The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide with successive emerging variants urgently calls for small-molecule oral drugs with broad-spectrum antiviral activity.Here,we show that carrimycin,a new macrolide antibiotic in the...The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide with successive emerging variants urgently calls for small-molecule oral drugs with broad-spectrum antiviral activity.Here,we show that carrimycin,a new macrolide antibiotic in the clinic and an antiviral candidate for SARS-CoV-2 in phase III trials,decreases the efficiency of programmed–1 ribosomal frameshifting of coronaviruses and thus impedes viral replication in a broad-spectrum fashion.Carrimycin binds directly to the coronaviral frameshift-stimulatory element(FSE)RNA pseudoknot,interrupting the viral protein translation switch from ORF1a to ORF1b and thereby reducing the level of the core components of the viral replication and transcription complexes.Combined carrimycin with known viral replicase inhibitors yielded a synergistic inhibitory effect on coronaviruses.Because the FSE mechanism is essential in all coronaviruses,carrimycin could be a new broad-spectrum antiviral drug for human coronaviruses by directly targeting the conserved coronaviral FSE RNA.This finding may open a new direction in antiviral drug discovery for coronavirus variants.展开更多
Bicyclol is a synthetic drug for hepatoprotection in clinic since 2004. Preliminary clinical observations suggest that bicyclol might be active against hepatitis C virus(HCV) with unknown mechanism. Here, we showed th...Bicyclol is a synthetic drug for hepatoprotection in clinic since 2004. Preliminary clinical observations suggest that bicyclol might be active against hepatitis C virus(HCV) with unknown mechanism. Here, we showed that bicyclol significantly inhibited HCV replication in vitro and in hepatitis C patients. Using bicyclol as a probe, we identified glycolipid transfer protein(GLTP) to be a novel restrictive factor for HCV replication. The GLTP preferentially bound host vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein-A(VAP-A) in competition with the HCV NS5 A, causing an interruption of the complex formation between VAP-A and HCV NS5 A. As the formation of VAP-A/NS5 A complex is essential for viral RNA replication, up-regulation of GLTP by bicyclol reduced the level of VAP-A/NS5 A complex and thus inhibited HCV replication. Bicyclol also exhibited an inhibition on HCV variants resistant to direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs) with an efficacy identical to that on wild type HCV. In combination with bicyclol, DAAs inhibited HCV replication in a synergistic fashion. GLTP appears to be a newly discovered host restrictive factor for HCV replication, Up-regulation of GLTP causes spontaneous restriction of HCV replication.展开更多
Interferon(IFN)in combination with ribavirin has been the standard of care(SOC)for chronic hepatitis C for the past few decades.Although the current SOC lacks the desired efficacy,and 4 new direct-acting antiviral age...Interferon(IFN)in combination with ribavirin has been the standard of care(SOC)for chronic hepatitis C for the past few decades.Although the current SOC lacks the desired efficacy,and 4 new direct-acting antiviral agents have been recently approved,interferons are still likely to remain the cornerstone of therapy for some time.Moreover,as an important cytokine system of innate immunity,host interferon signaling provides a powerful antiviral response.Nevertheless,the mechanisms by which HCV infection controls interferon production,and how interferons,in turn,trigger anti-HCV activities as well as control the outcome of HCV infection remain to be clarified.In this report,we review current progress in understanding the mechanisms of IFN against HCV,and also summarize the knowledge of induction of interferon signaling by HCV infection.展开更多
Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection has become a major public health burden worldwide.Twenty-two sophocarpinic acid or matrine derivatives were synthesized and their anti-HCV activities were evaluated in vitro.The...Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection has become a major public health burden worldwide.Twenty-two sophocarpinic acid or matrine derivatives were synthesized and their anti-HCV activities were evaluated in vitro.The structure-activity analysis revealed that(i)sophocarpinic acids with a D-seco 3-ring structure scaffold were more favorable than matrines with a 4-ring scaffold;(ii)the introduction of an electron-withdrawing group on the phenyl ring in 12-N-benzenesulfonylΔβγsophocarpinic acids was beneficial for the antiviral activity against HCV.Among them,compounds 9h and 9j exhibited the most potent inhibitory activities on HCV replication with selectivity indies of 70.3 and 30.9,respectively.Therefore,both were selected as antiviral candidates for further investigation.展开更多
A series of novel amino-substituted N-aryl benzamide analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit hepatitis C virus(HCV)replication in acutely infected Huh7.5 cells.Most of the substituted N-ary...A series of novel amino-substituted N-aryl benzamide analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit hepatitis C virus(HCV)replication in acutely infected Huh7.5 cells.Most of the substituted N-aryl benzamide compounds showed convincing anti-HCV activities.Compounds 1f,1g and 4c exhibited potent anti-replicative activity at low micromolar levels(IC_(50)=1.0–2.0μM)with selective indices(SI)greater than 40.Mechanistic analysis indicated that the active compounds increased intracellular hA3G protein levels and inhibited HCV replication in a dose-dependent manner.The results demonstrate that this series of substituted Naryl benzamide compounds warrant further investigation as inhibitors of HCV replication.展开更多
A series of novel N-phenylbenzamide and N-phenylacetophenone compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral activity against HCV and EV71(strain SZ-98).The biological results showed that three compounds(...A series of novel N-phenylbenzamide and N-phenylacetophenone compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral activity against HCV and EV71(strain SZ-98).The biological results showed that three compounds(23,25 and 41) exhibited considerable anti-HCV activity(IC50? 0.57–7.12 μmol/L) and several compounds(23,28,29,30,31 and 42) displayed potent activity against EV71 with the IC50 values lower than 5.00 μmol/L.The potency of compound 23(IC50? 0.57 μmol/L) was superior to that of reported compounds IMB-1f(IC50? 1.90 μmol/L) and IMB-1g(IC50? 1.00 μmol/L) as anti-HCV agents,and compound29 possessed the highest anti-EV71 activity,comparable to the comparator drug pirodavir.The efficacy in vivo and antiviral mechanism of these compounds warrant further investigations.展开更多
HCV genotypes have been documented in clinical practice.The aim of this study was to determine the replication priority of different HCV genotypes in a Chinese HCV positive cohort.Serum samples from 491 apparently hea...HCV genotypes have been documented in clinical practice.The aim of this study was to determine the replication priority of different HCV genotypes in a Chinese HCV positive cohort.Serum samples from 491 apparently healthy Chinese blood donors testing positive for HCV antibodies and naive to antiviral drug therapy were tested.Genotyping analysis showed that genotypes 1b and 2a were predominant and accounted for 77.6%of the HCV infections.Among the genotype groups,individuals infected with genotype 2a had an HCV RNA viral load(108 copies/mL)about 200-fold(lg,2.3)greater than those infected with other genotypes(10^(4)–10^(5)copies/mL)indicating a replication priority of genotype 2a.However,there was no correlation between HCV genotype and antibody response suggesting that the amplification advantage of genotype 2a results from a favorable interaction with the host cellular environment.In conclusion,HCV genotypes 1b and 2a are the predominant genotypes in China and genotype 2a possesses a significant replication priority compared with the other genotypes.This suggests the existence of host cellular factors that may act as drug-targets for entirely clearing HCV infection in the future.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation,China(82151525)the National key research and development program,China(2022YFC0869000)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2022-I2M-JB-013,2021-I2M-1-028 and 2022-I2M-2-002,China).
文摘The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 worldwide with successive emerging variants urgently calls for small-molecule oral drugs with broad-spectrum antiviral activity.Here,we show that carrimycin,a new macrolide antibiotic in the clinic and an antiviral candidate for SARS-CoV-2 in phase III trials,decreases the efficiency of programmed–1 ribosomal frameshifting of coronaviruses and thus impedes viral replication in a broad-spectrum fashion.Carrimycin binds directly to the coronaviral frameshift-stimulatory element(FSE)RNA pseudoknot,interrupting the viral protein translation switch from ORF1a to ORF1b and thereby reducing the level of the core components of the viral replication and transcription complexes.Combined carrimycin with known viral replicase inhibitors yielded a synergistic inhibitory effect on coronaviruses.Because the FSE mechanism is essential in all coronaviruses,carrimycin could be a new broad-spectrum antiviral drug for human coronaviruses by directly targeting the conserved coronaviral FSE RNA.This finding may open a new direction in antiviral drug discovery for coronavirus variants.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81321004,81621064,Jiandong Jiang81322050,Zonggen Peng)+2 种基金National Mega-Project for “R&D for Innovative drugs”,Ministry of Science and Technology,China(2012ZX09301-002-001,Jiandong Jiang,2018ZX09711001-003-010,Zonggen Peng)Ministry of Education,China(NCET-12-0072,Zonggen Peng)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences,China(CIFMS)(2017-I2M-3-012,Zonggen Peng)
文摘Bicyclol is a synthetic drug for hepatoprotection in clinic since 2004. Preliminary clinical observations suggest that bicyclol might be active against hepatitis C virus(HCV) with unknown mechanism. Here, we showed that bicyclol significantly inhibited HCV replication in vitro and in hepatitis C patients. Using bicyclol as a probe, we identified glycolipid transfer protein(GLTP) to be a novel restrictive factor for HCV replication. The GLTP preferentially bound host vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein-A(VAP-A) in competition with the HCV NS5 A, causing an interruption of the complex formation between VAP-A and HCV NS5 A. As the formation of VAP-A/NS5 A complex is essential for viral RNA replication, up-regulation of GLTP by bicyclol reduced the level of VAP-A/NS5 A complex and thus inhibited HCV replication. Bicyclol also exhibited an inhibition on HCV variants resistant to direct-acting antiviral agents(DAAs) with an efficacy identical to that on wild type HCV. In combination with bicyclol, DAAs inhibited HCV replication in a synergistic fashion. GLTP appears to be a newly discovered host restrictive factor for HCV replication, Up-regulation of GLTP causes spontaneous restriction of HCV replication.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars of China(81322050)the National S&T Major Special Project on Major New Drug Innovation(2012ZX09301-002-001)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China(NCET-12-0072).
文摘Interferon(IFN)in combination with ribavirin has been the standard of care(SOC)for chronic hepatitis C for the past few decades.Although the current SOC lacks the desired efficacy,and 4 new direct-acting antiviral agents have been recently approved,interferons are still likely to remain the cornerstone of therapy for some time.Moreover,as an important cytokine system of innate immunity,host interferon signaling provides a powerful antiviral response.Nevertheless,the mechanisms by which HCV infection controls interferon production,and how interferons,in turn,trigger anti-HCV activities as well as control the outcome of HCV infection remain to be clarified.In this report,we review current progress in understanding the mechanisms of IFN against HCV,and also summarize the knowledge of induction of interferon signaling by HCV infection.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund for Young Scientists(No.81302645)Beijing National Natural Science Fund(No.7121009).
文摘Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection has become a major public health burden worldwide.Twenty-two sophocarpinic acid or matrine derivatives were synthesized and their anti-HCV activities were evaluated in vitro.The structure-activity analysis revealed that(i)sophocarpinic acids with a D-seco 3-ring structure scaffold were more favorable than matrines with a 4-ring scaffold;(ii)the introduction of an electron-withdrawing group on the phenyl ring in 12-N-benzenesulfonylΔβγsophocarpinic acids was beneficial for the antiviral activity against HCV.Among them,compounds 9h and 9j exhibited the most potent inhibitory activities on HCV replication with selectivity indies of 70.3 and 30.9,respectively.Therefore,both were selected as antiviral candidates for further investigation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 30873138,81202414).
文摘A series of novel amino-substituted N-aryl benzamide analogs were synthesized and evaluated for their ability to inhibit hepatitis C virus(HCV)replication in acutely infected Huh7.5 cells.Most of the substituted N-aryl benzamide compounds showed convincing anti-HCV activities.Compounds 1f,1g and 4c exhibited potent anti-replicative activity at low micromolar levels(IC_(50)=1.0–2.0μM)with selective indices(SI)greater than 40.Mechanistic analysis indicated that the active compounds increased intracellular hA3G protein levels and inhibited HCV replication in a dose-dependent manner.The results demonstrate that this series of substituted Naryl benzamide compounds warrant further investigation as inhibitors of HCV replication.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.81273439 and 81202414)Student Fund of Innovation Project of Peking Union Medical College (No.2013-1007-10)
文摘A series of novel N-phenylbenzamide and N-phenylacetophenone compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral activity against HCV and EV71(strain SZ-98).The biological results showed that three compounds(23,25 and 41) exhibited considerable anti-HCV activity(IC50? 0.57–7.12 μmol/L) and several compounds(23,28,29,30,31 and 42) displayed potent activity against EV71 with the IC50 values lower than 5.00 μmol/L.The potency of compound 23(IC50? 0.57 μmol/L) was superior to that of reported compounds IMB-1f(IC50? 1.90 μmol/L) and IMB-1g(IC50? 1.00 μmol/L) as anti-HCV agents,and compound29 possessed the highest anti-EV71 activity,comparable to the comparator drug pirodavir.The efficacy in vivo and antiviral mechanism of these compounds warrant further investigations.
基金This study was supported by the“Key Program for the Control of Infectious Diseases”(Grant No.2005DIB1J090)the 973 Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(Grant No.2004CB518901,Jian-Dong Jiang).
文摘HCV genotypes have been documented in clinical practice.The aim of this study was to determine the replication priority of different HCV genotypes in a Chinese HCV positive cohort.Serum samples from 491 apparently healthy Chinese blood donors testing positive for HCV antibodies and naive to antiviral drug therapy were tested.Genotyping analysis showed that genotypes 1b and 2a were predominant and accounted for 77.6%of the HCV infections.Among the genotype groups,individuals infected with genotype 2a had an HCV RNA viral load(108 copies/mL)about 200-fold(lg,2.3)greater than those infected with other genotypes(10^(4)–10^(5)copies/mL)indicating a replication priority of genotype 2a.However,there was no correlation between HCV genotype and antibody response suggesting that the amplification advantage of genotype 2a results from a favorable interaction with the host cellular environment.In conclusion,HCV genotypes 1b and 2a are the predominant genotypes in China and genotype 2a possesses a significant replication priority compared with the other genotypes.This suggests the existence of host cellular factors that may act as drug-targets for entirely clearing HCV infection in the future.
