Aim To study the correlation between the HPLC fingerprints and in vitro antibacterial activities of EtOAc extracts of Radix isatidis from various sources. Methods Ten batches of Radix isatidis EtOAc extracts were anal...Aim To study the correlation between the HPLC fingerprints and in vitro antibacterial activities of EtOAc extracts of Radix isatidis from various sources. Methods Ten batches of Radix isatidis EtOAc extracts were analyzed with HPLC and the fingerprints were established. The influence of EtOAc extracts on the thermogenic curve of growth of Escherchia coli was obtained by microcalorimetry. The chemical differences of EtOAc extracts of Radix isatidis from various sources in the HPLC fingerprints were probed with hierarchical clustering analysis and similarity analysis. The correlation between the HPLC fingerprints and in vitro antibacterial activities was analyzed with multivafiant correlation analysis. Results Close correlation existed between the HPLC fingerprints and in vitro antibacterial activities of EtOAc extracts of Radix isatidis. Conlusion The combination of HPLC fingerprints and antibacterial activities can be used to discover principle components of Radix isatidis on bioactivity.展开更多
In China, traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） have been used in clinical applications for thousands of years. The successful hyphenation of high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and mass spectrometry （MS...In China, traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） have been used in clinical applications for thousands of years. The successful hyphenation of high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and mass spectrometry （MS） has been applied widely in TCMs and biological samples analysis. Undoubtedly, HPLC/MS technique has facilitated the understanding of the treatment mechanism of TCMs. We reviewed more than 350 published papers within the last 5 years on HPLC/MS in the analysis of TCMs. The present review focused on the applications of HPLC/MS in the component analysis, metabolites analysis, and pharmacokinetics of TCMs etc. 50% of the literature is related to the component analysis of TCMs, which show that this field is the most popular type of research. In the metabolites analysis, HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry has been demonstrated to be the powerful tool for the characterization of structural features and fragmentation behavior patterns. This paper presented a brief overview of the applications of HPLC/MS in the analysis of TCMs. HPLC/MS in the fingerprint analysis is reviewed elsewhere.展开更多
[Objectives] This study aimed to establish HPLC fingerprint and conduct cluster analysis and principle component analysis for Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride. [Methods] Using the HPLC method, the determination wa...[Objectives] This study aimed to establish HPLC fingerprint and conduct cluster analysis and principle component analysis for Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride. [Methods] Using the HPLC method, the determination was performed on XSelect~® HSS T3-C_(18) column with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.5% acetic acid solution(gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 360 nm. The column temperature was 25℃. The sample size was 10 μL. With peak of hesperidin as the reference, HPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride were determined. The similarity of the 10 batches of samples was evaluated by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM(2012 edition) to determine the common peaks. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed by using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. [Results] The HPLC fingerprints of the 10 batches of medicinal materials had total 11 common peaks, and the similarity was 0.919-1.000, indicating that the chemical composition of the 10 batches of medicinal materials was consistent. There were 11 common components in the 10 batches of medicinal materials, but their contents were different. When the Euclidean distance was 20, the 10 batches of samples were divided into two categories, S4 in the first category, and the others in the second one. When the Euclidean distance was 5, the second category could be further divided into two sub-categories, S1 and S10 in one sub-category, and S2, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8 and S9 in the other one. The principle component analysis showed that cumulative contribution rate of the two main component factors was 92.797%, and the comprehensive score of S7 was the highest with the best quality. [Conclusions] The results of HPLC fingerprinting, cluster analysis and principle component analysis can provide reference for the quality control of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride.展开更多
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) experiments have been performed on nine steviol glycosides namely rebaudioside A, steviolbioside, stevioside, rubusoside, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, r...High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) experiments have been performed on nine steviol glycosides namely rebaudioside A, steviolbioside, stevioside, rubusoside, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside F, and dulcoside A isolated from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana using Reversed-Phase (RP) column. Using RP-HPLC method, the individual retention times for nine naturally occurring ent-kaurane diterpene glycosides of S. rebaudiana reported in JECFA have been determined at four different temperatures: 20℃, 40℃, 60℃, and 79℃. Also, calculated the relative retention times of the eight steviol glycosides steviolbioside, stevioside, rubusoside, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside F, and dulcoside A against the major steviol glycoside rebaudioside A. HPLC results suggested that temperatures 40℃ and 60℃ would be ideal conditions for better separation of steviol glycosides.展开更多
Lawsonia inermis is a hairless plant growing in various regions of North Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and the Middle East. It possesses many medicinal attributes, including curative properties against infectious d...Lawsonia inermis is a hairless plant growing in various regions of North Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and the Middle East. It possesses many medicinal attributes, including curative properties against infectious dermatoses. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical profile of the crude ethanolic extract of the plant leaves and its fractions as well as their antimicrobial activities. The phytochemical profile was performed using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric and the aluminum trichloride methods. Antimicrobial activity was tested using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The presence of flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and triterpenes was revealed. GC-MS detected twelve compounds main compounds consisting of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and phenolic and terpenoid compounds among twenty-seven components. HPLC also detected high contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The most abundant triterpene and sterols were ursolic acid (around 43.14 g/100g DW, 13.9 g/100g dry weight (DW), and 0.68 g/100g DW) in the crude ethanolic extract of leaves (FeLi), hexane fraction (FHLi) and dichloromethane fraction (FDLi), respectively and, β-sitosterol in FeLi (56.7 mg/100g DW), FHLi (10.55 g/100g DW), FDLi (106.1 mg/100g DW) and butanol fraction (FBLi) (357.4 mg/100g DW). Among the flavonoids, rutin = 3.24 g/100g and quercetin = 0.63 g/100g in the ethanolic extract, rutin = 15.73 g/100g in the dichloromethane fraction, and rutin = 0.23 g/100g) in the aqueous fraction;and among phenolic compounds, caffeic acid (37.65 g/100g DW) and vanillic acid (22.70 g/100g DW) were the most important in the ethyl acetate fraction (FAeLi). All organic fractions exhibited interesting antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested strains, with the best activity recorded with the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions. The leaf extracts’ phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity support the use of Lawsonia inermis against infectious skin diseases.展开更多
Radix codonopsis(党参)，which is derived fromCodonopsis pilosula, C.pilosula subsp. Modesta andC. Tangshen(ChP,2000),has been used as a remedy fora decrease of appetite, psychoneurosis, fatigue, dyspepsiaetc.or as ...Radix codonopsis(党参)，which is derived fromCodonopsis pilosula, C.pilosula subsp. Modesta andC. Tangshen(ChP,2000),has been used as a remedy fora decrease of appetite, psychoneurosis, fatigue, dyspepsiaetc.or as a substitute for Panax ginseng in traditionalChinese medicine. Relating to the constituents of theseherbs, triterpenes, phytosterols, furaldehyde, sesquitesand some phenolic glycosides have been reported, butnone of these compounds seems to be responsible for thebiological activities of this drug. As regards the quality evaluation of Radix Codonopsis, a HPLC analysis of atractylenolide Ⅲ has been described, but this sesquiterpene lactone exists in a very low content and is difficultfor conventional analysis. The determination of polysaccharide also met limitation because of its non-specialization. In this paper, we report the HPLC/MS fingerprintsanalysis of phelolic glycosides from Radix Codonopsis including three species.展开更多
A combined method of high performance liquid chromatograph-elecrtrospray-ionization mass spectrometer（HPLC-ESI-MS/MS） coupled with a photodiode array detector（HPLC-DAD） and principal component analysis（PCA） was ...A combined method of high performance liquid chromatograph-elecrtrospray-ionization mass spectrometer（HPLC-ESI-MS/MS） coupled with a photodiode array detector（HPLC-DAD） and principal component analysis（PCA） was applied to the qualitative and quantitative analyses of alkaloids in Cortex Phellodendri（CP） samples, and to the differentiation of two species of CP, Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis（CPC） and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis（CPA）. Twenty-two peaks appeared in the HPLC-MS base peak chromatogram of CP detected by the HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, and the alkaloids were identified according to the MSn data, the known MS fragmentation rules and the literature data. Five alkaloids including berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, phellodendrine and magnoflorine were simultaneously determinated by the HPLC-DAD. Berberine was the primary component in all CP samples, and the contents of berberine and palmatine were exploited to be two critical parameters for effective discrimination between the two species of CP. The average content of berberine in CPC（58.75 mg/g） was higher than that in CPA（9.16 mg/g）, while the content of palmatine was less, only 0.25 mg/g in CPC and 4.19 mg/g in CPA. With the use of PCA, samples datasets were separated successfully into two different clusters corresponding to the two species, and berberine, pahnatine, phellodendrine and magnoflorine contribute most to the above mentioned calssifying . The proposed method oroved to be a useful tool in the aualitv control of Chinese herbal medicines.展开更多
Background: Sialic acids are a family of ninecarbon sugar compounds with carboxylic acyl derivatives. It exists in bacteria, fish, mammals and other living organisms, participates in and regulates many important life ...Background: Sialic acids are a family of ninecarbon sugar compounds with carboxylic acyl derivatives. It exists in bacteria, fish, mammals and other living organisms, participates in and regulates many important life events, such as cell recognition, membrane flow, endocytosis and so on. Sialic acid is usually located in the outermost layer of the sugar part of the cell membrane and the key positions of secreted glycoconjugates (glycolipids, glycoprotein and lipopolysaccharide). Sialic acid (Sia) is an important material foundation for variety of the structure and founction of glycoconjugates. Sia has been known as nearly 50 members, including N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycoulylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and deaminoneuraminic acid (KDN) as its core monomer. The rest of the sialic acids are derived from these three monomers. The contents of Sia in Chinese food products are unknown. Objective: To determine the contents of Sia in raw and cooked red meat, seafood, poultry and so on. Design: The following food products were purchased from a Chinese supermarket: pork, beef, lamb, salmon, cod, tuna, cow milk, cheese, butter, duck, chicken and chicken eggs. Human milk was collected from Xiamen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital (Xiamen, China). All tissues were homogenized and hydrolyzed with 0.05 M, 0.1 M and 0.2 M TFA for 150 min at 80°C in dark, respectively. The concentrations of Neu5Ac, Neu5Gc and KDN were determined by using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Results: The contents of total Sia (μg/g tissue or μg/mL liquid sample) in Chinese raw meat were highest in lamb (269.60), followed by pork (254.88), duck (200.63), chicken (162.86) and beef (88.03). The percentages of Neu5Gc were 36.08%, 26.48%, 0%, 0% and 28.40%, respectively. Cod contained higher levels of Sia (171.63) than salmon (104.43) and tuna (77.98). Only Neu5Ac was 50 found in detected aquatic product. Egg yolk contained the highest level of Sia (682.04), and a higher level of Sia (390.67) was found in the egg white. Also our result showed that human milk contained extremely high level of Sia (602.55). Neu5Ac was the predominant form of Sia in all the deteced samples. KDN was found in cow milk only among the samples, the content was 1.14 μg/g. Conclusion: The highest content of Sia in examined Chinese foods was found in 56 eggs, followed by lamb, pork, duck, cod, chicken, salmon, beef and tuna. Knowledge of the Sia content in conventional foods may help us to better understand possible medical disorders involving the uptake of the “non-human” Neu5Gc from our diet.展开更多
In the research, the HPLC technique was applied in order to monitor the hydrolysis and dye-fibre bond-forming during the dyeing process. The results show that using a proper execution of calibration curves of the acti...In the research, the HPLC technique was applied in order to monitor the hydrolysis and dye-fibre bond-forming during the dyeing process. The results show that using a proper execution of calibration curves of the active and hydrolyzed form of the dye and defined equations, HPLC technique enable determining the exact amount of both dye forms anytime during dyeing. Dyeing process was performed in dyeing machine with use of combination of both alkalis—Na2CO3 and NaOH—and with use of one alkali—Na2CO3. It was established that NaOH causes additional hydrolysis of the dye and that the use of Na2CO3 is more appropriate for Novacron Scarlet F-3G dye. The temperature of adsorption has no influence on dye fixation;an amount of fixed dye on fibre is up to 83.0%.展开更多
For quality control purpose, an approach of fingerprinting and simultaneous quantification of five major bioactive constituents of Rhizoma Coptidis was established via a high-performance liquid chromatograph coupled w...For quality control purpose, an approach of fingerprinting and simultaneous quantification of five major bioactive constituents of Rhizoma Coptidis was established via a high-performance liquid chromatograph coupled with a photodiode array UV detector（HPLC-DAD） and an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer（HPLC-ESI/MS） The compounds were identified on the basis of the comparison of their mass spectra with literature data and those of standard samples and quantified by the HPLC-DAD method. Baseline separation was achieved on an XTerra C18 column（5 μm, 250 mm×4.6 mm i. d.） with linear gradient elution of formate buffer（consisting of 0.5% formic acid, adjusted to pH=4.5 with ammonia） and acetonitrile（consisting of 0.2% formic acid and 0.2% triethylamine）. The me- thod was validated for linearity（r^2〉0.9995）, repeatability（RSD〈3.1%）, intra- and inter-day precision（RSD〈1.8%） with recovery（99.9%-105.1%）, limits of detection（0.15-0.35 μg/mL）, and limits of quantification（0.53-0.82 μg/mL）. The similarities of 32 batches of Rhizoma Coptidis and their classification according to their manufacturers were based on the retention time and peak areas of the characteristic compounds. The five compounds were selected for quality assessment ofRhizoma coptidis via partial least squares analysis（PLS）.展开更多
Glycerides are first separated to classes of triglycerides(TGs), diglycerides(DGs) and monoglycerides(MGs) by normal phase HPLC on silica gel column. Individual triglyceride separation is then achieved by non-aqueous ...Glycerides are first separated to classes of triglycerides(TGs), diglycerides(DGs) and monoglycerides(MGs) by normal phase HPLC on silica gel column. Individual triglyceride separation is then achieved by non-aqueous reversed phase(NARP) HPLC on C_(18) column with UV detection at 215nm.展开更多
Sun Guoxiang, Ding Nan, Song Yuqing, Wang Zhen, Song Liangwei. Determination of Guaiacol salicylate in Guacetisal by HPLCmethod and qualitative identification of relevant substances by HPLC-MS
“Long-Dan”and“Qin-Jiao”are two important TCM herbs since ancient times in China.In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the dried roots and rhizomes of four species from the genus Gentiana,e.g.Gentiana manshurica,G.scabra,G....“Long-Dan”and“Qin-Jiao”are two important TCM herbs since ancient times in China.In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the dried roots and rhizomes of four species from the genus Gentiana,e.g.Gentiana manshurica,G.scabra,G.triflora and G.rigescens,are recorded under the name of Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma(“Long-Dan”in Chinese),while the other four species from the same genus including G.macrophylla,G.crassicaulis,G.straminea and G.duhurica are recorded and used as the raw materials of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix(“Qin-Jiao”in Chinese).On the basis of the establishment of a validated HPLC–UV method for quantifying simultaneously,five iridoid glycosides,e.g.loganic acid(1),swertiamarinin(2),gentiopicroside(3),sweroside(4)and 20-(o,m-dihydroxybenzyl)sweroside(5)have been used successfully as chemical markers for the comparison of the species used as“Long-Dan”,“Qin-Jiao”and their adulterants in the present study.The results suggested that four iridoid glycosides 1–4 commonly existed in both“Long-Dan”and“Qin-Jiao”,while 20-(o,m-dihydroxybenzyl)sweroside(5)also existed as one of the major components in“Dian-Long-Dan”species.Moreover,the contents of compounds 1–5 were various in different“LongDan”and“Qin-Jiao”species.Herein,we profiled and compared three“Long-Dan”species,four“Qin-Jiao”species and five adulterants by applying multivariate statistical techniques to their HPLC data sets to establish the differences and/or similarities.展开更多
Medicinal materials Ma Chenchen, Li Bailin, Ou Jie, Wang Jing, Zhao Junhong. Detection of N-acyl-homoserine lactones class signal molecules of quorum sensing secreted by bacteria using high performance liquid chromato...Medicinal materials Ma Chenchen, Li Bailin, Ou Jie, Wang Jing, Zhao Junhong. Detection of N-acyl-homoserine lactones class signal molecules of quorum sensing secreted by bacteria using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/ mass spectrometry展开更多
A sensitive and selective method has been developed for the detection of free ethacrynic acid in human urine. Using 4-(bromomethyl)-7-methoxycoumarin, ethacrynic acid was transformed into a fluorescent derivative, and...A sensitive and selective method has been developed for the detection of free ethacrynic acid in human urine. Using 4-(bromomethyl)-7-methoxycoumarin, ethacrynic acid was transformed into a fluorescent derivative, and was analysed by HPLC-fluorescence detector. The detection limit is 0.1ug/ml urine. The method is suitable for screening ethacrynic acid in doping control and studying its metabolism.展开更多
文摘Aim To study the correlation between the HPLC fingerprints and in vitro antibacterial activities of EtOAc extracts of Radix isatidis from various sources. Methods Ten batches of Radix isatidis EtOAc extracts were analyzed with HPLC and the fingerprints were established. The influence of EtOAc extracts on the thermogenic curve of growth of Escherchia coli was obtained by microcalorimetry. The chemical differences of EtOAc extracts of Radix isatidis from various sources in the HPLC fingerprints were probed with hierarchical clustering analysis and similarity analysis. The correlation between the HPLC fingerprints and in vitro antibacterial activities was analyzed with multivafiant correlation analysis. Results Close correlation existed between the HPLC fingerprints and in vitro antibacterial activities of EtOAc extracts of Radix isatidis. Conlusion The combination of HPLC fingerprints and antibacterial activities can be used to discover principle components of Radix isatidis on bioactivity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30873193and No.81073038)
文摘In China, traditional Chinese medicines （TCMs） have been used in clinical applications for thousands of years. The successful hyphenation of high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and mass spectrometry （MS） has been applied widely in TCMs and biological samples analysis. Undoubtedly, HPLC/MS technique has facilitated the understanding of the treatment mechanism of TCMs. We reviewed more than 350 published papers within the last 5 years on HPLC/MS in the analysis of TCMs. The present review focused on the applications of HPLC/MS in the component analysis, metabolites analysis, and pharmacokinetics of TCMs etc. 50% of the literature is related to the component analysis of TCMs, which show that this field is the most popular type of research. In the metabolites analysis, HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry has been demonstrated to be the powerful tool for the characterization of structural features and fragmentation behavior patterns. This paper presented a brief overview of the applications of HPLC/MS in the analysis of TCMs. HPLC/MS in the fingerprint analysis is reviewed elsewhere.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81603251)Key Research and Development Plan of Shanxi Province(201603D3113021)Project of Collaborative Innovation Center for the Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Medicinal Herbs in Shanxi Province(2017-JYXT-05)
文摘[Objectives] This study aimed to establish HPLC fingerprint and conduct cluster analysis and principle component analysis for Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride. [Methods] Using the HPLC method, the determination was performed on XSelect~® HSS T3-C_(18) column with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.5% acetic acid solution(gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 360 nm. The column temperature was 25℃. The sample size was 10 μL. With peak of hesperidin as the reference, HPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride were determined. The similarity of the 10 batches of samples was evaluated by Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM(2012 edition) to determine the common peaks. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed by using SPSS 17.0 statistical software. [Results] The HPLC fingerprints of the 10 batches of medicinal materials had total 11 common peaks, and the similarity was 0.919-1.000, indicating that the chemical composition of the 10 batches of medicinal materials was consistent. There were 11 common components in the 10 batches of medicinal materials, but their contents were different. When the Euclidean distance was 20, the 10 batches of samples were divided into two categories, S4 in the first category, and the others in the second one. When the Euclidean distance was 5, the second category could be further divided into two sub-categories, S1 and S10 in one sub-category, and S2, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8 and S9 in the other one. The principle component analysis showed that cumulative contribution rate of the two main component factors was 92.797%, and the comprehensive score of S7 was the highest with the best quality. [Conclusions] The results of HPLC fingerprinting, cluster analysis and principle component analysis can provide reference for the quality control of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride.
文摘High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) experiments have been performed on nine steviol glycosides namely rebaudioside A, steviolbioside, stevioside, rubusoside, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside F, and dulcoside A isolated from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana using Reversed-Phase (RP) column. Using RP-HPLC method, the individual retention times for nine naturally occurring ent-kaurane diterpene glycosides of S. rebaudiana reported in JECFA have been determined at four different temperatures: 20℃, 40℃, 60℃, and 79℃. Also, calculated the relative retention times of the eight steviol glycosides steviolbioside, stevioside, rubusoside, rebaudioside B, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside F, and dulcoside A against the major steviol glycoside rebaudioside A. HPLC results suggested that temperatures 40℃ and 60℃ would be ideal conditions for better separation of steviol glycosides.
文摘Lawsonia inermis is a hairless plant growing in various regions of North Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and the Middle East. It possesses many medicinal attributes, including curative properties against infectious dermatoses. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical profile of the crude ethanolic extract of the plant leaves and its fractions as well as their antimicrobial activities. The phytochemical profile was performed using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Additionally, the phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu spectrophotometric and the aluminum trichloride methods. Antimicrobial activity was tested using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. The presence of flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and triterpenes was revealed. GC-MS detected twelve compounds main compounds consisting of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and phenolic and terpenoid compounds among twenty-seven components. HPLC also detected high contents of phenolic acids and flavonoids. The most abundant triterpene and sterols were ursolic acid (around 43.14 g/100g DW, 13.9 g/100g dry weight (DW), and 0.68 g/100g DW) in the crude ethanolic extract of leaves (FeLi), hexane fraction (FHLi) and dichloromethane fraction (FDLi), respectively and, β-sitosterol in FeLi (56.7 mg/100g DW), FHLi (10.55 g/100g DW), FDLi (106.1 mg/100g DW) and butanol fraction (FBLi) (357.4 mg/100g DW). Among the flavonoids, rutin = 3.24 g/100g and quercetin = 0.63 g/100g in the ethanolic extract, rutin = 15.73 g/100g in the dichloromethane fraction, and rutin = 0.23 g/100g) in the aqueous fraction;and among phenolic compounds, caffeic acid (37.65 g/100g DW) and vanillic acid (22.70 g/100g DW) were the most important in the ethyl acetate fraction (FAeLi). All organic fractions exhibited interesting antibacterial and antifungal activities against the tested strains, with the best activity recorded with the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions. The leaf extracts’ phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity support the use of Lawsonia inermis against infectious skin diseases.
文摘Radix codonopsis(党参)，which is derived fromCodonopsis pilosula, C.pilosula subsp. Modesta andC. Tangshen(ChP,2000),has been used as a remedy fora decrease of appetite, psychoneurosis, fatigue, dyspepsiaetc.or as a substitute for Panax ginseng in traditionalChinese medicine. Relating to the constituents of theseherbs, triterpenes, phytosterols, furaldehyde, sesquitesand some phenolic glycosides have been reported, butnone of these compounds seems to be responsible for thebiological activities of this drug. As regards the quality evaluation of Radix Codonopsis, a HPLC analysis of atractylenolide Ⅲ has been described, but this sesquiterpene lactone exists in a very low content and is difficultfor conventional analysis. The determination of polysaccharide also met limitation because of its non-specialization. In this paper, we report the HPLC/MS fingerprintsanalysis of phelolic glycosides from Radix Codonopsis including three species.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No30725045)the Foundation of Eleventh Five-Year-Plan of China(No2008ZX09202-002)+1 种基金the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project, China(NoB906)the Scientific Foundation of Shanghai City, China(No07DZ19702)
文摘A combined method of high performance liquid chromatograph-elecrtrospray-ionization mass spectrometer（HPLC-ESI-MS/MS） coupled with a photodiode array detector（HPLC-DAD） and principal component analysis（PCA） was applied to the qualitative and quantitative analyses of alkaloids in Cortex Phellodendri（CP） samples, and to the differentiation of two species of CP, Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis（CPC） and Cortex Phellodendri Amurensis（CPA）. Twenty-two peaks appeared in the HPLC-MS base peak chromatogram of CP detected by the HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis, and the alkaloids were identified according to the MSn data, the known MS fragmentation rules and the literature data. Five alkaloids including berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, phellodendrine and magnoflorine were simultaneously determinated by the HPLC-DAD. Berberine was the primary component in all CP samples, and the contents of berberine and palmatine were exploited to be two critical parameters for effective discrimination between the two species of CP. The average content of berberine in CPC（58.75 mg/g） was higher than that in CPA（9.16 mg/g）, while the content of palmatine was less, only 0.25 mg/g in CPC and 4.19 mg/g in CPA. With the use of PCA, samples datasets were separated successfully into two different clusters corresponding to the two species, and berberine, pahnatine, phellodendrine and magnoflorine contribute most to the above mentioned calssifying . The proposed method oroved to be a useful tool in the aualitv control of Chinese herbal medicines.
文摘Background: Sialic acids are a family of ninecarbon sugar compounds with carboxylic acyl derivatives. It exists in bacteria, fish, mammals and other living organisms, participates in and regulates many important life events, such as cell recognition, membrane flow, endocytosis and so on. Sialic acid is usually located in the outermost layer of the sugar part of the cell membrane and the key positions of secreted glycoconjugates (glycolipids, glycoprotein and lipopolysaccharide). Sialic acid (Sia) is an important material foundation for variety of the structure and founction of glycoconjugates. Sia has been known as nearly 50 members, including N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), N-glycoulylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and deaminoneuraminic acid (KDN) as its core monomer. The rest of the sialic acids are derived from these three monomers. The contents of Sia in Chinese food products are unknown. Objective: To determine the contents of Sia in raw and cooked red meat, seafood, poultry and so on. Design: The following food products were purchased from a Chinese supermarket: pork, beef, lamb, salmon, cod, tuna, cow milk, cheese, butter, duck, chicken and chicken eggs. Human milk was collected from Xiamen Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital (Xiamen, China). All tissues were homogenized and hydrolyzed with 0.05 M, 0.1 M and 0.2 M TFA for 150 min at 80°C in dark, respectively. The concentrations of Neu5Ac, Neu5Gc and KDN were determined by using HPLC with fluorescence detector. Results: The contents of total Sia (μg/g tissue or μg/mL liquid sample) in Chinese raw meat were highest in lamb (269.60), followed by pork (254.88), duck (200.63), chicken (162.86) and beef (88.03). The percentages of Neu5Gc were 36.08%, 26.48%, 0%, 0% and 28.40%, respectively. Cod contained higher levels of Sia (171.63) than salmon (104.43) and tuna (77.98). Only Neu5Ac was 50 found in detected aquatic product. Egg yolk contained the highest level of Sia (682.04), and a higher level of Sia (390.67) was found in the egg white. Also our result showed that human milk contained extremely high level of Sia (602.55). Neu5Ac was the predominant form of Sia in all the deteced samples. KDN was found in cow milk only among the samples, the content was 1.14 μg/g. Conclusion: The highest content of Sia in examined Chinese foods was found in 56 eggs, followed by lamb, pork, duck, cod, chicken, salmon, beef and tuna. Knowledge of the Sia content in conventional foods may help us to better understand possible medical disorders involving the uptake of the “non-human” Neu5Gc from our diet.
基金The Ministry of Higher Education,Science and Technology financially supported the research under the research program P2-0213,Textiles and Ecology.
文摘In the research, the HPLC technique was applied in order to monitor the hydrolysis and dye-fibre bond-forming during the dyeing process. The results show that using a proper execution of calibration curves of the active and hydrolyzed form of the dye and defined equations, HPLC technique enable determining the exact amount of both dye forms anytime during dyeing. Dyeing process was performed in dyeing machine with use of combination of both alkalis—Na2CO3 and NaOH—and with use of one alkali—Na2CO3. It was established that NaOH causes additional hydrolysis of the dye and that the use of Na2CO3 is more appropriate for Novacron Scarlet F-3G dye. The temperature of adsorption has no influence on dye fixation;an amount of fixed dye on fibre is up to 83.0%.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30725045)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No.B906)in part by the Scientific Foundation of Shanghai China(Nos.07DZ19728, 06DZ19717 and 06DZ19005)
文摘For quality control purpose, an approach of fingerprinting and simultaneous quantification of five major bioactive constituents of Rhizoma Coptidis was established via a high-performance liquid chromatograph coupled with a photodiode array UV detector（HPLC-DAD） and an electrospray ionization mass spectrometer（HPLC-ESI/MS） The compounds were identified on the basis of the comparison of their mass spectra with literature data and those of standard samples and quantified by the HPLC-DAD method. Baseline separation was achieved on an XTerra C18 column（5 μm, 250 mm×4.6 mm i. d.） with linear gradient elution of formate buffer（consisting of 0.5% formic acid, adjusted to pH=4.5 with ammonia） and acetonitrile（consisting of 0.2% formic acid and 0.2% triethylamine）. The me- thod was validated for linearity（r^2〉0.9995）, repeatability（RSD〈3.1%）, intra- and inter-day precision（RSD〈1.8%） with recovery（99.9%-105.1%）, limits of detection（0.15-0.35 μg/mL）, and limits of quantification（0.53-0.82 μg/mL）. The similarities of 32 batches of Rhizoma Coptidis and their classification according to their manufacturers were based on the retention time and peak areas of the characteristic compounds. The five compounds were selected for quality assessment ofRhizoma coptidis via partial least squares analysis（PLS）.
文摘Glycerides are first separated to classes of triglycerides(TGs), diglycerides(DGs) and monoglycerides(MGs) by normal phase HPLC on silica gel column. Individual triglyceride separation is then achieved by non-aqueous reversed phase(NARP) HPLC on C_(18) column with UV detection at 215nm.
文摘Sun Guoxiang, Ding Nan, Song Yuqing, Wang Zhen, Song Liangwei. Determination of Guaiacol salicylate in Guacetisal by HPLCmethod and qualitative identification of relevant substances by HPLC-MS
基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Yunnan Province(2010CD106)the 973 Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of P.R.China(2011CB915503)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China,KIB,CAS(P2010-ZZ03)The Fourteenth Candidates of the Young Academic Leaders of Yunnan Province(Min XU,2011CI044).
文摘“Long-Dan”and“Qin-Jiao”are two important TCM herbs since ancient times in China.In the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,the dried roots and rhizomes of four species from the genus Gentiana,e.g.Gentiana manshurica,G.scabra,G.triflora and G.rigescens,are recorded under the name of Gentianae Radix et Rhizoma(“Long-Dan”in Chinese),while the other four species from the same genus including G.macrophylla,G.crassicaulis,G.straminea and G.duhurica are recorded and used as the raw materials of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix(“Qin-Jiao”in Chinese).On the basis of the establishment of a validated HPLC–UV method for quantifying simultaneously,five iridoid glycosides,e.g.loganic acid(1),swertiamarinin(2),gentiopicroside(3),sweroside(4)and 20-(o,m-dihydroxybenzyl)sweroside(5)have been used successfully as chemical markers for the comparison of the species used as“Long-Dan”,“Qin-Jiao”and their adulterants in the present study.The results suggested that four iridoid glycosides 1–4 commonly existed in both“Long-Dan”and“Qin-Jiao”,while 20-(o,m-dihydroxybenzyl)sweroside(5)also existed as one of the major components in“Dian-Long-Dan”species.Moreover,the contents of compounds 1–5 were various in different“LongDan”and“Qin-Jiao”species.Herein,we profiled and compared three“Long-Dan”species,four“Qin-Jiao”species and five adulterants by applying multivariate statistical techniques to their HPLC data sets to establish the differences and/or similarities.
文摘Medicinal materials Ma Chenchen, Li Bailin, Ou Jie, Wang Jing, Zhao Junhong. Detection of N-acyl-homoserine lactones class signal molecules of quorum sensing secreted by bacteria using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/ mass spectrometry
文摘A sensitive and selective method has been developed for the detection of free ethacrynic acid in human urine. Using 4-(bromomethyl)-7-methoxycoumarin, ethacrynic acid was transformed into a fluorescent derivative, and was analysed by HPLC-fluorescence detector. The detection limit is 0.1ug/ml urine. The method is suitable for screening ethacrynic acid in doping control and studying its metabolism.
