The Yangtze River economic belt(YREB),China is important to the Chinese economy and for supporting sustainable development.Clarifying the relationship between water quality indices and socioeconomic indicators could h...The Yangtze River economic belt(YREB),China is important to the Chinese economy and for supporting sustainable development.Clarifying the relationship between water quality indices and socioeconomic indicators could help improve aquatic environment management in the YREB and our understanding of the causes and effects of water quality variations in other large river basins.In this study,river water quality,factors affecting water quality,and management strategies,and correlations between water quality indices and socioeconomic indicators in the YREB during the 13th Five-Year Plan period(2016-2020)were assessed.The single-factor evaluation method,constant price for GDP,and correlation analyses were adopted.The results showed that:1)water quality in the YREB improved during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.The number of aquatic environment sections meeting GradeⅠ-Ⅲwater quality standards increased by 13.1%and the number below Grade V decreased by 2.9%.2)The values of 12 indicators in the YREB exceeded relevant standards.The indicators with highest concentreation were the total phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen,and permanganate index,which were relatively high in downstream regions in Anhui Province,Jiangsu Province,and Shanghai Municipality.3)Ammonia nitrogen,chemical oxygen demand,and total phosphorus emissions per unit area and water extraction per unit area are relatively high in the three downstream regions mentioned above.4)Increased domestic sewage discharges have increased total wastewater discharges in the YREB.5)River water quality in the YREB strongly correlated with population,economic,and water resource indices and less strongly correlated with government investment,agriculture,meteorology,energy,and forestry indices.This confirmed the need to decrease wastewater discharges and non-point-source pollutant emissions.The aquatic environment could be improved by taking reasonable measures to control population growth,adjusting the industrial structure to accelerate industrial transformation and increase the proportion of tertiary industries,and investing in technological innovations to protect the environment.展开更多
This paper describes the characteristics and optimal methods for the planning of stand-alone microgrid system, in order to improve the power supply reliability, increase the coefficient of utilization of renewable ene...This paper describes the characteristics and optimal methods for the planning of stand-alone microgrid system, in order to improve the power supply reliability, increase the coefficient of utilization of renewable energy and reduce the cost of investment and operation. Next, the problems in the optimal planning for a stand-alone microgrid system are summarized, including the unique operational control targets, the flexible combination approaches and the operation strategies of distributed generation energy supply system, and the special requirements of the reliability of power supply quality factor from the different users. And then, centering on the operational control and the advanced energy management strategy, the optimal mathematical models and the solving methods, the reliability assessment approaches and the improvement measures of a stand-alone microgrid system, an overview of the general situation of the recent research at home and abroad and the limitations of the study are summarized. Finally, several problems, existing in the optimal planning of stand-alone microgrid system, to be urgently solved, are put forward.展开更多
The AraguaiaRiver Basincovers a considerable extent of Brazilian Savanna (locally called Cerrado) and part of Amazon Tropical Rainforest, embracing high biodiversity and a vast flooding area. This region has been conv...The AraguaiaRiver Basincovers a considerable extent of Brazilian Savanna (locally called Cerrado) and part of Amazon Tropical Rainforest, embracing high biodiversity and a vast flooding area. This region has been converted to agricultural lands since 1970s, for the past four decades, leading to a fragmented landscape that holds one of the few large remaining blocks of Cerrado primary vegetation. Therefore, to assess the degree of preservation of this area a 2007 primary vegetation map was derived through Boolean operations using land use and land cover maps from 1975, 1985, 1996 and 2007, from digital classification of Landsat MSS and TM images. To evaluate the role of driving factors on the presence of pristine vegetation, a logistic regression analyses was performed. Tested factors were: distance from roads and cities, terrain slope, land tenure, soil fertility and flooding. We found statistical significant values (p nous lands, wetlands and areas with low fertility have positive influence on the presence and maintenance of these pristine areas. The occurrence of original vegetation in many cases is associated with environmental constraints that difficult or do not allow agricultural use. Analysis of physical and political factors, which may have direct or indirect influence on the conservation and degradation of native vegetation are very important for the comprehension of the dynamics of regional land use, and provide supporting information for a more efficient and sustainable regional landscape planning.展开更多
Generally, approaches of coastal issues are sectoral basis and solutions have been formed in adhoc fashions which are not long lasting. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is conceived as a holistic management t...Generally, approaches of coastal issues are sectoral basis and solutions have been formed in adhoc fashions which are not long lasting. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is conceived as a holistic management tool working across sectoral, disciplinary, and institutional boundaries. ICZM planning is a continuous process to achieve the goals and objectives by using alternative decisions. ICZM plan is providing boundary conditions for limitation, negotiation and implementation. Planning for coastal management is essentially requires integration of resources, uses, issues, and tools for achieving the management objectives. The ultimate goal of ICZM is to improve the quality of life of human communities. Coastal area management needs integrated, interdisciplinary and multi-sectoral approaches for sustainable utilization of resources, which is the fundamental objective of the resource planners and managers. Methodology for ICZM planning is differing in relation to the regional culture, society, economics, politics, nature, technology, scientific, human behavior, etc. Planning for coastal management is very easy by following the methodology or framework developed for the planning process. A case study of ICZM Plan for Andaman has been prepared by using the participatory methodology, which is the source of consensus for all stakeholders of the Andaman Islands. The tasks of ICZM Plan preparation for Andaman Islands includes, knowledgebase development, selection of ICZM plan preparation methodologies, conflict identification, risk analysis, cost benefit analysis, strategic and action plans, recommendations and institutional changes. This ICZM methodology could be used for comparing and understanding the boundary conditions of union or federal developing nations towards comparative planning.展开更多
Industrial Parks （IPs） in the Northern Key Economic Zone of Vietnam （NKEZ） have been making significant contributions to the development of the zone since the first two industrial parks--Noi Bai in Hanoi and Nomur...Industrial Parks （IPs） in the Northern Key Economic Zone of Vietnam （NKEZ） have been making significant contributions to the development of the zone since the first two industrial parks--Noi Bai in Hanoi and Nomura in Hal Phong--were established 15 years ago. So far, there have been 51 IPs in the zone, covering a total area of 13,000 ha. Such IPs play a crucial role in mobilizing capital from domestic and international investors for investments in infrastructure enhancement, trade and production aimed at promoting the economic structure transition. However, besides the above benefits, there are a number of unstable factors preventing further development of the IPs. Thus, the objectives of this study are two-fold. The first is to analyze the unstable factors, and the second is to map out strategies to enhance sustainable development of industrial parks in Vietnam＇s northern key economic zone.展开更多
In the history, the main roles of inland rivers in Beilun Port City of Ningbo were desalination,blocking tides, shipping, and flood control. Nowadays, with the continuous spread and deepening ofurbanization, the ecolo...In the history, the main roles of inland rivers in Beilun Port City of Ningbo were desalination,blocking tides, shipping, and flood control. Nowadays, with the continuous spread and deepening ofurbanization, the ecological environment of river courses has been destroyed. In the past, remediationmeasures based on engineering and technology played a certain role, but can not “cure the root cause”. Itshould respect the historical evolution process of river courses, and highlight the ecological service functionand leisure tourism value of river courses from the coordination perspective of urban and rural ecologicalenvironment, economic industries, society and culture in the planning ideas of ecology, production, andlife integration. Four aspects of the measures are as below: protecting and repairing the ecological matrixof river courses;building green space system and maintaining flood control functions through the waternetwork;protecting cultural heritage along the rivers;developing waterfront leisure tourism scenic area.展开更多
The São Francisco River basin is 2368 km long, with an average annual flow of 2846 m3/s and a drainage area of 639,219 km2. About 54% of this area lies in Brazil’s semi-arid northeast, with annual rainfall betwe...The São Francisco River basin is 2368 km long, with an average annual flow of 2846 m3/s and a drainage area of 639,219 km2. About 54% of this area lies in Brazil’s semi-arid northeast, with annual rainfall between 450 - 800 mm. The basin’s hydroelectric capacity is around 10,200 MW, but recent climate phenomena like El Niño and La Niña, worsened by global climate change, have reduced plant capacity factors from 0.70 - 0.80 to 0.35. Hybrid solar and wind systems integrated with hydroelectric plants offer a promising solution, increasing capacity and providing reliable storage through pumped water storage. This study assesses the complementarity of solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy in the São Francisco basin. Data from NASA POWER and CAMS, validated with terrestrial stations, were analyzed using Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall correlations. Results show variable complementarity across time scales, with weak complementarity annually but strong complementarity observed on daily and monthly scales. The study focuses on raw resource data, without considering integration or economic constraints.展开更多
针对动态不确定战场环境下多无人机对多区域、多目标的协同察打任务规划过程中存在的信息不确定、任务多约束及航迹强耦合的多目标优化与决策问题,结合Dubins航迹规划算法,提出了一种融合多种改进策略的灰狼优化算法(grey wolf optimiza...针对动态不确定战场环境下多无人机对多区域、多目标的协同察打任务规划过程中存在的信息不确定、任务多约束及航迹强耦合的多目标优化与决策问题,结合Dubins航迹规划算法,提出了一种融合多种改进策略的灰狼优化算法(grey wolf optimization algorithm incorporating multiple improvement strategies,IMISGWO).首先,针对动态环境带来的无人机巡航速度及察打任务消失时间的不确定性,基于可信性理论建立了以最大化任务收益为指标的任务规划数学模型;其次,为实现该问题的快速求解,设计了初始解均匀分布、个体通信机制调整、动态权重更新和跳出局部最优等策略,提升算法解搜索能力;最后,构建了多无人机察打一体典型任务仿真场景,通过数字仿真以及虚实结合半实物仿真试验验证了算法的可行性和有效性.仿真结果表明:算法在求解不确定环境下耦合航迹的多无人机察打一体任务规划问题时,能够生成多机高效的任务执行序列和满足无人机飞行性能约束的飞行轨迹,且能够适用于无人机数量增加导致问题复杂度增加情形下此类问题的求解.展开更多
General situation of the Yihe River in the new district of Luoyang City and its evolution history were introduced and evaluated from 4 perspectives of water,embankment,vegetation and traffic accessibility.On this basi...General situation of the Yihe River in the new district of Luoyang City and its evolution history were introduced and evaluated from 4 perspectives of water,embankment,vegetation and traffic accessibility.On this basis,orientation of waterfront landscape planning of the Yihe River in the overall urban planning of Luoyang City was proposed,and it was proposed that waterfront landscape planning in the study area should follow the principles of "ecological,cultural and regional,public,accessible and human-centered".It was to provide references for the landscape planning and design of the Yihe River in the new district of Luoyang City,and to promote its waterfront landscape construction.展开更多
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3204404,2023YFF1303705)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2243206)。
文摘The Yangtze River economic belt(YREB),China is important to the Chinese economy and for supporting sustainable development.Clarifying the relationship between water quality indices and socioeconomic indicators could help improve aquatic environment management in the YREB and our understanding of the causes and effects of water quality variations in other large river basins.In this study,river water quality,factors affecting water quality,and management strategies,and correlations between water quality indices and socioeconomic indicators in the YREB during the 13th Five-Year Plan period(2016-2020)were assessed.The single-factor evaluation method,constant price for GDP,and correlation analyses were adopted.The results showed that:1)water quality in the YREB improved during the 13th Five-Year Plan period.The number of aquatic environment sections meeting GradeⅠ-Ⅲwater quality standards increased by 13.1%and the number below Grade V decreased by 2.9%.2)The values of 12 indicators in the YREB exceeded relevant standards.The indicators with highest concentreation were the total phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand,ammonia nitrogen,and permanganate index,which were relatively high in downstream regions in Anhui Province,Jiangsu Province,and Shanghai Municipality.3)Ammonia nitrogen,chemical oxygen demand,and total phosphorus emissions per unit area and water extraction per unit area are relatively high in the three downstream regions mentioned above.4)Increased domestic sewage discharges have increased total wastewater discharges in the YREB.5)River water quality in the YREB strongly correlated with population,economic,and water resource indices and less strongly correlated with government investment,agriculture,meteorology,energy,and forestry indices.This confirmed the need to decrease wastewater discharges and non-point-source pollutant emissions.The aquatic environment could be improved by taking reasonable measures to control population growth,adjusting the industrial structure to accelerate industrial transformation and increase the proportion of tertiary industries,and investing in technological innovations to protect the environment.
文摘This paper describes the characteristics and optimal methods for the planning of stand-alone microgrid system, in order to improve the power supply reliability, increase the coefficient of utilization of renewable energy and reduce the cost of investment and operation. Next, the problems in the optimal planning for a stand-alone microgrid system are summarized, including the unique operational control targets, the flexible combination approaches and the operation strategies of distributed generation energy supply system, and the special requirements of the reliability of power supply quality factor from the different users. And then, centering on the operational control and the advanced energy management strategy, the optimal mathematical models and the solving methods, the reliability assessment approaches and the improvement measures of a stand-alone microgrid system, an overview of the general situation of the recent research at home and abroad and the limitations of the study are summarized. Finally, several problems, existing in the optimal planning of stand-alone microgrid system, to be urgently solved, are put forward.
基金Funding and scholarship for this study were provided by FAPESP and Milenio/CNPq(proc.2003/13172-2,2007/01686-2 and 420199/2005-5,respectively)support from United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)-Land-Cover and Land-Use Change Program(LCLUC)(NNX11AE56G).
文摘The AraguaiaRiver Basincovers a considerable extent of Brazilian Savanna (locally called Cerrado) and part of Amazon Tropical Rainforest, embracing high biodiversity and a vast flooding area. This region has been converted to agricultural lands since 1970s, for the past four decades, leading to a fragmented landscape that holds one of the few large remaining blocks of Cerrado primary vegetation. Therefore, to assess the degree of preservation of this area a 2007 primary vegetation map was derived through Boolean operations using land use and land cover maps from 1975, 1985, 1996 and 2007, from digital classification of Landsat MSS and TM images. To evaluate the role of driving factors on the presence of pristine vegetation, a logistic regression analyses was performed. Tested factors were: distance from roads and cities, terrain slope, land tenure, soil fertility and flooding. We found statistical significant values (p nous lands, wetlands and areas with low fertility have positive influence on the presence and maintenance of these pristine areas. The occurrence of original vegetation in many cases is associated with environmental constraints that difficult or do not allow agricultural use. Analysis of physical and political factors, which may have direct or indirect influence on the conservation and degradation of native vegetation are very important for the comprehension of the dynamics of regional land use, and provide supporting information for a more efficient and sustainable regional landscape planning.
文摘Generally, approaches of coastal issues are sectoral basis and solutions have been formed in adhoc fashions which are not long lasting. Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) is conceived as a holistic management tool working across sectoral, disciplinary, and institutional boundaries. ICZM planning is a continuous process to achieve the goals and objectives by using alternative decisions. ICZM plan is providing boundary conditions for limitation, negotiation and implementation. Planning for coastal management is essentially requires integration of resources, uses, issues, and tools for achieving the management objectives. The ultimate goal of ICZM is to improve the quality of life of human communities. Coastal area management needs integrated, interdisciplinary and multi-sectoral approaches for sustainable utilization of resources, which is the fundamental objective of the resource planners and managers. Methodology for ICZM planning is differing in relation to the regional culture, society, economics, politics, nature, technology, scientific, human behavior, etc. Planning for coastal management is very easy by following the methodology or framework developed for the planning process. A case study of ICZM Plan for Andaman has been prepared by using the participatory methodology, which is the source of consensus for all stakeholders of the Andaman Islands. The tasks of ICZM Plan preparation for Andaman Islands includes, knowledgebase development, selection of ICZM plan preparation methodologies, conflict identification, risk analysis, cost benefit analysis, strategic and action plans, recommendations and institutional changes. This ICZM methodology could be used for comparing and understanding the boundary conditions of union or federal developing nations towards comparative planning.
文摘Industrial Parks （IPs） in the Northern Key Economic Zone of Vietnam （NKEZ） have been making significant contributions to the development of the zone since the first two industrial parks--Noi Bai in Hanoi and Nomura in Hal Phong--were established 15 years ago. So far, there have been 51 IPs in the zone, covering a total area of 13,000 ha. Such IPs play a crucial role in mobilizing capital from domestic and international investors for investments in infrastructure enhancement, trade and production aimed at promoting the economic structure transition. However, besides the above benefits, there are a number of unstable factors preventing further development of the IPs. Thus, the objectives of this study are two-fold. The first is to analyze the unstable factors, and the second is to map out strategies to enhance sustainable development of industrial parks in Vietnam＇s northern key economic zone.
文摘In the history, the main roles of inland rivers in Beilun Port City of Ningbo were desalination,blocking tides, shipping, and flood control. Nowadays, with the continuous spread and deepening ofurbanization, the ecological environment of river courses has been destroyed. In the past, remediationmeasures based on engineering and technology played a certain role, but can not “cure the root cause”. Itshould respect the historical evolution process of river courses, and highlight the ecological service functionand leisure tourism value of river courses from the coordination perspective of urban and rural ecologicalenvironment, economic industries, society and culture in the planning ideas of ecology, production, andlife integration. Four aspects of the measures are as below: protecting and repairing the ecological matrixof river courses;building green space system and maintaining flood control functions through the waternetwork;protecting cultural heritage along the rivers;developing waterfront leisure tourism scenic area.
文摘The São Francisco River basin is 2368 km long, with an average annual flow of 2846 m3/s and a drainage area of 639,219 km2. About 54% of this area lies in Brazil’s semi-arid northeast, with annual rainfall between 450 - 800 mm. The basin’s hydroelectric capacity is around 10,200 MW, but recent climate phenomena like El Niño and La Niña, worsened by global climate change, have reduced plant capacity factors from 0.70 - 0.80 to 0.35. Hybrid solar and wind systems integrated with hydroelectric plants offer a promising solution, increasing capacity and providing reliable storage through pumped water storage. This study assesses the complementarity of solar, wind, and hydroelectric energy in the São Francisco basin. Data from NASA POWER and CAMS, validated with terrestrial stations, were analyzed using Pearson, Spearman, and Kendall correlations. Results show variable complementarity across time scales, with weak complementarity annually but strong complementarity observed on daily and monthly scales. The study focuses on raw resource data, without considering integration or economic constraints.
文摘General situation of the Yihe River in the new district of Luoyang City and its evolution history were introduced and evaluated from 4 perspectives of water,embankment,vegetation and traffic accessibility.On this basis,orientation of waterfront landscape planning of the Yihe River in the overall urban planning of Luoyang City was proposed,and it was proposed that waterfront landscape planning in the study area should follow the principles of "ecological,cultural and regional,public,accessible and human-centered".It was to provide references for the landscape planning and design of the Yihe River in the new district of Luoyang City,and to promote its waterfront landscape construction.
