Additive manufacturing(AM)is a free-form technology that shows great potential in the integrated creation of three-dimensional(3D)electronics.However,the fabrication of 3D conformal circuits that fulfill the requireme...Additive manufacturing(AM)is a free-form technology that shows great potential in the integrated creation of three-dimensional(3D)electronics.However,the fabrication of 3D conformal circuits that fulfill the requirements of high service temperature,high conductivity and high resolution remains a challenge.In this paper,a hybrid AM method combining the fused deposition modeling(FDM)and hydrophobic treatment assisted laser activation metallization(LAM)was proposed for manufacturing the polyetheretherketone(PEEK)-based 3D electronics,by which the conformal copper patterns were deposited on the 3D-printed PEEK parts,and the adhesion between them reached the 5B high level.Moreover,the 3D components could support the thermal cycling test from-55℃ to 125℃ for more than 100 cycles.Particularly,the application of a hydrophobic coating on the FDM-printed PEEK before LAM can promote an ideal catalytic selectivity on its surface,not affected by the inevitable printing borders and pores in the FDM-printed parts,then making the resolution of the electroless plated copper lines improved significantly.In consequence,Cu lines with width and spacing of only60μm and 100μm were obtained on both as-printed and after-polished PEEK substrates.Finally,the potential of this technique to fabricate 3D conformal electronics was demonstrated.展开更多
It is essential to develop a single mode operation and improve the performance of lasing in order to ensure practical applicability of microlasers and nanolasers. In this paper, two hexagonal microteeth with varied na...It is essential to develop a single mode operation and improve the performance of lasing in order to ensure practical applicability of microlasers and nanolasers. In this paper, two hexagonal microteeth with varied nanoscaled air-gaps of a ZnO microcomb are used to construct coupled whispering-gallery cavities. This is done to achieve a stable single mode lasing based on Vernier effect without requiring any complicated or sophisticated manipulation to achieve positioning with nanoscale precision. Optical gain and the corresponding ultraviolet lasing performance were improved greatly through coupling with localized surface plasmons of Pt nanoparticles. The ZnO/Pt hybrid microcavities achieved a seven-fold enhancement of intensity of single mode lasing with higher side- mode suppression ratio and lower threshold. The mechanism that led to this enhancement has been described in detail.展开更多
Collaborative enhancements from surface plasmons （SPs） and whispering-gallery modes （WGMs） can induce intense near-field effects with high spatial localization around the surface of a semiconducting material. One ...Collaborative enhancements from surface plasmons （SPs） and whispering-gallery modes （WGMs） can induce intense near-field effects with high spatial localization around the surface of a semiconducting material. One can construct a highly efficient hybrid microcavity using semiconducting materials through resonant coupling between SPs and WGMs. Hexagonal ZnO micro-/nanostructures, which have been employed as natural WGM microcavities for ultraviolet （UV） lasing, can be used as ideal platforms to construct such hybrid microcavities. Here, we comprehensively review the recent efforts for improving lasing performance by resonant coupling between SPs and WGMs. Traditional SPs originating from various metals as well as novel SPs originating from atomic layers such as graphene are considered. Moreover, we discuss the mechanism of light-matter interactions beyond the improvements in lasing performance.展开更多
Aligned arrays of semiconducting carbon nanotubes(s-CNTs)with high homogenous density and orientation are urgently needed for high-performance carbon-based electronics.Herein,a length-controlled approach using combine...Aligned arrays of semiconducting carbon nanotubes(s-CNTs)with high homogenous density and orientation are urgently needed for high-performance carbon-based electronics.Herein,a length-controlled approach using combined technologies was developed to regulate the s-CNT length and reduce the length distribution.The impact of different lengths and length distributions was studied during aligned self-assembly on a liquid–liquid confined interface was investigated.The results show that short s-CNTs with a narrow distribution have the best alignment uniformity over the large scale.The optimized and aligned s-CNT array can reach a density as high as 100 CNTs·μm−1 on a 4-inch wafer.The field-effect transistor(FET)performance of these optimized s-CNT arrays was 64%higher than arrays without length-control.This study clarified that rational control of s-CNTs with desired length and length distribution on the aligned self-assembly process within the liquid–liquid confined interface.The results illustrate a solid foundation for the application of emerging carbon-based electronics.展开更多
This study investigated the effectiveness of carbon adsorbents as remediation material for sediments contaminated with heavy metals and the feasibility of utilizing diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT)as a biomimeti...This study investigated the effectiveness of carbon adsorbents as remediation material for sediments contaminated with heavy metals and the feasibility of utilizing diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT)as a biomimetic tool to estimate the accumulation of heavy metals in Venerupis philippinaram(Manila clam).The results showed that carbon materials had significant inhibitory effects(14.0-53.0%)on the enrichment of heavy metals in organisms and the order of increasing overall inhibitory effect was:charcoal,peat,activated carbon,and biochar.There were significant correlations(P<0.0001)between the four heavy metals accumulated in Venerupis philippinaram and those accumulated in DGT devices after 28 days in the laboratory.Observed concentrations of heavy metals enriched in DGT(5.4-42.0%)were less than accumulations in Venerupis philippinaram.The results of in situ DGT applications showed significant correlations between the amount accumulated in DGT and the acid-soluble portion in sediments for both Cu and Pb,with positive linear correlations and R-squares of 0.97 and 0.92,respectively.These results supported the notion that a DGT device can be used as a biomimetic tool that predicts and monitors the accumulation of heavy metals in aquaculture ponds.Future studies should focus on improving the stabilization of heavy metals in sediments using different types of carbon sorbents,as well as minimizing simulation deviations using DGT.展开更多
Interfacial engineering,particularly the design of artificial solid-electrolyte interphases(SEIs),has been successfully applied in all-solid-state batteries(ASSLBs)for industrial applications.However,a fundamental und...Interfacial engineering,particularly the design of artificial solid-electrolyte interphases(SEIs),has been successfully applied in all-solid-state batteries(ASSLBs)for industrial applications.However,a fundamental understanding of the synthesis and mechanism models of artificial SEIs in all-solid-state Li-ion batteries remains limited.In this review,recent advances in designing and synthesizing artificial SEIs for ASSLBs to solve interfacial issues are thoroughly discussed,covering three main preparation methods and their technical routes:1)atomic layer deposition,2)sol-gel methods,and 3)mechanical ball-milling methods.Moreover,advanced ex-situ characterization techniques for artificial SEIs are comprehensively summarized.Finally,this review provides perspectives on techniques for the interface engineering of artificial SEIs for ASSLBs,with focus on promising methods for industrial applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51901082)the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20200137)the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(JCKY2018110C060)。
文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)is a free-form technology that shows great potential in the integrated creation of three-dimensional(3D)electronics.However,the fabrication of 3D conformal circuits that fulfill the requirements of high service temperature,high conductivity and high resolution remains a challenge.In this paper,a hybrid AM method combining the fused deposition modeling(FDM)and hydrophobic treatment assisted laser activation metallization(LAM)was proposed for manufacturing the polyetheretherketone(PEEK)-based 3D electronics,by which the conformal copper patterns were deposited on the 3D-printed PEEK parts,and the adhesion between them reached the 5B high level.Moreover,the 3D components could support the thermal cycling test from-55℃ to 125℃ for more than 100 cycles.Particularly,the application of a hydrophobic coating on the FDM-printed PEEK before LAM can promote an ideal catalytic selectivity on its surface,not affected by the inevitable printing borders and pores in the FDM-printed parts,then making the resolution of the electroless plated copper lines improved significantly.In consequence,Cu lines with width and spacing of only60μm and 100μm were obtained on both as-printed and after-polished PEEK substrates.Finally,the potential of this technique to fabricate 3D conformal electronics was demonstrated.
基金Acknowledgements The authors sincerely appreciate the help of Shufeng Wang and Yu Li at Peking University and Andong Xia at Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences for their technical support on time-resolved PL. This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program （No. 2013CB932903）, National Natural Science Foundation （Nos. 61275054, 61475035, and 11404289）, Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Support Program （No. BE2016177） and Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province （No. LY17A040011）.
文摘It is essential to develop a single mode operation and improve the performance of lasing in order to ensure practical applicability of microlasers and nanolasers. In this paper, two hexagonal microteeth with varied nanoscaled air-gaps of a ZnO microcomb are used to construct coupled whispering-gallery cavities. This is done to achieve a stable single mode lasing based on Vernier effect without requiring any complicated or sophisticated manipulation to achieve positioning with nanoscale precision. Optical gain and the corresponding ultraviolet lasing performance were improved greatly through coupling with localized surface plasmons of Pt nanoparticles. The ZnO/Pt hybrid microcavities achieved a seven-fold enhancement of intensity of single mode lasing with higher side- mode suppression ratio and lower threshold. The mechanism that led to this enhancement has been described in detail.
文摘Collaborative enhancements from surface plasmons （SPs） and whispering-gallery modes （WGMs） can induce intense near-field effects with high spatial localization around the surface of a semiconducting material. One can construct a highly efficient hybrid microcavity using semiconducting materials through resonant coupling between SPs and WGMs. Hexagonal ZnO micro-/nanostructures, which have been employed as natural WGM microcavities for ultraviolet （UV） lasing, can be used as ideal platforms to construct such hybrid microcavities. Here, we comprehensively review the recent efforts for improving lasing performance by resonant coupling between SPs and WGMs. Traditional SPs originating from various metals as well as novel SPs originating from atomic layers such as graphene are considered. Moreover, we discuss the mechanism of light-matter interactions beyond the improvements in lasing performance.
基金This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0714700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22075312 and 21773292)Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2019B010934001).
文摘Aligned arrays of semiconducting carbon nanotubes(s-CNTs)with high homogenous density and orientation are urgently needed for high-performance carbon-based electronics.Herein,a length-controlled approach using combined technologies was developed to regulate the s-CNT length and reduce the length distribution.The impact of different lengths and length distributions was studied during aligned self-assembly on a liquid–liquid confined interface was investigated.The results show that short s-CNTs with a narrow distribution have the best alignment uniformity over the large scale.The optimized and aligned s-CNT array can reach a density as high as 100 CNTs·μm−1 on a 4-inch wafer.The field-effect transistor(FET)performance of these optimized s-CNT arrays was 64%higher than arrays without length-control.This study clarified that rational control of s-CNTs with desired length and length distribution on the aligned self-assembly process within the liquid–liquid confined interface.The results illustrate a solid foundation for the application of emerging carbon-based electronics.
基金This research was supported by Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(18050502100)Shanghai Ocean University(A1-2037-16-0001-12,A2-0203-00-100223 and A2-0203-00-100352).
文摘This study investigated the effectiveness of carbon adsorbents as remediation material for sediments contaminated with heavy metals and the feasibility of utilizing diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT)as a biomimetic tool to estimate the accumulation of heavy metals in Venerupis philippinaram(Manila clam).The results showed that carbon materials had significant inhibitory effects(14.0-53.0%)on the enrichment of heavy metals in organisms and the order of increasing overall inhibitory effect was:charcoal,peat,activated carbon,and biochar.There were significant correlations(P<0.0001)between the four heavy metals accumulated in Venerupis philippinaram and those accumulated in DGT devices after 28 days in the laboratory.Observed concentrations of heavy metals enriched in DGT(5.4-42.0%)were less than accumulations in Venerupis philippinaram.The results of in situ DGT applications showed significant correlations between the amount accumulated in DGT and the acid-soluble portion in sediments for both Cu and Pb,with positive linear correlations and R-squares of 0.97 and 0.92,respectively.These results supported the notion that a DGT device can be used as a biomimetic tool that predicts and monitors the accumulation of heavy metals in aquaculture ponds.Future studies should focus on improving the stabilization of heavy metals in sediments using different types of carbon sorbents,as well as minimizing simulation deviations using DGT.
基金This research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB3506300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52176185)+2 种基金Guangdong-Foshan Joint Fund(2023A1515140091)Guangdong High-level Innovation Institute project(2021B090905000)Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Introduction Program(2023A-184-G)Eastern Institute of Technology,Ningbo.
文摘Interfacial engineering,particularly the design of artificial solid-electrolyte interphases(SEIs),has been successfully applied in all-solid-state batteries(ASSLBs)for industrial applications.However,a fundamental understanding of the synthesis and mechanism models of artificial SEIs in all-solid-state Li-ion batteries remains limited.In this review,recent advances in designing and synthesizing artificial SEIs for ASSLBs to solve interfacial issues are thoroughly discussed,covering three main preparation methods and their technical routes:1)atomic layer deposition,2)sol-gel methods,and 3)mechanical ball-milling methods.Moreover,advanced ex-situ characterization techniques for artificial SEIs are comprehensively summarized.Finally,this review provides perspectives on techniques for the interface engineering of artificial SEIs for ASSLBs,with focus on promising methods for industrial applications.
