AIM To evaluate the changes in the 8^(th) edition American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC) for defining stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA pancreatic cancer and identify their prognostic factors.METHODS Pancreatic cancer patients were...AIM To evaluate the changes in the 8^(th) edition American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC) for defining stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA pancreatic cancer and identify their prognostic factors.METHODS Pancreatic cancer patients were selected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database(1973-2013). The enrolled patients were divided into?ⅠB and?ⅡA groups based on tumor size according to the 8^(th) edition AJCC criteria. Clinical characteristics, including age, gender, race, tumor size, primary site, and grade were summarized. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the prognostic factors of the?ⅠB and?ⅡA stages of pancreatic cancer under new criteria.RESULTS A total of 1349 pancreatic cancer patients were included. More patients had stage?ⅠB rather than stage?ⅡA. Stage?ⅠB tumors(54.85%) were mainly located in the head of the pancreas, while stage?ⅡA tumors were more often located in the tail and head of the pancreas(35.21% and 31.75%, respectively). The survival time of stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA patients had no significant difference. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the prognostic factors of survival for stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA patients were different. for stage?ⅠB patients, age and primary site were the independent prognostic factors; for stage?ⅡA patients, age and grade were the independent prognostic factors. The risk of death was lower among patients aged ≤ 65 years than those aged > 65 years.CONCLUSION The prognostic factors for stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA patients are different, but age is the independent prognostic factor for all patients. The survival time of stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA patients has no significant difference.展开更多
INTRODUCTION: Resting ischemic electrocardiographic abnormalities have been associated with cardio-vascular mortality. Simple markers of abnormal autonomic tone have also been associated with diabetes, obesity, and th...INTRODUCTION: Resting ischemic electrocardiographic abnormalities have been associated with cardio-vascular mortality. Simple markers of abnormal autonomic tone have also been associated with diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome in some populations. Data on these electrocardiographic abnormalities and correlations with coronary risk factors are lacking among Mexican Americans wherein these conditions are prevalent. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalent resting electrocardiographic abnormalities among community-dwelling Mexican Americans, and to correlate these findings with coronary risk factors, particularly diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Study subjects (n = 1280) were drawn from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort comprised of community-dwelling Mexican Americans living in Brownsville, Texas at the United States-Mexico border. Ischemic electro-cardiographic abnormalities were defined as presence of ST/T wave abnormalities suggestive of ischemia, abnormal Q waves, and left bundle branch block. Parameters that reflect autonomic tone, such as heart rate-corrected QT interval and resting heart rate, were also measured. RESULTS: Ischemic electrocar-diographic abnormalities were more prevalent among older persons and those with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome. Subjects in the highest quartiles of QTc interval and resting heart rate were also more likely to have diabetes, hypertension, obesity, or the metabolic syndrome. CONCLU- SIONS: Among Mexican Americans, persons with diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome were more likely to have ischemic electrocardiographic abnormalities, longer QTc intervals, and higher resting heart rates. A resting electrocardiogram can play a complementary role in the comprehensive evaluation of cardiovascular risk in this minority population.展开更多
AIM To compare the prevalence of chronic liver disease(CLD) risk factors in a representative sample of MexicanAmericans born in the United States(US) or Mexico, to a sample of adults in Mexico.METHODS Data for Mexican...AIM To compare the prevalence of chronic liver disease(CLD) risk factors in a representative sample of MexicanAmericans born in the United States(US) or Mexico, to a sample of adults in Mexico.METHODS Data for Mexican-Americans in the US were obtained from the 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES), which includes persons of Mexican origin living in the US(n = 4274). The NHANES sample was restricted to Mexican-American participants who were 20 years and older, born in the US or Mexico, not pregnant or breastfeeding, and with medical insurance.The data in Mexico were obtained from the 2004-2013 Health Worker Cohort Study in Cuernavaca, Mexico(n =9485). The following known risk factors for liver disease/cancer were evaluated: elevated aminotransferase levels(elevated alanine aminotransferase was defined as > 40 IU/L for males and females; elevated aspartate aminotransferase was defined as > 40 IU/L for males and females), infection with hepatitis B or hepatitis C,metabolic syndrome, high total cholesterol, diabetes,obesity, abdominal obesity, and heavy alcohol use. The main independent variables for this study classified individuals by country of residence(i.e., Mexico vs the US) and place of birth(i.e., US-born vs Mexico-born).Regression analyses were used to investigate CLD risk factors.RESULTS After adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics,Mexican-American males were more likely to be obese,diabetic, heavy/binge drinkers or have abdominal obesity than males in Mexico. The adjusted multivariate results for females also indicate that Mexican-American females were significantly more likely to be obese, diabetic, be heavy/binge drinkers or have abdominal obesity than Mexican females. The prevalence ratios and prevalence differences mirror the multivariate analysis findings for the aforementioned risk factors, showing a greater risk among US-born as compared to Mexico-born MexicanAmericans. CONCLUSION In this study, Mexican-Americans in the US had more risk factors for CLD than their counterparts in Mexico.These findings can be used to design and implement more effective health promotion policies and programs to address the specific factors that put Mexicans at higher risk of developing CLD in both countries.展开更多
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among high-risk African Americans. Methods: The study included a rand...Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among high-risk African Americans. Methods: The study included a randomized treatment/controlled intervention trial among 136 African Americans residing in Atlanta, GA who were overweight and had elevated blood pressure. The treatment group was exposed to 3-months of a multi-component intervention and the control to an abbreviated 6-week intervention after the completion of the treatment group’s intervention. The main outcomes included mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean waist circumference, mean body mass index (BMI), mean number of times exercise per week, mean number of servings of fruits and vegetables per day, and mean level of daily stress. Data were collected at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. Separate linear regressions were used with an established significance level of P P P = 0.002). Conclusion: These results show that a comprehensive lifestyle intervention can improve cardiovascular risk factor profile among high risk African Americans. Caregivers should encourage patients to participate in such programs and public health policymakers should allocate resources to community based health oriented organizations to implement comprehensive lifestyle program.展开更多
文摘AIM To evaluate the changes in the 8^(th) edition American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC) for defining stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA pancreatic cancer and identify their prognostic factors.METHODS Pancreatic cancer patients were selected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database(1973-2013). The enrolled patients were divided into?ⅠB and?ⅡA groups based on tumor size according to the 8^(th) edition AJCC criteria. Clinical characteristics, including age, gender, race, tumor size, primary site, and grade were summarized. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the prognostic factors of the?ⅠB and?ⅡA stages of pancreatic cancer under new criteria.RESULTS A total of 1349 pancreatic cancer patients were included. More patients had stage?ⅠB rather than stage?ⅡA. Stage?ⅠB tumors(54.85%) were mainly located in the head of the pancreas, while stage?ⅡA tumors were more often located in the tail and head of the pancreas(35.21% and 31.75%, respectively). The survival time of stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA patients had no significant difference. Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the prognostic factors of survival for stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA patients were different. for stage?ⅠB patients, age and primary site were the independent prognostic factors; for stage?ⅡA patients, age and grade were the independent prognostic factors. The risk of death was lower among patients aged ≤ 65 years than those aged > 65 years.CONCLUSION The prognostic factors for stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA patients are different, but age is the independent prognostic factor for all patients. The survival time of stage?ⅠB and?ⅡA patients has no significant difference.
文摘INTRODUCTION: Resting ischemic electrocardiographic abnormalities have been associated with cardio-vascular mortality. Simple markers of abnormal autonomic tone have also been associated with diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome in some populations. Data on these electrocardiographic abnormalities and correlations with coronary risk factors are lacking among Mexican Americans wherein these conditions are prevalent. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalent resting electrocardiographic abnormalities among community-dwelling Mexican Americans, and to correlate these findings with coronary risk factors, particularly diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Study subjects (n = 1280) were drawn from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort comprised of community-dwelling Mexican Americans living in Brownsville, Texas at the United States-Mexico border. Ischemic electro-cardiographic abnormalities were defined as presence of ST/T wave abnormalities suggestive of ischemia, abnormal Q waves, and left bundle branch block. Parameters that reflect autonomic tone, such as heart rate-corrected QT interval and resting heart rate, were also measured. RESULTS: Ischemic electrocar-diographic abnormalities were more prevalent among older persons and those with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome. Subjects in the highest quartiles of QTc interval and resting heart rate were also more likely to have diabetes, hypertension, obesity, or the metabolic syndrome. CONCLU- SIONS: Among Mexican Americans, persons with diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome were more likely to have ischemic electrocardiographic abnormalities, longer QTc intervals, and higher resting heart rates. A resting electrocardiogram can play a complementary role in the comprehensive evaluation of cardiovascular risk in this minority population.
基金Supported by the Programa de Investigación en Migracion y Salud(PIMSA),No.2015-2106the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social(IMSS),No.2005/1/Ⅰ/093+2 种基金and the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología(CONACYT),No.26267MNo.SALUD-2011-01-161930the NIH,No.UL1TR000124 to Crespi CM,and NIH/NCI No.K07CA197179 to Flores YN
文摘AIM To compare the prevalence of chronic liver disease(CLD) risk factors in a representative sample of MexicanAmericans born in the United States(US) or Mexico, to a sample of adults in Mexico.METHODS Data for Mexican-Americans in the US were obtained from the 1999-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES), which includes persons of Mexican origin living in the US(n = 4274). The NHANES sample was restricted to Mexican-American participants who were 20 years and older, born in the US or Mexico, not pregnant or breastfeeding, and with medical insurance.The data in Mexico were obtained from the 2004-2013 Health Worker Cohort Study in Cuernavaca, Mexico(n =9485). The following known risk factors for liver disease/cancer were evaluated: elevated aminotransferase levels(elevated alanine aminotransferase was defined as > 40 IU/L for males and females; elevated aspartate aminotransferase was defined as > 40 IU/L for males and females), infection with hepatitis B or hepatitis C,metabolic syndrome, high total cholesterol, diabetes,obesity, abdominal obesity, and heavy alcohol use. The main independent variables for this study classified individuals by country of residence(i.e., Mexico vs the US) and place of birth(i.e., US-born vs Mexico-born).Regression analyses were used to investigate CLD risk factors.RESULTS After adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics,Mexican-American males were more likely to be obese,diabetic, heavy/binge drinkers or have abdominal obesity than males in Mexico. The adjusted multivariate results for females also indicate that Mexican-American females were significantly more likely to be obese, diabetic, be heavy/binge drinkers or have abdominal obesity than Mexican females. The prevalence ratios and prevalence differences mirror the multivariate analysis findings for the aforementioned risk factors, showing a greater risk among US-born as compared to Mexico-born MexicanAmericans. CONCLUSION In this study, Mexican-Americans in the US had more risk factors for CLD than their counterparts in Mexico.These findings can be used to design and implement more effective health promotion policies and programs to address the specific factors that put Mexicans at higher risk of developing CLD in both countries.
文摘Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors among high-risk African Americans. Methods: The study included a randomized treatment/controlled intervention trial among 136 African Americans residing in Atlanta, GA who were overweight and had elevated blood pressure. The treatment group was exposed to 3-months of a multi-component intervention and the control to an abbreviated 6-week intervention after the completion of the treatment group’s intervention. The main outcomes included mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean waist circumference, mean body mass index (BMI), mean number of times exercise per week, mean number of servings of fruits and vegetables per day, and mean level of daily stress. Data were collected at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. Separate linear regressions were used with an established significance level of P P P = 0.002). Conclusion: These results show that a comprehensive lifestyle intervention can improve cardiovascular risk factor profile among high risk African Americans. Caregivers should encourage patients to participate in such programs and public health policymakers should allocate resources to community based health oriented organizations to implement comprehensive lifestyle program.
