Nineteen surface sediment samples collected from Baiyangdian Lake and its inflowing river （Fuhe River） in North China were analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） and decabromodiphenylethane （DBDPE）....Nineteen surface sediment samples collected from Baiyangdian Lake and its inflowing river （Fuhe River） in North China were analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） and decabromodiphenylethane （DBDPE）. The concentrations of PBDEs and DBDPE in sediments ranged from 5.5 to 300.7 ng/g dry weight （dw） and 1.1 to 68.2 ng/g dw, respectively. Their levels in sediments in Fuhe River were significantly higher than those in Balyandian Lake. Compared to data from other regions, the PBDE levels in surface sediments from Baiyangdian Lake and Fuhe River were in the medium to lower range. Among the PBDE congeners, BDE209 was predominant, with contributions to the total PBDEs ranging from 79.4% to 97.3% in sediment samples. For the lowly brominated congeners （tri- to hepta-BDE）, BDE47 and BDE99 were the most abundant, which contributed 52.1% and 44.1% to the sum of tri- to hepta-BDEs in the sediments from Baiyangdian Lake and Fuhe River, respectively. The compositional patterns of PBDEs in Baiyangdian Lake sediments indicated that technical deca-BDE mixture was the major pollutant sources with a minor contribution of penta-BDE mixture. The present study suggested that the importance of Fuhe River as a possibly potential sources of PBDEs contamination in Baiyangdian Lake.展开更多
为加强河流生态流量阈值及保障率计算对天然水文情势变化的适应性,提出了基于水文集合分位数的生态流量计算方法。根据河流长序列实测径流数据,在年际和年内划分不同水文情景,基于生态流量水文集合的中位数和下四分位数确定年内汛期、...为加强河流生态流量阈值及保障率计算对天然水文情势变化的适应性,提出了基于水文集合分位数的生态流量计算方法。根据河流长序列实测径流数据,在年际和年内划分不同水文情景,基于生态流量水文集合的中位数和下四分位数确定年内汛期、非汛期生态流量阈值下限,以丰、平水年组的计算结果分别作为平、枯水年组的生态流量理想值,结合生态流量中长期和短期保障率,计算分析河流在不同时间尺度下的生态流量保障程度。抚河下游应用结果表明:综合水情变化的生态流量阈值和多时间尺度保障率分析方法能够更好地适应天然河流年际和年内水情变化,更准确识别河流水文健康状况;丰、平、枯水年组抚河下游年均生态流量阈值下限分别为156.49、90.43、29.54 m 3/s;不同时间尺度下抚河下游生态流量的保障程度均较低,中长期保障率大于短期保障率,中长期和短期保障率分别为63.64%~93.11%、42.50%~91.85%。展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program(973) of China(No. 2006CB403306)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30870311)
文摘Nineteen surface sediment samples collected from Baiyangdian Lake and its inflowing river （Fuhe River） in North China were analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers （PBDEs） and decabromodiphenylethane （DBDPE）. The concentrations of PBDEs and DBDPE in sediments ranged from 5.5 to 300.7 ng/g dry weight （dw） and 1.1 to 68.2 ng/g dw, respectively. Their levels in sediments in Fuhe River were significantly higher than those in Balyandian Lake. Compared to data from other regions, the PBDE levels in surface sediments from Baiyangdian Lake and Fuhe River were in the medium to lower range. Among the PBDE congeners, BDE209 was predominant, with contributions to the total PBDEs ranging from 79.4% to 97.3% in sediment samples. For the lowly brominated congeners （tri- to hepta-BDE）, BDE47 and BDE99 were the most abundant, which contributed 52.1% and 44.1% to the sum of tri- to hepta-BDEs in the sediments from Baiyangdian Lake and Fuhe River, respectively. The compositional patterns of PBDEs in Baiyangdian Lake sediments indicated that technical deca-BDE mixture was the major pollutant sources with a minor contribution of penta-BDE mixture. The present study suggested that the importance of Fuhe River as a possibly potential sources of PBDEs contamination in Baiyangdian Lake.
文摘为加强河流生态流量阈值及保障率计算对天然水文情势变化的适应性,提出了基于水文集合分位数的生态流量计算方法。根据河流长序列实测径流数据,在年际和年内划分不同水文情景,基于生态流量水文集合的中位数和下四分位数确定年内汛期、非汛期生态流量阈值下限,以丰、平水年组的计算结果分别作为平、枯水年组的生态流量理想值,结合生态流量中长期和短期保障率,计算分析河流在不同时间尺度下的生态流量保障程度。抚河下游应用结果表明:综合水情变化的生态流量阈值和多时间尺度保障率分析方法能够更好地适应天然河流年际和年内水情变化,更准确识别河流水文健康状况;丰、平、枯水年组抚河下游年均生态流量阈值下限分别为156.49、90.43、29.54 m 3/s;不同时间尺度下抚河下游生态流量的保障程度均较低,中长期保障率大于短期保障率,中长期和短期保障率分别为63.64%~93.11%、42.50%~91.85%。
文摘村落非点源污染是白洋淀流域农业非点源污染的重要组成部分.现场调查府河干流临河村落生活污水、生活垃圾的排放情况及相应污染物含量,研究了其非点源污染特征.结果表明:临河村落生活污水与生活垃圾的人均排放量分别为26.3 L/d和0.41 kg/d;临河村落非点源氮、磷污染中,生活垃圾贡献极大,在TN、TP年潜在入河负荷和年入河负荷中所占比例均接近70%;生活污水中的氮、磷以可溶态为主;生活污水与人粪尿的CODCr年入河负荷分别为10.9和2.30 t,生活垃圾的TOC年入河负荷为26.9 t.
