Objective:To explore the application value of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic systems in the computed tomography(CT)diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.Methods:A total of 80 patients with pulmonary nodules,trea...Objective:To explore the application value of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic systems in the computed tomography(CT)diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.Methods:A total of 80 patients with pulmonary nodules,treated from June 2023 to May 2024,were included.All patients underwent pathological examination and CT scans,with pathological results serving as the gold standard.The diagnostic performance of CT alone and CT combined with the artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system was analyzed,and differences in CT imaging features and evaluation results of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules were compared.Results:The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of CT combined with the artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system were significantly higher than those of CT alone(P<0.05).Moreover,the false-positive and false-negative rates were significantly lower for the combined approach compared to CT alone(P<0.05).Conclusion:The artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system effectively identifies malignant features in pulmonary nodules,providing valuable clinical reference data and enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.展开更多
Measurements of the total radiated power and its spatial distribution are crucial for fusion research.On the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak(EAST),both the metal foil resistive bolometer and the absolute...Measurements of the total radiated power and its spatial distribution are crucial for fusion research.On the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak(EAST),both the metal foil resistive bolometer and the absolute extreme ultraviolet(AXUV)photodiodes have been used to quantify the radiated power.This article introduces the latest improvement of the bolometer diagnostic system on EAST.It also details the successful design and installation of new divertor AXUV cameras,which are dedicated to the investigation of divertor physics.The shielding components of the bolometer detector have been refined,and the article provides a detailed exposition of the double shielding structures that have been verified as effective in microwave shielding.Additionally,the changes in the radiated power distribution in the divertor region during the plasma detachment process are measured using the divertor AXUV camera.Finally,the radiated power measured by the AXUV detector and metal foil resistive bolometer are compared,and different detector performances are presented.展开更多
A diagnostic system of soft x-ray diode-array was set up for HT-7 superconducting tokamak. The system consists of two slot-aperture cameras and is capable of measuring the soft x-ray emission from the plasma on HT-7 d...A diagnostic system of soft x-ray diode-array was set up for HT-7 superconducting tokamak. The system consists of two slot-aperture cameras and is capable of measuring the soft x-ray emission from the plasma on HT-7 device with a high resolution in space and a high response in time. Both cameras, located separately in a horizontal port and a vertical port each with thirty-seven detectors of An-Si surface-barrier diode (SBD) can view the same toroidal cross-section of the plasma from different poloidal chords. In this paper, the structure, principle and performance of the diagnostic system are described and some experimental results observed are presented.展开更多
Three categories of failure diagnostic methods for reciprocating compressors are classified according to the signals adopted by the diagnosis. They are parameter method, vibration method, and oil analysis method. In t...Three categories of failure diagnostic methods for reciprocating compressors are classified according to the signals adopted by the diagnosis. They are parameter method, vibration method, and oil analysis method. In this paper, the applicable range and operational difficulties of these methods are discussed on the basis of analysis and induction upon normal failure. It is proposed that a compressor's normal failure can be divided into thermodynamical property failure and mechanical function failure. As to the former, the parameter method that takes a cylinder pressure signal as the main diagnostic signal may be applied; and as to the latter, the vibration signal frequency spectrum can be used to diagnose. At the same time, the structure of an intelligent diagnostic system based on neural networks is introduced, and its schematic is given.展开更多
The hepatitis B virus is the most deadly virus,which significantly affects the human liver.The termination of the hepatitis B virus is mandatory and can be done by taking precautions as well as a suitable cure in its ...The hepatitis B virus is the most deadly virus,which significantly affects the human liver.The termination of the hepatitis B virus is mandatory and can be done by taking precautions as well as a suitable cure in its introductory stage;otherwise,it will become a severe problem and make a human liver suffer from the most dangerous diseases,such as liver cancer.In this paper,two medical diagnostic systems are developed for the diagnosis of this life-threatening virus.The methodologies used to develop thesemodels are fuzzy logic and the neuro-fuzzy technique.The diverse parameters that assist in the evaluation of performance are also determined by using the observed values from the proposed system for both developedmodels.The classification accuracy of a multilayered fuzzy inference system is 94%.The accuracy with which the developed medical diagnostic system by using Adaptive Network based Fuzzy Interference System(ANFIS)classifies the result corresponding to the given input is 95.55%.The comparison of both developed models on the basis of their performance parameters has been made.It is observed that the neuro-fuzzy technique-based diagnostic system has better accuracy in classifying the infected and non-infected patients as compared to the fuzzy diagnostic system.Furthermore,the performance evaluation concluded that the outcome given by the developed medical diagnostic system by using ANFIS is accurate and correct as compared to the developed fuzzy inference system and also can be used in hospitals for the diagnosis of Hepatitis B disease.In other words,the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system has more capability to classify the provided inputs adequately than the fuzzy inference system.展开更多
A multipulse and multipoint Nd：YAG （neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet） laser Thomson scattering diagnostic system was developed on EAST to obtain more accurate electron temperature Te and electron density ne profil...A multipulse and multipoint Nd：YAG （neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet） laser Thomson scattering diagnostic system was developed on EAST to obtain more accurate electron temperature Te and electron density ne profiles. In this paper, the optical system, the VME （versa module eurocard）-based real-time computer system for laser control, data acquisition, analysis and calibration are discussed in detail. Furthermore, a developed data processing method is presented.展开更多
A novel real time fast electron bremsstrahlung (FEB) diagnostic system based on the lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate scintillators (LYSO) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) has been developed for tokamak.The diagnos...A novel real time fast electron bremsstrahlung (FEB) diagnostic system based on the lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate scintillators (LYSO) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) has been developed for tokamak.The diagnostic system is dedicated to study the FEB emission in the hard x-ray (HXR) energy range between 10 and 200 keV during the lower hybrid current drive.The system consists of a detection module and three data acquisition and processing (DAP)boards.The detection module consists of annulus LYSO-SiPM detector array and a 12-channel preamplifier module.The DAP boards upload the data to the host computer for displaying and storing through PXI bus.The time and space resolutions of the system are 10 ms and 4 cm,respectively.The experimental results can show the evolution over time and the spatial distribution of FEB.This paper presents the system performance and typical discharge results.展开更多
Primary physical design of the Thomson scattering system for EAST, including the configuration of the system and the design considerations of different sections of the system, is presented. The expected measurability ...Primary physical design of the Thomson scattering system for EAST, including the configuration of the system and the design considerations of different sections of the system, is presented. The expected measurability of this design, namely an electron temperature of 513 eV to 5 keV and a plasma density beyond 0.5× 10^19 m^-3, fulfills the requirements of the EAST operation.展开更多
The development of cleaning optics and deposition-mitigating techniques is a key factor in the construction and operation of optical diagnostics in ITER. The cleaning of optical surface by pulsed radiation from a fibe...The development of cleaning optics and deposition-mitigating techniques is a key factor in the construction and operation of optical diagnostics in ITER. The cleaning of optical surface by pulsed radiation from a fiber laser is an effective method that can recover optical properties of the mirror surface. The possibility of cleaning metallic mirrors from films with complex composition by pulsed radiation from a fiber laser has been experimentally researched. It has been shown that the high initial reflection characteristics of optical elements can be recovered by choosing regimes of radiation effect on the deposited surface. Efficient cleaning is ensured by radiation with the power density of less than 107 W/cm2. At this relatively low power density, pollutions are removed in a solid phase and the thermal effect on the mirror is insignificant. Preliminary experiments of the metal mirrors cleaning by fiber laser radiation have demonstrated the possibility of hardware implementation techniques.展开更多
A 10-channel Hα diagnostic system has been designed with the rapid response rate of 300 kHz, spatial resolution of about 40 mm, and overlap between adjacent channels of about 3%, and it has been implemented successfu...A 10-channel Hα diagnostic system has been designed with the rapid response rate of 300 kHz, spatial resolution of about 40 mm, and overlap between adjacent channels of about 3%, and it has been implemented successfully on Keda Torus eXperiment(KTX), a newly constructed, reversed field pinch(RFP) experimental device at the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC). This diagnostic system is a very important tool for the initial KTX operations. It is compact,with an aperture slit replacing the traditional optical lens system. A flexural interference filter is designed to prevent the center wavelength from shifting too much as the increase of angle from vertical incidence. To eliminate the stray light,the interior of the system is covered with the black aluminum foil having a very high absorptivity. Using the Hαemission data, together with the profiles of electron temperature and density obtained from the Langmuir probe, the neutral density profiles have been calculated for KTX plasmas. The rapid response rate and good spatial resolution of this Hαdiagnostic system will be beneficial for many studies in RFP plasma physics.展开更多
A spectral diagnostic control system （SDCS） is developed to implement automatic process of the edge rotation diagnostic system on the J-TEXT tokamak. The SDCS contains a control module, data operation module, data a...A spectral diagnostic control system （SDCS） is developed to implement automatic process of the edge rotation diagnostic system on the J-TEXT tokamak. The SDCS contains a control module, data operation module, data analysis module, and data upload module. The core of this system is a newly developed software ＂Spectra Assist＂, which completes the whole process by coupling all related subroutines and servers. The results of data correction and calculated rotation are presented. In the daily discharge of J-TEXT, SDCS is proved to have a stable performance and high efficiency in completing the process of data acquisition, operation and results output.展开更多
Measurement of externalizing disorders such as antisocial disorders,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder or borderline disorder have relevant implications for the daily lives of people with these disorders.While th...Measurement of externalizing disorders such as antisocial disorders,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder or borderline disorder have relevant implications for the daily lives of people with these disorders.While the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM)and the International Classification of Diseases(ICD)have provided the diagnostic framework for decades,recent dimensional frameworks question the categorical approach of psychopathology,inherent in traditional nosotaxies.Tests and instruments develop under the DSM or ICD framework preferentially adopt this categorical approach,providing diagnostic labels.In contrast,dimensional measurement instruments provide an individualized profile for the domains that comprise the externalizing spectrum,but are less widely used in practice.Current paper aims to review the operational definitions of externalizing disorders defined under these different frameworks,revise the different measurement alternatives existing,and provide an integrative operational definition.First,an analysis of the operational definition of externalizing disorders among the DSM/ICD diagnostic systems and the recent Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology(HiTOP)model is carried out.Then,in order to analyze the coverage of operational definitions found,a description of measurement instruments among each conceptualization is provided.Three phases in the development of the ICD and DSM diagnosis systems can be observed with direct implications for measurement.ICD and DSM versions have progressively introduced systematicity,providing more detailed descriptions of diagnostic criteria and categories that ease the measurement instrument development.However,it is questioned whether the DSM/ICD systems adequately modelize externalizing disorders,and therefore their measurement.More recent theoretical approaches,such as the HiTOP model seek to overcome some of the criticism raised towards the classification systems.Nevertheless,several issues concerning this model raise mesasurement challenges.A revision of the instruments underneath each approach shows incomplete coverage of externalizing disorders among the existing instruments.Efforts to bring nosotaxies together with other theoretical models of psychopathology and personality are still needed.The integrative operational definition of externalizing disorders provided may help to gather clinical practice and research.展开更多
In paper it introduced a review of modem traction vehicle drive system with induction motor drive system （PMSM with single or dual rotor drive system） or BLDC motor with different configuration of magnetic circuits....In paper it introduced a review of modem traction vehicle drive system with induction motor drive system （PMSM with single or dual rotor drive system） or BLDC motor with different configuration of magnetic circuits. For particular part of drive system proposed a quasi intelligent control system version smart control enables multi criteria predictive control of vehicle work. In the paper presented also a selected diagnostic procedure, enables monitoring exploitation parameters, and prediction of probable failure state. For different vehicle work state realized a simulation models and crash test of exploitations failure models.展开更多
A multifunctional optical diagnostic system,which includes an interferometer,a refractometer and a multi-frame shadowgraph,has been developed at the Shenguang-II upgrade laser facility to characterize underdense plasm...A multifunctional optical diagnostic system,which includes an interferometer,a refractometer and a multi-frame shadowgraph,has been developed at the Shenguang-II upgrade laser facility to characterize underdense plasmas in experiments of the double-cone ignition scheme of inertial confinement fusion.The system employs a 266 nm laser as the probe to minimize the refraction effect and allows for flexible switching among three modes of the interferometer,refractometer and multi-frame shadowgraph.The multifunctional module comprises a pair of beam splitters that attenuate the laser,shield stray light and configure the multi-frame and interferometric modules.By adjusting the distance and angle between the beam splitters,the system can be easily adjusted and switched between the modes.Diagnostic results demonstrate that the interferometer can reconstruct electron density below 10^(19)cm^(–3),while the refractometer can diagnose density approximately up to 10^(20)cm^(–3).The multi-frame shadowgraph is used to qualitatively characterize the temporal evolution of plasmas in the cases in which the interferometer and refractometer become ineffective.展开更多
Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods We searched MEDLINE,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,an...Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods We searched MEDLINE,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and IEEE Xplore databases until September 2023.Cross-sectional and case-control studies on diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for IBS were identified.We estimated the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likeli-hood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval(CI),and plotted a summary receiver operat-ing characteristic curve and evaluated the area under the curve.Results Four studies were included.The pooled diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,nega-tive likelihood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.94(95%CI,0.87‒0.97),0.89(95%CI,0.81‒0.94),8.43(95%CI,4.81‒14.78),0.07(95%CI,0.03‒0.15),and 118.86(95%CI,44.18‒319.75),respectively,with an area under the curve of 0.97(95%CI,0.95‒0.98).Conclusions Computerized bowel sound analysis is a promising tool for IBS.However,limited high-quality data make the results'validity and applicability questionable.There is a need for more diagnostic test accuracy studies and better wearable devices for monitoring and analysis of IBS.展开更多
To meet the demands of laser-ion acceleration at a high repetition rate,we have developed a comprehensive diagnostic system for real-time and in situ monitoring of liquid sheet targets(LSTs).The spatially resolved rap...To meet the demands of laser-ion acceleration at a high repetition rate,we have developed a comprehensive diagnostic system for real-time and in situ monitoring of liquid sheet targets(LSTs).The spatially resolved rapid characterizations of an LST’s thickness,flatness,tilt angle and position are fulfilled by different subsystems with high accuracy.With the help of the diagnostic system,we reveal the dependence of thickness distribution on collision parameters and report the 238-nm liquid sheet generated by the collision of two liquid jets.Control methods for the flatness and tilt angle of LSTs have also been provided,which are essential for applications of laser-driven ion acceleration and others.展开更多
Several promising plasma biomarker proteins,such as amyloid-β(Aβ),tau,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein,are widely used for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,little is k...Several promising plasma biomarker proteins,such as amyloid-β(Aβ),tau,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein,are widely used for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,little is known about the long-term stability of these biomarker proteins in plasma samples stored at-80°C.We aimed to explore how storage time would affect the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers using a large cohort.Plasma samples from 229 cognitively unimpaired individuals,encompassing healthy controls and those experiencing subjective cognitive decline,as well as 99 patients with cognitive impairment,comprising those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia,were acquired from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline project.These samples were stored at-80°C for up to 6 years before being used in this study.Our results showed that plasma levels of Aβ42,Aβ40,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein were not significantly correlated with sample storage time.However,the level of total tau showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.Notably,in individuals without cognitive impairment,plasma levels of total protein and tau phosphorylated protein threonine 181(p-tau181)also showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.This was not observed in individuals with cognitive impairment.Consequently,we speculate that the diagnostic accuracy of plasma p-tau181 and the p-tau181 to total tau ratio may be influenced by sample storage time.Therefore,caution is advised when using these plasma biomarkers for the identification of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease.Furthermore,in cohort studies,it is important to consider the impact of storage time on the overall results.展开更多
In a recent case report in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,emphasized the crucial role of rapidly and accurately identifying pathogens to optimize patient treatment outcomes.Laboratory-on-a-chip(LOC)technology has...In a recent case report in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,emphasized the crucial role of rapidly and accurately identifying pathogens to optimize patient treatment outcomes.Laboratory-on-a-chip(LOC)technology has emerged as a transformative tool in health care,offering rapid,sensitive,and specific identification of microorganisms.This editorial provides a comprehensive overview of LOC technology,highlighting its principles,advantages,applications,challenges,and future directions.Success studies from the field have demonstrated the practical benefits of LOC devices in clinical diagnostics,epidemiology,and food safety.Comparative studies have underscored the superiority of LOC technology over traditional methods,showcasing improvements in speed,accuracy,and portability.The future integration of LOC with biosensors,artificial intelligence,and data analytics promises further innovation and expansion.This call to action emphasizes the importance of continued research,investment,and adoption to realize the full potential of LOC technology in improving healthcare outcomes worldwide.展开更多
This study investigates the variability in cancer diagnosis across different tissues and organs, with a focus on the role of diagnostic methods such as Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry...This study investigates the variability in cancer diagnosis across different tissues and organs, with a focus on the role of diagnostic methods such as Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The predominance of female breast cancer (30%) aligns with global trends, underscoring the need for robust diagnostic protocols, particularly in developing regions. Other prevalent cancers, including skin, stomach, and cervix uteri, reflect a mix of environmental, genetic, and infectious factors. The underrepresentation of gallbladder and thyroid cancers (<1%) suggests potential underdiagnosis or lower prevalence. Age distribution data indicate peak cancer incidence in individuals aged 31 - 45 years, with gender-specific cancers like breast and cervical cancer predominantly affecting females (63.4%). The analysis also highlights significant diagnostic gaps, as 61.2% of cases did not undergo IHC testing due to resource constraints, leading to potential biases in cancer prevalence and diagnostic accuracy. The study emphasizes the complementary role of IHC in confirming ambiguous H&E findings, with strong alignment observed when both methods were used. However, the absence of IHC in many cases limits the robustness of conclusions, suggesting the need for increased access to IHC testing. The findings advocate for integrating IHC into routine diagnostics, expanding diagnostic capabilities, and improving sample sizes to ensure more reliable and comprehensive cancer data.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To reach consensus on the diagnostic criteria of syndrome of dampness obstruction in idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN)patients by literature research and expert investigation(interviews and a Delphi met...OBJECTIVE:To reach consensus on the diagnostic criteria of syndrome of dampness obstruction in idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN)patients by literature research and expert investigation(interviews and a Delphi method).METHODS:Our study was consistent with T/CACM 1336-2020.We searched the monographs and references published in the past 40 years(1983-2022),and established the diagnostic criteria pool of waterdampness syndrome and dampness-turbidity syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)based on literature by using frequency statistics and correlation analysis.Expert investigation(interview method and two rounds of Delphi method)was used to form the diagnostic criteria of water-dampness syndrome and dampnessturbidity syndrome of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.Clinical diagnostic test research was carried out,and compared with“Diagnostic Criteria for dampness syndrome”(T/CACM 1454-2023)to evaluate the authenticity,reliability and clinical application value of the standard.RESULTS:A total of 122 relevant guides,standards,monographs and documents were included through searching books and Chinese databases.Four experts were interviewed and two rounds of delphi method(75 experts nationwide)were carried out.The experts'opinions are relatively concentrated and the differences are small.Based on the weight of each index,the diagnostic criteria indexes of water-dampness syndrome and dampness-turbidity syndrome were selected.After discussion by the core group members,the diagnostic model of"necessary symptoms and optional symptoms"was established,and the final diagnostic criteria of waterdampness syndrome and dampness-turbidity syndrome were established.One hundred and ninety-one inpatients and outpatients of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to February 2023 were included in Diagnostic test study.There was no statistical difference in gender,age and course of disease(P>0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of the trial standard were 90.34%and 73.33%respectively,while the sensitivity and specificity of T/CACM 1454-2023 were 99.43%and 6.67%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The consensus-based diagnostic criteria for IMN can be widely incorporated in TCM.A further clinical study will be conducted to analyze the diagnosis value and cut-off score of our IMN criteria.展开更多
基金supported by Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine“Xinglin Scholars”Subject Talent Scientific Research Enhancement Plan(No.YYZX2022056).
文摘Objective:To explore the application value of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic systems in the computed tomography(CT)diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.Methods:A total of 80 patients with pulmonary nodules,treated from June 2023 to May 2024,were included.All patients underwent pathological examination and CT scans,with pathological results serving as the gold standard.The diagnostic performance of CT alone and CT combined with the artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system was analyzed,and differences in CT imaging features and evaluation results of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules were compared.Results:The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of CT combined with the artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system were significantly higher than those of CT alone(P<0.05).Moreover,the false-positive and false-negative rates were significantly lower for the combined approach compared to CT alone(P<0.05).Conclusion:The artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system effectively identifies malignant features in pulmonary nodules,providing valuable clinical reference data and enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency.
基金supported by the National MCF Energy R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFE03040003 and 2019YFE03010003).
文摘Measurements of the total radiated power and its spatial distribution are crucial for fusion research.On the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak(EAST),both the metal foil resistive bolometer and the absolute extreme ultraviolet(AXUV)photodiodes have been used to quantify the radiated power.This article introduces the latest improvement of the bolometer diagnostic system on EAST.It also details the successful design and installation of new divertor AXUV cameras,which are dedicated to the investigation of divertor physics.The shielding components of the bolometer detector have been refined,and the article provides a detailed exposition of the double shielding structures that have been verified as effective in microwave shielding.Additionally,the changes in the radiated power distribution in the divertor region during the plasma detachment process are measured using the divertor AXUV camera.Finally,the radiated power measured by the AXUV detector and metal foil resistive bolometer are compared,and different detector performances are presented.
文摘A diagnostic system of soft x-ray diode-array was set up for HT-7 superconducting tokamak. The system consists of two slot-aperture cameras and is capable of measuring the soft x-ray emission from the plasma on HT-7 device with a high resolution in space and a high response in time. Both cameras, located separately in a horizontal port and a vertical port each with thirty-seven detectors of An-Si surface-barrier diode (SBD) can view the same toroidal cross-section of the plasma from different poloidal chords. In this paper, the structure, principle and performance of the diagnostic system are described and some experimental results observed are presented.
文摘Three categories of failure diagnostic methods for reciprocating compressors are classified according to the signals adopted by the diagnosis. They are parameter method, vibration method, and oil analysis method. In this paper, the applicable range and operational difficulties of these methods are discussed on the basis of analysis and induction upon normal failure. It is proposed that a compressor's normal failure can be divided into thermodynamical property failure and mechanical function failure. As to the former, the parameter method that takes a cylinder pressure signal as the main diagnostic signal may be applied; and as to the latter, the vibration signal frequency spectrum can be used to diagnose. At the same time, the structure of an intelligent diagnostic system based on neural networks is introduced, and its schematic is given.
基金This research has been funded by Direccion General de Investigaciones of Universidad Santiago de Cali under call No.01-2021。
文摘The hepatitis B virus is the most deadly virus,which significantly affects the human liver.The termination of the hepatitis B virus is mandatory and can be done by taking precautions as well as a suitable cure in its introductory stage;otherwise,it will become a severe problem and make a human liver suffer from the most dangerous diseases,such as liver cancer.In this paper,two medical diagnostic systems are developed for the diagnosis of this life-threatening virus.The methodologies used to develop thesemodels are fuzzy logic and the neuro-fuzzy technique.The diverse parameters that assist in the evaluation of performance are also determined by using the observed values from the proposed system for both developedmodels.The classification accuracy of a multilayered fuzzy inference system is 94%.The accuracy with which the developed medical diagnostic system by using Adaptive Network based Fuzzy Interference System(ANFIS)classifies the result corresponding to the given input is 95.55%.The comparison of both developed models on the basis of their performance parameters has been made.It is observed that the neuro-fuzzy technique-based diagnostic system has better accuracy in classifying the infected and non-infected patients as compared to the fuzzy diagnostic system.Furthermore,the performance evaluation concluded that the outcome given by the developed medical diagnostic system by using ANFIS is accurate and correct as compared to the developed fuzzy inference system and also can be used in hospitals for the diagnosis of Hepatitis B disease.In other words,the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system has more capability to classify the provided inputs adequately than the fuzzy inference system.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.10805056, 10675126)
文摘A multipulse and multipoint Nd：YAG （neodymium-yttrium aluminum garnet） laser Thomson scattering diagnostic system was developed on EAST to obtain more accurate electron temperature Te and electron density ne profiles. In this paper, the optical system, the VME （versa module eurocard）-based real-time computer system for laser control, data acquisition, analysis and calibration are discussed in detail. Furthermore, a developed data processing method is presented.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11575184).
文摘A novel real time fast electron bremsstrahlung (FEB) diagnostic system based on the lutetium yttrium oxyorthosilicate scintillators (LYSO) and silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) has been developed for tokamak.The diagnostic system is dedicated to study the FEB emission in the hard x-ray (HXR) energy range between 10 and 200 keV during the lower hybrid current drive.The system consists of a detection module and three data acquisition and processing (DAP)boards.The detection module consists of annulus LYSO-SiPM detector array and a 12-channel preamplifier module.The DAP boards upload the data to the host computer for displaying and storing through PXI bus.The time and space resolutions of the system are 10 ms and 4 cm,respectively.The experimental results can show the evolution over time and the spatial distribution of FEB.This paper presents the system performance and typical discharge results.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10725523, 10721505 and 10805056)
文摘Primary physical design of the Thomson scattering system for EAST, including the configuration of the system and the design considerations of different sections of the system, is presented. The expected measurability of this design, namely an electron temperature of 513 eV to 5 keV and a plasma density beyond 0.5× 10^19 m^-3, fulfills the requirements of the EAST operation.
文摘The development of cleaning optics and deposition-mitigating techniques is a key factor in the construction and operation of optical diagnostics in ITER. The cleaning of optical surface by pulsed radiation from a fiber laser is an effective method that can recover optical properties of the mirror surface. The possibility of cleaning metallic mirrors from films with complex composition by pulsed radiation from a fiber laser has been experimentally researched. It has been shown that the high initial reflection characteristics of optical elements can be recovered by choosing regimes of radiation effect on the deposited surface. Efficient cleaning is ensured by radiation with the power density of less than 107 W/cm2. At this relatively low power density, pollutions are removed in a solid phase and the thermal effect on the mirror is insignificant. Preliminary experiments of the metal mirrors cleaning by fiber laser radiation have demonstrated the possibility of hardware implementation techniques.
基金Project supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China(Grant No.2017YFE0301700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11635008)
文摘A 10-channel Hα diagnostic system has been designed with the rapid response rate of 300 kHz, spatial resolution of about 40 mm, and overlap between adjacent channels of about 3%, and it has been implemented successfully on Keda Torus eXperiment(KTX), a newly constructed, reversed field pinch(RFP) experimental device at the University of Science and Technology of China(USTC). This diagnostic system is a very important tool for the initial KTX operations. It is compact,with an aperture slit replacing the traditional optical lens system. A flexural interference filter is designed to prevent the center wavelength from shifting too much as the increase of angle from vertical incidence. To eliminate the stray light,the interior of the system is covered with the black aluminum foil having a very high absorptivity. Using the Hαemission data, together with the profiles of electron temperature and density obtained from the Langmuir probe, the neutral density profiles have been calculated for KTX plasmas. The rapid response rate and good spatial resolution of this Hαdiagnostic system will be beneficial for many studies in RFP plasma physics.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11305069 and 10990214)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2013GB106001,2011GB109001)
文摘A spectral diagnostic control system （SDCS） is developed to implement automatic process of the edge rotation diagnostic system on the J-TEXT tokamak. The SDCS contains a control module, data operation module, data analysis module, and data upload module. The core of this system is a newly developed software ＂Spectra Assist＂, which completes the whole process by coupling all related subroutines and servers. The results of data correction and calculated rotation are presented. In the daily discharge of J-TEXT, SDCS is proved to have a stable performance and high efficiency in completing the process of data acquisition, operation and results output.
基金Supported by the “Reliable and clinical relevant change of Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Ⅱ-IDAS Ⅱ:a longitudinal clinical utility study (RELY-IDAS-Ⅱ)”,project PID2020-116187RB-I00 on Proyectos I+D+i 2020 “Retos del Conocimiento” provided by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain)by the grant FPU20/06606
文摘Measurement of externalizing disorders such as antisocial disorders,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder or borderline disorder have relevant implications for the daily lives of people with these disorders.While the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM)and the International Classification of Diseases(ICD)have provided the diagnostic framework for decades,recent dimensional frameworks question the categorical approach of psychopathology,inherent in traditional nosotaxies.Tests and instruments develop under the DSM or ICD framework preferentially adopt this categorical approach,providing diagnostic labels.In contrast,dimensional measurement instruments provide an individualized profile for the domains that comprise the externalizing spectrum,but are less widely used in practice.Current paper aims to review the operational definitions of externalizing disorders defined under these different frameworks,revise the different measurement alternatives existing,and provide an integrative operational definition.First,an analysis of the operational definition of externalizing disorders among the DSM/ICD diagnostic systems and the recent Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology(HiTOP)model is carried out.Then,in order to analyze the coverage of operational definitions found,a description of measurement instruments among each conceptualization is provided.Three phases in the development of the ICD and DSM diagnosis systems can be observed with direct implications for measurement.ICD and DSM versions have progressively introduced systematicity,providing more detailed descriptions of diagnostic criteria and categories that ease the measurement instrument development.However,it is questioned whether the DSM/ICD systems adequately modelize externalizing disorders,and therefore their measurement.More recent theoretical approaches,such as the HiTOP model seek to overcome some of the criticism raised towards the classification systems.Nevertheless,several issues concerning this model raise mesasurement challenges.A revision of the instruments underneath each approach shows incomplete coverage of externalizing disorders among the existing instruments.Efforts to bring nosotaxies together with other theoretical models of psychopathology and personality are still needed.The integrative operational definition of externalizing disorders provided may help to gather clinical practice and research.
文摘In paper it introduced a review of modem traction vehicle drive system with induction motor drive system （PMSM with single or dual rotor drive system） or BLDC motor with different configuration of magnetic circuits. For particular part of drive system proposed a quasi intelligent control system version smart control enables multi criteria predictive control of vehicle work. In the paper presented also a selected diagnostic procedure, enables monitoring exploitation parameters, and prediction of probable failure state. For different vehicle work state realized a simulation models and crash test of exploitations failure models.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA25010200)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFA160005602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12375242)
文摘A multifunctional optical diagnostic system,which includes an interferometer,a refractometer and a multi-frame shadowgraph,has been developed at the Shenguang-II upgrade laser facility to characterize underdense plasmas in experiments of the double-cone ignition scheme of inertial confinement fusion.The system employs a 266 nm laser as the probe to minimize the refraction effect and allows for flexible switching among three modes of the interferometer,refractometer and multi-frame shadowgraph.The multifunctional module comprises a pair of beam splitters that attenuate the laser,shield stray light and configure the multi-frame and interferometric modules.By adjusting the distance and angle between the beam splitters,the system can be easily adjusted and switched between the modes.Diagnostic results demonstrate that the interferometer can reconstruct electron density below 10^(19)cm^(–3),while the refractometer can diagnose density approximately up to 10^(20)cm^(–3).The multi-frame shadowgraph is used to qualitatively characterize the temporal evolution of plasmas in the cases in which the interferometer and refractometer become ineffective.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32170788)National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(No.2022-PUMCH-B-023)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.7232123).
文摘Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)with a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods We searched MEDLINE,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and IEEE Xplore databases until September 2023.Cross-sectional and case-control studies on diagnostic accuracy of bowel sound analysis for IBS were identified.We estimated the pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likeli-hood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval(CI),and plotted a summary receiver operat-ing characteristic curve and evaluated the area under the curve.Results Four studies were included.The pooled diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,nega-tive likelihood ratio,and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.94(95%CI,0.87‒0.97),0.89(95%CI,0.81‒0.94),8.43(95%CI,4.81‒14.78),0.07(95%CI,0.03‒0.15),and 118.86(95%CI,44.18‒319.75),respectively,with an area under the curve of 0.97(95%CI,0.95‒0.98).Conclusions Computerized bowel sound analysis is a promising tool for IBS.However,limited high-quality data make the results'validity and applicability questionable.There is a need for more diagnostic test accuracy studies and better wearable devices for monitoring and analysis of IBS.
文摘To meet the demands of laser-ion acceleration at a high repetition rate,we have developed a comprehensive diagnostic system for real-time and in situ monitoring of liquid sheet targets(LSTs).The spatially resolved rapid characterizations of an LST’s thickness,flatness,tilt angle and position are fulfilled by different subsystems with high accuracy.With the help of the diagnostic system,we reveal the dependence of thickness distribution on collision parameters and report the 238-nm liquid sheet generated by the collision of two liquid jets.Control methods for the flatness and tilt angle of LSTs have also been provided,which are essential for applications of laser-driven ion acceleration and others.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China,Nos.2021YFC2501205(to YC),2022YFC24069004(to JL)the STI2030-Major Project,Nos.2021ZD0201101(to YC),2022ZD0211800(to YH)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Major International Joint Research Project),No.82020108013(to YH)the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion,No.M-0759(to YH)a grant from Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(Beijing Brain Initiative),No.Z201100005520018(to JL)。
文摘Several promising plasma biomarker proteins,such as amyloid-β(Aβ),tau,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein,are widely used for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.However,little is known about the long-term stability of these biomarker proteins in plasma samples stored at-80°C.We aimed to explore how storage time would affect the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers using a large cohort.Plasma samples from 229 cognitively unimpaired individuals,encompassing healthy controls and those experiencing subjective cognitive decline,as well as 99 patients with cognitive impairment,comprising those with mild cognitive impairment and dementia,were acquired from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline project.These samples were stored at-80°C for up to 6 years before being used in this study.Our results showed that plasma levels of Aβ42,Aβ40,neurofilament light chain,and glial fibrillary acidic protein were not significantly correlated with sample storage time.However,the level of total tau showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.Notably,in individuals without cognitive impairment,plasma levels of total protein and tau phosphorylated protein threonine 181(p-tau181)also showed a negative correlation with sample storage time.This was not observed in individuals with cognitive impairment.Consequently,we speculate that the diagnostic accuracy of plasma p-tau181 and the p-tau181 to total tau ratio may be influenced by sample storage time.Therefore,caution is advised when using these plasma biomarkers for the identification of neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease.Furthermore,in cohort studies,it is important to consider the impact of storage time on the overall results.
文摘In a recent case report in the World Journal of Clinical Cases,emphasized the crucial role of rapidly and accurately identifying pathogens to optimize patient treatment outcomes.Laboratory-on-a-chip(LOC)technology has emerged as a transformative tool in health care,offering rapid,sensitive,and specific identification of microorganisms.This editorial provides a comprehensive overview of LOC technology,highlighting its principles,advantages,applications,challenges,and future directions.Success studies from the field have demonstrated the practical benefits of LOC devices in clinical diagnostics,epidemiology,and food safety.Comparative studies have underscored the superiority of LOC technology over traditional methods,showcasing improvements in speed,accuracy,and portability.The future integration of LOC with biosensors,artificial intelligence,and data analytics promises further innovation and expansion.This call to action emphasizes the importance of continued research,investment,and adoption to realize the full potential of LOC technology in improving healthcare outcomes worldwide.
文摘This study investigates the variability in cancer diagnosis across different tissues and organs, with a focus on the role of diagnostic methods such as Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The predominance of female breast cancer (30%) aligns with global trends, underscoring the need for robust diagnostic protocols, particularly in developing regions. Other prevalent cancers, including skin, stomach, and cervix uteri, reflect a mix of environmental, genetic, and infectious factors. The underrepresentation of gallbladder and thyroid cancers (<1%) suggests potential underdiagnosis or lower prevalence. Age distribution data indicate peak cancer incidence in individuals aged 31 - 45 years, with gender-specific cancers like breast and cervical cancer predominantly affecting females (63.4%). The analysis also highlights significant diagnostic gaps, as 61.2% of cases did not undergo IHC testing due to resource constraints, leading to potential biases in cancer prevalence and diagnostic accuracy. The study emphasizes the complementary role of IHC in confirming ambiguous H&E findings, with strong alignment observed when both methods were used. However, the absence of IHC in many cases limits the robustness of conclusions, suggesting the need for increased access to IHC testing. The findings advocate for integrating IHC into routine diagnostics, expanding diagnostic capabilities, and improving sample sizes to ensure more reliable and comprehensive cancer data.
基金the Special Project of State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine:Study on Criteria for Diagnosis of Dampness Syndrome of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy,Cohort Study on Pathogenesis and Material Basis of Dampness Syndrome of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy,Randomized Controlled Clinical Study of Sanqi Qushi Granule in Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy(No.SZ2021ZZ02,SZ2021ZZ09 and SZ2021ZZ36)the 2020 Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Strategy Special Fund:Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Lab(No.2020B1212030006)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province:Study on the Mechanism of Sanqi Qushi Prescription Delaying Podocellular Senescence in Membranous Nephropathy based on Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Adenosine Monophosphate Synthase-Stimulator of Interferon Genes-Nuclear Factor Kappa-B Signaling Pathway(No.2022A1515011628)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project:to Explore the Mechanism of Treating Membranous Nephropathy from the Perspective of Regulating Amino Acid Metabolism Disorder(No.2023A03J0746)Special Funding for Scientific and Technological Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine:a Multimodular Machine Learning Prediction Model based on Pathological Image-transcriptomics and Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes was Used to Investigate the Prognostic Correlation of Long non-coding RNA Molecules in Nephropathy and the Intervention Mechanism of Sanqi Qushi Formula,to Investigate the Pathogenesis and Microbiological Mechanism of Dampness Syndrome of Membranous Nephropathy based on the Microecological Changes of Tongue Coating(No.YN2023MB02,YN2023MB10)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To reach consensus on the diagnostic criteria of syndrome of dampness obstruction in idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN)patients by literature research and expert investigation(interviews and a Delphi method).METHODS:Our study was consistent with T/CACM 1336-2020.We searched the monographs and references published in the past 40 years(1983-2022),and established the diagnostic criteria pool of waterdampness syndrome and dampness-turbidity syndrome in Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)based on literature by using frequency statistics and correlation analysis.Expert investigation(interview method and two rounds of Delphi method)was used to form the diagnostic criteria of water-dampness syndrome and dampnessturbidity syndrome of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.Clinical diagnostic test research was carried out,and compared with“Diagnostic Criteria for dampness syndrome”(T/CACM 1454-2023)to evaluate the authenticity,reliability and clinical application value of the standard.RESULTS:A total of 122 relevant guides,standards,monographs and documents were included through searching books and Chinese databases.Four experts were interviewed and two rounds of delphi method(75 experts nationwide)were carried out.The experts'opinions are relatively concentrated and the differences are small.Based on the weight of each index,the diagnostic criteria indexes of water-dampness syndrome and dampness-turbidity syndrome were selected.After discussion by the core group members,the diagnostic model of"necessary symptoms and optional symptoms"was established,and the final diagnostic criteria of waterdampness syndrome and dampness-turbidity syndrome were established.One hundred and ninety-one inpatients and outpatients of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to February 2023 were included in Diagnostic test study.There was no statistical difference in gender,age and course of disease(P>0.05).The sensitivity and specificity of the trial standard were 90.34%and 73.33%respectively,while the sensitivity and specificity of T/CACM 1454-2023 were 99.43%and 6.67%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The consensus-based diagnostic criteria for IMN can be widely incorporated in TCM.A further clinical study will be conducted to analyze the diagnosis value and cut-off score of our IMN criteria.
