BACKGROUND Psychic euosmia(PE)has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure,order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disord...BACKGROUND Psychic euosmia(PE)has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure,order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder(OCPD).In this study we tried to verify the interpretation that PE is the counterpart of disgust that has been associated to contamination and moral purity.Disgust and morality are significantly associated in people with obsessive-compulsive personality traits.We expected that OCPD patients would experience higher levels of PE.AIM To investigate the PE frequency in OCPD patients and healthy controls(HC)and to evaluate the relationship between PE and disgust.METHODS A single-center,case-control study was conducted in an outpatient service for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.The sample consisted of 129 subjects:45 OCPD patients and 84 HC.In both groups we submitted the Disgust Scale Revised(DS-R)and the self-report Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Screening Personality Questionnaire to which we added an additional yes or no question to investigate the presence of PE.In order to verify differences between groups,t-test was employed for continuous variables and 2 test for categorical variable;odds ratio was employed to analyze group differences in the PE survey.Correlation was explored with Pearson r correlations.RESULTS No differences were observed between groups in gender composition or education.A slight significant difference was found in mean age(t=1.988;P=0.049).The present study revealed significantly higher proportions of PE among OCPD patients when compared to HC(OR:5.3,2.28-12.46).Patients with OCPD were more likely to report PE(n=36;80%)whereas a much lower proportion endorsed PE in the HC group(n=36;42.9%).Interestingly,no differences were observed between groups in mean score for the Disgust Scale.There was also no difference between the two groups in any of the Disgust Scale Revised subscales.Moreover,no significant correlations were observed in the OCPD group between PE and Disgust Scale Revised subscales.CONCLUSION Results suggested that PE might be part of the clinical spectrum of OCPD,and it does not reflect the counterpart of disgust.This could also indicate that this phenomenon is a manifestation of orderliness or incompleteness.Further studies will need to be undertaken to better understand PE and its significance in OCPD.展开更多
The present paper evaluated Friedman’s and Rosenman’s Type A and Type B personality theory.According to the authors,Type A personality has been linked to coronary heart disease and other heart problems.After discuss...The present paper evaluated Friedman’s and Rosenman’s Type A and Type B personality theory.According to the authors,Type A personality has been linked to coronary heart disease and other heart problems.After discussing the basic concepts of the theory,it was important to analyze different research papers that utilized the theory in different domains.Then the discussion moved forward to new personality types that have been discovered throughout the years(Types C,D,T).Then a summary of the criticism that the theory has received is included.Finally,future research ideas and limitations of the theory were included.展开更多
With the significant advances in cancer genomics using next-generation sequencing technologies,genomic and molecular profilingbased precision medicine is used as a part of routine clinical test for guiding and selecti...With the significant advances in cancer genomics using next-generation sequencing technologies,genomic and molecular profilingbased precision medicine is used as a part of routine clinical test for guiding and selecting the most appropriate treatments for individual cancer patients.Although many molecular-targeted therapies for a number of actionable genomic alterations have been developed,the clinical application of such information is still limited to a small proportion of cancer patients.In this review,we summarize the current status of personalized drug selection based on genomic and molecular profiling and highlight the challenges how we can further utilize the individual genomic information.Cancer immunotherapies,including immune checkpoint inhibitors,would be one of the potential approaches to apply the results of genomic sequencing most effectively.Highly cancer-specific antigens derived from somatic mutations,the so-called neoantigens,occurring in individual cancers have been in focus recently.Cancer immunotherapies,which target neoantigens,could lead to a precise treatment for cancer patients,despite the challenge in accurately predicting neoantigens that can induce cytotoxic T cells in individual patients.Precise prediction of neoantigens should accelerate the development of personalized immunotherapy including cancer vaccines and T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell therapy for a broader range of cancer patients.展开更多
Global learning professional competencies (GLPCs) are essential for college students to be able to address the impact of globalization in the 21st century. Organizations and society-at-large look to higher education t...Global learning professional competencies (GLPCs) are essential for college students to be able to address the impact of globalization in the 21st century. Organizations and society-at-large look to higher education to prepare college students with GLPCs. In addition, there is a body of literature that suggest personal tacit knowledge enhance GLPCs. However, researchers have done little from an empirical perspective to determine the relationship between the use of P-T K and enhancement of GLPCs, hence the purpose of this study. The statistical results revealed significant correlations, p st century knowledge society through use of P-T K.展开更多
T cells are essential for a healthy life,performing continuously:immune surveillance,recognition,protection,activation,suppression,assistance,eradication,secretion,adhesion,migration,homing,communications,and addition...T cells are essential for a healthy life,performing continuously:immune surveillance,recognition,protection,activation,suppression,assistance,eradication,secretion,adhesion,migration,homing,communications,and additional tasks.This paper describes five aspects of normal beneficial T cells in the healthy or diseased brain.First,normal beneficial T cells are essential for normal healthy brain functions:cognition,spatial learning,memory,adult neurogenesis,and neuroprotection.T cells decrease secondary neuronal degeneration,increase neuronal survival after central nervous system(CNS) injury,and limit CNS inflammation and damage upon injury and infection.Second,while pathogenic T cells contribute to CNS disorders,recent studies,mostly in animal models,show that specific subpopulations of normal beneficial T cells have protective and regenerative effects in seve ral neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.These include M ultiple Sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS),stro ke,CNS trauma,chronic pain,and others.Both T cell-secreted molecules and direct cell-cell contacts deliver T cell neuroprotective,neuro regenerative and immunomodulato ry effects.Third,normal beneficial T cells are abnormal,impaired,and dysfunctional in aging and multiple neurological diseases.Different T cell impairments are evident in aging,brain tumors(mainly Glioblastoma),seve re viral infections(including COVID-19),chro nic stress,major depression,schizophrenia,Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,ALS,MS,stro ke,and other neuro-pathologies.The main detrimental mechanisms that impair T cell function are activation-induced cell death,exhaustion,senescence,and impaired T cell stemness.Fo urth,several physiological neurotransmitters and neuro peptides induce by themselves multiple direct,potent,beneficial,and therapeutically-relevant effects on normal human T cells,via their receptors in T cells.This scientific field is called "Nerve-Driven Immunity".The main neurotransmitters and neuropeptides that induce directly activating and beneficial effects on naive normal human T cells are:dopamine,glutamate,GnRH-Ⅱ,neuropeptide Y,calcitonin gene-related peptide,and somatostatin.Fifth, "Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy".This is a novel unique cellular immunotherapy,based on the "Nerve-Driven Immunity" findings,which was recently designed and patented for safe and repeated rejuvenation,activation,and improvement of impaired and dysfunctional T cells of any person in need,by ex vivo exposure of the person’s T cells to neurotransmitters and neuropeptides.Personalized adoptive neuro-immunotherapy includes an early ex vivo personalized diagnosis,and subsequent ex vivo in vivo personalized adoptive therapy,tailo red according to the diagnosis.The Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy has not yet been tested in humans,pending validation of safety and efficacy in clinical trials,especially in brain tumors,chronic infectious diseases,and aging,in which T cells are exhausted and/or senescent and dysfunctional.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Psychic euosmia(PE)has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure,order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder(OCPD).In this study we tried to verify the interpretation that PE is the counterpart of disgust that has been associated to contamination and moral purity.Disgust and morality are significantly associated in people with obsessive-compulsive personality traits.We expected that OCPD patients would experience higher levels of PE.AIM To investigate the PE frequency in OCPD patients and healthy controls(HC)and to evaluate the relationship between PE and disgust.METHODS A single-center,case-control study was conducted in an outpatient service for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.The sample consisted of 129 subjects:45 OCPD patients and 84 HC.In both groups we submitted the Disgust Scale Revised(DS-R)and the self-report Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Screening Personality Questionnaire to which we added an additional yes or no question to investigate the presence of PE.In order to verify differences between groups,t-test was employed for continuous variables and 2 test for categorical variable;odds ratio was employed to analyze group differences in the PE survey.Correlation was explored with Pearson r correlations.RESULTS No differences were observed between groups in gender composition or education.A slight significant difference was found in mean age(t=1.988;P=0.049).The present study revealed significantly higher proportions of PE among OCPD patients when compared to HC(OR:5.3,2.28-12.46).Patients with OCPD were more likely to report PE(n=36;80%)whereas a much lower proportion endorsed PE in the HC group(n=36;42.9%).Interestingly,no differences were observed between groups in mean score for the Disgust Scale.There was also no difference between the two groups in any of the Disgust Scale Revised subscales.Moreover,no significant correlations were observed in the OCPD group between PE and Disgust Scale Revised subscales.CONCLUSION Results suggested that PE might be part of the clinical spectrum of OCPD,and it does not reflect the counterpart of disgust.This could also indicate that this phenomenon is a manifestation of orderliness or incompleteness.Further studies will need to be undertaken to better understand PE and its significance in OCPD.
文摘The present paper evaluated Friedman’s and Rosenman’s Type A and Type B personality theory.According to the authors,Type A personality has been linked to coronary heart disease and other heart problems.After discussing the basic concepts of the theory,it was important to analyze different research papers that utilized the theory in different domains.Then the discussion moved forward to new personality types that have been discovered throughout the years(Types C,D,T).Then a summary of the criticism that the theory has received is included.Finally,future research ideas and limitations of the theory were included.
基金This work was partly supported by Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(Grant Nos.17ck0106364h0003 and 20ck0106543h0001)the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(Grant No.19H03522).
文摘With the significant advances in cancer genomics using next-generation sequencing technologies,genomic and molecular profilingbased precision medicine is used as a part of routine clinical test for guiding and selecting the most appropriate treatments for individual cancer patients.Although many molecular-targeted therapies for a number of actionable genomic alterations have been developed,the clinical application of such information is still limited to a small proportion of cancer patients.In this review,we summarize the current status of personalized drug selection based on genomic and molecular profiling and highlight the challenges how we can further utilize the individual genomic information.Cancer immunotherapies,including immune checkpoint inhibitors,would be one of the potential approaches to apply the results of genomic sequencing most effectively.Highly cancer-specific antigens derived from somatic mutations,the so-called neoantigens,occurring in individual cancers have been in focus recently.Cancer immunotherapies,which target neoantigens,could lead to a precise treatment for cancer patients,despite the challenge in accurately predicting neoantigens that can induce cytotoxic T cells in individual patients.Precise prediction of neoantigens should accelerate the development of personalized immunotherapy including cancer vaccines and T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell therapy for a broader range of cancer patients.
文摘Global learning professional competencies (GLPCs) are essential for college students to be able to address the impact of globalization in the 21st century. Organizations and society-at-large look to higher education to prepare college students with GLPCs. In addition, there is a body of literature that suggest personal tacit knowledge enhance GLPCs. However, researchers have done little from an empirical perspective to determine the relationship between the use of P-T K and enhancement of GLPCs, hence the purpose of this study. The statistical results revealed significant correlations, p st century knowledge society through use of P-T K.
文摘T cells are essential for a healthy life,performing continuously:immune surveillance,recognition,protection,activation,suppression,assistance,eradication,secretion,adhesion,migration,homing,communications,and additional tasks.This paper describes five aspects of normal beneficial T cells in the healthy or diseased brain.First,normal beneficial T cells are essential for normal healthy brain functions:cognition,spatial learning,memory,adult neurogenesis,and neuroprotection.T cells decrease secondary neuronal degeneration,increase neuronal survival after central nervous system(CNS) injury,and limit CNS inflammation and damage upon injury and infection.Second,while pathogenic T cells contribute to CNS disorders,recent studies,mostly in animal models,show that specific subpopulations of normal beneficial T cells have protective and regenerative effects in seve ral neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.These include M ultiple Sclerosis(MS),Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS),stro ke,CNS trauma,chronic pain,and others.Both T cell-secreted molecules and direct cell-cell contacts deliver T cell neuroprotective,neuro regenerative and immunomodulato ry effects.Third,normal beneficial T cells are abnormal,impaired,and dysfunctional in aging and multiple neurological diseases.Different T cell impairments are evident in aging,brain tumors(mainly Glioblastoma),seve re viral infections(including COVID-19),chro nic stress,major depression,schizophrenia,Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,ALS,MS,stro ke,and other neuro-pathologies.The main detrimental mechanisms that impair T cell function are activation-induced cell death,exhaustion,senescence,and impaired T cell stemness.Fo urth,several physiological neurotransmitters and neuro peptides induce by themselves multiple direct,potent,beneficial,and therapeutically-relevant effects on normal human T cells,via their receptors in T cells.This scientific field is called "Nerve-Driven Immunity".The main neurotransmitters and neuropeptides that induce directly activating and beneficial effects on naive normal human T cells are:dopamine,glutamate,GnRH-Ⅱ,neuropeptide Y,calcitonin gene-related peptide,and somatostatin.Fifth, "Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy".This is a novel unique cellular immunotherapy,based on the "Nerve-Driven Immunity" findings,which was recently designed and patented for safe and repeated rejuvenation,activation,and improvement of impaired and dysfunctional T cells of any person in need,by ex vivo exposure of the person’s T cells to neurotransmitters and neuropeptides.Personalized adoptive neuro-immunotherapy includes an early ex vivo personalized diagnosis,and subsequent ex vivo in vivo personalized adoptive therapy,tailo red according to the diagnosis.The Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy has not yet been tested in humans,pending validation of safety and efficacy in clinical trials,especially in brain tumors,chronic infectious diseases,and aging,in which T cells are exhausted and/or senescent and dysfunctional.
