Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma ...Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma pathobiology.Conventional cell culture-based research(2D cell culture)is still playing a pivotal role,while several shortcomings have been recently under discussion.In vivo,mouse models are usually adopted for pre-clinical analyses with expectations to overcome the issues of 2D cell culture.However,they do not fully recapitulate human dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DDLPS)characteristics.Therefore,three-dimensional(3D)culture systems have been the recent research focus in the cell biology field with the expectation to overcome at the same time the disadvantages of 2D cell culture and in vivo animal models and fill in the gap between them.Given the liposarcoma rarity,we believe that 3D cell culture techniques,including 3D cell cultures/co-cultures,and Patient-Derived tumor Organoids(PDOs),represent a promising approach to facilitate liposarcoma investigation and elucidate its molecular mechanisms and effective therapy development.In this review,we first provide a general overview of 3D cell cultures compared to 2D cell cultures.We then focus on one of the recent 3D cell culture applications,Patient-Derived Organoids(PDOs),summarizing and discussing several PDO methodologies.Finally,we discuss the current and future applications of PDOs to sarcoma,particularly in the field of liposarcoma.展开更多
In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring t...In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring the scientific development trend and research hotspots in this field.The results show that the number of published documents shows a fluctuating upward trend,and the significant growth rate reflects the role of policy orientation in promoting the concept of compact city.The co-occurrence analysis of keywords reveals the research hotspots of“compact city”,“recreation space”and“urban park”,while the emergence of new keywords such as“vertical city”and“spatial justice”indicates the new trend of recent research.The cluster analysis and timeline map further show the evolution of research themes,with“compact city”being the largest cluster and having rich connections with other themes such as“urban design”and“urban park”.展开更多
BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are ne...BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are necessary.However,due to differences in race and sex,people’s body shapes vary.According to European guidelines,the patch should measure 10 cm×15 cm.If any part of the MPO is dissected,injury to the nerves,vascular network,or organs may occur during surgery,thereby leading to inguinal discomfort,pain,and seroma formation after surgery.Therefore,accurate localization and measurement of the boundary of the MPO are crucial for selecting the optimal patch for inguinal hernia repair.AIM To compare the size of the MPO measured on three-dimensional multislice spiral computed tomography(CT)with that measured via laparoscopy and explore the relevant factors influencing the size of the MPO.METHODS Clinical data from 74 patients who underwent laparoscopic tension-free inguinal hernia repair at the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology between September 2022 and July 2024 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Transabdominal preperitoneal was performed.Sixty-four males and 10 females,with an average age of 58.30±12.32 years,were included.The clinical data of the patients were collected.The boundary of the MPO was measured on three-dimensional CT images before surgery and then again during transabdominal preperitoneal.All the preoperative and intraoperative data were analyzed via paired t-tests.A t-test was used for comparisons of age,body mass index,and sex between the groups.In the comparative analysis,a P value less than 0.05 indicated a significant difference.RESULTS The boundaries of the MPO on 3-dimensional CT images measured 7.05±0.47 cm and 6.27±0.61 cm,and the area of the MPO was 19.54±3.33 cm^(2).The boundaries of the MPO during surgery were 7.18±0.51 cm and 6.17±0.40 cm.The errors were not statistically significant.However,the intraoperative BD(the width of the MPO,P=0.024,P<0.05)and preoperative AC(the length of the MPO,P=0.045,P<0.05)significantly differed according to sex.The AC and BD measurements before and during surgery were not significantly different according to age,body mass index,hernia side or hernia type(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of this technology can aid in determining the most appropriate dissection range and patch size.展开更多
Rock discontinuities control rock mechanical behaviors and significantly influence the stability of rock masses.However,existing discontinuity mapping algorithms are susceptible to noise,and the calculation results ca...Rock discontinuities control rock mechanical behaviors and significantly influence the stability of rock masses.However,existing discontinuity mapping algorithms are susceptible to noise,and the calculation results cannot be fed back to users timely.To address this issue,we proposed a human-machine interaction(HMI)method for discontinuity mapping.Users can help the algorithm identify the noise and make real-time result judgments and parameter adjustments.For this,a regular cube was selected to illustrate the workflows:(1)point cloud was acquired using remote sensing;(2)the HMI method was employed to select reference points and angle thresholds to detect group discontinuity;(3)individual discontinuities were extracted from the group discontinuity using a density-based cluster algorithm;and(4)the orientation of each discontinuity was measured based on a plane fitting algorithm.The method was applied to a well-studied highway road cut and a complex natural slope.The consistency of the computational results with field measurements demonstrates its good accuracy,and the average error in the dip direction and dip angle for both cases was less than 3.Finally,the computational time of the proposed method was compared with two other popular algorithms,and the reduction in computational time by tens of times proves its high computational efficiency.This method provides geologists and geological engineers with a new idea to map rapidly and accurately rock structures under large amounts of noises or unclear features.展开更多
Currently,there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions,despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D)braided composites into rotating blade compone...Currently,there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions,despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D)braided composites into rotating blade components.In this paper,a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established.Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions,the displacement variables of the plate are expressed.By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites,the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained.The effects of the speeds,braiding directions,and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion,respectively,are investigated.This paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions.It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of non-isotropic material plates in various applications.展开更多
In the field of calculating the attack area of air-to-air missiles in modern air combat scenarios,the limitations of existing research,including real-time calculation,accuracy efficiency trade-off,and the absence of t...In the field of calculating the attack area of air-to-air missiles in modern air combat scenarios,the limitations of existing research,including real-time calculation,accuracy efficiency trade-off,and the absence of the three-dimensional attack area model,restrict their practical applications.To address these issues,an improved backtracking algorithm is proposed to improve calculation efficiency.A significant reduction in solution time and maintenance of accuracy in the three-dimensional attack area are achieved by using the proposed algorithm.Furthermore,the age-layered population structure genetic programming(ALPS-GP)algorithm is introduced to determine an analytical polynomial model of the three-dimensional attack area,considering real-time requirements.The accuracy of the polynomial model is enhanced through the coefficient correction using an improved gradient descent algorithm.The study reveals a remarkable combination of high accuracy and efficient real-time computation,with a mean error of 91.89 m using the analytical polynomial model of the three-dimensional attack area solved in just 10^(-4)s,thus meeting the requirements of real-time combat scenarios.展开更多
This paper proposes an attitude control strategy for a flexible satellite equipped with an orthogonal cluster of three-dimensional(3D)magnetically suspended wheels(MSWs).The mathematical model for the satellite incorp...This paper proposes an attitude control strategy for a flexible satellite equipped with an orthogonal cluster of three-dimensional(3D)magnetically suspended wheels(MSWs).The mathematical model for the satellite incorporating flexible appendages and an orthogonal cluster of magnetically suspended reaction wheel actuators is initially developed.After that,an adaptive attitude controller is designed with a switching surface of variable structure,an adaptive law for estimating inertia matrix uncertainty,and a fuzzy disturbance observer for estimating disturbance torques.Additionally,a Moore-Penrose-based steering law is proposed to derive the tilt angle commands of the orthogonal configuration of the 3D MSW to follow the designed control signal.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.展开更多
Despite its utility in identifying patterns in celestial objects, the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is not supported in dim or small stars;it struggles to provide insights into certain celestial objects such as brown dw...Despite its utility in identifying patterns in celestial objects, the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is not supported in dim or small stars;it struggles to provide insights into certain celestial objects such as brown dwarfs [1]. The purpose of this experiment is to create an improved version of the diagram with a three-dimensional model that includes a third z-axis to accurately predict and chart the life cycles of all stars regardless of size. The values of the stars’ absolute magnitude and color indices were used to chart the surface gravity and metallicity, variables that were chosen due to their ease of collection and their likeliness to be within the range of values being assessed. To obtain the values for the model, data points from the database GAIA DR2 were utilized via the TAP protocol to query the SQL database. The data was transferred into a local CSV file to facilitate data manipulation. The data could be read and interpreted, as dim stars would likely have higher values of these variables, making it easier to include them in the diagram. The Pandas DataFrames tool on Python 3 was used to organize and manage the data efficiently. Matplotlib Graphs visualized the relationships between different stellar attributes by developing a linear regression line and an algorithm and creating scatter plots and sky maps to explore trends, hence designing three-dimensional diagrams. It was determined that the surface gravity diagram had a higher efficacy than metallicity due to their standard deviations of 0.4641441715272741 and 0.786577627976148, respectively.展开更多
BACKGROUND Prior studies have shown that preserving the left colic artery(LCA)during laparo-scopic radical resection for rectal cancer(RC)can reduce the occurrence of anasto-motic leakage(AL),without compromising onco...BACKGROUND Prior studies have shown that preserving the left colic artery(LCA)during laparo-scopic radical resection for rectal cancer(RC)can reduce the occurrence of anasto-motic leakage(AL),without compromising oncological outcomes.However,anatomical variations in the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery(IMA)and LCA present significant surgical challenges.In this study,we present our novel three dimensional(3D)printed IMA model designed to facilitate preoperative rehearsal and intraoperative navigation to analyze its impact on surgical safety.AIM To investigate the effect of 3D IMA models on preserving the LCA during RC surgery.METHODS We retrospectively collected clinical dates from patients with RC who underwent laparoscopic radical resection from January 2022 to May 2024 at Fuyang People’s Hospital.Patients were divided into the 3D printing and control groups for sta-tistical analysis of perioperative characteristics.RESULTS The 3D printing observation group comprised of 72 patients,while the control group comprised 68 patients.The operation time(174.5±38.2 minutes vs 198.5±49.6 minutes,P=0.002),intraoperative blood loss(43.9±31.3 mL vs 58.2±30.8 mL,P=0.005),duration of hospitalization(13.1±3.1 days vs 15.9±5.6 days,P<0.001),postoperative recovery time(8.6±2.6 days vs 10.5±4.9 days,P=0.007),and the postoperative complication rate(P<0.05)were all significantly lower in the observation group.CONCLUSION Utilization of a 3D-printed IMA model in laparoscopic radical resection of RC can assist surgeons in understanding the LCA anatomy preoperatively,thereby reducing intraoperative bleeding and shortening operating time,demonstrating better clinical application potential.展开更多
Through combined applications of the transfer-matrix method and asymptotic expansion technique,we formulate a theory to predict the three-dimensional response of micropolar plates.No ad hoc assumptions regarding throu...Through combined applications of the transfer-matrix method and asymptotic expansion technique,we formulate a theory to predict the three-dimensional response of micropolar plates.No ad hoc assumptions regarding through-thickness assumptions of the field variables are made,and the governing equations are two-dimensional,with the displacements and microrotations of the mid-plane as the unknowns.Once the deformation of the mid-plane is solved,a three-dimensional micropolar elastic field within the plate is generated,which is exact up to the second order except in the boundary region close to the plate edge.As an illustrative example,the bending of a clamped infinitely long plate caused by a uniformly distributed transverse force is analyzed and discussed in detail.展开更多
BACKGROUND Biliary stone disease is a highly prevalent condition and a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide.Hepatolithiasis with associated strictures has high residual and recurrence rates after traditional mul...BACKGROUND Biliary stone disease is a highly prevalent condition and a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide.Hepatolithiasis with associated strictures has high residual and recurrence rates after traditional multisession percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy(PTCSL).AIM To study one-step PTCSL using the percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation(PTOBF)technique guided by three-dimensional(3D)visualization.METHODS This was a retrospective,single-center study analyzing,140 patients who,between October 2016 and October 2023,underwent one-step PTCSL for hepatolithiasis.The patients were divided into two groups:The 3D-PTOBF group and the PTOBF group.Stone clearance on choledochoscopy,complications,and long-term clearance and recurrence rates were assessed.RESULTS Age,total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,Child-Pugh class,and stone location were similar between the 2 groups,but there was a significant difference in bile duct strictures,with biliary strictures more common in the 3D-PTOBF group(P=0.001).The median follow-up time was 55.0(55.0,512.0)days.The immediate stone clearance ratio(88.6%vs 27.1%,P=0.000)and stricture resolution ratio(97.1%vs 78.6%,P=0.001)in the 3D-PTOBF group were significantly greater than those in the PTOBF group.Postoperative complication(8.6%vs 41.4%,P=0.000)and stone recurrence rates(7.1%vs 38.6%,P=0.000)were significantly lower in the 3D-PTOBF group.CONCLUSION Three-dimensional visualization helps make one-step PTCSL a safe,effective,and promising treatment for patients with complicated primary hepatolithiasis.The perioperative and long-term outcomes are satisfactory for patients with complicated primary hepatolithiasis.This minimally invasive method has the potential to be used as a substitute for hepatobiliary surgery.展开更多
Hypoxia is a typical feature of the tumor microenvironment,one of the most critical factors affecting cell behavior and tumor progression.However,the lack of tumor models able to precisely emulate natural brain tumor ...Hypoxia is a typical feature of the tumor microenvironment,one of the most critical factors affecting cell behavior and tumor progression.However,the lack of tumor models able to precisely emulate natural brain tumor tissue has impeded the study of the effects of hypoxia on the progression and growth of tumor cells.This study reports a three-dimensional(3D)brain tumor model obtained by encapsulating U87MG(U87)cells in a hydrogel containing type I collagen.It also documents the effect of various oxygen concentrations(1%,7%,and 21%)in the culture environment on U87 cell morphology,proliferation,viability,cell cycle,apoptosis rate,and migration.Finally,it compares two-dimensional(2D)and 3D cultures.For comparison purposes,cells cultured in flat culture dishes were used as the control(2D model).Cells cultured in the 3D model proliferated more slowly but had a higher apoptosis rate and proportion of cells in the resting phase(G0 phase)/gap I phase(G1 phase)than those cultured in the 2D model.Besides,the two models yielded significantly different cell morphologies.Finally,hypoxia(e.g.,1%O2)affected cell morphology,slowed cell growth,reduced cell viability,and increased the apoptosis rate in the 3D model.These results indicate that the constructed 3D model is effective for investigating the effects of biological and chemical factors on cell morphology and function,and can be more representative of the tumor microenvironment than 2D culture systems.The developed 3D glioblastoma tumor model is equally applicable to other studies in pharmacology and pathology.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acetabular component positioning in total hip arthroplasty(THA)is of key importance to ensure satisfactory post-operative outcomes and to minimize the risk of complications.The majority of acetabular compon...BACKGROUND Acetabular component positioning in total hip arthroplasty(THA)is of key importance to ensure satisfactory post-operative outcomes and to minimize the risk of complications.The majority of acetabular components are aligned freehand,without the use of navigation methods.Patient specific instruments(PSI)and three-dimensional(3D)printing of THA placement guides are increasingly used in primary THA to ensure optimal positioning.AIM To summarize the literature on 3D printing in THA and how they improve acetabular component alignment.METHODS PubMed was used to identify and access scientific studies reporting on different 3D printing methods used in THA.Eight studies with 236 hips in 228 patients were included.The studies could be divided into two main categories;3D printed models and 3D printed guides.RESULTS 3D printing in THA helped improve preoperative cup size planning and post-operative Harris hip scores between intervention and control groups(P=0.019,P=0.009).Otherwise,outcome measures were heterogeneous and thus difficult to compare.The overarching consensus between the studies is that the use of 3D guidance tools can assist in improving THA cup positioning and reduce the need for revision THA and the associated costs.CONCLUSION The implementation of 3D printing and PSI for primary THA can significantly improve the positioning accuracy of the acetabular cup component and reduce the number of complications caused by malpositioning.展开更多
Liver regeneration and the development of effective therapies for liver failure remain formidable challenges in modern medicine.In recent years,the utilization of 3D cell-based strategies has emerged as a promising ap...Liver regeneration and the development of effective therapies for liver failure remain formidable challenges in modern medicine.In recent years,the utilization of 3D cell-based strategies has emerged as a promising approach for addressing these urgent clinical requirements.This review provides a thorough analysis of the application of 3D cell-based approaches to liver regeneration and their potential impact on patients with end-stage liver failure.Here,we discuss various 3D culture models that incorporate hepatocytes and stem cells to restore liver function and ameliorate the consequences of liver failure.Furthermore,we explored the challenges in transitioning these innovative strategies from preclinical studies to clinical applications.The collective insights presented herein highlight the significance of 3D cell-based strategies as a transformative paradigm for liver regeneration and improved patient care.展开更多
Methane in-situ explosion fracturing(MISEF)enhances permeability in shale reservoirs by detonating desorbed methane to generate detonation waves in perforations.Fracture propagation in bedding shale under varying expl...Methane in-situ explosion fracturing(MISEF)enhances permeability in shale reservoirs by detonating desorbed methane to generate detonation waves in perforations.Fracture propagation in bedding shale under varying explosion loads remains unclear.In this study,prefabricated perforated shale samples with parallel and vertical bedding are fractured under five distinct explosion loads using a MISEF experimental setup.High-frequency explosion pressure-time curves were monitored within an equivalent perforation,and computed tomography scanning along with three-dimensional reconstruction techniques were used to investigate fracture propagation patterns.Additionally,the formation mechanism and influencing factors of explosion crack-generated fines(CGF)were clarified by analyzing the morphology and statistics of explosion debris particles.The results indicate that methane explosion generated oscillating-pulse loads within perforations.Explosion characteristic parameters increase with increasing initial pressure.Explosion load and bedding orientation significantly influence fracture propagation patterns.As initial pressure increases,the fracture mode transitions from bi-wing to 4–5 radial fractures.In parallel bedding shale,radial fractures noticeably deflect along the bedding surface.Vertical bedding facilitates the development of transverse fractures oriented parallel to the cross-section.Bifurcation-merging of explosioninduced fractures generated CGF.CGF mass and fractal dimension increase,while average particle size decreases with increasing explosion load.This study provides valuable insights into MISEF technology.展开更多
The 2D limit equilibrium method is widely used for slope stability analysis.However,with the advancement of dump engineering,composite slopes often exhibit significant 3D mechanical effects.Consequently,it is of signi...The 2D limit equilibrium method is widely used for slope stability analysis.However,with the advancement of dump engineering,composite slopes often exhibit significant 3D mechanical effects.Consequently,it is of significant importance to develop an effective 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes to enhance the design and stability control of open-pit slope engineering.Using the composite slope formed by the mining stope and inner dump in Baiyinhua No.1 and No.2 open-pit coal mine as a case study,this research investigates the failure mode of composite slopes and establishes spatial shape equations for the sliding mass.By integrating the shear resistance and sliding force of each row of microstrip columns onto the bottom surface of the strip corresponding to the main sliding surface,a novel 2D equivalent physical and mechanical parameters analysis method for the strips on the main sliding surface of 3D sliding masses is proposed.Subsequently,a comprehensive 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes is developed,and the quantitative relationship between the coordinated development distance and its 3D stability coefficients is examined.The analysis reveals that the failure mode of the composite slope is characterized by cutting-bedding sliding,with the arc serving as the side interface and the weak layer as the bottom interface,while the destabilization mechanism primarily involves shear failure.The spatial form equation of the sliding mass comprises an ellipsoid and weak plane equation.The analysis revealed that when the coordinated development distance is 1500 m,the error rate between the 3D stability calculation result and the 2D stability calculation result of the composite slope is less than 8%,thereby verifying the proposed analytical method of equivalent physical and mechanical parameters and the 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes.Furthermore,the3D stability coefficient of the composite slope exhibits an exponential correlation with the coordinated development distance,with the coefficient gradually decreasing as the coordinated development distance increases.These findings provide a theoretical guideline for designing similar slope shape parameters and conducting stability analysis.展开更多
Spinal cord injury is considered one of the most difficult injuries to repair and has one of the worst prognoses for injuries to the nervous system.Following surgery,the poor regenerative capacity of nerve cells and t...Spinal cord injury is considered one of the most difficult injuries to repair and has one of the worst prognoses for injuries to the nervous system.Following surgery,the poor regenerative capacity of nerve cells and the generation of new scars can make it very difficult for the impaired nervous system to restore its neural functionality.Traditional treatments can only alleviate secondary injuries but cannot fundamentally repair the spinal cord.Consequently,there is a critical need to develop new treatments to promote functional repair after spinal cord injury.Over recent years,there have been seve ral developments in the use of stem cell therapy for the treatment of spinal cord injury.Alongside significant developments in the field of tissue engineering,three-dimensional bioprinting technology has become a hot research topic due to its ability to accurately print complex structures.This led to the loading of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds which provided precise cell localization.These three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds co uld repair damaged neural circuits and had the potential to repair the damaged spinal cord.In this review,we discuss the mechanisms underlying simple stem cell therapy,the application of different types of stem cells for the treatment of spinal cord injury,and the different manufa cturing methods for three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds.In particular,we focus on the development of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injury.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy is considered as a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Therefore,early detection of left ventricular systolic function(LVSF)damage in DM is essential.AIM To explore the use...BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy is considered as a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Therefore,early detection of left ventricular systolic function(LVSF)damage in DM is essential.AIM To explore the use of the three-dimensional speckle tracking technique(3D-STI)for measuring LVSF in DM patients via meta-analysis.METHODS The electronic databases were retrieved from the initial accessible time to 29 April 2023.The current study involved 9 studies,including 970 subjects.We carried out this meta-analysis to estimate myocardial function in DM compared with controls according to myocardial strain attained by 3D-STI.RESULTS Night articles including 970 subjects were included.No significant difference was detected in the left ventricular ejection fraction between the control and the diabetic group(P>0.05),while differences in global longitudinal strain,global circumferential strain,global radial strain,and global area strain were markedly different between the controls and DM patients(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The 3D-STI could be applied to accurately measure early LVSF damage in patients with DM.展开更多
In recent years,notable progress has been achieved in both the hardware and algorithms of structured illumination microscopy(SIM).Nevertheless,the advancement of three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy(3D...In recent years,notable progress has been achieved in both the hardware and algorithms of structured illumination microscopy(SIM).Nevertheless,the advancement of three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy(3DSIM)has been impeded by challenges arising from the speed and intricacy of polarization modulation.We introduce a high-speed modulation 3DSIM system,leveraging the polarizationmaintaining and modulation capabilities of a digital micromirror device(DMD)in conjunction with an electrooptic modulator.The DMD-3DSIM system yields a twofold enhancement in both lateral(133 nm)and axial(300 nm)resolution compared to wide-field imaging and can acquire a data set comprising 29 sections of 1024 pixels×1024 pixels,with 15 ms exposure time and 6.75 s per volume.The versatility of the DMD-3DSIM approach was exemplified through the imaging of various specimens,including fluorescent beads,nuclear pores,microtubules,actin filaments,and mitochondria within cells,as well as plant and animal tissues.Notably,polarized 3DSIM elucidated the orientation of actin filaments.Furthermore,the implementation of diverse deconvolution algorithms further enhances 3D resolution.The DMD-based 3DSIM system presents a rapid and reliable methodology for investigating biomedical phenomena,boasting capabilities encompassing 3D superresolution,fast temporal resolution,and polarization imaging.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to explore the applications of three-dimensional (3D) technology, including virtual reality, augmented reality (AR), and 3D printing system, in the field of medicine, particularly in renal i...Objective:This study aimed to explore the applications of three-dimensional (3D) technology, including virtual reality, augmented reality (AR), and 3D printing system, in the field of medicine, particularly in renal interventions for cancer treatment.Methods:A specialized software transforms 2D medical images into precise 3D digital models, facilitating improved anatomical understanding and surgical planning. Patient-specific 3D printed anatomical models are utilized for preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, and surgical education. AR technology enables the overlay of digital perceptions onto real-world surgical environments.Results:Patient-specific 3D printed anatomical models have multiple applications, such as preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, trainee education, and patient counseling. Virtual reality involves substituting the real world with a computer-generated 3D environment, while AR overlays digitally created perceptions onto the existing reality. The advances in 3D modeling technology have sparked considerable interest in their application to partial nephrectomy in the realm of renal cancer. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, constructs 3D objects based on computer-aided design or digital 3D models. Utilizing 3D-printed preoperative renal models provides benefits for surgical planning, offering a more reliable assessment of the tumor's relationship with vital anatomical structures and enabling better preparation for procedures. AR technology allows surgeons to visualize patient-specific renal anatomical structures and their spatial relationships with surrounding organs by projecting CT/MRI images onto a live laparoscopic video. Incorporating patient-specific 3D digital models into healthcare enhances best practice, resulting in improved patient care, increased patient satisfaction, and cost saving for the healthcare system.展开更多
文摘Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas,however,its occurrence rate is still rare compared to other cancers.Due to its rarity,in vitro experiments are an essential approach to elucidate liposarcoma pathobiology.Conventional cell culture-based research(2D cell culture)is still playing a pivotal role,while several shortcomings have been recently under discussion.In vivo,mouse models are usually adopted for pre-clinical analyses with expectations to overcome the issues of 2D cell culture.However,they do not fully recapitulate human dedifferentiated liposarcoma(DDLPS)characteristics.Therefore,three-dimensional(3D)culture systems have been the recent research focus in the cell biology field with the expectation to overcome at the same time the disadvantages of 2D cell culture and in vivo animal models and fill in the gap between them.Given the liposarcoma rarity,we believe that 3D cell culture techniques,including 3D cell cultures/co-cultures,and Patient-Derived tumor Organoids(PDOs),represent a promising approach to facilitate liposarcoma investigation and elucidate its molecular mechanisms and effective therapy development.In this review,we first provide a general overview of 3D cell cultures compared to 2D cell cultures.We then focus on one of the recent 3D cell culture applications,Patient-Derived Organoids(PDOs),summarizing and discussing several PDO methodologies.Finally,we discuss the current and future applications of PDOs to sarcoma,particularly in the field of liposarcoma.
基金Sponsored by the Project of Sichuan Landscape and Recreation Research Center(JGYQ2020037).
文摘In this study,CiteSpace software is used to carry out visual analysis on the three-dimensional research literature on urban recreation space from the perspective of compact city theory in the past 20 years,exploring the scientific development trend and research hotspots in this field.The results show that the number of published documents shows a fluctuating upward trend,and the significant growth rate reflects the role of policy orientation in promoting the concept of compact city.The co-occurrence analysis of keywords reveals the research hotspots of“compact city”,“recreation space”and“urban park”,while the emergence of new keywords such as“vertical city”and“spatial justice”indicates the new trend of recent research.The cluster analysis and timeline map further show the evolution of research themes,with“compact city”being the largest cluster and having rich connections with other themes such as“urban design”and“urban park”.
基金Supported by the 2022 Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Higher Education Institutions,No.2022sx031the 2023 Provincial Quality Engineering Project for Higher Education Institutions,No.2023jyxm1071.
文摘BACKGROUND Inguinal hernias are common after surgery.Tension-free repair is widely accepted as the main method for managing inguinal hernias.Adequate exposure,coverage,and repair of the myopectineal orifice(MPO)are necessary.However,due to differences in race and sex,people’s body shapes vary.According to European guidelines,the patch should measure 10 cm×15 cm.If any part of the MPO is dissected,injury to the nerves,vascular network,or organs may occur during surgery,thereby leading to inguinal discomfort,pain,and seroma formation after surgery.Therefore,accurate localization and measurement of the boundary of the MPO are crucial for selecting the optimal patch for inguinal hernia repair.AIM To compare the size of the MPO measured on three-dimensional multislice spiral computed tomography(CT)with that measured via laparoscopy and explore the relevant factors influencing the size of the MPO.METHODS Clinical data from 74 patients who underwent laparoscopic tension-free inguinal hernia repair at the General Surgery Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology between September 2022 and July 2024 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Transabdominal preperitoneal was performed.Sixty-four males and 10 females,with an average age of 58.30±12.32 years,were included.The clinical data of the patients were collected.The boundary of the MPO was measured on three-dimensional CT images before surgery and then again during transabdominal preperitoneal.All the preoperative and intraoperative data were analyzed via paired t-tests.A t-test was used for comparisons of age,body mass index,and sex between the groups.In the comparative analysis,a P value less than 0.05 indicated a significant difference.RESULTS The boundaries of the MPO on 3-dimensional CT images measured 7.05±0.47 cm and 6.27±0.61 cm,and the area of the MPO was 19.54±3.33 cm^(2).The boundaries of the MPO during surgery were 7.18±0.51 cm and 6.17±0.40 cm.The errors were not statistically significant.However,the intraoperative BD(the width of the MPO,P=0.024,P<0.05)and preoperative AC(the length of the MPO,P=0.045,P<0.05)significantly differed according to sex.The AC and BD measurements before and during surgery were not significantly different according to age,body mass index,hernia side or hernia type(P>0.05).CONCLUSION The application of this technology can aid in determining the most appropriate dissection range and patch size.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3081200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42077264)the Scientific Research Project of PowerChina Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited(HDEC-2022-0301).
文摘Rock discontinuities control rock mechanical behaviors and significantly influence the stability of rock masses.However,existing discontinuity mapping algorithms are susceptible to noise,and the calculation results cannot be fed back to users timely.To address this issue,we proposed a human-machine interaction(HMI)method for discontinuity mapping.Users can help the algorithm identify the noise and make real-time result judgments and parameter adjustments.For this,a regular cube was selected to illustrate the workflows:(1)point cloud was acquired using remote sensing;(2)the HMI method was employed to select reference points and angle thresholds to detect group discontinuity;(3)individual discontinuities were extracted from the group discontinuity using a density-based cluster algorithm;and(4)the orientation of each discontinuity was measured based on a plane fitting algorithm.The method was applied to a well-studied highway road cut and a complex natural slope.The consistency of the computational results with field measurements demonstrates its good accuracy,and the average error in the dip direction and dip angle for both cases was less than 3.Finally,the computational time of the proposed method was compared with two other popular algorithms,and the reduction in computational time by tens of times proves its high computational efficiency.This method provides geologists and geological engineers with a new idea to map rapidly and accurately rock structures under large amounts of noises or unclear features.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12372071 and 12372070)the Aeronautical Science Fund of China(No.2022Z055052001)the Foundation of China Scholarship Council(No.202306830079)。
文摘Currently,there are a limited number of dynamic models available for braided composite plates with large overall motions,despite the incorporation of three-dimensional(3D)braided composites into rotating blade components.In this paper,a dynamic model of 3D 4-directional braided composite thin plates considering braiding directions is established.Based on Kirchhoff's plate assumptions,the displacement variables of the plate are expressed.By incorporating the braiding directions into the constitutive equation of the braided composites,the dynamic model of the plate considering braiding directions is obtained.The effects of the speeds,braiding directions,and braided angles on the responses of the plate with fixed-axis rotation and translational motion,respectively,are investigated.This paper presents a dynamic theory for calculating the deformation of 3D braided composite structures undergoing both translational and rotational motions.It also provides a simulation method for investigating the dynamic behavior of non-isotropic material plates in various applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62373187)Forward-looking Layout Special Projects(ILA220591A22)。
文摘In the field of calculating the attack area of air-to-air missiles in modern air combat scenarios,the limitations of existing research,including real-time calculation,accuracy efficiency trade-off,and the absence of the three-dimensional attack area model,restrict their practical applications.To address these issues,an improved backtracking algorithm is proposed to improve calculation efficiency.A significant reduction in solution time and maintenance of accuracy in the three-dimensional attack area are achieved by using the proposed algorithm.Furthermore,the age-layered population structure genetic programming(ALPS-GP)algorithm is introduced to determine an analytical polynomial model of the three-dimensional attack area,considering real-time requirements.The accuracy of the polynomial model is enhanced through the coefficient correction using an improved gradient descent algorithm.The study reveals a remarkable combination of high accuracy and efficient real-time computation,with a mean error of 91.89 m using the analytical polynomial model of the three-dimensional attack area solved in just 10^(-4)s,thus meeting the requirements of real-time combat scenarios.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.W2433004 and 12472015)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)(No.MCMS-I-0122K01).
文摘This paper proposes an attitude control strategy for a flexible satellite equipped with an orthogonal cluster of three-dimensional(3D)magnetically suspended wheels(MSWs).The mathematical model for the satellite incorporating flexible appendages and an orthogonal cluster of magnetically suspended reaction wheel actuators is initially developed.After that,an adaptive attitude controller is designed with a switching surface of variable structure,an adaptive law for estimating inertia matrix uncertainty,and a fuzzy disturbance observer for estimating disturbance torques.Additionally,a Moore-Penrose-based steering law is proposed to derive the tilt angle commands of the orthogonal configuration of the 3D MSW to follow the designed control signal.Finally,numerical simulations are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
文摘Despite its utility in identifying patterns in celestial objects, the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is not supported in dim or small stars;it struggles to provide insights into certain celestial objects such as brown dwarfs [1]. The purpose of this experiment is to create an improved version of the diagram with a three-dimensional model that includes a third z-axis to accurately predict and chart the life cycles of all stars regardless of size. The values of the stars’ absolute magnitude and color indices were used to chart the surface gravity and metallicity, variables that were chosen due to their ease of collection and their likeliness to be within the range of values being assessed. To obtain the values for the model, data points from the database GAIA DR2 were utilized via the TAP protocol to query the SQL database. The data was transferred into a local CSV file to facilitate data manipulation. The data could be read and interpreted, as dim stars would likely have higher values of these variables, making it easier to include them in the diagram. The Pandas DataFrames tool on Python 3 was used to organize and manage the data efficiently. Matplotlib Graphs visualized the relationships between different stellar attributes by developing a linear regression line and an algorithm and creating scatter plots and sky maps to explore trends, hence designing three-dimensional diagrams. It was determined that the surface gravity diagram had a higher efficacy than metallicity due to their standard deviations of 0.4641441715272741 and 0.786577627976148, respectively.
基金Supported by the Health Commission of Fuyang City,No.FY2021-18Bengbu Medical College of Bengbu City,No.2023byzd215the Health Commission Anhui Provence,No.AHWJ2023BAa20164.
文摘BACKGROUND Prior studies have shown that preserving the left colic artery(LCA)during laparo-scopic radical resection for rectal cancer(RC)can reduce the occurrence of anasto-motic leakage(AL),without compromising oncological outcomes.However,anatomical variations in the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery(IMA)and LCA present significant surgical challenges.In this study,we present our novel three dimensional(3D)printed IMA model designed to facilitate preoperative rehearsal and intraoperative navigation to analyze its impact on surgical safety.AIM To investigate the effect of 3D IMA models on preserving the LCA during RC surgery.METHODS We retrospectively collected clinical dates from patients with RC who underwent laparoscopic radical resection from January 2022 to May 2024 at Fuyang People’s Hospital.Patients were divided into the 3D printing and control groups for sta-tistical analysis of perioperative characteristics.RESULTS The 3D printing observation group comprised of 72 patients,while the control group comprised 68 patients.The operation time(174.5±38.2 minutes vs 198.5±49.6 minutes,P=0.002),intraoperative blood loss(43.9±31.3 mL vs 58.2±30.8 mL,P=0.005),duration of hospitalization(13.1±3.1 days vs 15.9±5.6 days,P<0.001),postoperative recovery time(8.6±2.6 days vs 10.5±4.9 days,P=0.007),and the postoperative complication rate(P<0.05)were all significantly lower in the observation group.CONCLUSION Utilization of a 3D-printed IMA model in laparoscopic radical resection of RC can assist surgeons in understanding the LCA anatomy preoperatively,thereby reducing intraoperative bleeding and shortening operating time,demonstrating better clinical application potential.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 12072337)。
文摘Through combined applications of the transfer-matrix method and asymptotic expansion technique,we formulate a theory to predict the three-dimensional response of micropolar plates.No ad hoc assumptions regarding through-thickness assumptions of the field variables are made,and the governing equations are two-dimensional,with the displacements and microrotations of the mid-plane as the unknowns.Once the deformation of the mid-plane is solved,a three-dimensional micropolar elastic field within the plate is generated,which is exact up to the second order except in the boundary region close to the plate edge.As an illustrative example,the bending of a clamped infinitely long plate caused by a uniformly distributed transverse force is analyzed and discussed in detail.
基金Supported by The Key Medical Specialty Nurturing Program of Foshan During The 14th Five-Year Plan Period,No.FSPY145205The Medical Research Project of Foshan Health Bureau,No.20230814A010024+1 种基金The Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project,No.202102010251the Guangdong Science and Technology Program,No.2017ZC0222.
文摘BACKGROUND Biliary stone disease is a highly prevalent condition and a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide.Hepatolithiasis with associated strictures has high residual and recurrence rates after traditional multisession percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy(PTCSL).AIM To study one-step PTCSL using the percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation(PTOBF)technique guided by three-dimensional(3D)visualization.METHODS This was a retrospective,single-center study analyzing,140 patients who,between October 2016 and October 2023,underwent one-step PTCSL for hepatolithiasis.The patients were divided into two groups:The 3D-PTOBF group and the PTOBF group.Stone clearance on choledochoscopy,complications,and long-term clearance and recurrence rates were assessed.RESULTS Age,total bilirubin,direct bilirubin,Child-Pugh class,and stone location were similar between the 2 groups,but there was a significant difference in bile duct strictures,with biliary strictures more common in the 3D-PTOBF group(P=0.001).The median follow-up time was 55.0(55.0,512.0)days.The immediate stone clearance ratio(88.6%vs 27.1%,P=0.000)and stricture resolution ratio(97.1%vs 78.6%,P=0.001)in the 3D-PTOBF group were significantly greater than those in the PTOBF group.Postoperative complication(8.6%vs 41.4%,P=0.000)and stone recurrence rates(7.1%vs 38.6%,P=0.000)were significantly lower in the 3D-PTOBF group.CONCLUSION Three-dimensional visualization helps make one-step PTCSL a safe,effective,and promising treatment for patients with complicated primary hepatolithiasis.The perioperative and long-term outcomes are satisfactory for patients with complicated primary hepatolithiasis.This minimally invasive method has the potential to be used as a substitute for hepatobiliary surgery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52275291)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Program for Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province,China (No. 2023-CX-TD-17)
文摘Hypoxia is a typical feature of the tumor microenvironment,one of the most critical factors affecting cell behavior and tumor progression.However,the lack of tumor models able to precisely emulate natural brain tumor tissue has impeded the study of the effects of hypoxia on the progression and growth of tumor cells.This study reports a three-dimensional(3D)brain tumor model obtained by encapsulating U87MG(U87)cells in a hydrogel containing type I collagen.It also documents the effect of various oxygen concentrations(1%,7%,and 21%)in the culture environment on U87 cell morphology,proliferation,viability,cell cycle,apoptosis rate,and migration.Finally,it compares two-dimensional(2D)and 3D cultures.For comparison purposes,cells cultured in flat culture dishes were used as the control(2D model).Cells cultured in the 3D model proliferated more slowly but had a higher apoptosis rate and proportion of cells in the resting phase(G0 phase)/gap I phase(G1 phase)than those cultured in the 2D model.Besides,the two models yielded significantly different cell morphologies.Finally,hypoxia(e.g.,1%O2)affected cell morphology,slowed cell growth,reduced cell viability,and increased the apoptosis rate in the 3D model.These results indicate that the constructed 3D model is effective for investigating the effects of biological and chemical factors on cell morphology and function,and can be more representative of the tumor microenvironment than 2D culture systems.The developed 3D glioblastoma tumor model is equally applicable to other studies in pharmacology and pathology.
文摘BACKGROUND Acetabular component positioning in total hip arthroplasty(THA)is of key importance to ensure satisfactory post-operative outcomes and to minimize the risk of complications.The majority of acetabular components are aligned freehand,without the use of navigation methods.Patient specific instruments(PSI)and three-dimensional(3D)printing of THA placement guides are increasingly used in primary THA to ensure optimal positioning.AIM To summarize the literature on 3D printing in THA and how they improve acetabular component alignment.METHODS PubMed was used to identify and access scientific studies reporting on different 3D printing methods used in THA.Eight studies with 236 hips in 228 patients were included.The studies could be divided into two main categories;3D printed models and 3D printed guides.RESULTS 3D printing in THA helped improve preoperative cup size planning and post-operative Harris hip scores between intervention and control groups(P=0.019,P=0.009).Otherwise,outcome measures were heterogeneous and thus difficult to compare.The overarching consensus between the studies is that the use of 3D guidance tools can assist in improving THA cup positioning and reduce the need for revision THA and the associated costs.CONCLUSION The implementation of 3D printing and PSI for primary THA can significantly improve the positioning accuracy of the acetabular cup component and reduce the number of complications caused by malpositioning.
基金This work was supported by grants fromthe Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC1877).
文摘Liver regeneration and the development of effective therapies for liver failure remain formidable challenges in modern medicine.In recent years,the utilization of 3D cell-based strategies has emerged as a promising approach for addressing these urgent clinical requirements.This review provides a thorough analysis of the application of 3D cell-based approaches to liver regeneration and their potential impact on patients with end-stage liver failure.Here,we discuss various 3D culture models that incorporate hepatocytes and stem cells to restore liver function and ameliorate the consequences of liver failure.Furthermore,we explored the challenges in transitioning these innovative strategies from preclinical studies to clinical applications.The collective insights presented herein highlight the significance of 3D cell-based strategies as a transformative paradigm for liver regeneration and improved patient care.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0711800)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.51925404)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12372373)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX24_2909)the Graduate Innovation Program of China University of Mining and Technology(No.2024WLKXJ134)。
文摘Methane in-situ explosion fracturing(MISEF)enhances permeability in shale reservoirs by detonating desorbed methane to generate detonation waves in perforations.Fracture propagation in bedding shale under varying explosion loads remains unclear.In this study,prefabricated perforated shale samples with parallel and vertical bedding are fractured under five distinct explosion loads using a MISEF experimental setup.High-frequency explosion pressure-time curves were monitored within an equivalent perforation,and computed tomography scanning along with three-dimensional reconstruction techniques were used to investigate fracture propagation patterns.Additionally,the formation mechanism and influencing factors of explosion crack-generated fines(CGF)were clarified by analyzing the morphology and statistics of explosion debris particles.The results indicate that methane explosion generated oscillating-pulse loads within perforations.Explosion characteristic parameters increase with increasing initial pressure.Explosion load and bedding orientation significantly influence fracture propagation patterns.As initial pressure increases,the fracture mode transitions from bi-wing to 4–5 radial fractures.In parallel bedding shale,radial fractures noticeably deflect along the bedding surface.Vertical bedding facilitates the development of transverse fractures oriented parallel to the cross-section.Bifurcation-merging of explosioninduced fractures generated CGF.CGF mass and fractal dimension increase,while average particle size decreases with increasing explosion load.This study provides valuable insights into MISEF technology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52374124)National Youth Science Foundation of China (No.52204135)+3 种基金Xing Liao Talent Plan (No.XLYC2202004)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (No.2023QNRC001)Liaoning Province International Science and Technology Cooperation Plan (No.2022JH2/1070004)Liaoning Natural Science Foundation Program (No.2022-BS-327)。
文摘The 2D limit equilibrium method is widely used for slope stability analysis.However,with the advancement of dump engineering,composite slopes often exhibit significant 3D mechanical effects.Consequently,it is of significant importance to develop an effective 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes to enhance the design and stability control of open-pit slope engineering.Using the composite slope formed by the mining stope and inner dump in Baiyinhua No.1 and No.2 open-pit coal mine as a case study,this research investigates the failure mode of composite slopes and establishes spatial shape equations for the sliding mass.By integrating the shear resistance and sliding force of each row of microstrip columns onto the bottom surface of the strip corresponding to the main sliding surface,a novel 2D equivalent physical and mechanical parameters analysis method for the strips on the main sliding surface of 3D sliding masses is proposed.Subsequently,a comprehensive 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes is developed,and the quantitative relationship between the coordinated development distance and its 3D stability coefficients is examined.The analysis reveals that the failure mode of the composite slope is characterized by cutting-bedding sliding,with the arc serving as the side interface and the weak layer as the bottom interface,while the destabilization mechanism primarily involves shear failure.The spatial form equation of the sliding mass comprises an ellipsoid and weak plane equation.The analysis revealed that when the coordinated development distance is 1500 m,the error rate between the 3D stability calculation result and the 2D stability calculation result of the composite slope is less than 8%,thereby verifying the proposed analytical method of equivalent physical and mechanical parameters and the 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes.Furthermore,the3D stability coefficient of the composite slope exhibits an exponential correlation with the coordinated development distance,with the coefficient gradually decreasing as the coordinated development distance increases.These findings provide a theoretical guideline for designing similar slope shape parameters and conducting stability analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82171380(to CD)Jiangsu Students’Platform for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program,No.202110304098Y(to DJ)。
文摘Spinal cord injury is considered one of the most difficult injuries to repair and has one of the worst prognoses for injuries to the nervous system.Following surgery,the poor regenerative capacity of nerve cells and the generation of new scars can make it very difficult for the impaired nervous system to restore its neural functionality.Traditional treatments can only alleviate secondary injuries but cannot fundamentally repair the spinal cord.Consequently,there is a critical need to develop new treatments to promote functional repair after spinal cord injury.Over recent years,there have been seve ral developments in the use of stem cell therapy for the treatment of spinal cord injury.Alongside significant developments in the field of tissue engineering,three-dimensional bioprinting technology has become a hot research topic due to its ability to accurately print complex structures.This led to the loading of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds which provided precise cell localization.These three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds co uld repair damaged neural circuits and had the potential to repair the damaged spinal cord.In this review,we discuss the mechanisms underlying simple stem cell therapy,the application of different types of stem cells for the treatment of spinal cord injury,and the different manufa cturing methods for three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds.In particular,we focus on the development of three-dimensional bioprinting scaffolds for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy is considered as a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus(DM).Therefore,early detection of left ventricular systolic function(LVSF)damage in DM is essential.AIM To explore the use of the three-dimensional speckle tracking technique(3D-STI)for measuring LVSF in DM patients via meta-analysis.METHODS The electronic databases were retrieved from the initial accessible time to 29 April 2023.The current study involved 9 studies,including 970 subjects.We carried out this meta-analysis to estimate myocardial function in DM compared with controls according to myocardial strain attained by 3D-STI.RESULTS Night articles including 970 subjects were included.No significant difference was detected in the left ventricular ejection fraction between the control and the diabetic group(P>0.05),while differences in global longitudinal strain,global circumferential strain,global radial strain,and global area strain were markedly different between the controls and DM patients(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION The 3D-STI could be applied to accurately measure early LVSF damage in patients with DM.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Award No.2022YFC3401100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘In recent years,notable progress has been achieved in both the hardware and algorithms of structured illumination microscopy(SIM).Nevertheless,the advancement of three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy(3DSIM)has been impeded by challenges arising from the speed and intricacy of polarization modulation.We introduce a high-speed modulation 3DSIM system,leveraging the polarizationmaintaining and modulation capabilities of a digital micromirror device(DMD)in conjunction with an electrooptic modulator.The DMD-3DSIM system yields a twofold enhancement in both lateral(133 nm)and axial(300 nm)resolution compared to wide-field imaging and can acquire a data set comprising 29 sections of 1024 pixels×1024 pixels,with 15 ms exposure time and 6.75 s per volume.The versatility of the DMD-3DSIM approach was exemplified through the imaging of various specimens,including fluorescent beads,nuclear pores,microtubules,actin filaments,and mitochondria within cells,as well as plant and animal tissues.Notably,polarized 3DSIM elucidated the orientation of actin filaments.Furthermore,the implementation of diverse deconvolution algorithms further enhances 3D resolution.The DMD-based 3DSIM system presents a rapid and reliable methodology for investigating biomedical phenomena,boasting capabilities encompassing 3D superresolution,fast temporal resolution,and polarization imaging.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to explore the applications of three-dimensional (3D) technology, including virtual reality, augmented reality (AR), and 3D printing system, in the field of medicine, particularly in renal interventions for cancer treatment.Methods:A specialized software transforms 2D medical images into precise 3D digital models, facilitating improved anatomical understanding and surgical planning. Patient-specific 3D printed anatomical models are utilized for preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, and surgical education. AR technology enables the overlay of digital perceptions onto real-world surgical environments.Results:Patient-specific 3D printed anatomical models have multiple applications, such as preoperative planning, intraoperative guidance, trainee education, and patient counseling. Virtual reality involves substituting the real world with a computer-generated 3D environment, while AR overlays digitally created perceptions onto the existing reality. The advances in 3D modeling technology have sparked considerable interest in their application to partial nephrectomy in the realm of renal cancer. 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, constructs 3D objects based on computer-aided design or digital 3D models. Utilizing 3D-printed preoperative renal models provides benefits for surgical planning, offering a more reliable assessment of the tumor's relationship with vital anatomical structures and enabling better preparation for procedures. AR technology allows surgeons to visualize patient-specific renal anatomical structures and their spatial relationships with surrounding organs by projecting CT/MRI images onto a live laparoscopic video. Incorporating patient-specific 3D digital models into healthcare enhances best practice, resulting in improved patient care, increased patient satisfaction, and cost saving for the healthcare system.
