Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZHSCs)have been widely considered as promising candidates for flexible electrochemical energy storage devices.The key challenge is to develop hydrogel electrolytes with high hydrophilic...Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZHSCs)have been widely considered as promising candidates for flexible electrochemical energy storage devices.The key challenge is to develop hydrogel electrolytes with high hydrophilicity,anti-freezing,bending resistance,and stable interface with electrodes.This study reported a hydrogel electrolyte system that can meet the above functions,in which the zincophilic and negatively charged SO_(3)^(−),migratable Na^(+),abundant hydrophilic functional groups,gum xanthan,and porous architecture could effectively promote the electrochemical performance of ZHSCs.ZHSCs with such hydrogel electrolytes not only exhibited good low-temperature performance but also showed excellent bending resistance ability.A high specific capacitance could be kept after a long air-working lifespan over 10,000 cycles under a wide operation voltage of 1.85 V at−10℃.Furthermore,flexible ZHSCs could maintain the capacitance retention of 93.18%even after continuous 500 bends at an angle of 180°.The designed hydrogel electrolytes could be also used for other electrochemical energy storage devices with anti-freezing and bending resistance by changing electrolyte salt.展开更多
In this study,surface modification of monocrystalline silicon with two doses of hydrogen ion implantation and the plunge cutting process were conducted to explore the influence of hydrogen ions on the cutting behavior...In this study,surface modification of monocrystalline silicon with two doses of hydrogen ion implantation and the plunge cutting process were conducted to explore the influence of hydrogen ions on the cutting behavior of silicon.The results show that ion implantation is capable of deteriorating or improving the machinability of silicon,depending on the implantation dose.More cleavages and a reduction of critical depth of cut(CDoC)were observed for the silicon with a low implantation dose in the cutting direction of<100>in comparison to bare silicon,while no cleavage and an increase of CDoC were achieved after implantation with a high dose in the same cutting direction.Besides,the ductile cutting and thrust forces of the silicon with the low dose are larger than the bare silicon,but the forces are significantly reduced for the silicon after the high dose of implantation.The variation of the cutting forces is due to the different required stresses to overcome ductile and fracture deformation of silicon.展开更多
Optical superoscillation enables far-field superresolution imaging beyond diffraction limits.However,existing superoscillatory lenses for spatial superresolution imaging systems still confront critical performance lim...Optical superoscillation enables far-field superresolution imaging beyond diffraction limits.However,existing superoscillatory lenses for spatial superresolution imaging systems still confront critical performance limitations due to the lack of advanced design methods and limited design degree of freedom.Here,we propose an optical superoscillatory diffractive neural network(SODNN)that achieves spatial superresolution for imaging beyond the diffraction limit with superior optical performance.SODNN is constructed by utilizing diffractive layers for optical interconnections and imaging samples or biological sensors for nonlinearity.This modulates the incident optical field to create optical superoscillation effects in three-dimensional(3D)space and generate the superresolved focal spots.By optimizing diffractive layers with 3D optical field constraints under an incident wavelength size ofλ,we achieved a superoscillatory optical spot and needle with a full width at half-maximum of 0.407λat the far-field distance over 400λwithout sidelobes over the field of view and with a long depth of field over 10λ.Furthermore,the SODNN implements a multiwavelength and multifocus spot array that effectively avoids chromatic aberrations,achieving comprehensive performance improvement that surpasses the trade-off among performance indicators of conventional superoscillatory lens design methods.Our research work will inspire the development of intelligent optical instruments to facilitate the applications of imaging,sensing,perception,etc.展开更多
基金The financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(2210910352205489,and 21875144)Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Grant(JCYJ20200109105003940)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZHSCs)have been widely considered as promising candidates for flexible electrochemical energy storage devices.The key challenge is to develop hydrogel electrolytes with high hydrophilicity,anti-freezing,bending resistance,and stable interface with electrodes.This study reported a hydrogel electrolyte system that can meet the above functions,in which the zincophilic and negatively charged SO_(3)^(−),migratable Na^(+),abundant hydrophilic functional groups,gum xanthan,and porous architecture could effectively promote the electrochemical performance of ZHSCs.ZHSCs with such hydrogel electrolytes not only exhibited good low-temperature performance but also showed excellent bending resistance ability.A high specific capacitance could be kept after a long air-working lifespan over 10,000 cycles under a wide operation voltage of 1.85 V at−10℃.Furthermore,flexible ZHSCs could maintain the capacitance retention of 93.18%even after continuous 500 bends at an angle of 180°.The designed hydrogel electrolytes could be also used for other electrochemical energy storage devices with anti-freezing and bending resistance by changing electrolyte salt.
基金The work described in this paper was jointly supported by the Research Committee(Project No.G-YBLE)State Key Laboratory of Ultra-precision Machining Technology(Project No.RUWB)of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University.
文摘In this study,surface modification of monocrystalline silicon with two doses of hydrogen ion implantation and the plunge cutting process were conducted to explore the influence of hydrogen ions on the cutting behavior of silicon.The results show that ion implantation is capable of deteriorating or improving the machinability of silicon,depending on the implantation dose.More cleavages and a reduction of critical depth of cut(CDoC)were observed for the silicon with a low implantation dose in the cutting direction of<100>in comparison to bare silicon,while no cleavage and an increase of CDoC were achieved after implantation with a high dose in the same cutting direction.Besides,the ductile cutting and thrust forces of the silicon with the low dose are larger than the bare silicon,but the forces are significantly reduced for the silicon after the high dose of implantation.The variation of the cutting forces is due to the different required stresses to overcome ductile and fracture deformation of silicon.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021ZD0109902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62275139)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M741889).
文摘Optical superoscillation enables far-field superresolution imaging beyond diffraction limits.However,existing superoscillatory lenses for spatial superresolution imaging systems still confront critical performance limitations due to the lack of advanced design methods and limited design degree of freedom.Here,we propose an optical superoscillatory diffractive neural network(SODNN)that achieves spatial superresolution for imaging beyond the diffraction limit with superior optical performance.SODNN is constructed by utilizing diffractive layers for optical interconnections and imaging samples or biological sensors for nonlinearity.This modulates the incident optical field to create optical superoscillation effects in three-dimensional(3D)space and generate the superresolved focal spots.By optimizing diffractive layers with 3D optical field constraints under an incident wavelength size ofλ,we achieved a superoscillatory optical spot and needle with a full width at half-maximum of 0.407λat the far-field distance over 400λwithout sidelobes over the field of view and with a long depth of field over 10λ.Furthermore,the SODNN implements a multiwavelength and multifocus spot array that effectively avoids chromatic aberrations,achieving comprehensive performance improvement that surpasses the trade-off among performance indicators of conventional superoscillatory lens design methods.Our research work will inspire the development of intelligent optical instruments to facilitate the applications of imaging,sensing,perception,etc.
