Human pose estimation is a critical research area in the field of computer vision,playing a significant role in applications such as human-computer interaction,behavior analysis,and action recognition.In this paper,we...Human pose estimation is a critical research area in the field of computer vision,playing a significant role in applications such as human-computer interaction,behavior analysis,and action recognition.In this paper,we propose a U-shaped keypoint detection network(DAUNet)based on an improved ResNet subsampling structure and spatial grouping mechanism.This network addresses key challenges in traditional methods,such as information loss,large network redundancy,and insufficient sensitivity to low-resolution features.DAUNet is composed of three main components.First,we introduce an improved BottleNeck block that employs partial convolution and strip pooling to reduce computational load and mitigate feature loss.Second,after upsampling,the network eliminates redundant features,improving the overall efficiency.Finally,a lightweight spatial grouping attention mechanism is applied to enhance low-resolution semantic features within the feature map,allowing for better restoration of the original image size and higher accuracy.Experimental results demonstrate that DAUNet achieves superior accuracy compared to most existing keypoint detection models,with a mean PCKh@0.5 score of 91.6%on the MPII dataset and an AP of 76.1%on the COCO dataset.Moreover,real-world experiments further validate the robustness and generalizability of DAUNet for detecting human bodies in unknown environments,highlighting its potential for broader applications.展开更多
Microstructures and phase compositions of as-cast and extruded ZK60-xBi(x=0-1.64)alloys were investigated.Meanwhile,the tensile mechanical property and hardness were tested.With increasing the Bi content,the as-cast m...Microstructures and phase compositions of as-cast and extruded ZK60-xBi(x=0-1.64)alloys were investigated.Meanwhile,the tensile mechanical property and hardness were tested.With increasing the Bi content,the as-cast microstructure is first refined obviously,and then becomes coarse slightly.New small block compound which is rich in Zr,Zn,Bi and poor in Mg increases gradually,and MgZn_(2) phase decreases gradually.The second phase mainly precipitates along the grain boundary.The as-cast tensile mechanical property is first enhanced obviously,where the tensile strengthσb,yield strengthσ0.2 and elongationδcan reach 265 MPa,151 MPa and 13.5%for ZK60-0.23Bi alloy,respectively,then remains the high value for ZK60-(0.37-1.09)Bi alloys,and finally decreases obviously for ZK60-1.64Bi alloy.After hot extrusion,the obvious dynamic recrystallization occurs.Broken block compound distributes along the extrusion direction by zonal shape.The average grain size can reach only 4-6μm.The extruded tensile mechanical property is enhanced significantly,where σ_(b),σ_(0.2) and δ are at the range of 345-360 MPa,285-300 MPa and 15.5-19.5%,respectively.Extruded tensile fracture exhibits a typical character of ductile fracture.展开更多
The Sun’s tenuous outer atmosphere,the corona,emits only about one-millionth as much light as the solar surface.In ancient times the corona was observed by human beings only during total solar eclipses,when the stron...The Sun’s tenuous outer atmosphere,the corona,emits only about one-millionth as much light as the solar surface.In ancient times the corona was observed by human beings only during total solar eclipses,when the strong emission of visible light from the photosphere was completely blocked by the Moon.In 1931,展开更多
Tramadol is a potent analgesic.However,the analgesia efficacy of tramadol,particularly its minimum effective dose(MED),is not clear.The aim of this study is to find MED of tramadol for postoperative analgesia in infan...Tramadol is a potent analgesic.However,the analgesia efficacy of tramadol,particularly its minimum effective dose(MED),is not clear.The aim of this study is to find MED of tramadol for postoperative analgesia in infants.The continual reassessment method(CRM)was performed to find MED.Infants undergoing surgeries were included in the 3 phases of this series.In each phase,24 participants were allocated a different tramadol dose.Pain intensity was measured by face,legs,activity,cry,consolability(FLACC)measurement at 3-hour intervals.Tramadol was considered ineffective if the FLACC score was higher than 4 in 10 at anytime.In phase 1,seven dose levels were used within the range 0.1-0.4 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1).Phase 1 was insufficient to identify the MED,and we increased the dose to 0.4-0.8 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1) in phase 2.Phase 2 was insufficient to identify the MED.In phase 3,local anesthetic wound infiltration was introduced,and the tramadol dose levels tested were the same as in phase 1.The successful analgesia probability of tramadol 0.4 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1) was 82.1%(95%CI,0.742-0.925)in phase 1.In phase 2,it was 84.7%(95%CI,0.789-0.991)with the dose 0.8 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1).Phase 1 and phase 2 were insufficient to identify the MED.In phase 3,the successful analgesia probability for dose 0.35 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1) was 96.7%(95%CI,0.853-0.997).We have demonstrated that tramadol provides insufficient analgesia for surgeries considered to cause moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in infants if used as the sole analgesic,and that local anesthetic wound infiltration enhances the efficacy of tramadol.展开更多
This study investigated the optimal process of solid-state fermentation(SSF)using soybean meal(SBM)as substrate by Aspergillus oryzae and proteolysis of SBM to prepare SBM-derived peptide(SBMP)for chelating with Cu(Ⅱ...This study investigated the optimal process of solid-state fermentation(SSF)using soybean meal(SBM)as substrate by Aspergillus oryzae and proteolysis of SBM to prepare SBM-derived peptide(SBMP)for chelating with Cu(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ).During the SSF of SBM,the alkaline protease activity of A.oryzae was higher than that of two other fungi,reaching maximum activity(574 U/g)at the fermentation time of 86 h,43%inoculation ratio,and liq-uid-substrate(I/S)ratio of 0.8.The SBMP yield reached a maximum value at 55℃ for 6 h hydrolysis according to the analysis of the degree of hydrolysis(DH)and total Kjeldahl nitrogen(TKN)content in hydrolysates.After ultrafiltration,the SBMP of 1-5 kDa had the best ability to chelate with Cu(Ⅱ)and Zn(Ⅱ).Moreover,the SBMP displayed a higher capacity to chelate with Zn(Ⅱ)(222.7 mg/g)than Cu(Ⅱ)(68.3 mg/g)under optimal condi-tions.Aspartic acid,glutamic acid,lysine,arginine and histidine in SBMP played a critical role at the chelating Cu(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ).UV and FTIR spectrum analysis revealed that the-COOH and-NH_(2) in SBMP were the main bioactive groups for chelating with Cu(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ).SEM showed that the surface of SBMP-Cu(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ)chelate was rough and formed spherical aggregates.These results indicated that combining SSF and proteolysis exhibited great potential for preparing SBMP-metal chelates for developing organometallic supplements.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China under grant number 2022CFB536the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number 62367006the 15th Graduate Education Innovation Fund of Wuhan Institute of Technology under grant number CX2023579.
文摘Human pose estimation is a critical research area in the field of computer vision,playing a significant role in applications such as human-computer interaction,behavior analysis,and action recognition.In this paper,we propose a U-shaped keypoint detection network(DAUNet)based on an improved ResNet subsampling structure and spatial grouping mechanism.This network addresses key challenges in traditional methods,such as information loss,large network redundancy,and insufficient sensitivity to low-resolution features.DAUNet is composed of three main components.First,we introduce an improved BottleNeck block that employs partial convolution and strip pooling to reduce computational load and mitigate feature loss.Second,after upsampling,the network eliminates redundant features,improving the overall efficiency.Finally,a lightweight spatial grouping attention mechanism is applied to enhance low-resolution semantic features within the feature map,allowing for better restoration of the original image size and higher accuracy.Experimental results demonstrate that DAUNet achieves superior accuracy compared to most existing keypoint detection models,with a mean PCKh@0.5 score of 91.6%on the MPII dataset and an AP of 76.1%on the COCO dataset.Moreover,real-world experiments further validate the robustness and generalizability of DAUNet for detecting human bodies in unknown environments,highlighting its potential for broader applications.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge theMajor Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2010A090200078 and 2011A080403008)for financial supports。
文摘Microstructures and phase compositions of as-cast and extruded ZK60-xBi(x=0-1.64)alloys were investigated.Meanwhile,the tensile mechanical property and hardness were tested.With increasing the Bi content,the as-cast microstructure is first refined obviously,and then becomes coarse slightly.New small block compound which is rich in Zr,Zn,Bi and poor in Mg increases gradually,and MgZn_(2) phase decreases gradually.The second phase mainly precipitates along the grain boundary.The as-cast tensile mechanical property is first enhanced obviously,where the tensile strengthσb,yield strengthσ0.2 and elongationδcan reach 265 MPa,151 MPa and 13.5%for ZK60-0.23Bi alloy,respectively,then remains the high value for ZK60-(0.37-1.09)Bi alloys,and finally decreases obviously for ZK60-1.64Bi alloy.After hot extrusion,the obvious dynamic recrystallization occurs.Broken block compound distributes along the extrusion direction by zonal shape.The average grain size can reach only 4-6μm.The extruded tensile mechanical property is enhanced significantly,where σ_(b),σ_(0.2) and δ are at the range of 345-360 MPa,285-300 MPa and 15.5-19.5%,respectively.Extruded tensile fracture exhibits a typical character of ductile fracture.
基金supported by NSFC grants 11373065,11527804,41231069 and 41574166the Recruitment Program of Global Experts of Chinathe Max Planck Partner Group program
文摘The Sun’s tenuous outer atmosphere,the corona,emits only about one-millionth as much light as the solar surface.In ancient times the corona was observed by human beings only during total solar eclipses,when the strong emission of visible light from the photosphere was completely blocked by the Moon.In 1931,
文摘Tramadol is a potent analgesic.However,the analgesia efficacy of tramadol,particularly its minimum effective dose(MED),is not clear.The aim of this study is to find MED of tramadol for postoperative analgesia in infants.The continual reassessment method(CRM)was performed to find MED.Infants undergoing surgeries were included in the 3 phases of this series.In each phase,24 participants were allocated a different tramadol dose.Pain intensity was measured by face,legs,activity,cry,consolability(FLACC)measurement at 3-hour intervals.Tramadol was considered ineffective if the FLACC score was higher than 4 in 10 at anytime.In phase 1,seven dose levels were used within the range 0.1-0.4 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1).Phase 1 was insufficient to identify the MED,and we increased the dose to 0.4-0.8 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1) in phase 2.Phase 2 was insufficient to identify the MED.In phase 3,local anesthetic wound infiltration was introduced,and the tramadol dose levels tested were the same as in phase 1.The successful analgesia probability of tramadol 0.4 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1) was 82.1%(95%CI,0.742-0.925)in phase 1.In phase 2,it was 84.7%(95%CI,0.789-0.991)with the dose 0.8 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1).Phase 1 and phase 2 were insufficient to identify the MED.In phase 3,the successful analgesia probability for dose 0.35 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1) was 96.7%(95%CI,0.853-0.997).We have demonstrated that tramadol provides insufficient analgesia for surgeries considered to cause moderate-to-severe postoperative pain in infants if used as the sole analgesic,and that local anesthetic wound infiltration enhances the efficacy of tramadol.
基金supported by the research project of State Key Labo-ratory of Food Science and Technology(Project No.SKLF-ZZB-202122)in Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China(22166026,21466022,and 21878139)in ChinaDaily Postdoctoral Support of Jiangxi Province(2020RC08)in China.
文摘This study investigated the optimal process of solid-state fermentation(SSF)using soybean meal(SBM)as substrate by Aspergillus oryzae and proteolysis of SBM to prepare SBM-derived peptide(SBMP)for chelating with Cu(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ).During the SSF of SBM,the alkaline protease activity of A.oryzae was higher than that of two other fungi,reaching maximum activity(574 U/g)at the fermentation time of 86 h,43%inoculation ratio,and liq-uid-substrate(I/S)ratio of 0.8.The SBMP yield reached a maximum value at 55℃ for 6 h hydrolysis according to the analysis of the degree of hydrolysis(DH)and total Kjeldahl nitrogen(TKN)content in hydrolysates.After ultrafiltration,the SBMP of 1-5 kDa had the best ability to chelate with Cu(Ⅱ)and Zn(Ⅱ).Moreover,the SBMP displayed a higher capacity to chelate with Zn(Ⅱ)(222.7 mg/g)than Cu(Ⅱ)(68.3 mg/g)under optimal condi-tions.Aspartic acid,glutamic acid,lysine,arginine and histidine in SBMP played a critical role at the chelating Cu(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ).UV and FTIR spectrum analysis revealed that the-COOH and-NH_(2) in SBMP were the main bioactive groups for chelating with Cu(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ).SEM showed that the surface of SBMP-Cu(Ⅱ)/Zn(Ⅱ)chelate was rough and formed spherical aggregates.These results indicated that combining SSF and proteolysis exhibited great potential for preparing SBMP-metal chelates for developing organometallic supplements.
