women’s age and the outreach efforts of fieldworkers. Breast and cervical cancer screenings are interconnected and could be combined to improve attendance rates. The Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) implementation strategy could be cost-effective for screening women through targeted interventions, especially in identified clusters.
基金supported by the Hospital-level Nursing Research Project of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(xhhlcx2023-017)the third period of the 14th Five-Year nursing talent project of Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(Xhlxm014)the Ministry of Education of Humanities and Social Science Project(23YJC630002)and High-level local university construction project founded by Shanghai Municipal Education Commission.
文摘Objectives:To identify the subgroups of self-reported outcomes and associated factors among breast cancer patients undergoing surgery and chemotherapy.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and November 2021.We recruited patients from two tertiary hospitals in Shanghai,China,using convenience sampling during their hospitalization.Patients were assessed using a questionnaire that included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics,the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System profile-29(PROMIS-29),and the PROMIS-cognitive function short form 4a.Latent class analysis was performed to examine possible classes regarding self-reported outcomes.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the associated factors.Analysis of variance(ANOVA)was conducted for symptoms across the different classes.Results:A total of 640 patients participated in this study.The findings revealed three subgroups in terms of self-reported outcomes among breast cancer patients undergoing surgery and chemotherapy:low physical-social-cognitive function,high physical-low cognitive function,and high physical-socialcognitive function.Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age(≥60 years old),menopause,the third chemotherapy cycle,undergoing simple mastectomy and breast reconstruction,duration of disease 3-12 months,stageⅢ/Ⅳcancer,and severe pain were associated factors of the functional decline groups.Besides,significant differences in depression and sleep disorders were observed among the three groups.Conclusions:Breast cancer patients receiving surgery and chemotherapy can be divided into three subgroups.Aging,menopause,chemotherapy cycle,surgery type,duration and stage of disease,and severe pain affected the functional decline groups.Consequently,healthcare professionals should make tailored interventions to address the specific functional rehabilitation and symptom relief needs.
文摘The global incidence of breast cancer remains high and is increasing annually in some regions.Despite the variety of current treatments for breast cancer,the preventive and therapeutic effects are still limited due to the highly heterogeneous nature and complex biological mechanisms of breast cancer.In recent years,tea consumption has emerged as a research focus due to its possible anti-cancer properties.Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated that regular tea intake could potentially curb the progression of breast cancer by influencing various biological mechanisms,including signaling pathways,cell cycle regulation,and immune system responses,among others.Nonetheless,the findings from epidemiological studies show considerable variability,and the connection between tea drinking and both the risk and outlook for breast cancer is shaped by numerous elements.These include the specific type of tea consumed,the quantity consumed,individual genetic variations,and environmental influences.This article summarizes the current research findings and delves into the connection between tea consumption and the risk as well as the prognosis of breast cancer among different regional populations.Meanwhile,it expounds on the potential molecular biological mechanisms behind it.The aim is to offer a theoretical foundation for the personalized prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
基金supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZYN2024075)Chengdu Science and Technology Bureau Technology Innovation R&D Project(2024-YF05-02236-SN)the Applied Basic Research Project of the Sichuan Science Technology Department(2021YJ0256).Peer review information。
文摘Background:The traditional Chinese medicine compound Sancao decoction(SCD)is a folk prescription for regulating immunity.It is composed of 8 Chinese herbal medicines,such as Prunellae Spica(Xiakucao),Houttuyniae Herba(Yuxingcao),Lysimachiae Herba(Jinqiancao)and so on.In cancer,the interleukin-6(IL-6)/the signal transducer and the activator of transcription 3(STAT3)pathway directly promotes the proliferation,survival and angiogenesis of cancer cells,and arginase-1(ARG-1)is a key enzyme for myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs)to exert immunosuppressive function.It is not clear whether SCD regulates the expression of ARG-1 in MDSCs through the IL-6/STAT3 pathway.Therefore,we explored the effect and mechanism of SCD on lung metastasis of breast cancer.Methods:The components in SCD have been analyzed by HPLC-MS.A spontaneous metastasis model of breast cancer was established by injecting 4T1 cells into the mammary fat pad of BALB/c mice.Pre-metastatic niche(PMN)formation and the role of SCD on PMN were evaluated by lung metastasis nodules,lung pathology tests and immunofluorescence for 2–4 weeks.Serum tests and hematoxylin-eosin staining(H&E)were used to evaluate the side effects of cisplatin.Western blot and ELISA were used to detect proteins and cytokines of the STAT3 signaling pathway in mouse lung tissue.Results:Compared with SCD or cisplatin treatment alone,SCD/cisplatin(CP)synergistic administration not only significantly inhibited orthotropic breast tumor growth,but also reduced lung metastasis and alleviated the hepatorenal toxicity induced by CP in vivo.Remarkably,the combination effectively inhibited PMN formation and the accumulation of MDSCs in the lung PMN,accompanied by the significant infiltration of CD4+T and CD8+T-lymphocytes in the lung PMN and spleen.In addition,the SCD/CP combination downregulated protein expression levels of STAT3,p-STAT3,IL-6 and ARG-1 in the lung PMN of breast cancer mice.Conclusion:The synergistic effect of SCD and cisplatin inhibited MDSCs aggregation and the immunosuppressive function of pulmonary PMN,thereby remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and enhancing anti-tumor immunity,leading to remission of orthotopic breast cancer and lung metastases and amelioration of cisplatin-induced liver and kidney toxicity.
文摘Background:Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)-positive early breast cancer with residual invasive disease after neoadjuvant systemic therapy have a high risk of recurrence and death.The primary analysis of KATHERINE,a phase 3,open-label trial,showed that the risk of invasive breast cancer or death was 50% lower with adjuvant trastuzumab emtansine(T-DM1)than with trastuzumab alone.
基金Shandong-Chongqing Science and Technology Cooperation Project(2024LYXZ021)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023QG014)。
文摘Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women worldwide,with its incidence and mortality ranking first among all cancers.Early diagnosis and treatment significantly improve prognosis and reduce disease-related mortality.Chest computed tomography(CT),a routine examination for physical assessments and hospitalized patients,can screen for the presence of breast nodules and provide an initial assessment of malignancy risk.In recent years,artificial intelligence(AI)has advanced rapidly in the medical field.Studies have demonstrated that the sensitivity and accuracy of chest CT in diagnosing breast cancer are enhanced through the application of AI methods.This article explores the research progress in breast cancer diagnosis utilizing artificial intelligence based on chest CT examinations.
文摘Purpose:This study aims to foster a dialog between the experiences and identities of Nigerian female breast cancer survivors and Margaret Newman’s theory of health as expanding consciousness.The theory was employed to explore and describe the structure and meaning of these survivors’experiences and identities.Methods:Twenty-two participants were interviewed using a qualitative approach.The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim.Data analysis was conducted using NVivo 14 software to identify recurring patterns within the data.Results:Three core themes emerged:(1)Encountering Selfhood-Otherhood in the survivorship journey,(2)navigating the rhythms of change,and(3)living the paradox of order and disorder.These themes reflect the unique and paradoxical rhythm of life as a breast cancer survivor,integrating these experiences conceptually.Conclusions:This study illuminates how Nigerian breast cancer survivors construct the patterns of meaning of their experiences by shifting the focus from solely evidence-based interventions to a deeper exploration of lived experience,cultural narratives,and expanding consciousness.Through compassionate and insightful nursing interactions,women can explore their evolving identities,foster resilience,and redefine their lives in meaningful and fulfilling ways within their unique contexts.Implications for Cancer Survivors:Greater attention is required to address the emotional,temporal,and economic dimensions of breast cancer survivorship in Nigeria.Nurses play a crucial role in helping survivors find meaning in their experiences,recognizing that order and disorder in life are integral to expanding consciousness.Survivors should be empowered to identify their patterns of living and leverage their strengths in navigating the survivorship journey and finding meaning in their lives.
基金Supported by Jilin City Science and Technology Innovation Development Plan Project,China,No.20230406201Jilin Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Project,China,No.2024159.
文摘BACKGROUND Breast hamartomas are rare benign breast tumors,with an incidence rate of 0.8%-4.8%.Further,the coexistence of hamartomas and carcinoma is also uncommon.Our case report presents a unique instance where invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC)and ductal carcinoma in situ were found both inside and outside a breast hamartoma.This is the second case reported in the literature.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old woman presented with a 6.0 cm breast tumor on mammography and ultrasound,with suspicious areas indicative of malignant transformation.Biopsy of the suspicious area confirmed IDC with intraductal carcinoma.Breast magnetic resonance imaging showed typical hamartoma changes with irregular areas of abnormal enhancement both inside and outside.A breast-conserving surgery was performed,and postoperative pathology confirmed mammary hamartoma,concurrent with IDC and intraductal carcinoma occurring both inside and outside the hamartoma.Subsequently,appropriate adjuvant therapy was initiated.Currently,the patient is in good condition.Breast cancer may be located both inside and outside the ipsilateral mammary hamartoma,which is difficult to detect preoperatively,especially when there is a focus of intraductal carcinoma,requiring accurate assessment of the tumor extent by modern imaging techniques.Early detection of the coexistence of cancer is clinically important as it can alter patient management.CONCLUSION This case emphasizes the importance of modern imaging techniques in accurately evaluating mammary hamartomas associated with malignancies prior to surgery.
