Objective： Stomach and esophageal cancer are imposing huge threats to the health of Chinese people whereasthere were few studies on the financial burden of the two cancers.Methods： Costs per hospitalization of all p...Objective： Stomach and esophageal cancer are imposing huge threats to the health of Chinese people whereasthere were few studies on the financial burden of the two cancers.Methods： Costs per hospitalization of all patients with stomach or esophageal cancer discharged betweenSeptember 2015 and August 2016 in seven cities/counties in China were collected, together with their demographicinformation and clinical details. Former patients in the same hospitals were sampled to collect information onannual direct non-medical cost, indirect costs and annual number of hospitalization. Annual direct medical cost wasobtained by multiplying cost per hospitalization by annual number of hospitalization. Annual cost of illness （ACI）was obtained by adding the average value of annual direct medical cost, direct non-medical cost and indirect cost,stratified by sex, age, clinical stage, therapy and pathologic type in urban and rural areas. Costs per hospitalizationwere itemized into eight parts to calculate the proportion of each part. All costs were converted to 2016 US dollars（1 USD：6.6423 RMB）.Results： Totally 19,986 cases were included, predominately male. Mean ages of stomach cancer and urbanpatients were lower than that of esophageal cancer and rural patients. ACI of stomach and esophageal cancerpatients were $10,449 and $13,029 in urban areas, and $2,927 and $3,504 in rural areas, respectively. Greater ACIwas associated with male, non-elderly patients as well as those who were in stage I and underwent surgeries.Western medicine fee took the largest proportion of cost per hospitalization.Conclusions： The ACI of stomach and esophageal cancer was tremendous and varied substantially among thepopulation in China. Preferential policies of medical insurance should be designed to tackle with this burden andfurther reduce the health care inequalities.展开更多
Torque teno virus(TTV) has been found to be prevalent world-wide in healthy populations and in patients with various diseases, but its etiological role has not yet been determined. Using high-throughput unbiased seque...Torque teno virus(TTV) has been found to be prevalent world-wide in healthy populations and in patients with various diseases, but its etiological role has not yet been determined. Using high-throughput unbiased sequencing to screen for viruses in the serum of a patient with persistent high fever who died of suspected viral infection and prolonged weakness, we identified the complete genome sequence of a TTV(isolate Hebei-1). The genome of TTV-Hebei-1 is 3649 bp in length, encoding four putative open reading frames, and it has a G+C content of 49%. Genomic comparison and a BLASTN search revealed that the assembled genome of TTV-Hebei-1 represented a novel isolate, with a genome sequence that was highly heterologous to the sequences of other reported TTV strains. A phylogenetic tree constructed using the complete genome sequence showed that TTV-Hebei-1 and an uncharacterized Taiwan Residents strain, TW53A37, constitute a new TTV genotype. The patient was strongly suspected of carrying a viral infection and died eventually without any other possible causes being apparent. No virus other than the novel TTV was identified in his serum sample. Although a direct causal link between the novel TTV genotype infection and the patient's disease could not be confirmed, the findings suggest that surveillance of this novel TTV genotype is necessary and that its role in disease deserves to be explored.展开更多
Tracking-Learning-Detection( TLD) is an adaptive tracking algorithm,which tracks by learning the appearance of the object as the video progresses and shows a good performance in long-term tracking task.But our experim...Tracking-Learning-Detection( TLD) is an adaptive tracking algorithm,which tracks by learning the appearance of the object as the video progresses and shows a good performance in long-term tracking task.But our experiments show that under some scenarios,such as non-uniform illumination changing,serious occlusion,or motion-blurred,it may fails to track the object. In this paper,to surmount some of these shortages,especially for the non-uniform illumination changing,and give full play to the performance of the tracking-learning-detection framework, we integrate the local binary pattern( LBP) with the cascade classifiers,and define a new classifier named ULBP( Uniform Local Binary Pattern) classifiers. When the object appearance has rich texture features,the ULBP classifier will work instead of the nearest neighbor classifier in TLD algorithm,and a recognition module is designed to choose the suitable classifier between the original nearest neighbor( NN) classifier and the ULBP classifier. To further decrease the computing load of the proposed tracking approach,Kalman filter is applied to predict the searching range of the tracking object.A comprehensive study has been conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm (TLD _ULBP),and different multi-property datasets were used. The quantitative evaluations show a significant improvement over the original TLD,especially in various lighting case.展开更多
Sensing of both temperature and strain is crucial for various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.Here,we present a novel hydrogel-based electronic skin(e-skin)capable of dual-mode sensing of temperature and strain.Th...Sensing of both temperature and strain is crucial for various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.Here,we present a novel hydrogel-based electronic skin(e-skin)capable of dual-mode sensing of temperature and strain.The thermocouple ion selected for this study is the iodine/triiodide(I−/I3−)redox couple,which is a common component in everyday disinfectants.By leveraging the thermoelectric conversion in conjunction with the inherent piezoresistive effect of a gel electrolyte,self-powered sensing is achieved by utilizing the temperature difference between the human body and the external environment.The composite hydrogels synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)monomers using a simple freeze‒thaw method exhibit remarkable flexibility,extensibility,and adaptability to human tissue.The incorporation of zwitterions further augments the resistance of the hydrogel to dehydration and low temperatures,allowing maintenance of more than 90%of its weight after 48 h in the air.Given its robust thermal current response,the hydrogel was encapsulated and then integrated onto various areas of the human body,including the cheeks,fingers,and elbows.Furthermore,the detection of the head-down state and the monitoring of foot movements demonstrate the promising application of the hydrogel in supervising the neck posture of sedentary office workers and the activity status.The successful demonstration of self-powered on-body temperature and strain sensing opens up new possibilities for wearable intelligent electronics and robotics.展开更多
Recently,many efforts have been dedicated to construct artificial catalysts with enzyme-like activity.However,it is still a big challenge to endow artificial catalysts with specific substrate selectivity.In this study...Recently,many efforts have been dedicated to construct artificial catalysts with enzyme-like activity.However,it is still a big challenge to endow artificial catalysts with specific substrate selectivity.In this study,we developed a facile strategy to construct a MIL-53(Fe)-based nanocatalyst with designable selectivity in the degradation of oxytetracycline(OTC).Through the Fe–O–P conjunction,oxytetracycline aptamer(OA)can be easily anchored on MIL-53(Fe)to provide the specific site for OTC binding.We verified that the obtained MIL-53(Fe)-Apt nanocatalyst displayed enhanced catalytic ability in the degradation of OTC,whereas obvious suppression toward other substrate analogues.This performance therefore brings about an anticipated selectivity toward OTC.Moreover,we highlighted that the configuration of aptamers on MIL-53(Fe)can be modulated through varying conjunction mode.Structure–function analysis revealed that aptamer configuration affects the local concentration of substrate around catalytic site,which thus decides the catalytic performance toward OTC.This work presented a facile and promising strategy for developing artificial catalysts with designable selectivity.展开更多
With the development of electronic information science and technology,electromagnetic information security and electromagnetic pollution become more and more serious.Electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)rubber based o...With the development of electronic information science and technology,electromagnetic information security and electromagnetic pollution become more and more serious.Electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)rubber based on the absorbent of carbon with low density and good corrosion resistance is a kind of good EMWA materials for solving electromagnetic information security and electromagnetic pollution.In this article,three-dimensional network structure carbon nanofiber aerogels(3DNSCAs)are prepared by vacuum annealing of three-dimensional network structure agarose/zinc acetate obtained by freeze-drying of agarose/zinc acetate gel.The EMWA rubber composites with 2.2%(in mass)3DNSCAs have almost the same density as silicone rubber(PDMS),and the dispersity of 3DNSCAs in PDMS is studied by rheological analysis.The effective absorption bandwidth(EAB,frequency for reflection loss<–10 dB)of the 2 mm thick PDMS/C-800 is 4 GHz,and the minimum value of reflection loss(RL_(min))is−52 dB with the thickness of 3.5 mm.The PDMS/C-1000 with the thickness of 3.5 mm has an EAB up to 4.8 GHz.Radar cross section(RCS)reduction of PDMS/C-800 can achieve 20 dB⋅m^(2) at the frequency of 6 GHz.展开更多
Dear Editor,The genus Orbivirus,within the family Reoviridae,includes 22 virus species(King et al.,2011).They are distributed globally,but are particularly prevalent in Europe,Asia,and Africa.In addition,they can be t...Dear Editor,The genus Orbivirus,within the family Reoviridae,includes 22 virus species(King et al.,2011).They are distributed globally,but are particularly prevalent in Europe,Asia,and Africa.In addition,they can be transmitted by ticks or other hematophagous insect vectors,including Culicoides,mosquitoes,and sandflies(Belaga-展开更多
To the Editor:Osteoarthritis(OA)is a disease associated with high morbidity and disability.Obesity,typically measured as a body mass index(BMI)≥30 kg/m2,is a well-known risk factor for the onset of OA and its related...To the Editor:Osteoarthritis(OA)is a disease associated with high morbidity and disability.Obesity,typically measured as a body mass index(BMI)≥30 kg/m2,is a well-known risk factor for the onset of OA and its related complications.[1]Interestingly,these two diseases may have common underlying mechanisms which contribute to the pathogenesis,such as genetic changes,and these mechanisms have not yet been fully explored.Gene expression profiling is a powerful tool used to systematically identify the molecular features underlying genetic variations associated with complex multifactorial diseases such as OA.In addition,it has been shown the significance of gene expression in understanding the mechanisms in the pathogenesis of obesity and OA.[2]This study hypothesized that hub genes could explain the relationship between obesity and OA.Consequently,identifying that these genes are involved could provide insights into the detailed regulatory mechanisms of obesity on OA.展开更多
Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating disease with limited treatment options.[1]Autophagy serves as an important protective mechanism against the deterioration of cartilage and is negatively regulated by the mammalian t...Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating disease with limited treatment options.[1]Autophagy serves as an important protective mechanism against the deterioration of cartilage and is negatively regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR).[2]In previous studies,celastrol could promote autophagy in various cell types and had the promising therapeutic potential for OA.[3]However,the effect and underlying mechanisms of celastrol on autophagy in OA remain unclear.Our preliminary study using transcriptome sequencing and a network pharmacology analysis identified mTOR as a potential direct target of celastrol for protection against OA.[4]In this study,we aim to evaluate the effects of celastrol on mTOR activity in primary human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and to determine the mechanism by which it affects autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.展开更多
Chinese sea perch(Lateolabrax Maculatus)is one of the main marine fish culture species in China,its green development has received increasing attention and its ecological economic study is rare.Based on field survey,t...Chinese sea perch(Lateolabrax Maculatus)is one of the main marine fish culture species in China,its green development has received increasing attention and its ecological economic study is rare.Based on field survey,this paper takes water pollution tax of China as conversion indicator for aquaculture eutrophication to simulate aquaculture waste fee for further analyzing the ecological impact of Chinese sea perch’s aquaculture.For data analysis,data envelopment analysis model has been used.The comparison for Chinese sea perch’s economic performance and ecological economic performance under its main aquaculture systems has been done.The results show that:1.The simulated waste fee has no significant impact for the comparison.2.Ranking for ecological economic performance’s ecological economic,technical and scale efficiency is as follow:pond farming,offshore cage culture and cage culture.3.Offshore cage culture is the only system presenting positive increase for ecological economic performance,which makes its aquaculture activity more sustainable than other systems.4.The key point of green development is to maximize the ecological economic efficiency of main aquaculture systems.Thus,offshore cage culture is the most sustainable aquaculture system among China’s current marine fish culture systems,and other systems need innovation for achieving the green development of China’s aquaculture.展开更多
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is an increasing cause of serious infection,both in the community and hospital settings. Despite sophisticated strategies and efforts, the antibiotic options for treat...Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is an increasing cause of serious infection,both in the community and hospital settings. Despite sophisticated strategies and efforts, the antibiotic options for treating MRSA infection are narrowing because of the limited number of newly developed antimicrobials. Here, four newly-isolated MRSA-virulent phages, IME-SA1, IMESA2, IME-SA118 and IME-SA119, were sequenced and analyzed. Their genome termini were identified using our previously proposed "termini analysis theory". We provide evidence that remarkable conserved terminus sequences are found in IME-SA1/2/118/119, and, moreover, are widespread throughout Twortlikevirus Staphylococcus phage G1 and K species. Results also suggested that each phage of the two species has conserved 5′ terminus while the 3′ terminus is variable. More importantly, a variable region with a specific pattern was found to be present near the conserved terminus of Twortlikevirus S. phage G1 species. The clone with the longest variable region had variable terminus lengths in successive generations, while the clones with the shortest variable region and with the average length variable region maintained the same terminal length as themselves during successive generations. IME-SA1 bacterial infection experiments showed that the variation is not derived from adaptation of the phage to different host strains. This is the first study of the conserved terminus and variable region of Twortlikevirus S. phages.展开更多
Dear Editor,Bacteriophages predominate in the biosphere and outnumber their hosts by at least one order of magnitude(Srinivasiah et al.,2008).They have been used for over90 years as an alternative to antibiotics in Ea...Dear Editor,Bacteriophages predominate in the biosphere and outnumber their hosts by at least one order of magnitude(Srinivasiah et al.,2008).They have been used for over90 years as an alternative to antibiotics in Eastern Europe(Deresinski,2009).With the increasing emergence of antibiotic resistance,the therapeutic potential of bacteriophages is being reevaluated(Kutter et al.,2010).Until recently,phages possessing ds DNA genomes have展开更多
Flaviviridae is a family of viruses that mainly spread through arthropod vectors,such as mosquitoes.Major members of the Flaviviridae family include dengue virus(DENV),yellow fever virus,Zika virus(ZIKV),West Nile vir...Flaviviridae is a family of viruses that mainly spread through arthropod vectors,such as mosquitoes.Major members of the Flaviviridae family include dengue virus(DENV),yellow fever virus,Zika virus(ZIKV),West Nile virus and hepatitis C virus(HCV).As Flaviviridae viruses remain a major global public health threat,elucidation of the exact mechanisms of pathogenesis during infection is required for the successful control of these deadly viruses.展开更多
China is the most productive seaweed farming country in the world and her seaweed imports and exports have a significant impact on global seaweed trade commodities and food security.Nevertheless,few studies had delved...China is the most productive seaweed farming country in the world and her seaweed imports and exports have a significant impact on global seaweed trade commodities and food security.Nevertheless,few studies had delved into the main characteristics and development of China’s seaweed farming industry.This paper aims to narrow this research gap by analyzing trade patterns in China’s seaweed products and the international competitiveness of seaweed product by using the international market share index(IMS),the trade competitiveness index(TC),and revealed comparative advantage index(RCA)from 2002 to 2017.The results showed that Japan,the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN),Chile,Peru,and the Republic of Korea are China’s main trade partners,the total trade value of China’s seaweed products has grown rapidly,its imports have gradually exceeded exports,the trade deficit continues to expand,and its competitiveness keeps decreasing.The reasons for this trend may include the changing seaweed trade commodity structure,product differentiation,increased government support in competing countries,and trade barriers among the trade partners.We propose actively expanding international trade markets,establishing a strong seaweed product processing industry to develop high value-added seaweed products,optimizing the trade commodity structure,and differentiating of seaweed products to improve the competitiveness of China’s seaweed products.展开更多
Hypocrellin B (HB) is a highly effective photosensitizer. One of its derivatives, 5_brominated_hypocrellin B (5_Br_HB) has better photosensitive characteristics than it. Using Raman spectroscopy, the microcosmic photo...Hypocrellin B (HB) is a highly effective photosensitizer. One of its derivatives, 5_brominated_hypocrellin B (5_Br_HB) has better photosensitive characteristics than it. Using Raman spectroscopy, the microcosmic photodamage to DNA sensitized by HB and 5_Br_HB was studied at molecular level. The results showed that when HB and 5_Br_HB were added to the solution of DNA and irradiated, the characteristic Raman frequencies and intensities of DNA changed to various degrees. The photodamage occurred on the whole DNA molecule, including phosphate backbone,deoxyribose and four bases. Not only the conformation but also the configuration of DNA was photodamaged: breakage of some H_bonds, disappearance of B_form conformation , scission of double or single strand and serious damage of four bases. The damage to A_T pairs was stronger than that to C_G pairs and DNA became polynucleotides finally. The 5_Br_HB_photosensitized damage to DNA was stronger than HB , which suggested the better photosensitive characteristics of 5_Br_HB in bioactive environment. The molecular mechanisms of photodamage to DNA sensitized by 5_Br_HB and HB were also elucidated.展开更多
Complete skin reconstruction is a hierarchical,physiological assembly process involving healing of the epidermis,dermis,vasculature,nerves,and cutaneous appendages.To date,few works have reported complete skin regener...Complete skin reconstruction is a hierarchical,physiological assembly process involving healing of the epidermis,dermis,vasculature,nerves,and cutaneous appendages.To date,few works have reported complete skin regeneration,particularly lacking vascular structures and hair follicles after full skin defects.In this study,a hydrogel derived from the skin secretion of Andrias davidianus(SSAD)that features adhesiveness was used as a bioactive scaffold to load micronized amnion(MA).The SSAD hydrogel was found to promote the migration and proliferation of amnion stem cells and human keratinocytes,as well as inhibit their apoptosis in vitro.In a rat full-skin defect model,the regeneration of skin appendages was observed at the wound area,achieving scarless healing.Transcriptome analyses further validated that SSAD could positively regulate cell migration,proliferation,and differentiation.These functions might be attributed to the abundant growth factors present in the SSAD.Synergized by the delivery of MA,SSAD loaded with the MA could achieve a significantly better skin regeneration effect than SSAD or MA used alone,providing a simple yet highly effective means to obtain complete,scarless skin regeneration,suggesting favorable potential for clinical translation.展开更多
Surveillance recommendations for gastric cancer(GC)in current guidelines focused on advanced precancerous lesions and were based on precise diagnosis of severity/extent of baseline lesions.We aimed to develop a less e...Surveillance recommendations for gastric cancer(GC)in current guidelines focused on advanced precancerous lesions and were based on precise diagnosis of severity/extent of baseline lesions.We aimed to develop a less endoscopy-related equipment-dependent risk-stratification tool,and assessed whether mild-precursor-lesion patients can be safely exempt from surveillance.In the multicenter communitybased cohort,75,051 participants receiving baseline endoscopy were enrolled during 2015–2017 and followed-up until 2021.Cumulative incidence rates(CIRs)of GC for precancerous-conditions were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-rank tests.Mixedeffects Cox regression models were used to detect potential factors for progression towards GC.A risk score was calculated as counts of selected factors.An independent cohort,including 26,586 participants was used for external validation.During a median follow-up of 6.25 years,CIRs of GC were 0.302%,0.436%,and 4.756%for normal group,non-neoplastic(atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia)and neoplastic lesions(low-grade/high-grade dysplasia),respectively(Ptrend<0.001).Four predictors,including male,≥60 years,smoking,and limited vegetable consumption,were selected for risk-stratification.High-risk patients(≥3 risk factors)with non-neoplastic lesions showed higher GC risks(adjusted HR=7.73,95%CI:4.29–13.92),and their four-year CIR reached the one-year CIR of neoplastic lesions.Further categorizing non-neoplastic lesions by histological grade,both patients with moderate-to-severe lesions(aHR=3.07,95%CI:1.67–5.64)and high-risk patients with mild lesions(aHR=7.29,95%CI:3.58–14.86)showed higher risks.Consistent trends were observed in validation cohort.High-risk mild-precursor-lesion patients should receive surveillance within 3–5 years after baseline screening.Our study provides evidence on supplementing current guideline recommendations.展开更多
基金supported by the Special Fund for Health Research in the Public Interest (No. 201502001)
文摘Objective： Stomach and esophageal cancer are imposing huge threats to the health of Chinese people whereasthere were few studies on the financial burden of the two cancers.Methods： Costs per hospitalization of all patients with stomach or esophageal cancer discharged betweenSeptember 2015 and August 2016 in seven cities/counties in China were collected, together with their demographicinformation and clinical details. Former patients in the same hospitals were sampled to collect information onannual direct non-medical cost, indirect costs and annual number of hospitalization. Annual direct medical cost wasobtained by multiplying cost per hospitalization by annual number of hospitalization. Annual cost of illness （ACI）was obtained by adding the average value of annual direct medical cost, direct non-medical cost and indirect cost,stratified by sex, age, clinical stage, therapy and pathologic type in urban and rural areas. Costs per hospitalizationwere itemized into eight parts to calculate the proportion of each part. All costs were converted to 2016 US dollars（1 USD：6.6423 RMB）.Results： Totally 19,986 cases were included, predominately male. Mean ages of stomach cancer and urbanpatients were lower than that of esophageal cancer and rural patients. ACI of stomach and esophageal cancerpatients were $10,449 and $13,029 in urban areas, and $2,927 and $3,504 in rural areas, respectively. Greater ACIwas associated with male, non-elderly patients as well as those who were in stage I and underwent surgeries.Western medicine fee took the largest proportion of cost per hospitalization.Conclusions： The ACI of stomach and esophageal cancer was tremendous and varied substantially among thepopulation in China. Preferential policies of medical insurance should be designed to tackle with this burden andfurther reduce the health care inequalities.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81072350)the National Hi-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (No. 2012AA022-003)+2 种基金the China Mega-Project on Major Drug Development (No. 2011ZX09401-023)the China Mega-Project on Infectious Disease Prevention (No. 2013ZX10004-605, No. 2013ZX10004-607, No. 2013ZX10004-217, and No. 2011ZX10004-001) the State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and BioSecurity Program (No. SKLPBS1113)
文摘Torque teno virus(TTV) has been found to be prevalent world-wide in healthy populations and in patients with various diseases, but its etiological role has not yet been determined. Using high-throughput unbiased sequencing to screen for viruses in the serum of a patient with persistent high fever who died of suspected viral infection and prolonged weakness, we identified the complete genome sequence of a TTV(isolate Hebei-1). The genome of TTV-Hebei-1 is 3649 bp in length, encoding four putative open reading frames, and it has a G+C content of 49%. Genomic comparison and a BLASTN search revealed that the assembled genome of TTV-Hebei-1 represented a novel isolate, with a genome sequence that was highly heterologous to the sequences of other reported TTV strains. A phylogenetic tree constructed using the complete genome sequence showed that TTV-Hebei-1 and an uncharacterized Taiwan Residents strain, TW53A37, constitute a new TTV genotype. The patient was strongly suspected of carrying a viral infection and died eventually without any other possible causes being apparent. No virus other than the novel TTV was identified in his serum sample. Although a direct causal link between the novel TTV genotype infection and the patient's disease could not be confirmed, the findings suggest that surveillance of this novel TTV genotype is necessary and that its role in disease deserves to be explored.
基金Sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61573057)the National Science and Technology Supporting Project(Grant No.2015BAF08B01)
文摘Tracking-Learning-Detection( TLD) is an adaptive tracking algorithm,which tracks by learning the appearance of the object as the video progresses and shows a good performance in long-term tracking task.But our experiments show that under some scenarios,such as non-uniform illumination changing,serious occlusion,or motion-blurred,it may fails to track the object. In this paper,to surmount some of these shortages,especially for the non-uniform illumination changing,and give full play to the performance of the tracking-learning-detection framework, we integrate the local binary pattern( LBP) with the cascade classifiers,and define a new classifier named ULBP( Uniform Local Binary Pattern) classifiers. When the object appearance has rich texture features,the ULBP classifier will work instead of the nearest neighbor classifier in TLD algorithm,and a recognition module is designed to choose the suitable classifier between the original nearest neighbor( NN) classifier and the ULBP classifier. To further decrease the computing load of the proposed tracking approach,Kalman filter is applied to predict the searching range of the tracking object.A comprehensive study has been conducted to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm (TLD _ULBP),and different multi-property datasets were used. The quantitative evaluations show a significant improvement over the original TLD,especially in various lighting case.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(20210302123190)the Special Project of Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchange of Shanxi Province(202104041101031).
文摘Sensing of both temperature and strain is crucial for various diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.Here,we present a novel hydrogel-based electronic skin(e-skin)capable of dual-mode sensing of temperature and strain.The thermocouple ion selected for this study is the iodine/triiodide(I−/I3−)redox couple,which is a common component in everyday disinfectants.By leveraging the thermoelectric conversion in conjunction with the inherent piezoresistive effect of a gel electrolyte,self-powered sensing is achieved by utilizing the temperature difference between the human body and the external environment.The composite hydrogels synthesized from polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)monomers using a simple freeze‒thaw method exhibit remarkable flexibility,extensibility,and adaptability to human tissue.The incorporation of zwitterions further augments the resistance of the hydrogel to dehydration and low temperatures,allowing maintenance of more than 90%of its weight after 48 h in the air.Given its robust thermal current response,the hydrogel was encapsulated and then integrated onto various areas of the human body,including the cheeks,fingers,and elbows.Furthermore,the detection of the head-down state and the monitoring of foot movements demonstrate the promising application of the hydrogel in supervising the neck posture of sedentary office workers and the activity status.The successful demonstration of self-powered on-body temperature and strain sensing opens up new possibilities for wearable intelligent electronics and robotics.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22178260 and 21676191).
文摘Recently,many efforts have been dedicated to construct artificial catalysts with enzyme-like activity.However,it is still a big challenge to endow artificial catalysts with specific substrate selectivity.In this study,we developed a facile strategy to construct a MIL-53(Fe)-based nanocatalyst with designable selectivity in the degradation of oxytetracycline(OTC).Through the Fe–O–P conjunction,oxytetracycline aptamer(OA)can be easily anchored on MIL-53(Fe)to provide the specific site for OTC binding.We verified that the obtained MIL-53(Fe)-Apt nanocatalyst displayed enhanced catalytic ability in the degradation of OTC,whereas obvious suppression toward other substrate analogues.This performance therefore brings about an anticipated selectivity toward OTC.Moreover,we highlighted that the configuration of aptamers on MIL-53(Fe)can be modulated through varying conjunction mode.Structure–function analysis revealed that aptamer configuration affects the local concentration of substrate around catalytic site,which thus decides the catalytic performance toward OTC.This work presented a facile and promising strategy for developing artificial catalysts with designable selectivity.
基金This work was supported by Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering(2022SX-TD022)the Key Scientific Research Project in Shanxi Province(202201090301014)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(202103021224448)the Fund for Shanxi“1331 Project”.
文摘With the development of electronic information science and technology,electromagnetic information security and electromagnetic pollution become more and more serious.Electromagnetic wave absorption(EMWA)rubber based on the absorbent of carbon with low density and good corrosion resistance is a kind of good EMWA materials for solving electromagnetic information security and electromagnetic pollution.In this article,three-dimensional network structure carbon nanofiber aerogels(3DNSCAs)are prepared by vacuum annealing of three-dimensional network structure agarose/zinc acetate obtained by freeze-drying of agarose/zinc acetate gel.The EMWA rubber composites with 2.2%(in mass)3DNSCAs have almost the same density as silicone rubber(PDMS),and the dispersity of 3DNSCAs in PDMS is studied by rheological analysis.The effective absorption bandwidth(EAB,frequency for reflection loss<–10 dB)of the 2 mm thick PDMS/C-800 is 4 GHz,and the minimum value of reflection loss(RL_(min))is−52 dB with the thickness of 3.5 mm.The PDMS/C-1000 with the thickness of 3.5 mm has an EAB up to 4.8 GHz.Radar cross section(RCS)reduction of PDMS/C-800 can achieve 20 dB⋅m^(2) at the frequency of 6 GHz.
基金supported by a grant from the China MegaProject on Infectious Disease Prevention(grant numbers 2013ZX10004-605,2013ZX10004-607,2013ZX10004-217,and 2011ZX10004-001)the National Hi-Tech Research and Development(863)Program of China(grant numbers 2014AA020108,2012AA022-003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 81273138,81572045)
文摘Dear Editor,The genus Orbivirus,within the family Reoviridae,includes 22 virus species(King et al.,2011).They are distributed globally,but are particularly prevalent in Europe,Asia,and Africa.In addition,they can be transmitted by ticks or other hematophagous insect vectors,including Culicoides,mosquitoes,and sandflies(Belaga-
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81771749 and 81901638)Harbin Technology Bureau Research Fund(No.2017RAQXJ196)Scientific Research Innovation Foundation of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University(No.2019B18)。
文摘To the Editor:Osteoarthritis(OA)is a disease associated with high morbidity and disability.Obesity,typically measured as a body mass index(BMI)≥30 kg/m2,is a well-known risk factor for the onset of OA and its related complications.[1]Interestingly,these two diseases may have common underlying mechanisms which contribute to the pathogenesis,such as genetic changes,and these mechanisms have not yet been fully explored.Gene expression profiling is a powerful tool used to systematically identify the molecular features underlying genetic variations associated with complex multifactorial diseases such as OA.In addition,it has been shown the significance of gene expression in understanding the mechanisms in the pathogenesis of obesity and OA.[2]This study hypothesized that hub genes could explain the relationship between obesity and OA.Consequently,identifying that these genes are involved could provide insights into the detailed regulatory mechanisms of obesity on OA.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81771749 and No.81771748)。
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating disease with limited treatment options.[1]Autophagy serves as an important protective mechanism against the deterioration of cartilage and is negatively regulated by the mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR).[2]In previous studies,celastrol could promote autophagy in various cell types and had the promising therapeutic potential for OA.[3]However,the effect and underlying mechanisms of celastrol on autophagy in OA remain unclear.Our preliminary study using transcriptome sequencing and a network pharmacology analysis identified mTOR as a potential direct target of celastrol for protection against OA.[4]In this study,we aim to evaluate the effects of celastrol on mTOR activity in primary human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and to determine the mechanism by which it affects autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress.
文摘Chinese sea perch(Lateolabrax Maculatus)is one of the main marine fish culture species in China,its green development has received increasing attention and its ecological economic study is rare.Based on field survey,this paper takes water pollution tax of China as conversion indicator for aquaculture eutrophication to simulate aquaculture waste fee for further analyzing the ecological impact of Chinese sea perch’s aquaculture.For data analysis,data envelopment analysis model has been used.The comparison for Chinese sea perch’s economic performance and ecological economic performance under its main aquaculture systems has been done.The results show that:1.The simulated waste fee has no significant impact for the comparison.2.Ranking for ecological economic performance’s ecological economic,technical and scale efficiency is as follow:pond farming,offshore cage culture and cage culture.3.Offshore cage culture is the only system presenting positive increase for ecological economic performance,which makes its aquaculture activity more sustainable than other systems.4.The key point of green development is to maximize the ecological economic efficiency of main aquaculture systems.Thus,offshore cage culture is the most sustainable aquaculture system among China’s current marine fish culture systems,and other systems need innovation for achieving the green development of China’s aquaculture.
基金supported by grants from the China Mega-Project on Infectious Disease Prevention (No. 2013ZX10004-605, No. 2013ZX10004-607, No. 2013ZX10004-217, and No. 2011ZX10004-001)the National Hi-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (No. 2014AA021402, 2012AA022-003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81572045)
文摘Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is an increasing cause of serious infection,both in the community and hospital settings. Despite sophisticated strategies and efforts, the antibiotic options for treating MRSA infection are narrowing because of the limited number of newly developed antimicrobials. Here, four newly-isolated MRSA-virulent phages, IME-SA1, IMESA2, IME-SA118 and IME-SA119, were sequenced and analyzed. Their genome termini were identified using our previously proposed "termini analysis theory". We provide evidence that remarkable conserved terminus sequences are found in IME-SA1/2/118/119, and, moreover, are widespread throughout Twortlikevirus Staphylococcus phage G1 and K species. Results also suggested that each phage of the two species has conserved 5′ terminus while the 3′ terminus is variable. More importantly, a variable region with a specific pattern was found to be present near the conserved terminus of Twortlikevirus S. phage G1 species. The clone with the longest variable region had variable terminus lengths in successive generations, while the clones with the shortest variable region and with the average length variable region maintained the same terminal length as themselves during successive generations. IME-SA1 bacterial infection experiments showed that the variation is not derived from adaptation of the phage to different host strains. This is the first study of the conserved terminus and variable region of Twortlikevirus S. phages.
基金supported by a grant from the National Hi-Tech Research and Development(863)Program of China(No.2012AA022003 and No.2014AA021402)the China Mega-Project on Infectious Disease Prevention(No.2013ZX10004605,No.2011ZX10004001,No.2013ZX10004607-004 and No.2013ZX10004217-002-003)the State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Bio Security Program(No.SKLPBS1113)
文摘Dear Editor,Bacteriophages predominate in the biosphere and outnumber their hosts by at least one order of magnitude(Srinivasiah et al.,2008).They have been used for over90 years as an alternative to antibiotics in Eastern Europe(Deresinski,2009).With the increasing emergence of antibiotic resistance,the therapeutic potential of bacteriophages is being reevaluated(Kutter et al.,2010).Until recently,phages possessing ds DNA genomes have
基金GZ is supported by a National Key R&D Program of China Grant(2016YFE0106900)NSFC grants(81622029,31670879 and 81361120379)+1 种基金a Guangdong Natural Science Foundation Grant(2015A030306028)a Guangzhou Commission for Science and Technology Innovation Grant(201506010034).
文摘Flaviviridae is a family of viruses that mainly spread through arthropod vectors,such as mosquitoes.Major members of the Flaviviridae family include dengue virus(DENV),yellow fever virus,Zika virus(ZIKV),West Nile virus and hepatitis C virus(HCV).As Flaviviridae viruses remain a major global public health threat,elucidation of the exact mechanisms of pathogenesis during infection is required for the successful control of these deadly viruses.
基金Thanks to the financial support of the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-47-G29).
文摘China is the most productive seaweed farming country in the world and her seaweed imports and exports have a significant impact on global seaweed trade commodities and food security.Nevertheless,few studies had delved into the main characteristics and development of China’s seaweed farming industry.This paper aims to narrow this research gap by analyzing trade patterns in China’s seaweed products and the international competitiveness of seaweed product by using the international market share index(IMS),the trade competitiveness index(TC),and revealed comparative advantage index(RCA)from 2002 to 2017.The results showed that Japan,the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN),Chile,Peru,and the Republic of Korea are China’s main trade partners,the total trade value of China’s seaweed products has grown rapidly,its imports have gradually exceeded exports,the trade deficit continues to expand,and its competitiveness keeps decreasing.The reasons for this trend may include the changing seaweed trade commodity structure,product differentiation,increased government support in competing countries,and trade barriers among the trade partners.We propose actively expanding international trade markets,establishing a strong seaweed product processing industry to develop high value-added seaweed products,optimizing the trade commodity structure,and differentiating of seaweed products to improve the competitiveness of China’s seaweed products.
文摘Hypocrellin B (HB) is a highly effective photosensitizer. One of its derivatives, 5_brominated_hypocrellin B (5_Br_HB) has better photosensitive characteristics than it. Using Raman spectroscopy, the microcosmic photodamage to DNA sensitized by HB and 5_Br_HB was studied at molecular level. The results showed that when HB and 5_Br_HB were added to the solution of DNA and irradiated, the characteristic Raman frequencies and intensities of DNA changed to various degrees. The photodamage occurred on the whole DNA molecule, including phosphate backbone,deoxyribose and four bases. Not only the conformation but also the configuration of DNA was photodamaged: breakage of some H_bonds, disappearance of B_form conformation , scission of double or single strand and serious damage of four bases. The damage to A_T pairs was stronger than that to C_G pairs and DNA became polynucleotides finally. The 5_Br_HB_photosensitized damage to DNA was stronger than HB , which suggested the better photosensitive characteristics of 5_Br_HB in bioactive environment. The molecular mechanisms of photodamage to DNA sensitized by 5_Br_HB and HB were also elucidated.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:32070826,31871464Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission,Grant/Award Number:KJQN202200471+5 种基金Chongqing Science and Health Joint Medical,Grant/Award Number:2020GDRC017CQMU Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine,Grant/Award Number:W0075Senior Medical Talents Program of ChongqingKey Research Cultivating Project of Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Grant/Award Number:PYZD201603Program for Innovation Team Building at Institutions of Higher Education in Chongqing in 2016,Grant/Award Number:CXTDG201602006Brigham Research Institute。
文摘Complete skin reconstruction is a hierarchical,physiological assembly process involving healing of the epidermis,dermis,vasculature,nerves,and cutaneous appendages.To date,few works have reported complete skin regeneration,particularly lacking vascular structures and hair follicles after full skin defects.In this study,a hydrogel derived from the skin secretion of Andrias davidianus(SSAD)that features adhesiveness was used as a bioactive scaffold to load micronized amnion(MA).The SSAD hydrogel was found to promote the migration and proliferation of amnion stem cells and human keratinocytes,as well as inhibit their apoptosis in vitro.In a rat full-skin defect model,the regeneration of skin appendages was observed at the wound area,achieving scarless healing.Transcriptome analyses further validated that SSAD could positively regulate cell migration,proliferation,and differentiation.These functions might be attributed to the abundant growth factors present in the SSAD.Synergized by the delivery of MA,SSAD loaded with the MA could achieve a significantly better skin regeneration effect than SSAD or MA used alone,providing a simple yet highly effective means to obtain complete,scarless skin regeneration,suggesting favorable potential for clinical translation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82273721)Special Project of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation(J200017)Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(SZSM201911015).
文摘Surveillance recommendations for gastric cancer(GC)in current guidelines focused on advanced precancerous lesions and were based on precise diagnosis of severity/extent of baseline lesions.We aimed to develop a less endoscopy-related equipment-dependent risk-stratification tool,and assessed whether mild-precursor-lesion patients can be safely exempt from surveillance.In the multicenter communitybased cohort,75,051 participants receiving baseline endoscopy were enrolled during 2015–2017 and followed-up until 2021.Cumulative incidence rates(CIRs)of GC for precancerous-conditions were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Log-rank tests.Mixedeffects Cox regression models were used to detect potential factors for progression towards GC.A risk score was calculated as counts of selected factors.An independent cohort,including 26,586 participants was used for external validation.During a median follow-up of 6.25 years,CIRs of GC were 0.302%,0.436%,and 4.756%for normal group,non-neoplastic(atrophic gastritis/intestinal metaplasia)and neoplastic lesions(low-grade/high-grade dysplasia),respectively(Ptrend<0.001).Four predictors,including male,≥60 years,smoking,and limited vegetable consumption,were selected for risk-stratification.High-risk patients(≥3 risk factors)with non-neoplastic lesions showed higher GC risks(adjusted HR=7.73,95%CI:4.29–13.92),and their four-year CIR reached the one-year CIR of neoplastic lesions.Further categorizing non-neoplastic lesions by histological grade,both patients with moderate-to-severe lesions(aHR=3.07,95%CI:1.67–5.64)and high-risk patients with mild lesions(aHR=7.29,95%CI:3.58–14.86)showed higher risks.Consistent trends were observed in validation cohort.High-risk mild-precursor-lesion patients should receive surveillance within 3–5 years after baseline screening.Our study provides evidence on supplementing current guideline recommendations.
