Lung transplantation has been a method for treating end stage lung disease for decades. Despite improvements in the preoperative assessment of recipients and donors as well as improved surgical techniques, lung transp...Lung transplantation has been a method for treating end stage lung disease for decades. Despite improvements in the preoperative assessment of recipients and donors as well as improved surgical techniques, lung transplant recipients are still at a high risk of developing postoperative complications which tend to impact negatively the patients' outcome if not recognised early. The recognised complications post lung transplantation can be broadly categorised into acute and chronic complications. Recognising the radiological features of these complications has a significant positive impact on patients' survival post transplantation. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the radiological features of post lung transplantations complications over a time continuum.展开更多
Late complications of radiotherapy can include a variety of issues,such as xerostomia,dysphagia,taste changes,digestive and absorption dysfunction.These late complications can seriously impact the nutritional status a...Late complications of radiotherapy can include a variety of issues,such as xerostomia,dysphagia,taste changes,digestive and absorption dysfunction.These late complications can seriously impact the nutritional status and quality of life of patients following radiotherapy,and may even adversely affect tumor control and patient survival.Compre-hensive nutritional management strategies should be implemented to address these late complications.For radia-tion-induced xerostomia,salivary stimulant drugs,saliva substitutes,and hyperbaric oxygen therapy have demon-strated efficacy in alleviating dry mouth symptoms.The management of post-radiation trismus remains challenging,with functional training,including active jaw exercises,passive motor devices,and splints,being the primary interven-tions.In the case of radiation-induced dysphagia,a multidisciplinary team approach is recommended,incorporating malnutrition risk assessment,personalized nutritional treatment,nursing care,rehabilitation training,and patient education.Protecting normal organs,such as the tongue and oral cavity,during radiotherapy planning can help pre-vent and mitigate taste changes,which can be further managed with zinc supplements,oral care,and lactoferrin sup-plementation.For post-radiation digestive and absorption dysfunction,a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s nutritional status,site of gastrointestinal injury,and potential complications(e.g.,bleeding,perforation)is crucial in guiding the selection of appropriate nutritional support,ranging from enteral nutrition as the first-line approach to supplemental or even exclusive parenteral nutrition.Surgical intervention may be necessary in some cases.By implementing these multifaceted nutritional management strategies,healthcare professionals can optimize the care of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and mitigate the adverse impact of late radiation complications on their overall well-being and treatment outcomes.展开更多
This review of the literature on small bowel carcinoma associated with Crohn's disease specifically addresses the incidence, risk factors, and protective factors which have been identified. It also reviews the cli...This review of the literature on small bowel carcinoma associated with Crohn's disease specifically addresses the incidence, risk factors, and protective factors which have been identified. It also reviews the clinical presentation, the current modalities of diagnosis, the pathology, treatment, and surveillance. Finally, the prognosis and future direction are addressed. Our experience with small bowel adenocarcinoma in Crohn's disease is reported. Readers will be provided with a better understanding of this rare and often poorly recognized complication of Crohn's disease.展开更多
Prevention of late complications after large endoscopic resection is inefficient with current methods.Endoscopic shielding,as a simple and safe technique,has been proposed to improve the incidence of these events.Diff...Prevention of late complications after large endoscopic resection is inefficient with current methods.Endoscopic shielding,as a simple and safe technique,has been proposed to improve the incidence of these events.Different methods,sheets or hydrogels,have showed proven efficacy in the prevention of late bleeding and perforation,as well as the improvement of tissue repair,in experimental models and in clinical practice.展开更多
文摘Lung transplantation has been a method for treating end stage lung disease for decades. Despite improvements in the preoperative assessment of recipients and donors as well as improved surgical techniques, lung transplant recipients are still at a high risk of developing postoperative complications which tend to impact negatively the patients' outcome if not recognised early. The recognised complications post lung transplantation can be broadly categorised into acute and chronic complications. Recognising the radiological features of these complications has a significant positive impact on patients' survival post transplantation. This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the radiological features of post lung transplantations complications over a time continuum.
文摘Late complications of radiotherapy can include a variety of issues,such as xerostomia,dysphagia,taste changes,digestive and absorption dysfunction.These late complications can seriously impact the nutritional status and quality of life of patients following radiotherapy,and may even adversely affect tumor control and patient survival.Compre-hensive nutritional management strategies should be implemented to address these late complications.For radia-tion-induced xerostomia,salivary stimulant drugs,saliva substitutes,and hyperbaric oxygen therapy have demon-strated efficacy in alleviating dry mouth symptoms.The management of post-radiation trismus remains challenging,with functional training,including active jaw exercises,passive motor devices,and splints,being the primary interven-tions.In the case of radiation-induced dysphagia,a multidisciplinary team approach is recommended,incorporating malnutrition risk assessment,personalized nutritional treatment,nursing care,rehabilitation training,and patient education.Protecting normal organs,such as the tongue and oral cavity,during radiotherapy planning can help pre-vent and mitigate taste changes,which can be further managed with zinc supplements,oral care,and lactoferrin sup-plementation.For post-radiation digestive and absorption dysfunction,a comprehensive assessment of the patient’s nutritional status,site of gastrointestinal injury,and potential complications(e.g.,bleeding,perforation)is crucial in guiding the selection of appropriate nutritional support,ranging from enteral nutrition as the first-line approach to supplemental or even exclusive parenteral nutrition.Surgical intervention may be necessary in some cases.By implementing these multifaceted nutritional management strategies,healthcare professionals can optimize the care of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and mitigate the adverse impact of late radiation complications on their overall well-being and treatment outcomes.
文摘This review of the literature on small bowel carcinoma associated with Crohn's disease specifically addresses the incidence, risk factors, and protective factors which have been identified. It also reviews the clinical presentation, the current modalities of diagnosis, the pathology, treatment, and surveillance. Finally, the prognosis and future direction are addressed. Our experience with small bowel adenocarcinoma in Crohn's disease is reported. Readers will be provided with a better understanding of this rare and often poorly recognized complication of Crohn's disease.
文摘Prevention of late complications after large endoscopic resection is inefficient with current methods.Endoscopic shielding,as a simple and safe technique,has been proposed to improve the incidence of these events.Different methods,sheets or hydrogels,have showed proven efficacy in the prevention of late bleeding and perforation,as well as the improvement of tissue repair,in experimental models and in clinical practice.
