Microstructural characterization,mass loss tests,hydrogen evolution tests,electrochemical measurements,and corrosion morphology observations were conducted to investigate the effect of the secondary phases on the corr...Microstructural characterization,mass loss tests,hydrogen evolution tests,electrochemical measurements,and corrosion morphology observations were conducted to investigate the effect of the secondary phases on the corrosion behavior of the as-cast Mg−7Sn−1Zn−1Y(TZW711)alloy after solution treatment(T4)and aging treatment(T6).The results show that the T4-TZW711 alloy possesses the highest corrosion resistance in the early corrosion stage.This is because the dissolution of Mg2Sn reduces the cathodic current density and increases the charge transfer resistance(Rct).When the corrosion time is prolonged,the undissolved and clustered MgSnY phase will peel off from the T4-TZW711 alloy surface,thereby increasing the corrosion rate of the alloy.After aging treatment,the undissolved MgSnY phase is dispersed,which results in a lower localized corrosion sensitivity of T6-TZW711 alloy than that of the T4-TZW711 alloy,suggesting that the T6 treatment can enhance the corrosion resistance of Mg−7Sn−1Zn−1Y alloys.展开更多
Objective: The measurement of phase angles is an important monitoring parameter and supplementation with omega-3 could promote benefits by modulating the electrical potential of membranes and increasing body cell mass...Objective: The measurement of phase angles is an important monitoring parameter and supplementation with omega-3 could promote benefits by modulating the electrical potential of membranes and increasing body cell mass. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the phase angle of people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods: In this study, 63 individuals of all genders who were undergoing outpatient follow-up and showed lipodystrophy due to highly active antiretroviral therapy were analyzed. Our sample consisted of two groups, one that received supplementation containing 2550 mg of omega-3/day (1080 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid and 720 mg of docosahexaenoic acid) for three months (n = 32) and another that underwent nutrition guidance (n = 31). Phase angle and body cell mass were assessed for both groups and compared at the beginning of research (T0) and after our intervention (T1) for each group separately. Results: Phase angle averaged 6.45° ± 1.06 SD. The comparison between T0 and T1 showed a significant increase in phase angle and body cell mass, whereas the guidance group showed a decrease in body cell mass at T1 in relation to T0, with a significant p-value. Variance in phase angle between moments showed significant values between T0 and T1 in the supplementation group for all genders. Conclusion: Omega-3 positively modulated patients phase angle and body cell mass, but we emphasize the need for other studies that can solidify knowledge about supplementation dosage and intervention time.展开更多
In this study,a phase-field scheme that rigorously obeys conservation laws and irreversible thermodynamics is developed for modeling stress-corrosion coupled damage(SCCD).The coupling constitutive relationships of the...In this study,a phase-field scheme that rigorously obeys conservation laws and irreversible thermodynamics is developed for modeling stress-corrosion coupled damage(SCCD).The coupling constitutive relationships of the deformation,phase-field damage,mass transfer,and electrostatic field are derived from the entropy inequality.The SCCD localization induced by secondary phases in Mg is numerically simulated using the implicit iterative algorithm of the self-defined finite elements.The quantitative evaluation of the SCCD of a C-ring is in good agreement with the experimental results.To capture the damage localization,a micro-galvanic corrosion domain is defined,and the buffering effect on charge migration is explored.Three cases are investigated to reveal the effect of localization on corrosion acceleration and provide guidance for the design for resistance to SCCD at the crystal scale.展开更多
Grain-oriented silicon steels were prepared at different heating rates during high temperature annealing,in which the evolution of magnetic properties,grain orientations and precipitates were studied.To illustrate the...Grain-oriented silicon steels were prepared at different heating rates during high temperature annealing,in which the evolution of magnetic properties,grain orientations and precipitates were studied.To illustrate the Zener factor,the diameter and number density of precipitates of interrupted testing samples were statistically calculated.The effect of precipitate ripening on the Goss texture and magnetic property was investigated.Data indicated that the trend of Zener factor was similar under different heating rates,first increasing and then decreasing,and that the precipitate maturing was greatly inhibited as the heating rate increased.Secondary recrystallization was developed at the temperature of 1010℃when a heating rate of 5℃/h was used,resulting in Goss,Brass and{110}<227>oriented grains growing abnormally and a magnetic induction intensity of 1.90T.Furthermore,increasing the heating rate to 20℃/h would inhibit the development of undesirable oriented grains and obtain a sharp Goss texture.However,when the heating rate was extremely fast,such as 40℃/h,poor secondary recrystallization was developed with many island grains,corresponding to a decrease in magnetic induction intensity to 1.87 T.At a suitable heating rate of 20℃/h,the sharpest Goss texture and the highest magnetic induction of 1.94 T with an onset secondary recrystallization temperature of 1020℃were found among the experimental variables in this study.The heating rate affected the initial temperature of secondary recrystallization by controlling the maturation of precipitates,leading to the deviation and dispersion of Goss texture,thereby reducing the magnetic properties.展开更多
Spinal cord injury is an intractable traumatic injury. The most common hurdles faced during spinal cord injury are failure of axonal regrowth and reconnection to target sites. These also tend to be the most challengin...Spinal cord injury is an intractable traumatic injury. The most common hurdles faced during spinal cord injury are failure of axonal regrowth and reconnection to target sites. These also tend to be the most challenging issues in spinal cord injury. As spinal cord injury progresses to the chronic phase, lost motor and sensory functions are not recovered. Several reasons may be attributed to the failure of recovery from chronic spinal cord injury. These include factors that inhibit axonal growth such as activated astrocytes, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, myelin-associated proteins, inflammatory microglia, and fibroblasts that accumulate at lesion sites. Skeletal muscle atrophy due to denervation is another chronic and detrimental spinal cord injury–specific condition. Although several intervention strategies based on multiple outlooks have been attempted for treating spinal cord injury, few approaches have been successful. To treat chronic spinal cord injury, neural cells or tissue substitutes may need to be supplied in the cavity area to enable possible axonal growth. Additionally, stimulating axonal growth activity by extrinsic factors is extremely important and essential for maintaining the remaining host neurons and transplanted neurons. This review focuses on pharmacotherapeutic approaches using small compounds and proteins to enable axonal growth in chronic spinal cord injury. This review presents some of these candidates that have shown promising outcomes in basic research(in vivo animal studies) and clinical trials: AA-NgR(310)ecto-Fc(AXER-204), fasudil, phosphatase and tensin homolog protein antagonist peptide 4, chondroitinase ABC, intracellular sigma peptide,(-)-epigallocatechin gallate, matrine, acteoside, pyrvate kinase M2, diosgenin, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and fampridine-sustained release. Although the current situation suggests that drug-based therapies to recover function in chronic spinal cord injury are limited, potential candidates have been identified through basic research, and these candidates may be subjects of clinical studies in the future. Moreover, cocktail therapy comprising drugs with varied underlying mechanisms may be effective in treating the refractory status of chronic spinal cord injury.展开更多
As an advanced device for observing atmospheric winds,the spaceborne Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne(DASH)interferometer also encounters challenges associated with phase distortion,par-ticularly in limb sounding...As an advanced device for observing atmospheric winds,the spaceborne Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne(DASH)interferometer also encounters challenges associated with phase distortion,par-ticularly in limb sounding scenarios.This paper discusses interferogram modeling and phase distortion cor-rection techniques for spaceborne DASH interferometers.The modeling of phase distortion interferograms with and without Doppler shift for limb observation was conducted,and the effectiveness of the analytical expression was verified through numerical simulation.The simulation results indicate that errors propagate layer by layer while using the onion-peeling inversion algorithm to handle phase-distorted interferograms.In contrast,the phase distortion correction algorithm can achieve effective correction.This phase correction method can be successfully applied to correct phase distortions in the interferograms of the spaceborne DASH interferometer,providing a feasible solution to enhance its measurement accuracy.展开更多
We adopted the solution impregnation route with aluminum dihydrogen phosphate solution as liquid medium for effective surface modification on graphite substrate.The mass ratio of graphite to Al(H_(2)PO_(4))_(3) change...We adopted the solution impregnation route with aluminum dihydrogen phosphate solution as liquid medium for effective surface modification on graphite substrate.The mass ratio of graphite to Al(H_(2)PO_(4))_(3) changed from 0.5:1 to 4:1,and the impregnation time changed from 1 to 7 h.The typical composite phase change thermal storage materials doped with the as-treated graphite were fabricated using form-stable technique.To investigate the oxidation and anti-oxidation behavior of the impregnated graphite at high temperatures,the samples were put into a muffle furnace for a cyclic heat test.Based on SEM,EDS,DSC techniques,analyses on the impregnated technique suggested an optimized processing conditions of a 3 h impregnation time with the ratio of graphite:Al(H_(2)PO_(4))_(3) as 1:3 for graphite impregnation treatment.Further investigations on high-temperature phase change heat storage materials doped by the treated graphite suggested excellent oxidation resistance and thermal cycling performance.展开更多
Gradient magnetic heterointerfaces have injected infinite vitality in optimizing impedance matching,adjusting dielectric/magnetic resonance and promoting electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption,but still exist a significan...Gradient magnetic heterointerfaces have injected infinite vitality in optimizing impedance matching,adjusting dielectric/magnetic resonance and promoting electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption,but still exist a significant challenging in regulating local phase evolution.Herein,accordion-shaped Co/Co_(3)O_(4)@N-doped carbon nanosheets(Co/Co_(3)O_(4)@NC)with gradient magnetic heterointerfaces have been fabricated via the cooperative high-temperature carbonization and lowtemperature oxidation process.The results indicate that the surface epitaxial growth of crystal Co_(3)O_(4) domains on local Co nanoparticles realizes the adjustment of magnetic-heteroatomic components,which are beneficial for optimizing impedance matching and interfacial polarization.Moreover,gradient magnetic heterointerfaces simultaneously realize magnetic coupling,and long-range magnetic diffraction.Specifically,the synthesized Co/Co_(3)O_(4)@NC absorbents display the strong electromagnetic wave attenuation capability of−53.5 dB at a thickness of 3.0 mm with an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.36 GHz,both are superior to those of single magnetic domains embedded in carbon matrix.This design concept provides us an inspiration in optimizing interfacial polarization,regulating magnetic coupling and promoting electromagnetic wave absorption.展开更多
Secondary aluminum dross(SAD)is a rich source of recyclable aluminum but poses considerable risk due to its high AlN con-tent.Therefore,thoroughly removing AlN is essential,but intricate aluminum components and expens...Secondary aluminum dross(SAD)is a rich source of recyclable aluminum but poses considerable risk due to its high AlN con-tent.Therefore,thoroughly removing AlN is essential,but intricate aluminum components and expensive additives pose challenges to the process.In this study,waste sodium acetate is proposed as an environmentally friendly additive for completely removing AlN and enhan-cing the extraction of aluminum from SAD.Through the exothermic decomposition of NaAc,reactions can occur at 850℃.AlN removal efficiency reached 93.19%after sintering,whereas Al leaching efficiency in the subsequent leaching process reached 90.49%,which were 37.86%and 375.26%higher than the removal efficiency of the control,respectively.These favorable results were attributed to the com-prehensive transformation of aluminum species.The formation of soluble phase Na_(1.95)Al_(1.95)Si_(0.05)O_(4)occurred during the destruction of the Al_(2)O_(3)layer surrounding AlN and the transformation of other aluminum components.AlN decomposed upon contact with NaAc.There-fore,this study utilizes the decomposition properties of NaAc to provide an efficient and environmentally friendly route for removing AlN and extracting Al from SAD.展开更多
The article"Secondary diabetes due to different etiologies:Four case reports"by Song et al,published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,delves into the identi-fication of rare causes of secondary diabete...The article"Secondary diabetes due to different etiologies:Four case reports"by Song et al,published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,delves into the identi-fication of rare causes of secondary diabetes and emphasizes the necessity for healthcare professionals to recognize these conditions.Failure to do so can result in treatment delays and compromised patient outcomes.The article discusses spe-cific types of diabetes,including maturity onset of diabetes in young,pancreas-related diseases,endocrinopathies,drug-induced diabetes,infections,and con-genital genetic syndromes associated with diabetes mellitus.Case summaries highlight how patients with secondary diabetes,stemming from conditions such as Williams-Beuren syndrome and pituitary adenoma,often exhibit distinct characteristics overlooked in clinical practice.The authors stress the importance of a holistic diagnostic approach and advocate for proactive management through early intervention,including genetic tests and antibody detection.Increased awa-reness and education are crucial for timely identification and proper management,ultimately improving patient well-being.These findings prompt a call to action for healthcare professionals to consider rare causes of secondary diabetes,facili-tating better glycemic control and overall patient care.展开更多
Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is a common severe emergency in neurosurgery,causing tremendous economic pressure on families and society and devastating effects on patients both physically and psychologically,especially...Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is a common severe emergency in neurosurgery,causing tremendous economic pressure on families and society and devastating effects on patients both physically and psychologically,especially among patients with poor functional outcomes.ICH is often accompanied by decreased consciousness and limb dysfunction.This seriously affects patients’ability to live independently.Although rapid advances in neurosurgery have greatly improved patient survival,there remains insufficient evidence that surgical treatment significantly improves long-term outcomes.With in-depth pathophysiological studies after ICH,increasing evidence has shown that secondary injury after ICH is related to long-term prognosis and that the key to secondary injury is various immune-mediated neuroinflammatory reactions after ICH.In basic and clinical studies of various systemic inflammatory diseases,triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1/2(TREM-1/2),and the TREM receptor family is closely related to the inflammatory response.Various inflammatory diseases can be upregulated and downregulated through receptor intervention.How the TREM receptor functions after ICH,the types of results from intervention,and whether the outcomes can improve secondary brain injury and the long-term prognosis of patients are unknown.An analysis of relevant research results from basic and clinical trials revealed that the inhibition of TREM-1 and the activation of TREM-2 can alleviate the neuroinflammatory immune response,significantly improve the long-term prognosis of neurological function in patients with cerebral hemorrhage,and thus improve the ability of patients to live independently.展开更多
This research was carried out to identify the most effective plant species for air purification based on environmental factors. The existence of plants beside roadways can be considered a more efficient approach to im...This research was carried out to identify the most effective plant species for air purification based on environmental factors. The existence of plants beside roadways can be considered a more efficient approach to improving air quality and minimizing pollution exposure. The samples for this research were collected from various sites across the streets of Jeddah governorate. The primary sources of air pollution in the research area are vehicle traffic and emissions from cars. Eight species were gathered from various streets in Jeddah governorate, namely, Azadirachta indica, Senna sulfurea, Ziziphus spina-christi, Cordia sebestena, Tecoma stans, Bougainvillea spectabilis, Conocarpus lancifolius, and Ixora coccinea. The leaves of the studied plants were analyzed for secondary compounds using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Gas-chromatographic analyses revealed that bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was found in every plant. Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, a widespread environmental pollutant. Moreover, Cordia sebestena was the sole plant that contained Phenol, 2,2’-methylenebis [6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl] which is part of the phenols category. Environmental conditions can affect the production of secondary metabolites. By tracking the concentrations of these substances, researchers can evaluate the well-being of ecosystems and identify pollution.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the mechanism of endophytic fungi mediating the plant growth and promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Camellia oleifera.[Methods]Four strains of endophytic fungi isolated f...[Objectives]To investigate the mechanism of endophytic fungi mediating the plant growth and promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Camellia oleifera.[Methods]Four strains of endophytic fungi isolated from the rhizomes of C.oleifera were co-cultured with C.oleifera seedlings individually in sterile soil for 49 d:Didymella sp.(DS),Fusarium sp.(FS),Penicillium sp.(PS),and Clonostachys rosea(CR).[Results]The biological activities of the four fungal strains differed,but all exhibited the ability to promote quercetin accumulation while simultaneously reducing quercetin glycosides after co-culture with C.oleifera seedlings.The DS,FS and PS treatments resulted in a significant increase in the leaf area of C.oleifera,with all of the experimental groups exhibiting a weight increase of over 50%compared to the control(CON)group.[Conclusions]Our findings demonstrate the potential utility of endophytic fungi in the production of C.oleifera,highlighting their capacity to enhance both productivity and the accumulation of plant metabolites.展开更多
In the energy industry landscape,thermal power generation stands as a critical energy supply method,and the safety of its construction and operation is paramount.Currently,all stages of the life cycle of construction ...In the energy industry landscape,thermal power generation stands as a critical energy supply method,and the safety of its construction and operation is paramount.Currently,all stages of the life cycle of construction projects have garnered widespread attention.Among these,the infrastructure construction and operation phases of thermal power generation enterprises pose numerous issues worthy of in-depth study in terms of safety production management.This article starts by examining safety production management during these two phases,analyzing characteristics such as management models,legal bases,and responsible entities.It explores the reasons behind these characteristics and elaborates on key management priorities,providing a comprehensive and insightful reference for safety production management in thermal power generation enterprises.展开更多
Comprehensive understanding of the direct transformation pathway from graphite to diamond under high temperature and high pressure has long been one of the fundamental goals in materials science.Despite considerable e...Comprehensive understanding of the direct transformation pathway from graphite to diamond under high temperature and high pressure has long been one of the fundamental goals in materials science.Despite considerable experimental and theoretical progress,current experimental studies have mainly focused on the local microstructural characterizations of recovered samples,which has certain limitations for hightemperature and high-pressure products,which often exhibit diversity.Here,we report on the pressure-induced phase transition behavior of natural single-crystal graphite under three distinct pressure-transmitting media from a macroscopic perspective using in situ two-dimensional Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and atomic force microscopy.The surface evolution process of graphite before and after the phase transition is captured,revealing that pressure-induced surface textures can impede the continuity of the phase transition process across the entire single crystal.Our results provide a fresh perspective for studying the phase transition behavior of graphite and greatly deepen our understanding of this behavior,which will be helpful in guiding further high-temperature and high-pressure syntheses of carbon allotropes.展开更多
To quantify physicians'risk and time preferences and explore the association between the preferences and their willingness to detect and disclose secondary findings(SFs)derived from genome-scale sequencing.We desi...To quantify physicians'risk and time preferences and explore the association between the preferences and their willingness to detect and disclose secondary findings(SFs)derived from genome-scale sequencing.We designed a webbased survey incorporating a multiple price list(MPL)as the instrument for risk and time preference measurement.The estimation was under the expected utility theory(EUT)and rank dependent utility(RDU)frameworks,respectively.The isoelastic and power function utility models were applied.We received responses from 87 physicians,among whom 46 completed the questionnaire(a completion rate of 52.9%).We observed positive risk-aversion coefficients under EUT(0.33,95%CI 0.15-0.51)and RDU(0.51,95%CI 0.32-0.71),suggesting that physicians were generally risk-averse.Respondents were likely to underestimate probabilities of low to moderate levels,and slightly overestimate high-level probabilities.Physicians supporting the detection and disclosure of SFs had a larger risk-aversion coefficient and a smaller discounting parameter than the non-supporters,suggesting that they were more risk-averse and discounted future utility less.Assuming heterogeneous risk perception,we found respondents underestimated low/moderate risk and slightly overestimated high risk.This study indicates that physicians who are risk-averse and discount future utility slightly are willing to detect and return SFs.The findings contribute to the debate surrounding SF disclosure and generate implications for shared decision-making in clinical genome-scale sequencing.展开更多
Guangdong Han Opera,known as the“Peony of the South,”is a treasured art form with a history of over 300 years.As one of the three major opera genres in Guangdong,it primarily uses Pi and Huang tuning,incorporating K...Guangdong Han Opera,known as the“Peony of the South,”is a treasured art form with a history of over 300 years.As one of the three major opera genres in Guangdong,it primarily uses Pi and Huang tuning,incorporating Kunqu,Gaoqiang,Chuiqiang,and minor tunes,with Zhongzhou rhyme as its stage language.The roles are divided into seven categories:Sheng,Dan,Chou,Gong,Po,and Jing(including Hongjing and Wujing).Its accompaniment instruments,particularly the Touxian,Dasuluo,and Haotou,are distinctive,making it an excellent Pi and Huang opera genre in southern China.In 2008,Guangdong Han Opera was listed in the national intangible cultural heritage,recognizing its artistic value and entrusting it with the mission of inheriting and developing this opera genre.This paper focuses on the Guangdong Han Opera“Wang Zhaojun”and employs methods such as literature review and case analysis to explore its achievements in secondary creation and artistic innovation.The opera has achieved innovations in script,character,music,and stagecraft,and made breakthroughs in performance form,narrative technique,and cultural connotation,promoting the inheritance and development of Guangdong Han Opera and providing insights into contemporary drama innovation.展开更多
Electron beam fluorescence technology is an advanced non-contact measurement in rarefied flow fields,and the fluorescence signal intensity is positively correlated with the electron beam current.The ion bombardment se...Electron beam fluorescence technology is an advanced non-contact measurement in rarefied flow fields,and the fluorescence signal intensity is positively correlated with the electron beam current.The ion bombardment secondary emission electron gun is suitable for the technology.To enhance the beam current,COMSOL simulations and analyses were conducted to examine plasma density distribution in the discharge chamber under the effects of various conditions and the electric field distribution between the cathode and the spacer gap.The anode shape and discharge pressure conditions were optimized to increase plasma density.Additionally,an improved spacer structure was designed with the dual purpose of enhancing the electric field distribution between the cathode-spacer gaps and improving vacuum differential effects.This design modification aims to increase the pass rate of secondary electrons.Both simulation and experimental results demonstrated that the performance of the optimized electron gun was effectively enhanced.When the electrode voltage remains constant and the discharge gas pressure is adjusted to around 8 Pa,the maximum beam current was increased from 0.9 mA to 1.6 mA.展开更多
Enhanced mass concentrations of aromatic-derived secondary organic aerosol(SOA)are frequently observed during humid-haze events.However,the influencing mechanism of relative humidity(RH)in aromatic-derived SOA formati...Enhanced mass concentrations of aromatic-derived secondary organic aerosol(SOA)are frequently observed during humid-haze events.However,the influencing mechanism of relative humidity(RH)in aromatic-derived SOA formation remains incompletely understood.Here,the RH dependence of SOA formation in the presence of NOx was explored by a series of chamber experiments for toluene(TOL)and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene(TMB)photooxidation.The yield of TOL SOA and TMB SOA increased by 221%and 52%with increasing RH from~8%to~70%,respectively.Analytical results from a high-resolution mass spectrometer showed that SOA constituents with high oxygen content(O/C>0.6)were more abundant in SOA formed in the~70%RH experiment.The elevated yields and O/C of SOA could be attributed to the promoted formation and particle-phase diffusivity of highly oxidized molecules.In addition,in comparison with TMB,TOL could produce more unsaturated aldehydes,which are oxidized into carboxylic acids with high O/C,leading to a more sensitive response of TOL SOA formation to the change in RH.Our work provides mechanistic insights into RH roles in aromatic SOA formation and is helpful for a better understanding of humid-haze events.展开更多
Given the rapid development of advanced information systems,microgrids(MGs)suffer from more potential attacks that affect their operational performance.Conventional distributed secondary control with a small,fixed sam...Given the rapid development of advanced information systems,microgrids(MGs)suffer from more potential attacks that affect their operational performance.Conventional distributed secondary control with a small,fixed sampling time period inevitably causes the wasteful use of communication resources.This paper proposes a self-triggered secondary control scheme under perturbations from false data injection(FDI)attacks.We designed a linear clock for each DG to trigger its controller at aperiodic and intermittent instants.Sub-sequently,a hash-based defense mechanism(HDM)is designed for detecting and eliminating malicious data infiltrated in the MGs.With the aid of HDM,a self-triggered control scheme achieves the secondary control objectives even in the presence of FDI attacks.Rigorous theoretical analyses and simulation results indicate that the introduced secondary control scheme significantly reduces communication costs and enhances the resilience of MGs under FDI attacks.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52301041,52022017,52065009,52371005)Special Fund for Special Posts of Guizhou University,China(No.[2023]26)+1 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Guizhou Province,China(No.ZK2021269)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.DUT23YG104)。
文摘Microstructural characterization,mass loss tests,hydrogen evolution tests,electrochemical measurements,and corrosion morphology observations were conducted to investigate the effect of the secondary phases on the corrosion behavior of the as-cast Mg−7Sn−1Zn−1Y(TZW711)alloy after solution treatment(T4)and aging treatment(T6).The results show that the T4-TZW711 alloy possesses the highest corrosion resistance in the early corrosion stage.This is because the dissolution of Mg2Sn reduces the cathodic current density and increases the charge transfer resistance(Rct).When the corrosion time is prolonged,the undissolved and clustered MgSnY phase will peel off from the T4-TZW711 alloy surface,thereby increasing the corrosion rate of the alloy.After aging treatment,the undissolved MgSnY phase is dispersed,which results in a lower localized corrosion sensitivity of T6-TZW711 alloy than that of the T4-TZW711 alloy,suggesting that the T6 treatment can enhance the corrosion resistance of Mg−7Sn−1Zn−1Y alloys.
文摘Objective: The measurement of phase angles is an important monitoring parameter and supplementation with omega-3 could promote benefits by modulating the electrical potential of membranes and increasing body cell mass. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the phase angle of people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods: In this study, 63 individuals of all genders who were undergoing outpatient follow-up and showed lipodystrophy due to highly active antiretroviral therapy were analyzed. Our sample consisted of two groups, one that received supplementation containing 2550 mg of omega-3/day (1080 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid and 720 mg of docosahexaenoic acid) for three months (n = 32) and another that underwent nutrition guidance (n = 31). Phase angle and body cell mass were assessed for both groups and compared at the beginning of research (T0) and after our intervention (T1) for each group separately. Results: Phase angle averaged 6.45° ± 1.06 SD. The comparison between T0 and T1 showed a significant increase in phase angle and body cell mass, whereas the guidance group showed a decrease in body cell mass at T1 in relation to T0, with a significant p-value. Variance in phase angle between moments showed significant values between T0 and T1 in the supplementation group for all genders. Conclusion: Omega-3 positively modulated patients phase angle and body cell mass, but we emphasize the need for other studies that can solidify knowledge about supplementation dosage and intervention time.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11872216 and 12272192)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY22A020002)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City(No.202003N4083)the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Ningbo UniversityNingbo Science and Technology Major Project(No.2022Z002)。
文摘In this study,a phase-field scheme that rigorously obeys conservation laws and irreversible thermodynamics is developed for modeling stress-corrosion coupled damage(SCCD).The coupling constitutive relationships of the deformation,phase-field damage,mass transfer,and electrostatic field are derived from the entropy inequality.The SCCD localization induced by secondary phases in Mg is numerically simulated using the implicit iterative algorithm of the self-defined finite elements.The quantitative evaluation of the SCCD of a C-ring is in good agreement with the experimental results.To capture the damage localization,a micro-galvanic corrosion domain is defined,and the buffering effect on charge migration is explored.Three cases are investigated to reveal the effect of localization on corrosion acceleration and provide guidance for the design for resistance to SCCD at the crystal scale.
文摘Grain-oriented silicon steels were prepared at different heating rates during high temperature annealing,in which the evolution of magnetic properties,grain orientations and precipitates were studied.To illustrate the Zener factor,the diameter and number density of precipitates of interrupted testing samples were statistically calculated.The effect of precipitate ripening on the Goss texture and magnetic property was investigated.Data indicated that the trend of Zener factor was similar under different heating rates,first increasing and then decreasing,and that the precipitate maturing was greatly inhibited as the heating rate increased.Secondary recrystallization was developed at the temperature of 1010℃when a heating rate of 5℃/h was used,resulting in Goss,Brass and{110}<227>oriented grains growing abnormally and a magnetic induction intensity of 1.90T.Furthermore,increasing the heating rate to 20℃/h would inhibit the development of undesirable oriented grains and obtain a sharp Goss texture.However,when the heating rate was extremely fast,such as 40℃/h,poor secondary recrystallization was developed with many island grains,corresponding to a decrease in magnetic induction intensity to 1.87 T.At a suitable heating rate of 20℃/h,the sharpest Goss texture and the highest magnetic induction of 1.94 T with an onset secondary recrystallization temperature of 1020℃were found among the experimental variables in this study.The heating rate affected the initial temperature of secondary recrystallization by controlling the maturation of precipitates,leading to the deviation and dispersion of Goss texture,thereby reducing the magnetic properties.
文摘Spinal cord injury is an intractable traumatic injury. The most common hurdles faced during spinal cord injury are failure of axonal regrowth and reconnection to target sites. These also tend to be the most challenging issues in spinal cord injury. As spinal cord injury progresses to the chronic phase, lost motor and sensory functions are not recovered. Several reasons may be attributed to the failure of recovery from chronic spinal cord injury. These include factors that inhibit axonal growth such as activated astrocytes, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, myelin-associated proteins, inflammatory microglia, and fibroblasts that accumulate at lesion sites. Skeletal muscle atrophy due to denervation is another chronic and detrimental spinal cord injury–specific condition. Although several intervention strategies based on multiple outlooks have been attempted for treating spinal cord injury, few approaches have been successful. To treat chronic spinal cord injury, neural cells or tissue substitutes may need to be supplied in the cavity area to enable possible axonal growth. Additionally, stimulating axonal growth activity by extrinsic factors is extremely important and essential for maintaining the remaining host neurons and transplanted neurons. This review focuses on pharmacotherapeutic approaches using small compounds and proteins to enable axonal growth in chronic spinal cord injury. This review presents some of these candidates that have shown promising outcomes in basic research(in vivo animal studies) and clinical trials: AA-NgR(310)ecto-Fc(AXER-204), fasudil, phosphatase and tensin homolog protein antagonist peptide 4, chondroitinase ABC, intracellular sigma peptide,(-)-epigallocatechin gallate, matrine, acteoside, pyrvate kinase M2, diosgenin, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, and fampridine-sustained release. Although the current situation suggests that drug-based therapies to recover function in chronic spinal cord injury are limited, potential candidates have been identified through basic research, and these candidates may be subjects of clinical studies in the future. Moreover, cocktail therapy comprising drugs with varied underlying mechanisms may be effective in treating the refractory status of chronic spinal cord injury.
文摘As an advanced device for observing atmospheric winds,the spaceborne Doppler Asymmetric Spatial Heterodyne(DASH)interferometer also encounters challenges associated with phase distortion,par-ticularly in limb sounding scenarios.This paper discusses interferogram modeling and phase distortion cor-rection techniques for spaceborne DASH interferometers.The modeling of phase distortion interferograms with and without Doppler shift for limb observation was conducted,and the effectiveness of the analytical expression was verified through numerical simulation.The simulation results indicate that errors propagate layer by layer while using the onion-peeling inversion algorithm to handle phase-distorted interferograms.In contrast,the phase distortion correction algorithm can achieve effective correction.This phase correction method can be successfully applied to correct phase distortions in the interferograms of the spaceborne DASH interferometer,providing a feasible solution to enhance its measurement accuracy.
基金Funded by Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Carbon Emission Peak and Carbon Neutrality of Jiangsu Province(No.BE2022028-4)。
文摘We adopted the solution impregnation route with aluminum dihydrogen phosphate solution as liquid medium for effective surface modification on graphite substrate.The mass ratio of graphite to Al(H_(2)PO_(4))_(3) changed from 0.5:1 to 4:1,and the impregnation time changed from 1 to 7 h.The typical composite phase change thermal storage materials doped with the as-treated graphite were fabricated using form-stable technique.To investigate the oxidation and anti-oxidation behavior of the impregnated graphite at high temperatures,the samples were put into a muffle furnace for a cyclic heat test.Based on SEM,EDS,DSC techniques,analyses on the impregnated technique suggested an optimized processing conditions of a 3 h impregnation time with the ratio of graphite:Al(H_(2)PO_(4))_(3) as 1:3 for graphite impregnation treatment.Further investigations on high-temperature phase change heat storage materials doped by the treated graphite suggested excellent oxidation resistance and thermal cycling performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52373271)Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality under Grant(KCXFZ20201221173004012)+1 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-YBNY-271)Open Testing Foundation of the Analytical&Testing Center of Northwestern Polytechnical University(2023T019).
文摘Gradient magnetic heterointerfaces have injected infinite vitality in optimizing impedance matching,adjusting dielectric/magnetic resonance and promoting electromagnetic(EM)wave absorption,but still exist a significant challenging in regulating local phase evolution.Herein,accordion-shaped Co/Co_(3)O_(4)@N-doped carbon nanosheets(Co/Co_(3)O_(4)@NC)with gradient magnetic heterointerfaces have been fabricated via the cooperative high-temperature carbonization and lowtemperature oxidation process.The results indicate that the surface epitaxial growth of crystal Co_(3)O_(4) domains on local Co nanoparticles realizes the adjustment of magnetic-heteroatomic components,which are beneficial for optimizing impedance matching and interfacial polarization.Moreover,gradient magnetic heterointerfaces simultaneously realize magnetic coupling,and long-range magnetic diffraction.Specifically,the synthesized Co/Co_(3)O_(4)@NC absorbents display the strong electromagnetic wave attenuation capability of−53.5 dB at a thickness of 3.0 mm with an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.36 GHz,both are superior to those of single magnetic domains embedded in carbon matrix.This design concept provides us an inspiration in optimizing interfacial polarization,regulating magnetic coupling and promoting electromagnetic wave absorption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22276062)the Guangdong Science and Technology Program,China(No.2020B121201003).
文摘Secondary aluminum dross(SAD)is a rich source of recyclable aluminum but poses considerable risk due to its high AlN con-tent.Therefore,thoroughly removing AlN is essential,but intricate aluminum components and expensive additives pose challenges to the process.In this study,waste sodium acetate is proposed as an environmentally friendly additive for completely removing AlN and enhan-cing the extraction of aluminum from SAD.Through the exothermic decomposition of NaAc,reactions can occur at 850℃.AlN removal efficiency reached 93.19%after sintering,whereas Al leaching efficiency in the subsequent leaching process reached 90.49%,which were 37.86%and 375.26%higher than the removal efficiency of the control,respectively.These favorable results were attributed to the com-prehensive transformation of aluminum species.The formation of soluble phase Na_(1.95)Al_(1.95)Si_(0.05)O_(4)occurred during the destruction of the Al_(2)O_(3)layer surrounding AlN and the transformation of other aluminum components.AlN decomposed upon contact with NaAc.There-fore,this study utilizes the decomposition properties of NaAc to provide an efficient and environmentally friendly route for removing AlN and extracting Al from SAD.
文摘The article"Secondary diabetes due to different etiologies:Four case reports"by Song et al,published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,delves into the identi-fication of rare causes of secondary diabetes and emphasizes the necessity for healthcare professionals to recognize these conditions.Failure to do so can result in treatment delays and compromised patient outcomes.The article discusses spe-cific types of diabetes,including maturity onset of diabetes in young,pancreas-related diseases,endocrinopathies,drug-induced diabetes,infections,and con-genital genetic syndromes associated with diabetes mellitus.Case summaries highlight how patients with secondary diabetes,stemming from conditions such as Williams-Beuren syndrome and pituitary adenoma,often exhibit distinct characteristics overlooked in clinical practice.The authors stress the importance of a holistic diagnostic approach and advocate for proactive management through early intervention,including genetic tests and antibody detection.Increased awa-reness and education are crucial for timely identification and proper management,ultimately improving patient well-being.These findings prompt a call to action for healthcare professionals to consider rare causes of secondary diabetes,facili-tating better glycemic control and overall patient care.
基金Supported by Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Plan Project,No.2020ZDLSF01-02Doctor Foundation of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University,No.X2Y-R11.
文摘Intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)is a common severe emergency in neurosurgery,causing tremendous economic pressure on families and society and devastating effects on patients both physically and psychologically,especially among patients with poor functional outcomes.ICH is often accompanied by decreased consciousness and limb dysfunction.This seriously affects patients’ability to live independently.Although rapid advances in neurosurgery have greatly improved patient survival,there remains insufficient evidence that surgical treatment significantly improves long-term outcomes.With in-depth pathophysiological studies after ICH,increasing evidence has shown that secondary injury after ICH is related to long-term prognosis and that the key to secondary injury is various immune-mediated neuroinflammatory reactions after ICH.In basic and clinical studies of various systemic inflammatory diseases,triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1/2(TREM-1/2),and the TREM receptor family is closely related to the inflammatory response.Various inflammatory diseases can be upregulated and downregulated through receptor intervention.How the TREM receptor functions after ICH,the types of results from intervention,and whether the outcomes can improve secondary brain injury and the long-term prognosis of patients are unknown.An analysis of relevant research results from basic and clinical trials revealed that the inhibition of TREM-1 and the activation of TREM-2 can alleviate the neuroinflammatory immune response,significantly improve the long-term prognosis of neurological function in patients with cerebral hemorrhage,and thus improve the ability of patients to live independently.
文摘This research was carried out to identify the most effective plant species for air purification based on environmental factors. The existence of plants beside roadways can be considered a more efficient approach to improving air quality and minimizing pollution exposure. The samples for this research were collected from various sites across the streets of Jeddah governorate. The primary sources of air pollution in the research area are vehicle traffic and emissions from cars. Eight species were gathered from various streets in Jeddah governorate, namely, Azadirachta indica, Senna sulfurea, Ziziphus spina-christi, Cordia sebestena, Tecoma stans, Bougainvillea spectabilis, Conocarpus lancifolius, and Ixora coccinea. The leaves of the studied plants were analyzed for secondary compounds using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) techniques. Gas-chromatographic analyses revealed that bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was found in every plant. Bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, a widespread environmental pollutant. Moreover, Cordia sebestena was the sole plant that contained Phenol, 2,2’-methylenebis [6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl] which is part of the phenols category. Environmental conditions can affect the production of secondary metabolites. By tracking the concentrations of these substances, researchers can evaluate the well-being of ecosystems and identify pollution.
基金Supported by the Key Field Project of Guizhou Provincial Education Department(KY[2021]044)Guizhou Forestry Science Research Project(QJH KY[2021]11)Guizhou Higher Education Characteristic Key Laboratory Construction Project(QJH KY[2021]002).
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the mechanism of endophytic fungi mediating the plant growth and promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites in Camellia oleifera.[Methods]Four strains of endophytic fungi isolated from the rhizomes of C.oleifera were co-cultured with C.oleifera seedlings individually in sterile soil for 49 d:Didymella sp.(DS),Fusarium sp.(FS),Penicillium sp.(PS),and Clonostachys rosea(CR).[Results]The biological activities of the four fungal strains differed,but all exhibited the ability to promote quercetin accumulation while simultaneously reducing quercetin glycosides after co-culture with C.oleifera seedlings.The DS,FS and PS treatments resulted in a significant increase in the leaf area of C.oleifera,with all of the experimental groups exhibiting a weight increase of over 50%compared to the control(CON)group.[Conclusions]Our findings demonstrate the potential utility of endophytic fungi in the production of C.oleifera,highlighting their capacity to enhance both productivity and the accumulation of plant metabolites.
文摘In the energy industry landscape,thermal power generation stands as a critical energy supply method,and the safety of its construction and operation is paramount.Currently,all stages of the life cycle of construction projects have garnered widespread attention.Among these,the infrastructure construction and operation phases of thermal power generation enterprises pose numerous issues worthy of in-depth study in terms of safety production management.This article starts by examining safety production management during these two phases,analyzing characteristics such as management models,legal bases,and responsible entities.It explores the reasons behind these characteristics and elaborates on key management priorities,providing a comprehensive and insightful reference for safety production management in thermal power generation enterprises.
基金support from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(Grant No.T2225027)the NSAF(Grant No.U1930401)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(MOST)(Grant No.2023YFA1406500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.61674045).
文摘Comprehensive understanding of the direct transformation pathway from graphite to diamond under high temperature and high pressure has long been one of the fundamental goals in materials science.Despite considerable experimental and theoretical progress,current experimental studies have mainly focused on the local microstructural characterizations of recovered samples,which has certain limitations for hightemperature and high-pressure products,which often exhibit diversity.Here,we report on the pressure-induced phase transition behavior of natural single-crystal graphite under three distinct pressure-transmitting media from a macroscopic perspective using in situ two-dimensional Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and atomic force microscopy.The surface evolution process of graphite before and after the phase transition is captured,revealing that pressure-induced surface textures can impede the continuity of the phase transition process across the entire single crystal.Our results provide a fresh perspective for studying the phase transition behavior of graphite and greatly deepen our understanding of this behavior,which will be helpful in guiding further high-temperature and high-pressure syntheses of carbon allotropes.
文摘To quantify physicians'risk and time preferences and explore the association between the preferences and their willingness to detect and disclose secondary findings(SFs)derived from genome-scale sequencing.We designed a webbased survey incorporating a multiple price list(MPL)as the instrument for risk and time preference measurement.The estimation was under the expected utility theory(EUT)and rank dependent utility(RDU)frameworks,respectively.The isoelastic and power function utility models were applied.We received responses from 87 physicians,among whom 46 completed the questionnaire(a completion rate of 52.9%).We observed positive risk-aversion coefficients under EUT(0.33,95%CI 0.15-0.51)and RDU(0.51,95%CI 0.32-0.71),suggesting that physicians were generally risk-averse.Respondents were likely to underestimate probabilities of low to moderate levels,and slightly overestimate high-level probabilities.Physicians supporting the detection and disclosure of SFs had a larger risk-aversion coefficient and a smaller discounting parameter than the non-supporters,suggesting that they were more risk-averse and discounted future utility less.Assuming heterogeneous risk perception,we found respondents underestimated low/moderate risk and slightly overestimated high risk.This study indicates that physicians who are risk-averse and discount future utility slightly are willing to detect and return SFs.The findings contribute to the debate surrounding SF disclosure and generate implications for shared decision-making in clinical genome-scale sequencing.
基金This work was supported by the sub-topic“Research on Language Folklore Art”of the 2022 China National Social Science Fund Art Major Project“Theoretical and Practical Research on Chinese Art Folklore”(Moderator:Professor Bo Dong)’s phased research results(Grant No.22ZD06).
文摘Guangdong Han Opera,known as the“Peony of the South,”is a treasured art form with a history of over 300 years.As one of the three major opera genres in Guangdong,it primarily uses Pi and Huang tuning,incorporating Kunqu,Gaoqiang,Chuiqiang,and minor tunes,with Zhongzhou rhyme as its stage language.The roles are divided into seven categories:Sheng,Dan,Chou,Gong,Po,and Jing(including Hongjing and Wujing).Its accompaniment instruments,particularly the Touxian,Dasuluo,and Haotou,are distinctive,making it an excellent Pi and Huang opera genre in southern China.In 2008,Guangdong Han Opera was listed in the national intangible cultural heritage,recognizing its artistic value and entrusting it with the mission of inheriting and developing this opera genre.This paper focuses on the Guangdong Han Opera“Wang Zhaojun”and employs methods such as literature review and case analysis to explore its achievements in secondary creation and artistic innovation.The opera has achieved innovations in script,character,music,and stagecraft,and made breakthroughs in performance form,narrative technique,and cultural connotation,promoting the inheritance and development of Guangdong Han Opera and providing insights into contemporary drama innovation.
文摘Electron beam fluorescence technology is an advanced non-contact measurement in rarefied flow fields,and the fluorescence signal intensity is positively correlated with the electron beam current.The ion bombardment secondary emission electron gun is suitable for the technology.To enhance the beam current,COMSOL simulations and analyses were conducted to examine plasma density distribution in the discharge chamber under the effects of various conditions and the electric field distribution between the cathode and the spacer gap.The anode shape and discharge pressure conditions were optimized to increase plasma density.Additionally,an improved spacer structure was designed with the dual purpose of enhancing the electric field distribution between the cathode-spacer gaps and improving vacuum differential effects.This design modification aims to increase the pass rate of secondary electrons.Both simulation and experimental results demonstrated that the performance of the optimized electron gun was effectively enhanced.When the electrode voltage remains constant and the discharge gas pressure is adjusted to around 8 Pa,the maximum beam current was increased from 0.9 mA to 1.6 mA.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2023YFC3706203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91644214, 22361162668, and 22406109)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2024M751797)Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation (SDCX-ZG-202400178)
文摘Enhanced mass concentrations of aromatic-derived secondary organic aerosol(SOA)are frequently observed during humid-haze events.However,the influencing mechanism of relative humidity(RH)in aromatic-derived SOA formation remains incompletely understood.Here,the RH dependence of SOA formation in the presence of NOx was explored by a series of chamber experiments for toluene(TOL)and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene(TMB)photooxidation.The yield of TOL SOA and TMB SOA increased by 221%and 52%with increasing RH from~8%to~70%,respectively.Analytical results from a high-resolution mass spectrometer showed that SOA constituents with high oxygen content(O/C>0.6)were more abundant in SOA formed in the~70%RH experiment.The elevated yields and O/C of SOA could be attributed to the promoted formation and particle-phase diffusivity of highly oxidized molecules.In addition,in comparison with TMB,TOL could produce more unsaturated aldehydes,which are oxidized into carboxylic acids with high O/C,leading to a more sensitive response of TOL SOA formation to the change in RH.Our work provides mechanistic insights into RH roles in aromatic SOA formation and is helpful for a better understanding of humid-haze events.
基金supported by Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.524RC532)Research Startup Funding from Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University(No.0210-6602-A12202)Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(No.SKJC-2022-PTDX-009/010/011).
文摘Given the rapid development of advanced information systems,microgrids(MGs)suffer from more potential attacks that affect their operational performance.Conventional distributed secondary control with a small,fixed sampling time period inevitably causes the wasteful use of communication resources.This paper proposes a self-triggered secondary control scheme under perturbations from false data injection(FDI)attacks.We designed a linear clock for each DG to trigger its controller at aperiodic and intermittent instants.Sub-sequently,a hash-based defense mechanism(HDM)is designed for detecting and eliminating malicious data infiltrated in the MGs.With the aid of HDM,a self-triggered control scheme achieves the secondary control objectives even in the presence of FDI attacks.Rigorous theoretical analyses and simulation results indicate that the introduced secondary control scheme significantly reduces communication costs and enhances the resilience of MGs under FDI attacks.
