Objective To study the differences of cardiovascular system between men and women in response to exercise stress. Methods Forty healthy youth were tested according to Bruce protocol of exercise stress. They were detec...Objective To study the differences of cardiovascular system between men and women in response to exercise stress. Methods Forty healthy youth were tested according to Bruce protocol of exercise stress. They were detected by ultrasonography during the rest, peak exercise, and recovery stages, respectively. The left ventricular diastolic elastance(Ed), effective arterial elastance(Ea), left ventricular end-systolic elatance(Ees), ventricular-vascular coupling index(VVI), and total stiffness index(TSI) were measured and calculated according to the formulas. The results of all stages were compared according to genders. Results All stages, the Ed, TSI, and VVI of women were higher than those of men, but the Ees was lower than that of men(all P<0.05); there was no significant difference in Ea between men and women. The Ed, Ees, Ea, and TSI were closely related with left ventricular oxygen consumption and heart function, and women showed more closely. Before and after exercise, the changes were different in Ed, Ees, Ea, TSI, and VVI(all P<0.05), and VVI changed least. Conclusions Before and after exercise, the ventricular stiffness matched well with arterial stiffness and maintained within a narrow range. For women, the tolerance of exercise was lower than that of men.展开更多
BACKGROUND Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)is a new type of extracorporeal respiratory and circulatory assistance device.It can drain venous blood out of the body and inject it into veins or arteries after be...BACKGROUND Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)is a new type of extracorporeal respiratory and circulatory assistance device.It can drain venous blood out of the body and inject it into veins or arteries after being oxygenated by an oxygenator(membrane lung)to replace lung and heart functions in a short time.ECMO can provide tissue blood perfusion and gas exchange almost equivalent to cardiac output and extend the effective treatment time window for patients with acute circulatory failure to restore cardiopulmonary function.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of an 81-year-old woman who underwent whole cerebral angiography,basilar artery thrombectomy and stent thrombectomy in the posterior artery of the left brain after implantation of ECMO.The patient was admitted to the hospital due to myocardial infarction.Considering that the cause of the patient’s disturbance of consciousness was unknown and cerebrovascular accident could not be ruled out after the implantation of ECMO,the department of Radioactive Intervention performed cerebral angiography.And the result of the angiography indicated vascular occlusion.After the basilar artery thrombectomy and stent thrombectomy in the posterior artery of the left brain,the patency of the occlusive vessel was achieved.CONCLUSION Although the patient eventually died of circulatory failure,the result of this case verifies the feasibility of cerebral angiography and thrombectomy in patients with implanted ECMO in the intubated state.展开更多
Renal transplant （RT） recipients have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of renal transplantation on the development of arteriosclerosis have been controversial. The carotid inti...Renal transplant （RT） recipients have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of renal transplantation on the development of arteriosclerosis have been controversial. The carotid intima-media thickness （CIMT） and diameter （CD） are important indicators of vascular remodeling and arteriosclerosis. In this study, 31 patients with hemodialysis （HD）, 31 RT recipients and 84 age- and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled. Their CIMT and CD were measured by ultrasonic radiofrequency tracking, and the linear regression models and Z test were used to identify the progression of arteriosclerosis and the risk factors. Compared with HD group, RT group had significantly lower CIMT and CD. CIMT was found to be associated with age, body weight, resistance index and diastolic velocity, while CD was associated significantly with age, body weight, pulsatility index, end diastolic velocity and diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, respectively. The correlation curves between CIMT and age showed the slopes of curves were decreased successively in control, RT and HD groups, and the curves between CD and age showed the slopes were decreased in order of RT 〉 control 〉 HD groups. It was concluded that CIMT and CD were significantly correlated with age in RT and moderately with age in HD patients. RT could reduce the progress of arteriosclerosis in patients with end-stage renal disease.展开更多
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is a new form of ultrasound(US)that can dynamically display microvessels in a highly sensitive manner.The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of CEUS for characteriz...Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is a new form of ultrasound(US)that can dynamically display microvessels in a highly sensitive manner.The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of CEUS for characterizing testicular lesions in comparison with conventional US.Forty-seven patients with testicular lesions were enrolled.The histopathology results revealed that 31 cases were neoplastic(11 cases of seminomas,8 nonseminomatous germ cell tumors,8 lymphomas,2 Leydig cell tumors,and 2 nonspecific tumors),and 16 cases were nonneoplastic(8 cases of infarctions,3 epidermoid cysts,and 5 inflammation).The indicators of shallow lobulated morphology and cystic-solid echogenicity on conventional US were suggestive of germ cell tumors.More indicators on CEUS were found to be useful for characterizing testicular lesions.All the neoplastic lesions showed hyperenhancement on CEUS.Moreover,germ cell tumors presented with heterogeneous enhancement(73.7%,14/19),a twisted blood vessel pattern,rapid wash-in and wash-out,and peripheral rim hyperenhancement signs.Lymphoma was characterized by nonbranching linear vessel patterns(87.5%,7/8),rapid wash-in and slow wash-out.In nonneoplastic lesions,infarction and epidermoid cysts showed no enhancement,and abscesses were observed with marginal irregular enhancement.The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of CEUS for differentiating between neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions were 100%,93.8%,and 97.9%,respectively,and these values were higher than those for conventional US(90.3%,62.5%,and 80.9%,respectively).CEUS can sensitively reflect the microvascular perfusion in testicular lesions and offers high accuracy for characterizing them.展开更多
Background:With the closure of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003 the hydrology of Poyang Lake was altered dramatically leading to significant changes in the environment.In order to assess the impact on schistosomiasis this...Background:With the closure of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003 the hydrology of Poyang Lake was altered dramatically leading to significant changes in the environment.In order to assess the impact on schistosomiasis this study assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of the snail intermediate host,Oncomelania hupensis in the Poyang Lake tributaries.The results of the study have important implications for future snail control strategies leading to disease elimination.Methods:The marshland area surrounding Poyang Lake was divided randomly into 200×200 m vector grids using ArcGIS software,and the surveyed grids were randomly selected by the software.The snail survey was conducted in each selected grid using a survey frame of 50×50 m with one sideline of each grid serving as the starting line.No less than ten frames were used in each surveyed grid with Global Positioning System(GPS)recordings for each.All snails in each frame were collected to determine infection status by microscopy.Altitude data for all frames were extracted from a lake bottom topographic map in order to analyze the average altitude.All snail survey data were collected and statistically analyzed with SPSS 20.0 software in order to determine the difference of the percentage of frames with living snails and mean density of living snails in different regions of Poyang Lake.The altitude of the snail-infested marshlands and snail dens were subsequently identified.Results:A total of 1159 potential snail sampling grids were surveyed,of which 15231 frames(0.1 m2/frame)were investigated.1241 frames had live Oncomelania snails corresponding to 8.15%of the total number of frames.The mean density of living snails was 0.463/0.1 m2 with a maximum of 57 snails per frame.The percent of frames with snails in the southern sector(8.13%)of Poyang Lake did not differ statistically from the north(8.21%).However,the mean density of live snails in the northern sector(0.164/0.1 m2)of the lake was statistically higher(F=6.727;P=0.010)than the south(0.141/0.1 m2).In the south of the lake,the elevation of snail-inhabited marshland ranged between 11-16 m,and could be further subdivided into two snail-concentrated belts at 12-13 m of elevation and 15-16 m of elevation respectively.In the north of the lake,the elevation of snail-inhabited marshland ranged between 9-16 m with the elevation of 12-14 m being the snail-concentrated zone.Conclusions:The elevation of snail-infested marshlands in the Poyang Lake region ranged from 9 to 16 m.The snail distribution and habitat has moved north of the lake and to a lower altitude due to changes in the water level post dam closure.Based on the current geological features of the snail habitant focused mollusciciding should occur in snail dense northern regions with frequent bovine and human traffic.Targeting these identified'hotspots'of transmission will assist in elimination efforts.展开更多
Background Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum and plays a decisive role in its transmission.The variation of water level greatly affects the reproduction and growth of snails.T...Background Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum and plays a decisive role in its transmission.The variation of water level greatly affects the reproduction and growth of snails.Therefore,in this paper,we analyze the variations of water level in the Poyang Lake region from 1993 to 2016 combined with satellite imagery to elucidate the evolution of the snail breeding environment.Methods By employing remote sensing data from 1993 to 2016(April–June and September–November),the vegetation area of Poyang Lake and the vegetation area at different elevations were extracted and calculated.Moreover,the average daily water level data from the four hydrological stations(Hukou station,Xingzi station,Tangyin station and Kangshan station)which represent the typical state of Poyang Lake were collected from 1993 to 2016.The variance of the monthly mean water level,inundation time and the average area were analyzed by variance to find a significance level ofα=0.05.Results According to hydrological data before and after 2003,the average water level after 2003 is significantly lower than that before 2003 in Poyang Lake.After 2003,the time of inundateing the snail breeding period was later in April to June than that before 2003,while the time of wate-falling stage in September to November moved forward after 2003 than before 2003.Of them,the lowest water level affecting the breeding and growing period of O.hupensis in the northern part of Poyang Lake decreased from 11 m to 9 m.After 2003,the expansion of meadow area in the north part of Poyang Lake was mainly concentrated in the elevation of 9–11 m,and the newly increased infested-meadow in the lake area was mainly concentrated in the north part of Poyang Lake.Conclusions By comparing the change of water level characteristics in different parts of the Poyang Lake area as well as changes in meadow area before and after 2003,it is found that the water level changes mainly affect the snail breeding area in the northern part of Poyang Lake.The results are helpful for improving scientific measures for snail control in Jiangxi Province.This approach could also be applicible to Dongting Lake area and other lake areas affected by water level changes and can bring significant guidance for snail control in lake areas.展开更多
基金Supported by the Shanghai Health and Family Planning Commission Fund(201440290)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Fund(15411969100)Shanghai Jiaotong University Interdisciplinary Projects of Medicine and Engineering(YG2015MS28)
文摘Objective To study the differences of cardiovascular system between men and women in response to exercise stress. Methods Forty healthy youth were tested according to Bruce protocol of exercise stress. They were detected by ultrasonography during the rest, peak exercise, and recovery stages, respectively. The left ventricular diastolic elastance(Ed), effective arterial elastance(Ea), left ventricular end-systolic elatance(Ees), ventricular-vascular coupling index(VVI), and total stiffness index(TSI) were measured and calculated according to the formulas. The results of all stages were compared according to genders. Results All stages, the Ed, TSI, and VVI of women were higher than those of men, but the Ees was lower than that of men(all P<0.05); there was no significant difference in Ea between men and women. The Ed, Ees, Ea, and TSI were closely related with left ventricular oxygen consumption and heart function, and women showed more closely. Before and after exercise, the changes were different in Ed, Ees, Ea, TSI, and VVI(all P<0.05), and VVI changed least. Conclusions Before and after exercise, the ventricular stiffness matched well with arterial stiffness and maintained within a narrow range. For women, the tolerance of exercise was lower than that of men.
基金Supported by Joint Projects of the Medical Science and Technology Research Program of Henan Province,No.LHGJ20210255.
文摘BACKGROUND Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)is a new type of extracorporeal respiratory and circulatory assistance device.It can drain venous blood out of the body and inject it into veins or arteries after being oxygenated by an oxygenator(membrane lung)to replace lung and heart functions in a short time.ECMO can provide tissue blood perfusion and gas exchange almost equivalent to cardiac output and extend the effective treatment time window for patients with acute circulatory failure to restore cardiopulmonary function.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of an 81-year-old woman who underwent whole cerebral angiography,basilar artery thrombectomy and stent thrombectomy in the posterior artery of the left brain after implantation of ECMO.The patient was admitted to the hospital due to myocardial infarction.Considering that the cause of the patient’s disturbance of consciousness was unknown and cerebrovascular accident could not be ruled out after the implantation of ECMO,the department of Radioactive Intervention performed cerebral angiography.And the result of the angiography indicated vascular occlusion.After the basilar artery thrombectomy and stent thrombectomy in the posterior artery of the left brain,the patency of the occlusive vessel was achieved.CONCLUSION Although the patient eventually died of circulatory failure,the result of this case verifies the feasibility of cerebral angiography and thrombectomy in patients with implanted ECMO in the intubated state.
文摘Renal transplant （RT） recipients have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of renal transplantation on the development of arteriosclerosis have been controversial. The carotid intima-media thickness （CIMT） and diameter （CD） are important indicators of vascular remodeling and arteriosclerosis. In this study, 31 patients with hemodialysis （HD）, 31 RT recipients and 84 age- and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled. Their CIMT and CD were measured by ultrasonic radiofrequency tracking, and the linear regression models and Z test were used to identify the progression of arteriosclerosis and the risk factors. Compared with HD group, RT group had significantly lower CIMT and CD. CIMT was found to be associated with age, body weight, resistance index and diastolic velocity, while CD was associated significantly with age, body weight, pulsatility index, end diastolic velocity and diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, respectively. The correlation curves between CIMT and age showed the slopes of curves were decreased successively in control, RT and HD groups, and the curves between CD and age showed the slopes were decreased in order of RT 〉 control 〉 HD groups. It was concluded that CIMT and CD were significantly correlated with age in RT and moderately with age in HD patients. RT could reduce the progress of arteriosclerosis in patients with end-stage renal disease.
基金This study was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai“Scientific and Technological Innovation Action Plan”(20ZR1444600)as well as the Special Fund for Scientific and Technological Innovation of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(YG2019ZDA27。
文摘Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is a new form of ultrasound(US)that can dynamically display microvessels in a highly sensitive manner.The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of CEUS for characterizing testicular lesions in comparison with conventional US.Forty-seven patients with testicular lesions were enrolled.The histopathology results revealed that 31 cases were neoplastic(11 cases of seminomas,8 nonseminomatous germ cell tumors,8 lymphomas,2 Leydig cell tumors,and 2 nonspecific tumors),and 16 cases were nonneoplastic(8 cases of infarctions,3 epidermoid cysts,and 5 inflammation).The indicators of shallow lobulated morphology and cystic-solid echogenicity on conventional US were suggestive of germ cell tumors.More indicators on CEUS were found to be useful for characterizing testicular lesions.All the neoplastic lesions showed hyperenhancement on CEUS.Moreover,germ cell tumors presented with heterogeneous enhancement(73.7%,14/19),a twisted blood vessel pattern,rapid wash-in and wash-out,and peripheral rim hyperenhancement signs.Lymphoma was characterized by nonbranching linear vessel patterns(87.5%,7/8),rapid wash-in and slow wash-out.In nonneoplastic lesions,infarction and epidermoid cysts showed no enhancement,and abscesses were observed with marginal irregular enhancement.The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of CEUS for differentiating between neoplastic and nonneoplastic lesions were 100%,93.8%,and 97.9%,respectively,and these values were higher than those for conventional US(90.3%,62.5%,and 80.9%,respectively).CEUS can sensitively reflect the microvascular perfusion in testicular lesions and offers high accuracy for characterizing them.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.81660557,71764011)Jiangxi Province Focus on Research and Development Plan(grant No.20171BBG70105).
文摘Background:With the closure of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003 the hydrology of Poyang Lake was altered dramatically leading to significant changes in the environment.In order to assess the impact on schistosomiasis this study assessed the spatial and temporal patterns of the snail intermediate host,Oncomelania hupensis in the Poyang Lake tributaries.The results of the study have important implications for future snail control strategies leading to disease elimination.Methods:The marshland area surrounding Poyang Lake was divided randomly into 200×200 m vector grids using ArcGIS software,and the surveyed grids were randomly selected by the software.The snail survey was conducted in each selected grid using a survey frame of 50×50 m with one sideline of each grid serving as the starting line.No less than ten frames were used in each surveyed grid with Global Positioning System(GPS)recordings for each.All snails in each frame were collected to determine infection status by microscopy.Altitude data for all frames were extracted from a lake bottom topographic map in order to analyze the average altitude.All snail survey data were collected and statistically analyzed with SPSS 20.0 software in order to determine the difference of the percentage of frames with living snails and mean density of living snails in different regions of Poyang Lake.The altitude of the snail-infested marshlands and snail dens were subsequently identified.Results:A total of 1159 potential snail sampling grids were surveyed,of which 15231 frames(0.1 m2/frame)were investigated.1241 frames had live Oncomelania snails corresponding to 8.15%of the total number of frames.The mean density of living snails was 0.463/0.1 m2 with a maximum of 57 snails per frame.The percent of frames with snails in the southern sector(8.13%)of Poyang Lake did not differ statistically from the north(8.21%).However,the mean density of live snails in the northern sector(0.164/0.1 m2)of the lake was statistically higher(F=6.727;P=0.010)than the south(0.141/0.1 m2).In the south of the lake,the elevation of snail-inhabited marshland ranged between 11-16 m,and could be further subdivided into two snail-concentrated belts at 12-13 m of elevation and 15-16 m of elevation respectively.In the north of the lake,the elevation of snail-inhabited marshland ranged between 9-16 m with the elevation of 12-14 m being the snail-concentrated zone.Conclusions:The elevation of snail-infested marshlands in the Poyang Lake region ranged from 9 to 16 m.The snail distribution and habitat has moved north of the lake and to a lower altitude due to changes in the water level post dam closure.Based on the current geological features of the snail habitant focused mollusciciding should occur in snail dense northern regions with frequent bovine and human traffic.Targeting these identified'hotspots'of transmission will assist in elimination efforts.
文摘Background Oncomelania hupensis is the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum and plays a decisive role in its transmission.The variation of water level greatly affects the reproduction and growth of snails.Therefore,in this paper,we analyze the variations of water level in the Poyang Lake region from 1993 to 2016 combined with satellite imagery to elucidate the evolution of the snail breeding environment.Methods By employing remote sensing data from 1993 to 2016(April–June and September–November),the vegetation area of Poyang Lake and the vegetation area at different elevations were extracted and calculated.Moreover,the average daily water level data from the four hydrological stations(Hukou station,Xingzi station,Tangyin station and Kangshan station)which represent the typical state of Poyang Lake were collected from 1993 to 2016.The variance of the monthly mean water level,inundation time and the average area were analyzed by variance to find a significance level ofα=0.05.Results According to hydrological data before and after 2003,the average water level after 2003 is significantly lower than that before 2003 in Poyang Lake.After 2003,the time of inundateing the snail breeding period was later in April to June than that before 2003,while the time of wate-falling stage in September to November moved forward after 2003 than before 2003.Of them,the lowest water level affecting the breeding and growing period of O.hupensis in the northern part of Poyang Lake decreased from 11 m to 9 m.After 2003,the expansion of meadow area in the north part of Poyang Lake was mainly concentrated in the elevation of 9–11 m,and the newly increased infested-meadow in the lake area was mainly concentrated in the north part of Poyang Lake.Conclusions By comparing the change of water level characteristics in different parts of the Poyang Lake area as well as changes in meadow area before and after 2003,it is found that the water level changes mainly affect the snail breeding area in the northern part of Poyang Lake.The results are helpful for improving scientific measures for snail control in Jiangxi Province.This approach could also be applicible to Dongting Lake area and other lake areas affected by water level changes and can bring significant guidance for snail control in lake areas.
