Parkinson's disease is primarily caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra compacta.Ferroptosis,a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidati...Parkinson's disease is primarily caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra compacta.Ferroptosis,a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation,plays a vital role in the death of dopaminergic neurons.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons have not yet been completely elucidated.NADPH oxidase 4 is related to oxidative stress,however,whether it regulates dopaminergic neuronal ferroptosis remains unknown.The aim of this study was to determine whether NADPH oxidase 4 is involved in dopaminergic neuronal ferroptosis,and if so,by what mechanism.We found that the transcriptional regulator activating transcription factor 3 increased NADPH oxidase 4 expression in dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's disease model.NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition improved the behavioral impairments observed in the Parkinson's disease model animals and reduced the death of dopaminergic neurons.Moreover,NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition reduced lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in the substantia nigra of the Parkinson's disease model animals.Mechanistically,we found that NADPH oxidase 4 interacted with activated protein kinase Cαto prevent ferroptosis of dopaminergic neurons.Furthermore,by lowering the astrocytic lipocalin-2 expression,NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition reduced 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-induced neuroinflammation.These findings demonstrate that NADPH oxidase 4 promotes ferroptosis of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammation,which contribute to dopaminergic neuron death,suggesting that NADPH oxidase 4 is a possible therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.展开更多
目的探讨大鼠深静脉血栓（DVT）模型股静脉内皮组织中缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）和NADPH氧化酶（NOX4）的表达变化及其在血栓形成中的作用。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为对照组（10只）和模型组（50只），对模型组采用股静脉钳夹联合双...目的探讨大鼠深静脉血栓（DVT）模型股静脉内皮组织中缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）和NADPH氧化酶（NOX4）的表达变化及其在血栓形成中的作用。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为对照组（10只）和模型组（50只），对模型组采用股静脉钳夹联合双下肢石膏制动构建大鼠DVT模型。不同时间点（造模后2．5h和25h）解剖股静脉、观察血栓发生率，进而将模型组分为血栓形成前组（造模后2．5h）、血栓形成组（造模后25h）、血栓不形成组（造模后25h）。分离股静脉内皮组织，提取总RNA；采用Genechip Rat Genome2302．0基因芯片筛查差异表达的基因；采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（real—timePCR）验证这些基因的表达变化。结果基因芯片分析及real—timePCR结果均发现，大鼠股静脉内皮组织中HIF-1α和NOX4的表达水平，血栓形成组最高，血栓形成前组次之，均明显高于对照组和血栓不形成组（P〈0．05）。Pathway分析提示，缺氧条件下，HIF-1α可通过上调靶基因NOX4的表达，诱导活性氧（ROS）的产生，继而活化静脉内皮细胞，促进血栓形成。结论大鼠股静脉内皮组织中HIF-1α和NOX4表达上调，可能在创伤性DVT形成中发挥重要作用。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82271444(to JP),82271268(to BZ),and 82001346(to YL)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2022YFE0210100(to BZ)。
文摘Parkinson's disease is primarily caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra compacta.Ferroptosis,a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation,plays a vital role in the death of dopaminergic neurons.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons have not yet been completely elucidated.NADPH oxidase 4 is related to oxidative stress,however,whether it regulates dopaminergic neuronal ferroptosis remains unknown.The aim of this study was to determine whether NADPH oxidase 4 is involved in dopaminergic neuronal ferroptosis,and if so,by what mechanism.We found that the transcriptional regulator activating transcription factor 3 increased NADPH oxidase 4 expression in dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes in an 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's disease model.NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition improved the behavioral impairments observed in the Parkinson's disease model animals and reduced the death of dopaminergic neurons.Moreover,NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition reduced lipid peroxidation and iron accumulation in the substantia nigra of the Parkinson's disease model animals.Mechanistically,we found that NADPH oxidase 4 interacted with activated protein kinase Cαto prevent ferroptosis of dopaminergic neurons.Furthermore,by lowering the astrocytic lipocalin-2 expression,NADPH oxidase 4 inhibition reduced 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 tetrahydropyridine-induced neuroinflammation.These findings demonstrate that NADPH oxidase 4 promotes ferroptosis of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammation,which contribute to dopaminergic neuron death,suggesting that NADPH oxidase 4 is a possible therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease.
文摘目的探讨大鼠深静脉血栓（DVT）模型股静脉内皮组织中缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）和NADPH氧化酶（NOX4）的表达变化及其在血栓形成中的作用。方法将60只SD大鼠随机分为对照组（10只）和模型组（50只），对模型组采用股静脉钳夹联合双下肢石膏制动构建大鼠DVT模型。不同时间点（造模后2．5h和25h）解剖股静脉、观察血栓发生率，进而将模型组分为血栓形成前组（造模后2．5h）、血栓形成组（造模后25h）、血栓不形成组（造模后25h）。分离股静脉内皮组织，提取总RNA；采用Genechip Rat Genome2302．0基因芯片筛查差异表达的基因；采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应（real—timePCR）验证这些基因的表达变化。结果基因芯片分析及real—timePCR结果均发现，大鼠股静脉内皮组织中HIF-1α和NOX4的表达水平，血栓形成组最高，血栓形成前组次之，均明显高于对照组和血栓不形成组（P〈0．05）。Pathway分析提示，缺氧条件下，HIF-1α可通过上调靶基因NOX4的表达，诱导活性氧（ROS）的产生，继而活化静脉内皮细胞，促进血栓形成。结论大鼠股静脉内皮组织中HIF-1α和NOX4表达上调，可能在创伤性DVT形成中发挥重要作用。
