Data mining has the potential to provide information for improving clinical acupuncture strategies by uncovering hidden rules between acupuncture manipulation and therapeutic effects in a data set. In this study, we p...Data mining has the potential to provide information for improving clinical acupuncture strategies by uncovering hidden rules between acupuncture manipulation and therapeutic effects in a data set. In this study, we performed acupuncture on 30 patients with hemiplegia due to acute ischemic stroke. All participants were pre-screened to ensure that they exhibited immediate responses to acupuncture. We used a twirling reinforcing acupuncture manipulation at the specific lines between the bilateral Baihui（GV20） and Taiyang（EX-HN5）. We collected neurologic deficit score, simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment score, muscle strength of the proximal and distal hemiplegic limbs, ratio of the maximal H-reflex to the maximal M-wave（Hmax/Mmax）, muscle tension at baseline and immediately after treatment, and the syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine at baseline. We then conducted data mining using an association algorithm and an artificial neural network backpropagation algorithm. We found that the twirling reinforcing manipulation had no obvious therapeutic difference in traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of ＂Deficiency and Excess＂. The change in the muscle strength of the upper distal and lower proximal limbs was one of the main factors affecting the immediate change in Fugl-Meyer scores. Additionally, we found a positive correlation between the muscle tension change of the upper limb and Hmax/Mmax immediate change, and both positive and negative correlations existed between the muscle tension change of the lower limb and immediate Hmax/Mmax change. Additionally, when the difference value of muscle tension for the upper and lower limbs was 〉 0 or 〈 0, the difference value of Hmax/Mmax was correspondingly positive or negative, indicating the scalp acupuncture has a bidirectional effect on muscle tension in hemiplegic limbs. Therefore, acupuncture with twirling reinforcing manipulation has distinct effects on acute ischemic stroke patients with different symptoms or stages of disease. Improved muscle tension in the upper and lower limbs, reflected by the variation in the Hmax/Mmax ratio, is crucial for recovery of motor function from hemiplegia.展开更多
In this letter,by employing Gaussian distribution to approximate the probability density function(pdf) of the extrinsic information at the output of the multiuser detector as a function of the pdf of the input extrins...In this letter,by employing Gaussian distribution to approximate the probability density function(pdf) of the extrinsic information at the output of the multiuser detector as a function of the pdf of the input extrinsic messages,it is concluded that the Probabilistic Data Association(PDA) algorithm is equivalent to the Soft Interference Cancellation plus Minimum Mean Square Error algo-rithm(SIC-MMSE) .展开更多
Cache-enabled small cell networks have been regarded as a promising approach for network operators to cope with the explosive data traffic growth in future 5 G networks. However, the user association and resource allo...Cache-enabled small cell networks have been regarded as a promising approach for network operators to cope with the explosive data traffic growth in future 5 G networks. However, the user association and resource allocation mechanism has not been thoroughly studied under given content placement situation. In this paper, we formulate the joint optimization problem of user association and resource allocation as a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) problem aiming at deriving a balance between the total utility of data rates and the total data rates retrieved from caches. To solve this problem, we propose a distributed relaxing-rounding method. Simulation results demonstrate that the distributed relaxing-rounding method outperforms traditional max-SINR method and range-expansion method in terms of both total utility of data rates and total data rates retrieved from caches in practical scenarios. In addition, effects of storage and backhaul capacities on the performance are also studied.展开更多
At present, most of the association rules algorithms are based on the Boolean attribute and single-level association rules mining. But data of the real world has various types, the multi-level and quantitative attribu...At present, most of the association rules algorithms are based on the Boolean attribute and single-level association rules mining. But data of the real world has various types, the multi-level and quantitative attributes are got more and more attention. And the most important step is to mine frequent sets. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that is called fuzzy multiple-level association （FMA） rules to mine frequent sets. It is based on the improved Eclat algorithm that is different to many researchers’ proposed algorithms thatused the Apriori algorithm. We analyze quantitative data’s frequent sets by using the fuzzy theory, dividing the hierarchy of concept and softening the boundary of attributes’ values and frequency. In this paper, we use the vertical-style data and the improved Eclat algorithm to describe the proposed method, we use this algorithm to analyze the data of Beijing logistics route. Experiments show that the algorithm has a good performance, it has better effectiveness and high efficiency.展开更多
In dense target and false detection scenario of four time difference of arrival （TDOA） for multi-passive-sensor location system, the global optimal data association algorithm has to be adopted. In view of the heavy ...In dense target and false detection scenario of four time difference of arrival （TDOA） for multi-passive-sensor location system, the global optimal data association algorithm has to be adopted. In view of the heavy calculation burden of the traditional optimal assignment algorithm, this paper proposes a new global optimal assignment algorithm and a 2-stage association algorithm based on a statistic test. Compared with the traditional optimal algorithm, the new optimal algorithm avoids the complicated operations for finding the target position before we calculate association cost; hence, much of the procedure time is saved. In the 2-stage association algorithm, a large number of false location points are eliminated from candidate associations in advance. Therefore, the operation is further decreased, and the correct data association probability is improved in varying degrees. Both the complexity analyses and simulation results can verify the effectiveness of the new algorithms.展开更多
A data mining method for quality prediction using association rule (DMAR) is presented in this paper. Association rule is used to mine the valuable relations of items among amounts of textile process data for ANN pred...A data mining method for quality prediction using association rule (DMAR) is presented in this paper. Association rule is used to mine the valuable relations of items among amounts of textile process data for ANN prediction model. DMAR consists of three main steps: setup knowledge data set; data cleaning and converting; find the item set with large supports and generate the expected rules. DMAR effectively improves the precision of prediction in yarn breaking. It rapidly gets rid of the negative influence of training parameters on prediction model. Then more satisfactory quality prediction result can be reached.展开更多
To ensure the safety of urban rail transit operations and uncover the transmission dynam ics of risk sources,a key risk chain mining method for urban rail transit operation is pro posed.Firstly,the H-Apriori associati...To ensure the safety of urban rail transit operations and uncover the transmission dynam ics of risk sources,a key risk chain mining method for urban rail transit operation is pro posed.Firstly,the H-Apriori association rule algorithm is proposed for the characteristics of low frequency but high riskiness of high hazard degree risk sources in urban rail transit operation,which adds a new hazard degree evaluation index to the traditional Apriori algo rithm and couples with support degree two-dimensionally to mine the strong association rules among risk sources.Secondly,we construct a weighted risk network with risk sources as network nodes and strong association rules as network edges,and propose a key risk chain mining method for urban rail transit operation based on path search theory to mine key risk chains from the weighted risk network.Finally,using the actual urban rail transit operation data of a city in China as an example,a total of 17 key risk chains are mined,and then 5 key risk sources and 8 key chain break locations are obtained by riskiness and fre quency analysis of key risk chains,and control plans are proposed.The research outcomes introduce a novel approach to mining risk chains in urban rail transit operations,shedding light on the propagation mechanisms,triggering probabilities,and degrees of unsafety associated with risk sources.The results not only provide theoretical support but also offer methodological guidance for pinpointing locations of risk chain breaks and refining the control of risk sources.展开更多
Objective： To compare the effect differences of electroacupuncture（EA） at Jiajǐ（夹脊 EX-B2） and conventional acupoints for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation（LIDH） and the factors influenced the effect duri...Objective： To compare the effect differences of electroacupuncture（EA） at Jiajǐ（夹脊 EX-B2） and conventional acupoints for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation（LIDH） and the factors influenced the effect during the way of data mining.Methods： A total of 160 patients of LIDH were randomly assigned into the EX-B2 group and the conventional acupoints group, 80 cases in each one. The patients in the EX-B2 group received EA at the symmetrical 2 acupoints of the bilateral EX-B2 on the lesion part. The patients in the conventional acupoints group received EA at the tender point of the lesion part, Zhibian（ 秩边BL54）, Huantiao（环跳 GB30）,weǐzhōng（委中BL40）, Chéngshān（承山BL57） and Fúyáng（跗阳BL59） on the affected side. The retain time of the needles is both 45 min. The treatment of the two groups is 3 times a week and for a connective 20 times. The modified Assessment Criteria for Low Lumbar Pain of Japanese Orthopedic Association（JOA）,Visual Analogue Scale（VAS） were evaluated before and after the treatment and at the 6-month follow up.Results：（1） Effective outcomes. JOA score： The JOA score of the patients in the EX-B2 group after treatment was（20.89 士 3.43）, and was（19.35 ±4.02） on the follow-up. Compared with the JOA score（12.35 ±4.42） in the same group before the treatment, there were statistical significant higher（both P0.05）. The JOA score in the EX-B2 group after treatment and on the follow-up were both higher than that of the conventional acupoints group at the same time point（both P0.05）. VAS score： The VAS score of the patients in the EX-B2 group on the 24 h after the first treatment was（4.09 ± 1.81）, and was（2.11 ± 1.30） after the treatment. Compared with the VAS score（4.09 ± 1.81） in the same group before the treatment, there were statistical significant lower（both P0.05）. The VAS score in the EX-B2 group on the 24 h after the first treatment and after treatment showed no statistical differences than that of the conventional acupoints group at the same time point（both P0.05）.（2）Related results from data mining： The middle-aged people and disease duration less than six months, their effect of the immediate treatment was the best. According to JOA score, EA at EX-B2 was better than EA conventional acupoints,either in the process of treatment effect, or in pertinence of the treatment, which were superior to EA conventional acupoints therapy; The best curative effect time of EA at EX-B2 was the first treatment after24 h, and the best curative effect of the conventional acupoints was after the first treatment. The age and disease duration also affected curative effect.Conclusion： The effect of EA at EX-B2 was superior to the conventional acupoints in treating LIDH.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from the Supporting Program of the"Eleventh Five-year Plan"for Science&Technology Research of China,Ministry of Science and Technology of China,No.2006BAI12B02a grant from the Scientific Research Fund for Talent Introduction in the Gansu University of Chinese Medicine of China,No.2012-11
文摘Data mining has the potential to provide information for improving clinical acupuncture strategies by uncovering hidden rules between acupuncture manipulation and therapeutic effects in a data set. In this study, we performed acupuncture on 30 patients with hemiplegia due to acute ischemic stroke. All participants were pre-screened to ensure that they exhibited immediate responses to acupuncture. We used a twirling reinforcing acupuncture manipulation at the specific lines between the bilateral Baihui（GV20） and Taiyang（EX-HN5）. We collected neurologic deficit score, simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment score, muscle strength of the proximal and distal hemiplegic limbs, ratio of the maximal H-reflex to the maximal M-wave（Hmax/Mmax）, muscle tension at baseline and immediately after treatment, and the syndromes of traditional Chinese medicine at baseline. We then conducted data mining using an association algorithm and an artificial neural network backpropagation algorithm. We found that the twirling reinforcing manipulation had no obvious therapeutic difference in traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of ＂Deficiency and Excess＂. The change in the muscle strength of the upper distal and lower proximal limbs was one of the main factors affecting the immediate change in Fugl-Meyer scores. Additionally, we found a positive correlation between the muscle tension change of the upper limb and Hmax/Mmax immediate change, and both positive and negative correlations existed between the muscle tension change of the lower limb and immediate Hmax/Mmax change. Additionally, when the difference value of muscle tension for the upper and lower limbs was 〉 0 or 〈 0, the difference value of Hmax/Mmax was correspondingly positive or negative, indicating the scalp acupuncture has a bidirectional effect on muscle tension in hemiplegic limbs. Therefore, acupuncture with twirling reinforcing manipulation has distinct effects on acute ischemic stroke patients with different symptoms or stages of disease. Improved muscle tension in the upper and lower limbs, reflected by the variation in the Hmax/Mmax ratio, is crucial for recovery of motor function from hemiplegia.
文摘In this letter,by employing Gaussian distribution to approximate the probability density function(pdf) of the extrinsic information at the output of the multiuser detector as a function of the pdf of the input extrinsic messages,it is concluded that the Probabilistic Data Association(PDA) algorithm is equivalent to the Soft Interference Cancellation plus Minimum Mean Square Error algo-rithm(SIC-MMSE) .
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No. 61371087 and 61531013The Research Fund of Ministry of Education-China Mobile (MCM20150102)
文摘Cache-enabled small cell networks have been regarded as a promising approach for network operators to cope with the explosive data traffic growth in future 5 G networks. However, the user association and resource allocation mechanism has not been thoroughly studied under given content placement situation. In this paper, we formulate the joint optimization problem of user association and resource allocation as a mixed integer nonlinear programming(MINLP) problem aiming at deriving a balance between the total utility of data rates and the total data rates retrieved from caches. To solve this problem, we propose a distributed relaxing-rounding method. Simulation results demonstrate that the distributed relaxing-rounding method outperforms traditional max-SINR method and range-expansion method in terms of both total utility of data rates and total data rates retrieved from caches in practical scenarios. In addition, effects of storage and backhaul capacities on the performance are also studied.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grants No.ZYGX2014J051 and No.ZYGX2014J066Science and Technology Projects in Sichuan Province under Grants No.2015JY0178,No.2016FZ0002,No.2014GZ0109,No.2015KZ002 and No.2015JY0030China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No.2015M572464
文摘At present, most of the association rules algorithms are based on the Boolean attribute and single-level association rules mining. But data of the real world has various types, the multi-level and quantitative attributes are got more and more attention. And the most important step is to mine frequent sets. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that is called fuzzy multiple-level association （FMA） rules to mine frequent sets. It is based on the improved Eclat algorithm that is different to many researchers’ proposed algorithms thatused the Apriori algorithm. We analyze quantitative data’s frequent sets by using the fuzzy theory, dividing the hierarchy of concept and softening the boundary of attributes’ values and frequency. In this paper, we use the vertical-style data and the improved Eclat algorithm to describe the proposed method, we use this algorithm to analyze the data of Beijing logistics route. Experiments show that the algorithm has a good performance, it has better effectiveness and high efficiency.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60172033, 60672139 and 60672140)the Excellent Ph. D Paper Author Foundation of China (Grant No. 200237)and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (Grant No. 2005ZX01)
文摘In dense target and false detection scenario of four time difference of arrival （TDOA） for multi-passive-sensor location system, the global optimal data association algorithm has to be adopted. In view of the heavy calculation burden of the traditional optimal assignment algorithm, this paper proposes a new global optimal assignment algorithm and a 2-stage association algorithm based on a statistic test. Compared with the traditional optimal algorithm, the new optimal algorithm avoids the complicated operations for finding the target position before we calculate association cost; hence, much of the procedure time is saved. In the 2-stage association algorithm, a large number of false location points are eliminated from candidate associations in advance. Therefore, the operation is further decreased, and the correct data association probability is improved in varying degrees. Both the complexity analyses and simulation results can verify the effectiveness of the new algorithms.
文摘A data mining method for quality prediction using association rule (DMAR) is presented in this paper. Association rule is used to mine the valuable relations of items among amounts of textile process data for ANN prediction model. DMAR consists of three main steps: setup knowledge data set; data cleaning and converting; find the item set with large supports and generate the expected rules. DMAR effectively improves the precision of prediction in yarn breaking. It rapidly gets rid of the negative influence of training parameters on prediction model. Then more satisfactory quality prediction result can be reached.
文摘To ensure the safety of urban rail transit operations and uncover the transmission dynam ics of risk sources,a key risk chain mining method for urban rail transit operation is pro posed.Firstly,the H-Apriori association rule algorithm is proposed for the characteristics of low frequency but high riskiness of high hazard degree risk sources in urban rail transit operation,which adds a new hazard degree evaluation index to the traditional Apriori algo rithm and couples with support degree two-dimensionally to mine the strong association rules among risk sources.Secondly,we construct a weighted risk network with risk sources as network nodes and strong association rules as network edges,and propose a key risk chain mining method for urban rail transit operation based on path search theory to mine key risk chains from the weighted risk network.Finally,using the actual urban rail transit operation data of a city in China as an example,a total of 17 key risk chains are mined,and then 5 key risk sources and 8 key chain break locations are obtained by riskiness and fre quency analysis of key risk chains,and control plans are proposed.The research outcomes introduce a novel approach to mining risk chains in urban rail transit operations,shedding light on the propagation mechanisms,triggering probabilities,and degrees of unsafety associated with risk sources.The results not only provide theoretical support but also offer methodological guidance for pinpointing locations of risk chain breaks and refining the control of risk sources.
基金Supported by Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology innovation Project:no.ZYKC201601002~~
文摘Objective： To compare the effect differences of electroacupuncture（EA） at Jiajǐ（夹脊 EX-B2） and conventional acupoints for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation（LIDH） and the factors influenced the effect during the way of data mining.Methods： A total of 160 patients of LIDH were randomly assigned into the EX-B2 group and the conventional acupoints group, 80 cases in each one. The patients in the EX-B2 group received EA at the symmetrical 2 acupoints of the bilateral EX-B2 on the lesion part. The patients in the conventional acupoints group received EA at the tender point of the lesion part, Zhibian（ 秩边BL54）, Huantiao（环跳 GB30）,weǐzhōng（委中BL40）, Chéngshān（承山BL57） and Fúyáng（跗阳BL59） on the affected side. The retain time of the needles is both 45 min. The treatment of the two groups is 3 times a week and for a connective 20 times. The modified Assessment Criteria for Low Lumbar Pain of Japanese Orthopedic Association（JOA）,Visual Analogue Scale（VAS） were evaluated before and after the treatment and at the 6-month follow up.Results：（1） Effective outcomes. JOA score： The JOA score of the patients in the EX-B2 group after treatment was（20.89 士 3.43）, and was（19.35 ±4.02） on the follow-up. Compared with the JOA score（12.35 ±4.42） in the same group before the treatment, there were statistical significant higher（both P0.05）. The JOA score in the EX-B2 group after treatment and on the follow-up were both higher than that of the conventional acupoints group at the same time point（both P0.05）. VAS score： The VAS score of the patients in the EX-B2 group on the 24 h after the first treatment was（4.09 ± 1.81）, and was（2.11 ± 1.30） after the treatment. Compared with the VAS score（4.09 ± 1.81） in the same group before the treatment, there were statistical significant lower（both P0.05）. The VAS score in the EX-B2 group on the 24 h after the first treatment and after treatment showed no statistical differences than that of the conventional acupoints group at the same time point（both P0.05）.（2）Related results from data mining： The middle-aged people and disease duration less than six months, their effect of the immediate treatment was the best. According to JOA score, EA at EX-B2 was better than EA conventional acupoints,either in the process of treatment effect, or in pertinence of the treatment, which were superior to EA conventional acupoints therapy; The best curative effect time of EA at EX-B2 was the first treatment after24 h, and the best curative effect of the conventional acupoints was after the first treatment. The age and disease duration also affected curative effect.Conclusion： The effect of EA at EX-B2 was superior to the conventional acupoints in treating LIDH.
