The WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and resistance,but only a few members have been identified in strawberry.Here we identified a WRKY transcription factor,FvWRKY50,in diploid strawberr...The WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and resistance,but only a few members have been identified in strawberry.Here we identified a WRKY transcription factor,FvWRKY50,in diploid strawberry which played essential roles in strawberry vegetative growth,and reproductive growth.Knocking out FvWRKY50 by genome editing accelerated flowering time and leaf senescence but delayed anthocyanin accumulation in fruit.Further analysis showed that FvWRKY50 acted as a transcriptional repressor to negatively regulate the expression of flowering-and leaf senescence-related genes,including FvFT2,FvCO,FvFT3,and FvSAUR36.Notably,FvWRKY50 directly upregulated the expression of FvCHI and FvDFR by binding their promoter under normal conditions,but at low temperature FvWRKY50 was phosphorylated by FvMAPK3 and then induced protein degradation by ubiquitination,delaying anthocyanin accumulation.In addition,the homozygous mutant of FvWRKY50 was smaller while the biallelic mutant showed normal size.These new findings provide important clues for us to further reveal the regulatory mechanisms of strawberry growth and fruit ripening.展开更多
Green prevention and control management of soil-borne fungal diseases is a hot topic in agriculture,ecology,and the environment.It is an important way to effectively prevent and control soil-borne fungal diseases,solv...Green prevention and control management of soil-borne fungal diseases is a hot topic in agriculture,ecology,and the environment.It is an important way to effectively prevent and control soil-borne fungal diseases,solve soil degradation caused by continuous cropping obstacles,and fulfill the sustainable development of agriculture through revealing the mechanisms of functional substances to develop highly effective soil amendments.Humic acid shows an inhibitory effect on soil-borne pathogenic fungi,such as Fusarium oxysporum,Choanephora cucurbitarum,and Rhizoctonia solani,with the inhibition rate exceeding 80%.The molecular and elemental composition and contents of–COOH,phenolic C,methoxy group C,carboxyl C,aromatic C–O,anomeric C,and other functional groups of humic acid have been inferred to be responsible for its inhibitory effects on pathogenic fungi in previous research.The inhibitory mechanisms mainly include cell physiological morphology,biochemical process reactions,and molecular signal transduction.This review systematically summarizes the chemical structure,fungistatic effects,variable characteristics,and inhibitory mechanisms of humic acid,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of green and efficient prevention and control technologies for soil-borne fungal diseases.展开更多
Basic concepts about the finite potential games and the networked evolutionary games(NEGs)are introduced.Some new developments are surveyed,including(i)formulas for verifying whether a finite game is(weighted)potentia...Basic concepts about the finite potential games and the networked evolutionary games(NEGs)are introduced.Some new developments are surveyed,including(i)formulas for verifying whether a finite game is(weighted)potential and for calculating the(weighted)potential function;and(ii)the fundamental network equation and strategy profile dynamics of NEGs.Then some applications are introduced,which include:(i)convergence of NEGs;(ii)congestion control;(iii)distributed coverage of graphs.展开更多
A new kind of rigid polyurethane(PU)foam was synthesized from the oil phase of bio-oils from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of corn stover.The recipes for the PU foams consisted of polyol-rich bio-oils,water as blowing ...A new kind of rigid polyurethane(PU)foam was synthesized from the oil phase of bio-oils from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of corn stover.The recipes for the PU foams consisted of polyol-rich bio-oils,water as blowing agent,polyethylene glycol(PEG)as both polyol donor and plasticizer,diphenylmethane-4,4’-diisocyanate(polymeric MDI)as cross-linking agent,silicon-based surfactant,and tin-based catalyst.The mechanical properties of rigid foams were measured with universal testing machine(Instron4206).The effects of individual ingredients on the physical and mechanical properties of the foams were studied.It was found that water content,bio-oil content,and isocyanate dosage were important variables in making PU foams in terms of mechanical strength,density,and cellular structure Under optimal conditions,the compression strength of the prepared PU foams reached 1130 kPa with a density of 152.9 g/L.The results show that bio-oils are potential renewable polyol sources for making rigid PU foams.展开更多
Corn stover was liquefied using an industrial biodiesel glycerol as a liquefying agent at atmospheric pressure and low temperature.It was found that the liquefaction yield increased with increasing glycerol-to-corn st...Corn stover was liquefied using an industrial biodiesel glycerol as a liquefying agent at atmospheric pressure and low temperature.It was found that the liquefaction yield increased with increasing glycerol-to-corn stover ratios.Sulfuric acid,added as a catalyst,was found to improve liquefaction yield.The hydroxyl number,moisture content,acid number,pH value,viscosity,density,elemental composition,and higher heating value of the liquefied corn stover samples were determined.The liquefied corn stover showed a high hydroxyl number of 270-310 mg KOH/g.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results revealed the functional groups and confirmed the existence of the OH group in the liquefied corn stover,indicating that the liquefied corn stover is indeed a source of polyols and a potential chemical stock for the synthesis of polymers.展开更多
Somatic cell reprogramming generates induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs),which serve as a crucial source of seed cells for personalized disease modeling and treatment in regenerative medicine.However,the process of ...Somatic cell reprogramming generates induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs),which serve as a crucial source of seed cells for personalized disease modeling and treatment in regenerative medicine.However,the process of reprogramming often causes substantial lineage manipulations,thereby increasing cellular heterogeneity.As a consequence,the process of harvesting monoclonal iPSCs is labor-intensive and leads to decreased reproducibility.Here,we report the first in-house developed robotic platform that uses a pin-tip-based micro-structure to manipulate radial shear flow for automated monoclonal iPSC colony selection(~1 s)in a non-invasive and label-free manner,which includes tasks for somatic cell reprogramming culturing,medium changes;time-lapse-based high-content imaging;and iPSCs monoclonal colony detection,selection,and expansion.Throughput-wise,this automated robotic system can perform approximately 24 somatic cell reprogramming tasks within 50 days in parallel via a scheduling program.Moreover,thanks to a dual flow-based iPSC selection process,the purity of iPSCs was enhanced,while simultaneously eliminating the need for single-cell subcloning.These iPSCs generated via the dual processing robotic approach demonstrated a purity 3.7 times greater than that of the conventional manual methods.In addition,the automatically produced human iPSCs exhibited typical pluripotent transcriptional profiles,differentiation potential,and karyotypes.In conclusion,this robotic method could offer a promising solution for the automated isolation or purification of lineage-specific cells derived from iPSCs,thereby accelerating the development of personalized medicines.展开更多
基金Thisworkwas supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32222074,32072551)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2100102-3)+2 种基金111 Project(B17043)Beijing Innovation Consortium of Agriculture Research System(BAIC04-2022)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.
文摘The WRKY transcription factors play important roles in plant growth and resistance,but only a few members have been identified in strawberry.Here we identified a WRKY transcription factor,FvWRKY50,in diploid strawberry which played essential roles in strawberry vegetative growth,and reproductive growth.Knocking out FvWRKY50 by genome editing accelerated flowering time and leaf senescence but delayed anthocyanin accumulation in fruit.Further analysis showed that FvWRKY50 acted as a transcriptional repressor to negatively regulate the expression of flowering-and leaf senescence-related genes,including FvFT2,FvCO,FvFT3,and FvSAUR36.Notably,FvWRKY50 directly upregulated the expression of FvCHI and FvDFR by binding their promoter under normal conditions,but at low temperature FvWRKY50 was phosphorylated by FvMAPK3 and then induced protein degradation by ubiquitination,delaying anthocyanin accumulation.In addition,the homozygous mutant of FvWRKY50 was smaller while the biallelic mutant showed normal size.These new findings provide important clues for us to further reveal the regulatory mechanisms of strawberry growth and fruit ripening.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42207371 and 32071642)the Scientific Project of Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,China(No.2021kj17)the Key Research Projects of Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,China(No.2023kj14)。
文摘Green prevention and control management of soil-borne fungal diseases is a hot topic in agriculture,ecology,and the environment.It is an important way to effectively prevent and control soil-borne fungal diseases,solve soil degradation caused by continuous cropping obstacles,and fulfill the sustainable development of agriculture through revealing the mechanisms of functional substances to develop highly effective soil amendments.Humic acid shows an inhibitory effect on soil-borne pathogenic fungi,such as Fusarium oxysporum,Choanephora cucurbitarum,and Rhizoctonia solani,with the inhibition rate exceeding 80%.The molecular and elemental composition and contents of–COOH,phenolic C,methoxy group C,carboxyl C,aromatic C–O,anomeric C,and other functional groups of humic acid have been inferred to be responsible for its inhibitory effects on pathogenic fungi in previous research.The inhibitory mechanisms mainly include cell physiological morphology,biochemical process reactions,and molecular signal transduction.This review systematically summarizes the chemical structure,fungistatic effects,variable characteristics,and inhibitory mechanisms of humic acid,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the development of green and efficient prevention and control technologies for soil-borne fungal diseases.
基金supported partly by National Natural Science Foundation(NNSF)of China,[grant numbers 61273013 and 61333001].
文摘Basic concepts about the finite potential games and the networked evolutionary games(NEGs)are introduced.Some new developments are surveyed,including(i)formulas for verifying whether a finite game is(weighted)potential and for calculating the(weighted)potential function;and(ii)the fundamental network equation and strategy profile dynamics of NEGs.Then some applications are introduced,which include:(i)convergence of NEGs;(ii)congestion control;(iii)distributed coverage of graphs.
基金the Initiative for Renewable Energy and the Environment and Center for Biorefining at the University of Minnesota,Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund,US DOT/Sun Grant Initiative,and China Ministry of Education PCSIRT Program(IRT0540)。
文摘A new kind of rigid polyurethane(PU)foam was synthesized from the oil phase of bio-oils from microwave-assisted pyrolysis of corn stover.The recipes for the PU foams consisted of polyol-rich bio-oils,water as blowing agent,polyethylene glycol(PEG)as both polyol donor and plasticizer,diphenylmethane-4,4’-diisocyanate(polymeric MDI)as cross-linking agent,silicon-based surfactant,and tin-based catalyst.The mechanical properties of rigid foams were measured with universal testing machine(Instron4206).The effects of individual ingredients on the physical and mechanical properties of the foams were studied.It was found that water content,bio-oil content,and isocyanate dosage were important variables in making PU foams in terms of mechanical strength,density,and cellular structure Under optimal conditions,the compression strength of the prepared PU foams reached 1130 kPa with a density of 152.9 g/L.The results show that bio-oils are potential renewable polyol sources for making rigid PU foams.
基金This work was supported in part by grants from the Initiative for Renewable Energy and the Environment and Center for Biorefining at the University of Minnesota,Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund,US DOT/Sun Grant Initiative,DOE/USDA Joint Biomass Research Initiative,China Ministry of Education PCSIRT Program(IRT0540)Sate Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,Nanchang University(Project No.SKLF-TS-200814)for financial support.The authors also wish to thank AURI at Waseca,Minnesota for its generous support.
文摘Corn stover was liquefied using an industrial biodiesel glycerol as a liquefying agent at atmospheric pressure and low temperature.It was found that the liquefaction yield increased with increasing glycerol-to-corn stover ratios.Sulfuric acid,added as a catalyst,was found to improve liquefaction yield.The hydroxyl number,moisture content,acid number,pH value,viscosity,density,elemental composition,and higher heating value of the liquefied corn stover samples were determined.The liquefied corn stover showed a high hydroxyl number of 270-310 mg KOH/g.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results revealed the functional groups and confirmed the existence of the OH group in the liquefied corn stover,indicating that the liquefied corn stover is indeed a source of polyols and a potential chemical stock for the synthesis of polymers.
基金funded by the Key Project for Instrument Development Program-Ministry of Finance[Grant No.ZDYZ2012-3]Operational Support Project of Instrument Development-Chinese Academy of Sciences[Grant No.1187000169]+7 种基金Project of Automated Stem Cell Induction and Culture Instrument Development-Chinese Academy of Sciences[Grant No.1187000170]Scientific Instrument Development Program-Chinese Academy of Sciences[Grant Nos.ZDKYYQ20210006 and YJKYYQ20210042]Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[Grant No.O2222001]Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation[Grant No.2022A1515110435]Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Project[Grant No.2023A04J0107]Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation[Grant No.2021M693192]Guangdong International Scientific Research Cooperation Project[Grant No.2022A0505050037]Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province[Grant No.2023B1212060050].
文摘Somatic cell reprogramming generates induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs),which serve as a crucial source of seed cells for personalized disease modeling and treatment in regenerative medicine.However,the process of reprogramming often causes substantial lineage manipulations,thereby increasing cellular heterogeneity.As a consequence,the process of harvesting monoclonal iPSCs is labor-intensive and leads to decreased reproducibility.Here,we report the first in-house developed robotic platform that uses a pin-tip-based micro-structure to manipulate radial shear flow for automated monoclonal iPSC colony selection(~1 s)in a non-invasive and label-free manner,which includes tasks for somatic cell reprogramming culturing,medium changes;time-lapse-based high-content imaging;and iPSCs monoclonal colony detection,selection,and expansion.Throughput-wise,this automated robotic system can perform approximately 24 somatic cell reprogramming tasks within 50 days in parallel via a scheduling program.Moreover,thanks to a dual flow-based iPSC selection process,the purity of iPSCs was enhanced,while simultaneously eliminating the need for single-cell subcloning.These iPSCs generated via the dual processing robotic approach demonstrated a purity 3.7 times greater than that of the conventional manual methods.In addition,the automatically produced human iPSCs exhibited typical pluripotent transcriptional profiles,differentiation potential,and karyotypes.In conclusion,this robotic method could offer a promising solution for the automated isolation or purification of lineage-specific cells derived from iPSCs,thereby accelerating the development of personalized medicines.
