Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been d...Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn^(2+)diffusion kinetics.By employing electrodeposition to coat MoS_(2)on the surface of BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O nanowires,the directional builtin electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn^(2+)diffusion into the active material.The optimized Zn^(2+)diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)(7.5×10^(8)cm^(2)s^(-1)) surpasses that of most reported V-based cathodes.Simultaneously,MoS_(2)serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)full batteries to over 10000 cycles.This work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.展开更多
[Objectives] To determine the aromatic components of Rosa davurica Pall. [Methods] 42 kinds of aromatic components were identified from the flowers of R. davurica by headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) com...[Objectives] To determine the aromatic components of Rosa davurica Pall. [Methods] 42 kinds of aromatic components were identified from the flowers of R. davurica by headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). The main compounds were alcohols( 54. 88%) and aldehydes( 19. 55%). [Results] The top five components with the highest relative content were phenylethyl alcohol( 12. 69%),geraniol( 9. 85%),citronellol( 8. 80%),nerol( 7. 84%) and 2-n-pentylfuran( 7. 45%). [Conclusions] Headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS) can provide basis for further development and utilization of R. davurica.展开更多
Hazardous gases have been strongly associated with being a detriment to human life within the environment The development of a reliable gas sensor with high response and selectivity is of great signifcance for detecti...Hazardous gases have been strongly associated with being a detriment to human life within the environment The development of a reliable gas sensor with high response and selectivity is of great signifcance for detecting different hazardous gases.TiO_(2) nanomaterials are promising candidates with great potential and excellent per-formance in gas sensor applications,such as hydrogen,acetone,ammonia,and ethanol detection.This review begins with a detailed discussion of the di ferent dimensional morphologies of TiO_(2),whitch affect the gas sensing performance of TiO_(2) sensors.The diverse morphologies of TiO_(2) can easily be tuned by regulating the manufacturing conditions.Meanwhile,they exhibit unique characteristics for detecting gases,including large specific suface area,superior elecron tr ansport rates,extraordinary pemmeability,and active reaction sites,which offer new opportunities to improve the gas sensing properties.In addition,a variety of efforts have been made to functional TiO_(2) nanomaterials to further enhance sensing properties,including TiO_(2)-based composites and light-assisted gas sensors.The enhanced gas sensing mechanisms of multi-component composite nano-materials based on TiO_(2) include loaded noble metals,doped elements,constructed heterojunctions,and com-pounded with other functional materials.Finally,several studies have been summarized to demonstate the compar ative sensing properties of TiO_(2)-based gas sensors.展开更多
Understanding the effect of additive on the interfacial charge-carrier transfer dynamics is very crucial to obtaining highly efficient perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we designed a simple additive,dimethyl oxalate...Understanding the effect of additive on the interfacial charge-carrier transfer dynamics is very crucial to obtaining highly efficient perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we designed a simple additive,dimethyl oxalate(DO),functioning as an effective defect passivator of perovskite grain boundaries via the coordination interaction between the carbonyl(C=O)and the exposed Pb^(2+).The modification with DO produces pinhole-free and compact perovskite films,enhancing the transportation capability of carriers.As a consequence,the DO-treated PSCs exhibited a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 22.19%,which is significantly higher than that of the control device without additive(19.58%).More importantly,detailed transient absorption characterization reveals that the use of additive can decrease the hot-carrier cooling dynamics,improve the carrier transfer,and eliminate nonradiative recombination in PSCs.This present work provides a profound understanding the additives effect on the carrier dynamics in PSCs toward the Shockley-Queisser limit.展开更多
SnO_(2)has been extensively used in the detection of various gases.As a gas sensing material,SnO_(2)has excellent physical-chemical properties,high reliability,and short adsorption-desorption time.The application of t...SnO_(2)has been extensively used in the detection of various gases.As a gas sensing material,SnO_(2)has excellent physical-chemical properties,high reliability,and short adsorption-desorption time.The application of the traditional SnO_(2)gas sensor is limited due to its higher work-temperature,low gas response,and poor selectivity.Nanomaterials can significantly impact gas-sensitive properties due to the quantum size,surface,and small size effects of nanomaterials.By applying nanotechnology to the preparation of SnO_(2),the SnO_(2)nanomaterial-based sensors could show better performance,which greatly expands the application of SnO_(2)gas sensors.In this review,the preparation method of the SnO_(2)nanostructure,the types of gas detected,and the improvements of SnO_(2)gas-sensing performances via elemental modification are introduced as well as the future development of SnO_(2)is discussed.展开更多
[Objectives] To reveal the effects of film mulching and open ground seedling raising on the differences between Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim. and Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenkf., find the optimal seedling raising ...[Objectives] To reveal the effects of film mulching and open ground seedling raising on the differences between Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim. and Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenkf., find the optimal seedling raising method, and provide scientific basis for standard seedling raising technique and protecting wild resources of Fritillaria. [Methods] This experiment counted the seedling emergence number and calculated the seedling emergence indicator and the yield. [Results] The results showed that under the condition of film mulching and open ground seedling raising, the changes of Fritillaria seedlings showed an "S" curve, conforming to the Logistic equation, and the rapid growth period appeared 5-13 d after seedling emergence. Compared with the open ground seedling raising, the seedlings of F. przewalskii Maxim. and F. pallidiflora Schrenkf. raised through film mulching emerged 2-4 d earlier, and the yield increased by 56.8% and 21.71%, respectively, and the individual quality was excellent. [Conclusions] The film mulching of F. przewalskii Maxim. and F. pallidiflora Schrenkf. has great significance to protect the wild resources of Fritillaria in Eryin Mountain Area. It is recommended to adopt the film mulching method for Fritillaria seedling raising, to reduce the yield decline due to lodging, and adopt sun-shading net covering after sowing.展开更多
A new type of photocatalytic material, double-perovskite oxides, LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Sm) was synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction process using Ln2O3, BaCO3 and Co2O3 as raw materials. X-ray ...A new type of photocatalytic material, double-perovskite oxides, LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Sm) was synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction process using Ln2O3, BaCO3 and Co2O3 as raw materials. X-ray diffraction results show that the crystalline structures are a pure orthorhombic lattice and are consistent with LnBaCo2O5+δ microparticles. The photocatalytic activity of the LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Sm) powders was further demonstrated in the degradation of Congo red (CR) under ultraviolet light irradiation with the dye solution concentration of 25 or 50 mg·L-1. The double-perovskite oxides LnBaCo2O5+δ show a certain photocatalytic activity during the degradation of CR under ultraviolet light, which means that they are one kind of the promising photocatalytic materials for the degradation of the azo dyes.展开更多
Gynogenesis is an important breeding method in aquaculture and has been widely applied to many fish species.If gynogenetic progenies are to inherit paternal partial genomic DNA,this will increase genetic variation and...Gynogenesis is an important breeding method in aquaculture and has been widely applied to many fish species.If gynogenetic progenies are to inherit paternal partial genomic DNA,this will increase genetic variation and will provide a useful outcome for breeding.In this study,we investigated the genetic variation in homeobox(Hox)gene clusters(Hox A4 a,Hox A9 a,Hox A11 b,Hox B1 b,Hox C4 a,Hox C6 b,and Hox D10 a)among koi carp(Cyprinus carpio haematopterus,KOC;the stimulation sperm source),grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus),and gynogenetic grass carp(GGC).We found paternal DNA(a special DNA fragment and Hox C6 b)derived from KOC and a recombinant gene belonging to Hox C6 b in GGC.We are the first to report the recombinant Hox C6 b in GGC.Our study provides further evidence for paternal DNA transmission to gynogenetic progenies,which is a finding with great significance for the genetic breeding of fish.展开更多
Distant hybridization is an important technique in fish genetic breeding.In this study,based on the establishment of an allodiploid fish lineage(BT,2n=48,F_(1)–F_(6))derived from distant hybridization between female ...Distant hybridization is an important technique in fish genetic breeding.In this study,based on the establishment of an allodiploid fish lineage(BT,2n=48,F_(1)–F_(6))derived from distant hybridization between female Megalobrama amblycephala(BSB,2n=48)and male Culter alburnus(TC,2n=48),and the backcross progeny(BTB,2n=48)derived by backcrossing female F_(1) of BT to male BSB,an improved hybrid bream(BTBB,2n=48)was obtained by backcrossing BTB(♀)to BSB(♂).Moreover,the morphological and genetic characteristics of BTBB individuals were investigated;BTBB was similar to BSB in appearance but had a higher body height than BSB.The study results regarding chromosome numbers and DNA content indicated that BTBB is a diploid hybrid fish.The 5S rDNA and Hox gene of BTBB were inherited from the original parents.Gonadal development in BTBB was normal.On the other hand,BTBB had a faster growth rate,higher muscle protein level,and lower muscle carbohydrate level than BSB.Hence,bisexual fertile BTBB is promoted and can be applied as a high-quality fish,and it can also be used as a new fish germplasm resource to develop high-quality fish further.Thus,this study is of great significance for fish genetic breeding.展开更多
Defects at the grain boundaries(GBs)of perovskite film highly restrict both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,organic small molecules of butanedioic acid(BA)and acetylenedicarboxylic ...Defects at the grain boundaries(GBs)of perovskite film highly restrict both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,organic small molecules of butanedioic acid(BA)and acetylenedicarboxylic acid(AA),containing two carbonyl(C=O)groups and different core-units,were incorporated into perovskite as additives for PSCs application.Thanks to the strong coordination interaction between C=O group and under-coordinated Pb^(2+),the additives can effectively passivate film defects and regulate the perovskite crystallization,yielding high-quality perovskite films with lower defect densities.More importantly,the additives can efficiently regulate the charge transport behaviors in PSCs.Benefiting from the defects passivation and the regulation of charge carrier dynamics,the BA and AA-treaded PSCs show the power conversion efficiencies of 21.52%and 20.50%,which are higher than that of the control device(19.41%).Besides,the optimal devices exhibit a remarkable enhanced long-term stability and moisture tolerance compared to the pristine devices.Furthermore,the transient absorption spectrum reveals the mechanism of enhanced photovoltaic performances,attributing to the improvement of charge transport capability at the perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interfaces.This work affords a promising strategy to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs through regulating the charge-carrier dynamic process in perovskite film.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (61761047 and 41876055)Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Yunnan Province。
文摘Aqueous zincion batteries are highly favored for grid-level energy storage owing to their low cost and high safety,but their practical application is limited by slow ion migration.To address this,a strategy has been developed to create a cation-accelerating electric field on the surface of the cathode to achieve ultrafast Zn^(2+)diffusion kinetics.By employing electrodeposition to coat MoS_(2)on the surface of BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)O nanowires,the directional builtin electric field generated at the heterointerface acts as a cation accelerator,continuously accelerating Zn^(2+)diffusion into the active material.The optimized Zn^(2+)diffusion coefficient in CC@BaV-V_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)(7.5×10^(8)cm^(2)s^(-1)) surpasses that of most reported V-based cathodes.Simultaneously,MoS_(2)serving as a cathodic armor extends the cycling life of the Zn-CC@BaV_(6)O_(16)·3H_(2)@MoS_(2)full batteries to over 10000 cycles.This work provides valuable insights into optimizing ion diffusion kinetics for high-performance energy storage devices.
基金Supported by Key Science and Technology Project of Gansu Province(1302NKDA028)Science and Technology Planning Project of Lanzhou(2010-1-239+2 种基金 2016-3-4)Talent Project of Lanzhou Science and Technology Bureau(2015-RC-87)Project of Science and Technology Cooperation between Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Local Areas(2017GAAS63)
文摘[Objectives] To determine the aromatic components of Rosa davurica Pall. [Methods] 42 kinds of aromatic components were identified from the flowers of R. davurica by headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). The main compounds were alcohols( 54. 88%) and aldehydes( 19. 55%). [Results] The top five components with the highest relative content were phenylethyl alcohol( 12. 69%),geraniol( 9. 85%),citronellol( 8. 80%),nerol( 7. 84%) and 2-n-pentylfuran( 7. 45%). [Conclusions] Headspace solid phase microextraction( HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS) can provide basis for further development and utilization of R. davurica.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61761047 and 41876055)the Yunnan Provincial Depart-ment of Science and Technology through the Key Project for the Science and Technology(Grant No.2017FA025)Program for hnovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Yunnan Province.
文摘Hazardous gases have been strongly associated with being a detriment to human life within the environment The development of a reliable gas sensor with high response and selectivity is of great signifcance for detecting different hazardous gases.TiO_(2) nanomaterials are promising candidates with great potential and excellent per-formance in gas sensor applications,such as hydrogen,acetone,ammonia,and ethanol detection.This review begins with a detailed discussion of the di ferent dimensional morphologies of TiO_(2),whitch affect the gas sensing performance of TiO_(2) sensors.The diverse morphologies of TiO_(2) can easily be tuned by regulating the manufacturing conditions.Meanwhile,they exhibit unique characteristics for detecting gases,including large specific suface area,superior elecron tr ansport rates,extraordinary pemmeability,and active reaction sites,which offer new opportunities to improve the gas sensing properties.In addition,a variety of efforts have been made to functional TiO_(2) nanomaterials to further enhance sensing properties,including TiO_(2)-based composites and light-assisted gas sensors.The enhanced gas sensing mechanisms of multi-component composite nano-materials based on TiO_(2) include loaded noble metals,doped elements,constructed heterojunctions,and com-pounded with other functional materials.Finally,several studies have been summarized to demonstate the compar ative sensing properties of TiO_(2)-based gas sensors.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22065038)the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan(KC10110419)+4 种基金High-Level Talents Introduction in Yunnan Province(C619300A010)the Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of Yunnan(K264202006820)International Joint Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials of Yunnan Province(202003AE140001)the Program for Excellent Young Talents of Yunnan UniversityMajor Science and Technology Project of Precious Metal Materials Genetic Engineering in Yunnan Province(No.2019ZE001-1,202002AB080001-6)for financial support.
文摘Understanding the effect of additive on the interfacial charge-carrier transfer dynamics is very crucial to obtaining highly efficient perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,we designed a simple additive,dimethyl oxalate(DO),functioning as an effective defect passivator of perovskite grain boundaries via the coordination interaction between the carbonyl(C=O)and the exposed Pb^(2+).The modification with DO produces pinhole-free and compact perovskite films,enhancing the transportation capability of carriers.As a consequence,the DO-treated PSCs exhibited a power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 22.19%,which is significantly higher than that of the control device without additive(19.58%).More importantly,detailed transient absorption characterization reveals that the use of additive can decrease the hot-carrier cooling dynamics,improve the carrier transfer,and eliminate nonradiative recombination in PSCs.This present work provides a profound understanding the additives effect on the carrier dynamics in PSCs toward the Shockley-Queisser limit.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61761047 and 41876055)the Department of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province via the Key Project for the Science and Technology(Grant No.2017FA025)Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Yunnan Province。
文摘SnO_(2)has been extensively used in the detection of various gases.As a gas sensing material,SnO_(2)has excellent physical-chemical properties,high reliability,and short adsorption-desorption time.The application of the traditional SnO_(2)gas sensor is limited due to its higher work-temperature,low gas response,and poor selectivity.Nanomaterials can significantly impact gas-sensitive properties due to the quantum size,surface,and small size effects of nanomaterials.By applying nanotechnology to the preparation of SnO_(2),the SnO_(2)nanomaterial-based sensors could show better performance,which greatly expands the application of SnO_(2)gas sensors.In this review,the preparation method of the SnO_(2)nanostructure,the types of gas detected,and the improvements of SnO_(2)gas-sensing performances via elemental modification are introduced as well as the future development of SnO_(2)is discussed.
基金Supported by Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Lanzhou City(2016-RC-130)Talent Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Lanzhou City(2015-RC-31)+2 种基金Key Scientific and Technological Planning Project of TCM Industry of Gansu Province(YC2014-05)Project of Science and Technology Cooperation between Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences and Local Areas(2017GAAS63)Key Research and Development Program of Gansu Province(18YF1NA138)
文摘[Objectives] To reveal the effects of film mulching and open ground seedling raising on the differences between Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim. and Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenkf., find the optimal seedling raising method, and provide scientific basis for standard seedling raising technique and protecting wild resources of Fritillaria. [Methods] This experiment counted the seedling emergence number and calculated the seedling emergence indicator and the yield. [Results] The results showed that under the condition of film mulching and open ground seedling raising, the changes of Fritillaria seedlings showed an "S" curve, conforming to the Logistic equation, and the rapid growth period appeared 5-13 d after seedling emergence. Compared with the open ground seedling raising, the seedlings of F. przewalskii Maxim. and F. pallidiflora Schrenkf. raised through film mulching emerged 2-4 d earlier, and the yield increased by 56.8% and 21.71%, respectively, and the individual quality was excellent. [Conclusions] The film mulching of F. przewalskii Maxim. and F. pallidiflora Schrenkf. has great significance to protect the wild resources of Fritillaria in Eryin Mountain Area. It is recommended to adopt the film mulching method for Fritillaria seedling raising, to reduce the yield decline due to lodging, and adopt sun-shading net covering after sowing.
文摘A new type of photocatalytic material, double-perovskite oxides, LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Sm) was synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction process using Ln2O3, BaCO3 and Co2O3 as raw materials. X-ray diffraction results show that the crystalline structures are a pure orthorhombic lattice and are consistent with LnBaCo2O5+δ microparticles. The photocatalytic activity of the LnBaCo2O5+δ (Ln = Eu, Gd, and Sm) powders was further demonstrated in the degradation of Congo red (CR) under ultraviolet light irradiation with the dye solution concentration of 25 or 50 mg·L-1. The double-perovskite oxides LnBaCo2O5+δ show a certain photocatalytic activity during the degradation of CR under ultraviolet light, which means that they are one kind of the promising photocatalytic materials for the degradation of the azo dyes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31802287,31730098,and 31430088)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M632969)+2 种基金the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-45)the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province(2018NK2072)the Cooperative Innovation Center of Engineering and New Products for Developmental Biology of Hunan Province(20134486)。
文摘Gynogenesis is an important breeding method in aquaculture and has been widely applied to many fish species.If gynogenetic progenies are to inherit paternal partial genomic DNA,this will increase genetic variation and will provide a useful outcome for breeding.In this study,we investigated the genetic variation in homeobox(Hox)gene clusters(Hox A4 a,Hox A9 a,Hox A11 b,Hox B1 b,Hox C4 a,Hox C6 b,and Hox D10 a)among koi carp(Cyprinus carpio haematopterus,KOC;the stimulation sperm source),grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus),and gynogenetic grass carp(GGC).We found paternal DNA(a special DNA fragment and Hox C6 b)derived from KOC and a recombinant gene belonging to Hox C6 b in GGC.We are the first to report the recombinant Hox C6 b in GGC.Our study provides further evidence for paternal DNA transmission to gynogenetic progenies,which is a finding with great significance for the genetic breeding of fish.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31730098,31802287,31430088,31872315,U19A2040)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-45)+3 种基金the Hunan Provincial Natural Science and Technology Major Project(2017NK1031)the Cooperative Innovation Center of Engineering and New Products for Developmental Biology of Hunan Province(20134486)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD0901202)the High-level Talent Agglomeration Program of Hunan,China(2019RS1044)。
文摘Distant hybridization is an important technique in fish genetic breeding.In this study,based on the establishment of an allodiploid fish lineage(BT,2n=48,F_(1)–F_(6))derived from distant hybridization between female Megalobrama amblycephala(BSB,2n=48)and male Culter alburnus(TC,2n=48),and the backcross progeny(BTB,2n=48)derived by backcrossing female F_(1) of BT to male BSB,an improved hybrid bream(BTBB,2n=48)was obtained by backcrossing BTB(♀)to BSB(♂).Moreover,the morphological and genetic characteristics of BTBB individuals were investigated;BTBB was similar to BSB in appearance but had a higher body height than BSB.The study results regarding chromosome numbers and DNA content indicated that BTBB is a diploid hybrid fish.The 5S rDNA and Hox gene of BTBB were inherited from the original parents.Gonadal development in BTBB was normal.On the other hand,BTBB had a faster growth rate,higher muscle protein level,and lower muscle carbohydrate level than BSB.Hence,bisexual fertile BTBB is promoted and can be applied as a high-quality fish,and it can also be used as a new fish germplasm resource to develop high-quality fish further.Thus,this study is of great significance for fish genetic breeding.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22065038)High-Level Talents Introduction in Yunnan Province(No.C619300A010)+3 种基金the Fund for Excellent Young Scholars of Yunnan(No.202001AW070008)Spring City Plan:the Highlevel Talent Promotion and Training Project of Kunming(No.2022SCP005)for financial supportthe support from the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of Yunnan University(No.W8223004)the Postdoctoral Foundation of Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Yunnan Province(No.C615300504046)。
文摘Defects at the grain boundaries(GBs)of perovskite film highly restrict both the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).Herein,organic small molecules of butanedioic acid(BA)and acetylenedicarboxylic acid(AA),containing two carbonyl(C=O)groups and different core-units,were incorporated into perovskite as additives for PSCs application.Thanks to the strong coordination interaction between C=O group and under-coordinated Pb^(2+),the additives can effectively passivate film defects and regulate the perovskite crystallization,yielding high-quality perovskite films with lower defect densities.More importantly,the additives can efficiently regulate the charge transport behaviors in PSCs.Benefiting from the defects passivation and the regulation of charge carrier dynamics,the BA and AA-treaded PSCs show the power conversion efficiencies of 21.52%and 20.50%,which are higher than that of the control device(19.41%).Besides,the optimal devices exhibit a remarkable enhanced long-term stability and moisture tolerance compared to the pristine devices.Furthermore,the transient absorption spectrum reveals the mechanism of enhanced photovoltaic performances,attributing to the improvement of charge transport capability at the perovskite/Spiro-OMeTAD interfaces.This work affords a promising strategy to improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs through regulating the charge-carrier dynamic process in perovskite film.
