BACKGROUND Congenital short bowel syndrome(SBS)associated with malrotation,gut volvulus and jejuno-ileal atresia is a very rare condition.It is a severe challenge for surgeons to preserve residual ischemic bowel segme...BACKGROUND Congenital short bowel syndrome(SBS)associated with malrotation,gut volvulus and jejuno-ileal atresia is a very rare condition.It is a severe challenge for surgeons to preserve residual ischemic bowel segment in the management of short bowel syndrome,especially in neonates.CASE SUMMARY We report a newborn baby with gut malrotation associated with jejuno-ileal atresia,congenital SBS and jejunal volvulus.Hematemesis and abdominal distention were noted.At laparotomy,malrotation associated with jejuno-ileal atresia,congenital SBS and jenunal volvulus was confirmed.The total length of the small bowel was 63 cm with proximal jejunal bowel segment measuring 38 cm,including 18 cm necrotic segment below the Treitz’s ligament and 20 cm severe ischemic segment.The distal part of the small bowel was 25 cm in length and only about 0.8 cm in diameter.Ladd’s procedure,necrotic segment resection and end-to-back duodeno-ileal anastomosis were performed.The residual severe ischemic jejunum was preserved with single proximal stoma and distal end closure.Three months later,to restore the continuity of the isolated gut segment,end-to-end duodeno-jejunal and jejuno-ileal anastomosis was performed.The entire functional small bowel length increased to 80 cm.Intravenous fluid therapy and parenteral nutrition were discontinued on the 10th day postoperatively.Twelve months later,her body weight was 9.5 kg.CONCLUSION Isolation of severe ischemic bowel segment and staged anastomosis to restore the gut continuity for infants with SBS are safe and feasible.展开更多
In this study,six kinetics models of indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch transdermal in vitro release was established,including zero-level,first-order,Higuchi-level,Ritger-Peppas,Weibull and Hixcon-Crowell dynamic equa...In this study,six kinetics models of indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch transdermal in vitro release was established,including zero-level,first-order,Higuchi-level,Ritger-Peppas,Weibull and Hixcon-Crowell dynamic equations.The chemical permeation enhancers,including 3%and 5%Azone,and iontophoresis were used as the control.Transdermal diffusion tests were performed in vitro and indomethacin was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography system.The transdermal parameter of the Higuchi and Weibull dynamic equations,indicated that Fu’s cupping therapy(FCT)could significantly improve Higuchi and Weibull kinetic parameters in vitro transdermal,increased transdermal rate and permeability coefficient,reduced lagging time.Additionally,statistical analysis speculated the skin barrier function could be restored after 46 h treatment.Hence,as a new physical transdermal drug delivery technology,transdermal permeation effects produced by FCT are obvious,which has the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine and has important clinical application value.展开更多
The pulsar timing array(PTA)collaborations have recently reported compelling evidence for a stochastic signal consistent with a gravitational-wave background.In this paper,we combine the latest data sets from NANOGrav...The pulsar timing array(PTA)collaborations have recently reported compelling evidence for a stochastic signal consistent with a gravitational-wave background.In this paper,we combine the latest data sets from NANOGrav,PPTA,and EPTA to explore cosmological interpretations for the PTA signal from first-order phase transitions,domain walls,and cosmic strings,respectively.We find that the domain wall model is strongly disfavored with the Bayes factors compared with the first-order phase transitions and cosmic strings being 1/90 and 1/189,respectively,breaking the degeneracy among these models in individual data set.We also find that:(1)a strong phase transition at temperatures below the electroweak scale is favored,and the bubble collisions make the dominant contribution to the energy density spectrum;(2)a small reconnection probability p<1.55×10^(-1)allowed by strings in(super)string theory is favored at the 95%confidence level,and ground-based detectors can further constrain the parameter space.展开更多
Background： In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer has been rising, particularly in young adults, as the second most common gynecological cancer in China. The aim of this study was to explore the incidence...Background： In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer has been rising, particularly in young adults, as the second most common gynecological cancer in China. The aim of this study was to explore the incidence change and the epidemiological characteristics of cervical cancer in Beijing over the past 16 years. Methods： All the cases of the study were limited to Beijing residents diagnosed with cervical cancer and registered in Beij ing from January 1, 1993, to December 31,2008. A total of4100 patients with cervical cancer were obtained from the Statistics Database of Beijing Cancer Registry （BJCaR）. According to the registered data, we retrospectively reviewed all original cases which we can acquired in reported hospital. Cervical situ cancer, cervical metastatic cancer, non-Beijing residents and repeatedly registered cases were excluded. Totally, 3641 registered cases were verified correctly. Meanwhile, we also collected the following data： Age, occupation, detected methods, histological type, and staging. The trends of incidence and mortality were analyzed by Joinpoint Regression Program 4.1.1.1 produced by National Cancer Institute （NCI, USA）. The annual percent change （APC） was calculated using the Joinpoint regression model. Results： The crude rates of incidence and mortality were 10.4 and 1.0 per 100,000 women, respectively during 1993 to 2008. The average WHO age-standardized incidence rates were 11.5 per 100,000 women. There was a decrease in incidence annually by 8.0% （P = 0.3） during 1993-1906 and a rapid increase annually by 18.9% after 1999 （P 〈 0.01）. The median age was 67 years in 1993, but the median age decreased to 45 years in 2008. The peak of the age-specific incidence curve was at 40 years in the most recent period （2005-2008）, which was 25-30 years earlier than that in previous periods （1993-1996）. In the 2224 cases, the numbers of patients with stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ , Ⅲ and IV were 910 （40.9%）, 601 （27%）, 542 （24.4%）, 171 （7.7%）, respectively. The percentage of patients with stage I was 7.6% （ 13/171 ） in 1993-1996, but the percentage increased to 51.6% （643/1247） in 2005-2008 （P 〈 0.01）. Otherwise the percentage of advanced stage （stage Ill-IV） during the same period was dropped down significantly from 52.0% （89/171） to 22.5% （280/1247） （P 〈 0.01 ）. Unemployed and housewife ranked first accounting for 27.3% of the total （607/2224）. Urban low-income people such as worker ranked the second accounting for 17.0% （377/2224）, the third place was farmer accounting for 14.0% （312/2224）. Only 381 （17.1%, 381/2224） women in 2224 were first detected cervical cancer by routine screenings. Company staff（36.5%, 139/381）, professional and technical personnel （22.6%, 86/381）, national official （22.0%, 84/381） occupied the top three （total 81.1%） in the 381 patients detected cervical cancer by screening. Conclusions： The cervical cancer incidence has showed a continuous rise in Beijing since 1999. Government-led mass screening should target the low socioeconomic population primarily. Meanwhile the government should enhance public health education of cancer screening to increase the rate of screening.展开更多
To the Editor:Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a histologic subtype that accounts for approximately 38% of uterine sarcomas.[1]Early and complete surgical resection of ESS is the initial treatment.
Several pulsar timing array(PTA)collaborations,including NANOGrav,EPTA,PPTA,and CPTA,have announced the evidence for a stochastic signal consistent with a stochastic gravitational wave background(SGWB).Supermassive bl...Several pulsar timing array(PTA)collaborations,including NANOGrav,EPTA,PPTA,and CPTA,have announced the evidence for a stochastic signal consistent with a stochastic gravitational wave background(SGWB).Supermassive black hole binaries(SMBHBs)are supposed to be the most promising gravitational-wave(GW)sources for this signal.In this paper,we use the NANOGrav 15-year data set to constrain the parameter space in an astro-informed formation model for SMBHBs.Our results prefer a large turn-over eccentricity of the SMBHB orbit when GWs begin to dominate the SMBHB evolution.Furthermore,the SGWB spectrum is extrapolated to the space-borne GW detector frequency band by including inspiral-merge-cutoff phases of SMBHBs,indicating that the SGWB from SMBHBs should be detected by LISA,Taiji and Tian Qin in the near future.展开更多
We search for isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background(SGWB)in the International Pulsar Timing Array second data release.By modeling the SGWB as a power-law,we find very strong Bayesian evidence for a common...We search for isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background(SGWB)in the International Pulsar Timing Array second data release.By modeling the SGWB as a power-law,we find very strong Bayesian evidence for a common-spectrum process,and further this process has scalar transverse(ST)correlations allowed in general metric theory of gravity as the Bayes factor in favor of the ST-correlated process versus the spatially uncorrelated common-spectrum process is 30±2.The median and the 90%equal-tail amplitudes of ST mode are A_(ST)=1.29^(+0.51)_(−0.44)×10^(−15),or equivalently the energy density parameter per logarithm frequency isΩSTGW=2.31^(+2.19)_(−1.30)×10^(−9),at frequency of 1 year−1.However,we do not find any statistically significant evidence for the tensor transverse(TT)mode and then place the 95%upper limits as A_(TT)<3.95×10^(−15),or equivalentlyΩ^(TT)_(GW)<2.16×10^(−9),at frequency of 1 year^(−1).展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Congenital short bowel syndrome(SBS)associated with malrotation,gut volvulus and jejuno-ileal atresia is a very rare condition.It is a severe challenge for surgeons to preserve residual ischemic bowel segment in the management of short bowel syndrome,especially in neonates.CASE SUMMARY We report a newborn baby with gut malrotation associated with jejuno-ileal atresia,congenital SBS and jejunal volvulus.Hematemesis and abdominal distention were noted.At laparotomy,malrotation associated with jejuno-ileal atresia,congenital SBS and jenunal volvulus was confirmed.The total length of the small bowel was 63 cm with proximal jejunal bowel segment measuring 38 cm,including 18 cm necrotic segment below the Treitz’s ligament and 20 cm severe ischemic segment.The distal part of the small bowel was 25 cm in length and only about 0.8 cm in diameter.Ladd’s procedure,necrotic segment resection and end-to-back duodeno-ileal anastomosis were performed.The residual severe ischemic jejunum was preserved with single proximal stoma and distal end closure.Three months later,to restore the continuity of the isolated gut segment,end-to-end duodeno-jejunal and jejuno-ileal anastomosis was performed.The entire functional small bowel length increased to 80 cm.Intravenous fluid therapy and parenteral nutrition were discontinued on the 10th day postoperatively.Twelve months later,her body weight was 9.5 kg.CONCLUSION Isolation of severe ischemic bowel segment and staged anastomosis to restore the gut continuity for infants with SBS are safe and feasible.
基金This work was supported by the Projects[NO.20154030 and NO.(2017)5655]from the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81873020).
文摘In this study,six kinetics models of indomethacin hydrophilic gel patch transdermal in vitro release was established,including zero-level,first-order,Higuchi-level,Ritger-Peppas,Weibull and Hixcon-Crowell dynamic equations.The chemical permeation enhancers,including 3%and 5%Azone,and iontophoresis were used as the control.Transdermal diffusion tests were performed in vitro and indomethacin was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography system.The transdermal parameter of the Higuchi and Weibull dynamic equations,indicated that Fu’s cupping therapy(FCT)could significantly improve Higuchi and Weibull kinetic parameters in vitro transdermal,increased transdermal rate and permeability coefficient,reduced lagging time.Additionally,statistical analysis speculated the skin barrier function could be restored after 46 h treatment.Hence,as a new physical transdermal drug delivery technology,transdermal permeation effects produced by FCT are obvious,which has the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine and has important clinical application value.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12250010,11975019,11991052,and 12047503)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(Grant No.ZDBSLY-7009)+3 种基金the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-006)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDPB15)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12247176,and 12247112)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Fellowship(Grant No.2022M710429)。
文摘The pulsar timing array(PTA)collaborations have recently reported compelling evidence for a stochastic signal consistent with a gravitational-wave background.In this paper,we combine the latest data sets from NANOGrav,PPTA,and EPTA to explore cosmological interpretations for the PTA signal from first-order phase transitions,domain walls,and cosmic strings,respectively.We find that the domain wall model is strongly disfavored with the Bayes factors compared with the first-order phase transitions and cosmic strings being 1/90 and 1/189,respectively,breaking the degeneracy among these models in individual data set.We also find that:(1)a strong phase transition at temperatures below the electroweak scale is favored,and the bubble collisions make the dominant contribution to the energy density spectrum;(2)a small reconnection probability p<1.55×10^(-1)allowed by strings in(super)string theory is favored at the 95%confidence level,and ground-based detectors can further constrain the parameter space.
文摘Background： In recent years, the incidence of cervical cancer has been rising, particularly in young adults, as the second most common gynecological cancer in China. The aim of this study was to explore the incidence change and the epidemiological characteristics of cervical cancer in Beijing over the past 16 years. Methods： All the cases of the study were limited to Beijing residents diagnosed with cervical cancer and registered in Beij ing from January 1, 1993, to December 31,2008. A total of4100 patients with cervical cancer were obtained from the Statistics Database of Beijing Cancer Registry （BJCaR）. According to the registered data, we retrospectively reviewed all original cases which we can acquired in reported hospital. Cervical situ cancer, cervical metastatic cancer, non-Beijing residents and repeatedly registered cases were excluded. Totally, 3641 registered cases were verified correctly. Meanwhile, we also collected the following data： Age, occupation, detected methods, histological type, and staging. The trends of incidence and mortality were analyzed by Joinpoint Regression Program 4.1.1.1 produced by National Cancer Institute （NCI, USA）. The annual percent change （APC） was calculated using the Joinpoint regression model. Results： The crude rates of incidence and mortality were 10.4 and 1.0 per 100,000 women, respectively during 1993 to 2008. The average WHO age-standardized incidence rates were 11.5 per 100,000 women. There was a decrease in incidence annually by 8.0% （P = 0.3） during 1993-1906 and a rapid increase annually by 18.9% after 1999 （P 〈 0.01）. The median age was 67 years in 1993, but the median age decreased to 45 years in 2008. The peak of the age-specific incidence curve was at 40 years in the most recent period （2005-2008）, which was 25-30 years earlier than that in previous periods （1993-1996）. In the 2224 cases, the numbers of patients with stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ , Ⅲ and IV were 910 （40.9%）, 601 （27%）, 542 （24.4%）, 171 （7.7%）, respectively. The percentage of patients with stage I was 7.6% （ 13/171 ） in 1993-1996, but the percentage increased to 51.6% （643/1247） in 2005-2008 （P 〈 0.01）. Otherwise the percentage of advanced stage （stage Ill-IV） during the same period was dropped down significantly from 52.0% （89/171） to 22.5% （280/1247） （P 〈 0.01 ）. Unemployed and housewife ranked first accounting for 27.3% of the total （607/2224）. Urban low-income people such as worker ranked the second accounting for 17.0% （377/2224）, the third place was farmer accounting for 14.0% （312/2224）. Only 381 （17.1%, 381/2224） women in 2224 were first detected cervical cancer by routine screenings. Company staff（36.5%, 139/381）, professional and technical personnel （22.6%, 86/381）, national official （22.0%, 84/381） occupied the top three （total 81.1%） in the 381 patients detected cervical cancer by screening. Conclusions： The cervical cancer incidence has showed a continuous rise in Beijing since 1999. Government-led mass screening should target the low socioeconomic population primarily. Meanwhile the government should enhance public health education of cancer screening to increase the rate of screening.
文摘To the Editor:Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a histologic subtype that accounts for approximately 38% of uterine sarcomas.[1]Early and complete surgical resection of ESS is the initial treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12250010,11975019,11991052,and 12047503)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(Grant No.ZDBS-LY-7009)+3 种基金the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-006)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDPB15)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12247176,and 12247112)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Fellowship(Grant No.2022M710429)。
文摘Several pulsar timing array(PTA)collaborations,including NANOGrav,EPTA,PPTA,and CPTA,have announced the evidence for a stochastic signal consistent with a stochastic gravitational wave background(SGWB).Supermassive black hole binaries(SMBHBs)are supposed to be the most promising gravitational-wave(GW)sources for this signal.In this paper,we use the NANOGrav 15-year data set to constrain the parameter space in an astro-informed formation model for SMBHBs.Our results prefer a large turn-over eccentricity of the SMBHB orbit when GWs begin to dominate the SMBHB evolution.Furthermore,the SGWB spectrum is extrapolated to the space-borne GW detector frequency band by including inspiral-merge-cutoff phases of SMBHBs,indicating that the SGWB from SMBHBs should be detected by LISA,Taiji and Tian Qin in the near future.
基金This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China Grant No.2020YFC2201502, grants from NSFC (Grant No.11 975 019,11 991 052,12 047 503)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, CAS, Grant NO. ZDBS-LY-7009+1 种基金CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research YSBR-006the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant NO. XDPB15)。
文摘We search for isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background(SGWB)in the International Pulsar Timing Array second data release.By modeling the SGWB as a power-law,we find very strong Bayesian evidence for a common-spectrum process,and further this process has scalar transverse(ST)correlations allowed in general metric theory of gravity as the Bayes factor in favor of the ST-correlated process versus the spatially uncorrelated common-spectrum process is 30±2.The median and the 90%equal-tail amplitudes of ST mode are A_(ST)=1.29^(+0.51)_(−0.44)×10^(−15),or equivalently the energy density parameter per logarithm frequency isΩSTGW=2.31^(+2.19)_(−1.30)×10^(−9),at frequency of 1 year−1.However,we do not find any statistically significant evidence for the tensor transverse(TT)mode and then place the 95%upper limits as A_(TT)<3.95×10^(−15),or equivalentlyΩ^(TT)_(GW)<2.16×10^(−9),at frequency of 1 year^(−1).
