3D seismic data recently acquired from the Ordos Basin shows three sets of regularly distributed fault systems,which overrides previous understanding that no faults were developed in this basin.Seismic interpretation ...3D seismic data recently acquired from the Ordos Basin shows three sets of regularly distributed fault systems,which overrides previous understanding that no faults were developed in this basin.Seismic interpretation suggests that the faults in the southwestern Ordos Basin have three basic characteristics,namely extreme micro-scale,distinct vertical stratification,and regularity of planar distribution.These NS-,NW-,and NE-trending fault systems developed in the Meso-Neoproterozoic e Lower Ordovician strata.Of these,the NS-trending fault system mainly consists of consequent and antithetic faults which show clear syndepositional deformation.The fault systems in the Carboniferous e Middle-Lower Triassic strata are not clear on seismic reflection profiles.The NW-and NE-trending fault systems are developed in the Upper Triassic e Middle Jurassic strata.Of these,the NW-trending fault system appears as a negative flower structure in sectional view and in an en echelon pattern in plan-view;they show transtensional deformation.A NE-trending fault system that developed in the Lower Cretaceous e Cenozoic strata shows a Y-shaped structural style and tension-shear properties.A comprehensive analysis of the regional stress fields at different geologic times is essential to determine the development,distribution direction,and intensity of the activity of fault systems in the Ordos Basin.Current exploration suggests three aspects in which the faults within the Ordos Basin are crucial to oil and gas accumulation.Firstly,these faults serve as vertical barriers that cause the formation of two sets of relatively independent petroleum systems in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata respectively;this is the basis for the‘upper oil and lower gas’distribution pattern.Secondly,the vertical communication of these faults is favorable for oil and gas migration,thus contributing to the typical characteristics of multiple oil and gas fields within the basin,i.e.oil and gas reservoirs with multiple superimposed strata.Finally,these faults and their associated fractures improve the permeability of Mesozoic tight reservoirs,providing favorable conditions for oil enrichment in areas around the fault systems.展开更多
The paper introduces the state reduction algorithm and accelerated state reduction algorithm are used to compute the distance weight enumerator(transfer function) T[x,y] of convolutional codes.Next use computer simula...The paper introduces the state reduction algorithm and accelerated state reduction algorithm are used to compute the distance weight enumerator(transfer function) T[x,y] of convolutional codes.Next use computer simulation to compare upper bound on the bit error probability on an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) for maximum free distance (MFD) codes of previously found and optimum distance spectrum (ODS) codes with rate 1/4,overall constraint length are 5 and 7,respectively. Finally,a method of how to search for good convolutional codes is given.展开更多
Due to the limited bandwidth and transmission congestion of the vehicle platoon's communication,it is inevitable to induce time delay,which significantly degrades the control performance of the vehicle platoon,eve...Due to the limited bandwidth and transmission congestion of the vehicle platoon's communication,it is inevitable to induce time delay,which significantly degrades the control performance of the vehicle platoon,even resulting in instability.This paper focuses on analyzing the internal stability under generic communication topologies and presents a method of computing the exact time delay margin(ETDM).The proposed method can offer a necessary and sufficient internal stability condition with no conservatism.Firstly,to reduce the analytical complexity and computational burden elegantly,we decompose the closed-loop platoon dynamics into a set of individual subsystems via similarity transformation and matrix factorization.This decomposition approach is applicable for any general communication topology.Secondly,an explicit formula is deduced to compute the ETDM by surveying the characteristic roots'distribution of all these individual subsystems.It is further demonstrated that only the positive purely imaginary roots need to be considered to compute the ETDM.Finally,simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical claims.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder syndrome caused by various pathogenic factors leading to imbalance of active substance secretion and endothelial dysfunction,causing macro and micro vascular complications.As ...Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder syndrome caused by various pathogenic factors leading to imbalance of active substance secretion and endothelial dysfunction,causing macro and micro vascular complications.As the most important signal transduction molecule released by endothelium,NO participates in various physiological processes of microcirculation and plays an important role in vascular relaxation regulation.Extensive studies focus on the investigation of the analysis of NO transport in microvessels,RBC motion and its influence on NO transport since they are of extremely importance for understanding the mechanisms of vessel autoregulation and microcirculation lesion.NO transport characteristics are closely associated with hemorheology,hemodynamics and microvascular structure.Nevertheless,up to date,there are limited reports on NO transport characteristics in diabetic mellitus.The purpose of this review is to summarize the current advances in the investigation of NO transport characteristics from cellular to vascular level,which can provide effective ideas for the early diagnosis of vascular complications in diabetes.展开更多
Electron,optical,and scanning probe microscopy methods are generating ever increasing volume of image data containing information on atomic and mesoscale structures and functionalities.This necessitates the developmen...Electron,optical,and scanning probe microscopy methods are generating ever increasing volume of image data containing information on atomic and mesoscale structures and functionalities.This necessitates the development of themachine learning methods for discovery of physical and chemical phenomena from the data,such as manifestations of symmetry breaking phenomena in electron and scanning tunneling microscopy images,or variability of the nanoparticles.Variational autoencoders(VAEs)are emerging as a powerful paradigm for the unsupervised data analysis,allowing to disentangle the factors of variability and discover optimal parsimonious representation.Here,we summarize recent developments in VAEs,covering the basic principles and intuition behind the VAEs.展开更多
Optimization of experimental materials synthesis and characterization through active learning methods has been growing over the last decade,with examples ranging from measurements of diffraction on combinatorial alloy...Optimization of experimental materials synthesis and characterization through active learning methods has been growing over the last decade,with examples ranging from measurements of diffraction on combinatorial alloys at synchrotrons,to searches through chemical space with automated synthesis robots for perovskites.In virtually all cases,the target property of interest for optimization is defined a priori with the ability to shift the trajectory of the optimization based on human-identified findings during the experiment is lacking.Thus,to highlight the best of both human operators and AI-driven experiments,here we present the development of a human–AI collaborated experimental workflow,via a Bayesian optimized active recommender system(BOARS),to shape targets on the fly with human real-time feedback.Here,the human guidance overpowers AI at early iteration when prior knowledge(uncertainty)is minimal(higher),while the AI overpowers the human during later iterations to accelerate the process with the human-assessed goal.We showcase examples of this framework applied to pre-acquired piezoresponse force spectroscopy of a ferroelectric thin film,and in real-time on an atomic force microscope,with human assessment to find symmetric hysteresis loops.It is found that such features appear more affected by subsurface defects than the local domain structure.This work shows the utility of human–AI approaches for curiosity driven exploration of systems across experimental domains.展开更多
State of health(SOH)estimation is important for a lithium-ion battery(LIB)health state management system,and accurate estimation of SOH is influenced by the degree of degradation of the LIB.However,considering the com...State of health(SOH)estimation is important for a lithium-ion battery(LIB)health state management system,and accurate estimation of SOH is influenced by the degree of degradation of the LIB.However,considering the complex electrochemical reactions within Li electrons and the influence of many external factors on internal reactions,it is difficult to accurately estimate the SOH based on the surface state characteristics of the battery(including current,voltage,and temperature).Thus,in this study,the knowledge graph method is employed to analyze keyword co-occurrences and citations in the literature on LIB degradation and SOH estimation to determine research hotspots.Based on the research trends,findings regarding the internal and external degradation mechanisms and influencing factors of(LIBs)are reorganized,and chemical and physical degradation processes,including solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layer formation,fracture,Li plating,and dendrite formation,are systematically introduced based on the modeling perspective.The interrelationships between these degradation factors and their effects on capacity and power decay as well as their correlation with SOH estimation are evaluated.Additionally,a comparative analysis of existing SOH estimation methods is presented,and the applicable scenarios and technical problems of each method are summarized.The key issues such as model simplification,estimation methods based on random data,and second-life SOH are also analyzed and discussed.The results show that the estimation results of methods mixing multiple models tend to be more accurate.Finally,the development trend of SOH estimation methods under complex degradation conditions and usage scenarios is analytically discussed.展开更多
Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is one of the powerful super-resolution modalities in bioscience with the advantages of full-field imaging and high photon efficiency.However,artifact-free super-resolution image...Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is one of the powerful super-resolution modalities in bioscience with the advantages of full-field imaging and high photon efficiency.However,artifact-free super-resolution image reconstruction requires precise knowledge about the illumination parameters.The sample-and environment-dependent on-the-fly experimental parameters need to be retrieved a posteriori from the acquired data,posing a major challenge for real-time,long-term live-cell imaging,where low photobleaching,phototoxicity,and light dose are a must.In this work,we present an efficient and robust SIM algorithm based on principal component analysis(PCA-SIM).PCA-SIM is based on the observation that the ideal phasor matrix of a SIM pattern is of rank one,leading to the low complexity,precise identification of noninteger pixel wave vector and pattern phase while rejecting components that are unrelated to the parameter estimation.We demonstrate that PCA-SIM achieves non-iteratively fast,accurate(below 0.01-pixel wave vector and 0.1%of 2relative phase under typical noise level),and robust parameter estimation at low SNRs,which allows real-time super-resolution imaging of live cells in complicated experimental scenarios where other state-of-the-art methods inevitably fail.In particular,we provide the open-source MATLAB toolbox of our PCA-SIM algorithm and associated datasets.The combination of iteration-free reconstruction,robustness to noise,and limited computational complexity makes PCA-SIM a promising method for high-speed,long-term,artifact-free super-resolution imaging of live cells.展开更多
Cu-substituted Bi2Ba2Co2-xCuxOy（0.0≤x≤0.4） samples were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method and the effect of Cu substitution on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties were investigated....Cu-substituted Bi2Ba2Co2-xCuxOy（0.0≤x≤0.4） samples were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method and the effect of Cu substitution on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties were investigated.The partial substitution of Cu for Co in Bi2Ba2Co2-xCuxOy led to an increase in the electrical conductivity because of an increase in the hole concentration and grain size of sintered bodies.In addition,Cu substitution led to an increase in Seebeck coefficients while kept the thermal conductivity unchanged.The highest thermoelectric figure of merit（ZT value） was obtained in x=0.4 sample and the value was 1.5 times as large as that of Cu-free sample at 873 K.展开更多
Although small EVs(sEVs)have been used widely as biomarkers in disease diagnosis,their heterogeneity at single EV level has rarely been revealed.This is because high-resolution characterization of sEV presents a major...Although small EVs(sEVs)have been used widely as biomarkers in disease diagnosis,their heterogeneity at single EV level has rarely been revealed.This is because high-resolution characterization of sEV presents a major challenge,as their sizes are below the optical diffraction limit.Here,we report that upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)can be used for super-resolution profiling the molecular heterogeneity of sEVs.We show that Er3+-doped UCNPs has better brightness and Tm3+-doped UCNPs resulting in better resolution beyond diffraction limit.Through an orthogonal experimental design,the specific targeting of UCNPs to the tumour epitope on single EV has been cross validated,resulting in the Pearson’s R-value of 0.83 for large EVs and~65%co-localization double-positive spots for sEVs.Furthermore,super-resolution nanoscopy can distinguish adjacent UCNPs on single sEV with a resolution of as high as 41.9 nm.When decreasing the size of UCNPs from 40 to 27 nm and 18 nm,we observed that the maximum UCNPs number on single sEV increased from 3 to 9 and 21,respectively.This work suggests the great potentials of UCNPs approach“digitally”quantify the surface antigens on single EVs,therefore providing a solution to monitor the EV heterogeneity changes along with the tumour progression progress.展开更多
A simple small molecule named DICTiF was designed,synthesized and used as the acceptor for solution processed bulk-heterojunction solar cells with polymer PBDB-T as the donor.A power conversion efficiency of 7.11%was ...A simple small molecule named DICTiF was designed,synthesized and used as the acceptor for solution processed bulk-heterojunction solar cells with polymer PBDB-T as the donor.A power conversion efficiency of 7.11%was obtained.展开更多
By using the perpetual cutoff method,we prove two discrete versions of gradient estimates for bounded Laplacian on locally finite graphs with exception sets under the condition of CDE′(K,N).This generalizes a main re...By using the perpetual cutoff method,we prove two discrete versions of gradient estimates for bounded Laplacian on locally finite graphs with exception sets under the condition of CDE′(K,N).This generalizes a main result of F.Münch who considers the case of CD(K,∞)curvature.Hence,we answer a question raised by Münch.For that purpose,we characterize some basic properties of radical form of the perpetual cutoff semigroup and give a weak commutation relation between bounded LaplacianΔand perpetual cutoff semigroup P w t in our setting.展开更多
We report the development and experimental implementation of the automated experiment workflows for the identification of thebest predictive channel for a phenomenon of interest in spectroscopic measurements. The appr...We report the development and experimental implementation of the automated experiment workflows for the identification of thebest predictive channel for a phenomenon of interest in spectroscopic measurements. The approach is based on the combinationof ensembled deep kernel learning for probabilistic predictions and a basic reinforcement learning policy for channel selection. Itallows the identification of which of the available observational channels, sampled sequentially, are most predictive of selectedbehaviors, and hence have the strongest correlations. We implement this approach for multimodal imaging in piezoresponse forcemicroscopy (PFM), with the behaviors of interest manifesting in piezoresponse spectroscopy. We illustrate the best predictivechannel for polarization-voltage hysteresis loop and frequency-voltage hysteresis loop areas is amplitude in the model samples. Thesame workflow and code are applicable for any multimodal imaging and local characterization methods.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary coconut oil(CO)levels on growth,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Five iso-nit...The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary coconut oil(CO)levels on growth,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Five iso-nitrogen(45%crude protein)and iso-lipid(13%crude lipid)experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0%(the control),25%,50%,75%and 100%fish oil with coconut oil.The results showed that dietary CO had no significant effect on survival rate(SR.P>0.05).However,the specific growth rate was increased significantly when compared with the control group when fish were fed the diet with 50%CO(P<0.05).The saturated fatty acids were increased significantly with increasing dietary CO in the liver and muscle,whereas the content of n-3 PUFA was decreased significantly(P<0.05).The highest activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the liver were recorded in fish-fed diet with 50%CO;conversely,the content of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a,carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase reached the highest levels in fish-fed diet with 50%CO.To some extent,this indicated that the rapid oxidation reaction of fatty acids to provide energy may be the reason for the rapid growth of large yellow croaker.In conclusion,fish-fed diet with 50%CO increased the growth rate and antioxidant capacity.Therefore,the optimal replacement level of CO to FO in the diet should be 50%.展开更多
基金project entitled Seismic Identification and Accumulation Control of Strike-Slip Faults in Superimposed Basins inWest-central Part of China initiated by the Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting,CNPC(No.:03-02-2022).
文摘3D seismic data recently acquired from the Ordos Basin shows three sets of regularly distributed fault systems,which overrides previous understanding that no faults were developed in this basin.Seismic interpretation suggests that the faults in the southwestern Ordos Basin have three basic characteristics,namely extreme micro-scale,distinct vertical stratification,and regularity of planar distribution.These NS-,NW-,and NE-trending fault systems developed in the Meso-Neoproterozoic e Lower Ordovician strata.Of these,the NS-trending fault system mainly consists of consequent and antithetic faults which show clear syndepositional deformation.The fault systems in the Carboniferous e Middle-Lower Triassic strata are not clear on seismic reflection profiles.The NW-and NE-trending fault systems are developed in the Upper Triassic e Middle Jurassic strata.Of these,the NW-trending fault system appears as a negative flower structure in sectional view and in an en echelon pattern in plan-view;they show transtensional deformation.A NE-trending fault system that developed in the Lower Cretaceous e Cenozoic strata shows a Y-shaped structural style and tension-shear properties.A comprehensive analysis of the regional stress fields at different geologic times is essential to determine the development,distribution direction,and intensity of the activity of fault systems in the Ordos Basin.Current exploration suggests three aspects in which the faults within the Ordos Basin are crucial to oil and gas accumulation.Firstly,these faults serve as vertical barriers that cause the formation of two sets of relatively independent petroleum systems in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata respectively;this is the basis for the‘upper oil and lower gas’distribution pattern.Secondly,the vertical communication of these faults is favorable for oil and gas migration,thus contributing to the typical characteristics of multiple oil and gas fields within the basin,i.e.oil and gas reservoirs with multiple superimposed strata.Finally,these faults and their associated fractures improve the permeability of Mesozoic tight reservoirs,providing favorable conditions for oil enrichment in areas around the fault systems.
文摘The paper introduces the state reduction algorithm and accelerated state reduction algorithm are used to compute the distance weight enumerator(transfer function) T[x,y] of convolutional codes.Next use computer simulation to compare upper bound on the bit error probability on an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) for maximum free distance (MFD) codes of previously found and optimum distance spectrum (ODS) codes with rate 1/4,overall constraint length are 5 and 7,respectively. Finally,a method of how to search for good convolutional codes is given.
基金supported in by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62003054,52372406)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2023-YBGY398)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.300102320109)。
文摘Due to the limited bandwidth and transmission congestion of the vehicle platoon's communication,it is inevitable to induce time delay,which significantly degrades the control performance of the vehicle platoon,even resulting in instability.This paper focuses on analyzing the internal stability under generic communication topologies and presents a method of computing the exact time delay margin(ETDM).The proposed method can offer a necessary and sufficient internal stability condition with no conservatism.Firstly,to reduce the analytical complexity and computational burden elegantly,we decompose the closed-loop platoon dynamics into a set of individual subsystems via similarity transformation and matrix factorization.This decomposition approach is applicable for any general communication topology.Secondly,an explicit formula is deduced to compute the ETDM by surveying the characteristic roots'distribution of all these individual subsystems.It is further demonstrated that only the positive purely imaginary roots need to be considered to compute the ETDM.Finally,simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical claims.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC No 51576033,51976026)Dalian Innovative Funding of Science and Technology(No.2018J12SN076)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT20GJ203,DUT22YG206).
文摘Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder syndrome caused by various pathogenic factors leading to imbalance of active substance secretion and endothelial dysfunction,causing macro and micro vascular complications.As the most important signal transduction molecule released by endothelium,NO participates in various physiological processes of microcirculation and plays an important role in vascular relaxation regulation.Extensive studies focus on the investigation of the analysis of NO transport in microvessels,RBC motion and its influence on NO transport since they are of extremely importance for understanding the mechanisms of vessel autoregulation and microcirculation lesion.NO transport characteristics are closely associated with hemorheology,hemodynamics and microvascular structure.Nevertheless,up to date,there are limited reports on NO transport characteristics in diabetic mellitus.The purpose of this review is to summarize the current advances in the investigation of NO transport characteristics from cellular to vascular level,which can provide effective ideas for the early diagnosis of vascular complications in diabetes.
基金supported by the US Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences,as part of the Energy Frontier Research Centers program:CSSAS-The Center for the Science of Synthesis Across Scales-under Award No.DE-SC0019288,located at University of Washington,DCAdditional support for ongoing pyroVED software development came from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory(PNNL),a multiprogram national laboratory operated by Battelle for the U.S.Department of Energysupported by the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences(CNMS),which is aUS Department of Energy,Office of Science User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL).
文摘Electron,optical,and scanning probe microscopy methods are generating ever increasing volume of image data containing information on atomic and mesoscale structures and functionalities.This necessitates the development of themachine learning methods for discovery of physical and chemical phenomena from the data,such as manifestations of symmetry breaking phenomena in electron and scanning tunneling microscopy images,or variability of the nanoparticles.Variational autoencoders(VAEs)are emerging as a powerful paradigm for the unsupervised data analysis,allowing to disentangle the factors of variability and discover optimal parsimonious representation.Here,we summarize recent developments in VAEs,covering the basic principles and intuition behind the VAEs.
基金supported by the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences(CNMS),which is a US Department of Energy,Office of Science User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratorysupported by the US Department of Energy,Office of Science,Office of Basic Energy Sciences,MLExchange Project,award number 107514+1 种基金supported by the center for 3D Ferroelectric Microelectronics(3DFeM),an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.Department of Energy(DOE),Office of Science,Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0021118the National Science and Technology Council(NSTC),Taiwan,under grant no.NSTC-111-2628-M-006-005.
文摘Optimization of experimental materials synthesis and characterization through active learning methods has been growing over the last decade,with examples ranging from measurements of diffraction on combinatorial alloys at synchrotrons,to searches through chemical space with automated synthesis robots for perovskites.In virtually all cases,the target property of interest for optimization is defined a priori with the ability to shift the trajectory of the optimization based on human-identified findings during the experiment is lacking.Thus,to highlight the best of both human operators and AI-driven experiments,here we present the development of a human–AI collaborated experimental workflow,via a Bayesian optimized active recommender system(BOARS),to shape targets on the fly with human real-time feedback.Here,the human guidance overpowers AI at early iteration when prior knowledge(uncertainty)is minimal(higher),while the AI overpowers the human during later iterations to accelerate the process with the human-assessed goal.We showcase examples of this framework applied to pre-acquired piezoresponse force spectroscopy of a ferroelectric thin film,and in real-time on an atomic force microscope,with human assessment to find symmetric hysteresis loops.It is found that such features appear more affected by subsurface defects than the local domain structure.This work shows the utility of human–AI approaches for curiosity driven exploration of systems across experimental domains.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFE0192900)the Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of Ministry of Education(18YJCZH110)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Grant No.2023-JC-QN-0664)the Third Batch of Youth Joint Scientific Research Team Construction Project of Zhejiang Institute of Communications(2022QNLH05)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.300102222113,00102223204)。
文摘State of health(SOH)estimation is important for a lithium-ion battery(LIB)health state management system,and accurate estimation of SOH is influenced by the degree of degradation of the LIB.However,considering the complex electrochemical reactions within Li electrons and the influence of many external factors on internal reactions,it is difficult to accurately estimate the SOH based on the surface state characteristics of the battery(including current,voltage,and temperature).Thus,in this study,the knowledge graph method is employed to analyze keyword co-occurrences and citations in the literature on LIB degradation and SOH estimation to determine research hotspots.Based on the research trends,findings regarding the internal and external degradation mechanisms and influencing factors of(LIBs)are reorganized,and chemical and physical degradation processes,including solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layer formation,fracture,Li plating,and dendrite formation,are systematically introduced based on the modeling perspective.The interrelationships between these degradation factors and their effects on capacity and power decay as well as their correlation with SOH estimation are evaluated.Additionally,a comparative analysis of existing SOH estimation methods is presented,and the applicable scenarios and technical problems of each method are summarized.The key issues such as model simplification,estimation methods based on random data,and second-life SOH are also analyzed and discussed.The results show that the estimation results of methods mixing multiple models tend to be more accurate.Finally,the development trend of SOH estimation methods under complex degradation conditions and usage scenarios is analytically discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61905115,62105151,62175109,U21B2033)Leading Technology of Jiangsu Basic Research Plan(BK20192003)+2 种基金Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190445,BK20210338)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(30920032101)Open Research Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging&Intelligent Sense(JSGP202105).
文摘Structured illumination microscopy(SIM)is one of the powerful super-resolution modalities in bioscience with the advantages of full-field imaging and high photon efficiency.However,artifact-free super-resolution image reconstruction requires precise knowledge about the illumination parameters.The sample-and environment-dependent on-the-fly experimental parameters need to be retrieved a posteriori from the acquired data,posing a major challenge for real-time,long-term live-cell imaging,where low photobleaching,phototoxicity,and light dose are a must.In this work,we present an efficient and robust SIM algorithm based on principal component analysis(PCA-SIM).PCA-SIM is based on the observation that the ideal phasor matrix of a SIM pattern is of rank one,leading to the low complexity,precise identification of noninteger pixel wave vector and pattern phase while rejecting components that are unrelated to the parameter estimation.We demonstrate that PCA-SIM achieves non-iteratively fast,accurate(below 0.01-pixel wave vector and 0.1%of 2relative phase under typical noise level),and robust parameter estimation at low SNRs,which allows real-time super-resolution imaging of live cells in complicated experimental scenarios where other state-of-the-art methods inevitably fail.In particular,we provide the open-source MATLAB toolbox of our PCA-SIM algorithm and associated datasets.The combination of iteration-free reconstruction,robustness to noise,and limited computational complexity makes PCA-SIM a promising method for high-speed,long-term,artifact-free super-resolution imaging of live cells.
基金supported by the Foundation for University Key Teacher of Henan Province,China(No. 2008136)the Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in Henan Institute of Engineering(No.2009IRTHNIE05)
文摘Cu-substituted Bi2Ba2Co2-xCuxOy（0.0≤x≤0.4） samples were prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method and the effect of Cu substitution on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties were investigated.The partial substitution of Cu for Co in Bi2Ba2Co2-xCuxOy led to an increase in the electrical conductivity because of an increase in the hole concentration and grain size of sintered bodies.In addition,Cu substitution led to an increase in Seebeck coefficients while kept the thermal conductivity unchanged.The highest thermoelectric figure of merit（ZT value） was obtained in x=0.4 sample and the value was 1.5 times as large as that of Cu-free sample at 873 K.
基金Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(KQTD20170810110913065,20200925174735005)Australia China Science and Research Fund Joint Research Centre for Point-of-Care Testing(ACSRF658277,SQ2017YFGH001190)ARC Laureate Fellowship Program(D.J.,FL210100180)。
文摘Although small EVs(sEVs)have been used widely as biomarkers in disease diagnosis,their heterogeneity at single EV level has rarely been revealed.This is because high-resolution characterization of sEV presents a major challenge,as their sizes are below the optical diffraction limit.Here,we report that upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)can be used for super-resolution profiling the molecular heterogeneity of sEVs.We show that Er3+-doped UCNPs has better brightness and Tm3+-doped UCNPs resulting in better resolution beyond diffraction limit.Through an orthogonal experimental design,the specific targeting of UCNPs to the tumour epitope on single EV has been cross validated,resulting in the Pearson’s R-value of 0.83 for large EVs and~65%co-localization double-positive spots for sEVs.Furthermore,super-resolution nanoscopy can distinguish adjacent UCNPs on single sEV with a resolution of as high as 41.9 nm.When decreasing the size of UCNPs from 40 to 27 nm and 18 nm,we observed that the maximum UCNPs number on single sEV increased from 3 to 9 and 21,respectively.This work suggests the great potentials of UCNPs approach“digitally”quantify the surface antigens on single EVs,therefore providing a solution to monitor the EV heterogeneity changes along with the tumour progression progress.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(2014CB643502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21404060,51373078,51422304,91433101)+1 种基金Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team(IRT1257)Tianjincity(13RCGFGX01121,14JCQNJC03800)
文摘A simple small molecule named DICTiF was designed,synthesized and used as the acceptor for solution processed bulk-heterojunction solar cells with polymer PBDB-T as the donor.A power conversion efficiency of 7.11%was obtained.
文摘By using the perpetual cutoff method,we prove two discrete versions of gradient estimates for bounded Laplacian on locally finite graphs with exception sets under the condition of CDE′(K,N).This generalizes a main result of F.Münch who considers the case of CD(K,∞)curvature.Hence,we answer a question raised by Münch.For that purpose,we characterize some basic properties of radical form of the perpetual cutoff semigroup and give a weak commutation relation between bounded LaplacianΔand perpetual cutoff semigroup P w t in our setting.
基金This effort(implementation in SPM,measurement,data analysis)was primarily supported by the center for 3D Ferroelectric Microelectronics(3DFeM),an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S.Department of Energy(DOE),Office of Science,Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number DE-SC0021118This research(ensemble-DKL)was supported by the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences(CNMS),which is a US Department of Energy,Office of Science User Facility at Oak Ridge National LaboratoryThis work was also supported by MEXT Program:Data Creation and Utilization Type Material Research and Development Project Grant Number JPMXP1122683430.
文摘We report the development and experimental implementation of the automated experiment workflows for the identification of thebest predictive channel for a phenomenon of interest in spectroscopic measurements. The approach is based on the combinationof ensembled deep kernel learning for probabilistic predictions and a basic reinforcement learning policy for channel selection. Itallows the identification of which of the available observational channels, sampled sequentially, are most predictive of selectedbehaviors, and hence have the strongest correlations. We implement this approach for multimodal imaging in piezoresponse forcemicroscopy (PFM), with the behaviors of interest manifesting in piezoresponse spectroscopy. We illustrate the best predictivechannel for polarization-voltage hysteresis loop and frequency-voltage hysteresis loop areas is amplitude in the model samples. Thesame workflow and code are applicable for any multimodal imaging and local characterization methods.
基金Acknowledgments This research was supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China[grant number:31525024]the China Agriculture Research System[Grant number:CARS47-11]+2 种基金Aoshan Talents Program Sup ported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology[Grant number:2O15ASTP]Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant number:318301031]Scientific and Technological Innovation of Blue Granary[Grant number:2018YFD0900402].
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary coconut oil(CO)levels on growth,antioxidant capacity and lipid metabolism of juvenile large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea).Five iso-nitrogen(45%crude protein)and iso-lipid(13%crude lipid)experimental diets were prepared by replacing 0%(the control),25%,50%,75%and 100%fish oil with coconut oil.The results showed that dietary CO had no significant effect on survival rate(SR.P>0.05).However,the specific growth rate was increased significantly when compared with the control group when fish were fed the diet with 50%CO(P<0.05).The saturated fatty acids were increased significantly with increasing dietary CO in the liver and muscle,whereas the content of n-3 PUFA was decreased significantly(P<0.05).The highest activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in the liver were recorded in fish-fed diet with 50%CO;conversely,the content of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a,carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase reached the highest levels in fish-fed diet with 50%CO.To some extent,this indicated that the rapid oxidation reaction of fatty acids to provide energy may be the reason for the rapid growth of large yellow croaker.In conclusion,fish-fed diet with 50%CO increased the growth rate and antioxidant capacity.Therefore,the optimal replacement level of CO to FO in the diet should be 50%.
