Background:Despite rapid advances in the treatment of prostate cancer(PCa),the optimal treatment for elderly patients with PCa remains unclear due to a lack of high-quality evidence.This study aimed to evaluate whethe...Background:Despite rapid advances in the treatment of prostate cancer(PCa),the optimal treatment for elderly patients with PCa remains unclear due to a lack of high-quality evidence.This study aimed to evaluate whether surgical procedures are beneficial for PCa patients aged 75 years and older and compare the effects of focal ablation and prostatectomy.Methods:Male patients aged 75 years and older who were diagnosed with Tis-T2/N0/M0 PCa between 2000 and 2017 were retrospectively identified from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results program database.Cox regression models were used to test for statistical differences between the overall survival(OS)and disease-specific survival(DSS).Results:A total of 114,506 patients aged 75 years and older with PCa were included in this study,among which 60,131 died during the study period.The most prevalent surgical procedure for these patients was focal ablation.The local excision rate increased with advancing age,while the prostatectomy rate decreased sharply with age.The proportion of the elderly patients who underwent a focal ablation also increased with the age at diagnosis.The survival rate of patients aged 75 years and older who underwent a focal ablation was significantly worse than that for those who did not undergo any surgical procedures(OS:HR,1.32,P<0.001;DSS:HR,1.58,P<0.001).Although only a few of the patients underwent prostatectomy,the procedure was still related to improved OS and DSS(OS:HR,0.60,P<0.001;DSS:HR,0.37,P<0.001)rates.Conclusions:Focal ablation has gradually replaced prostatectomy as the most common surgical procedure for elderly patients with PCa in the United States.However,our results revealed that the procedure might not provide benefits for elderly patients with PCa;instead,we found that focal ablation resulted in increased negative effects on patient prognoses.Elderly patients should have the same opportunity to be treated with standard surgical interventions as younger patients.展开更多
Mitochondria,with their intricate networks of functions and information processing,are pivotal in both health regulation and disease progression.Particularly,mitochondrial dysfunctions are identified in many common pa...Mitochondria,with their intricate networks of functions and information processing,are pivotal in both health regulation and disease progression.Particularly,mitochondrial dysfunctions are identified in many common pathologies,including cardiovascular diseases,neurodegeneration,metabolic syndrome,and cancer.However,the multifaceted nature and elusive phenotypic threshold of mitochondrial dysfunction complicate our understanding of their contributions to diseases.Nonetheless,these complexities do not prevent mitochondria from being among the most important therapeutic targets.In recent years,strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have continuously emerged and transitioned to clinical trials.Advanced intervention such as using healthy mitochondria to replenish or replace damaged mitochondria,has shown promise in preclinical trials of various diseases.Mitochondrial components,including mtDNA,mitochondria-located microRNA,and associated proteins can be potential therapeutic agents to augment mitochondrial function in immunometabolic diseases and tissue injuries.Here,we review current knowledge of mitochondrial pathophysiology in concrete examples of common diseases.We also summarize current strategies to treat mitochondrial dysfunction from the perspective of dietary supplements and targeted therapies,as well as the clinical translational situation of related pharmacology agents.Finally,this review discusses the innovations and potential applications of mitochondrial transplantation as an advanced and promising treatment.展开更多
目的探讨在加速康复外科多学科协作模式下术前预康复对膝关节置换术后早期功能恢复效果的影响。方法回顾性分析2019年9月至2021年12月在晋江市医院骨科接受全膝关节置换术患者51例的临床资料,将51例患者中按术前是否采用术前预康复分为...目的探讨在加速康复外科多学科协作模式下术前预康复对膝关节置换术后早期功能恢复效果的影响。方法回顾性分析2019年9月至2021年12月在晋江市医院骨科接受全膝关节置换术患者51例的临床资料,将51例患者中按术前是否采用术前预康复分为观察组(24例)和对照组(27例),在行膝关节置换术前进行预康复的设为观察组,术前未进行预康复的设为对照组。观察组在办理入院手续后,前往康复门诊进行康复评估,并在同一个康复师指导下行个性化康复训练,后续手术后康复师跟进术后康复。对照组则无术前预康复,术后康复师及时介入康复,康复师在术后2 d和5 d分别对患者进行康复评分(HSS评分、运动疼痛目测类比评分等)。主要观察指标:患者术后2 d、5 d膝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM);术后2 d、5 d膝关节功能评价表(hospital for special surgery knee score,HSS);术后5 d运动疼痛目测类比评分(visual analogous scale,VAS);术后至出院天数;术后并发症发生率;术后康复科门诊回访情况等。结果观察组与对照组术后2 d ROM评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后5 d ROM评分差异有统计学意义[(100.08±7.75)分比(88.44±16.09)分,t=3.34,P=0.002];术后2 d两组HSS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后5 d两组HSS评分差异有统计学意义[(62.84±5.78)分比(57.09±6.53)分,t=3.31,P=0.002];术后5 d两组VAS(运动时)评分差异有统计学意义[(3.42±1.02)分比(5.37±1.15)分,t=-6.39,P<0.001];两组术后至出院天数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后康复科门诊回访情况差异有统计学意义[(7/17)比(1/26),χ^(2)=4.45,P=0.035]。结论加速康复外科多学科协作模式下术前预康复有助于提高全膝关节置换术患者的早期功能水平,降低术后康复疼痛感,提高患者术后康复依从性,提升患者对手术的满意度。展开更多
Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening) is one of the most serious quarantine diseases of citrus worldwide. To monitor in real-time, recognize diseased trees, and efficiently prevent and control HLB disease in citrus, it...Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening) is one of the most serious quarantine diseases of citrus worldwide. To monitor in real-time, recognize diseased trees, and efficiently prevent and control HLB disease in citrus, it is necessary to develop a rapid diagnostic method to detect HLB infected plants without symptoms. This study used Newhall navel orange plants as the research subject, and collected normal color leaf samples and chlorotic leaf samples from a healthy orchard and an HLB-infected orchard, respectively. First, hyperspectral data of the upper and lower leaf surfaces were obtained, and then the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the HLB bacterium in each leaf. The PCR test results showed that all samples from the healthy orchard were negative, and a portion of the samples from the infected orchard were positive. According to these results, the leaf samples from the orchards were divided into disease-free leaves and HLB-positive leaves, and the least squares support vector machine recognition model was established based on the leaf hyperspectral reflectance. The effect on the model of the spectra obtained from the upper and lower leaf surfaces was investigated and different pretreatment methods were compared and analyzed. It was observed that the HLB recognition rate values of the calibration and validation sets based on upper leaf surface spectra under 9-point smoothing pretreatment were 100% and 92.5%, respectively. The recognition rate values based on lower leaf surface spectra under the second-order derivative pretreatment were also 100% and 92.5%, respectively. Both upper and lower leaf surface spectra were available for recognition of HLB-infected leaves, and the HLB PCR-positive leaves could be distinguished from the healthy by the hyperspectral modeling analysis. The results of this study show that early and nondestructive detection of HLBinfected leaves without symptoms is possible, which provides a basis for the hyperspectral diagnosis of citrus with HLB.展开更多
The accuracy of detecting the chlorophyll content in the canopy and leaves of citrus plants based on sensors with different scales and prediction models was investigated for the establishment of an easy and highly-eff...The accuracy of detecting the chlorophyll content in the canopy and leaves of citrus plants based on sensors with different scales and prediction models was investigated for the establishment of an easy and highly-efficient real-time nutrition diagnosis technology in citrus orchards.The fluorescent values of leaves and canopy based on the Multiplex 3.6 sensor,canopy hyperspectral reflectance data based on the FieldSpec4 radiometer and spectral reflectance based on low-altitude multispectral remote sensing were collected from leaves of Shatang mandarin and then analyzed.Additionally,the associations of the leaf SPAD(soil and plant analyzer development)value with the ratio vegetation index(RVI)and normalized differential vegetation index(NDVI)were analyzed.The leaf SPAD value predictive model was established by means of univariate and multiple linear regressions and the partial least squares method.Variable distribution maps of the relative canopy chlorophyll content based on spectral reflectance in the orchard were automatically created.The results showed that the correlations of the SPAD values obtained from the Multiplex 3.6 sensor,FieldSpec4 radiometer and low-altitude multispectral remote sensing were highly significant.The measures of goodness of fit of the predictive models were R^(2)=0.7063,RMSECV=3.7892,RE=5.96%,and RMSEP=3.7760 based on RVI_((570/800)) and R^(2)=0.7343,RMSECV=3.6535,RE=5.49%,and RMSEP=3.3578 based on NDVI[(570,800)(570,950)(700,840)].The technique to create spatial distribution maps of the relative canopy chlorophyll content in the orchard was established based on sensor information that directly reflected the chlorophyll content of the plants in different parts of the orchard,which in turn provides evidence for implementation of orchard productivity evaluation and precision in fertilization management.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Key Scientific Instrument Development Project(81927807)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB1303100).
文摘Background:Despite rapid advances in the treatment of prostate cancer(PCa),the optimal treatment for elderly patients with PCa remains unclear due to a lack of high-quality evidence.This study aimed to evaluate whether surgical procedures are beneficial for PCa patients aged 75 years and older and compare the effects of focal ablation and prostatectomy.Methods:Male patients aged 75 years and older who were diagnosed with Tis-T2/N0/M0 PCa between 2000 and 2017 were retrospectively identified from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results program database.Cox regression models were used to test for statistical differences between the overall survival(OS)and disease-specific survival(DSS).Results:A total of 114,506 patients aged 75 years and older with PCa were included in this study,among which 60,131 died during the study period.The most prevalent surgical procedure for these patients was focal ablation.The local excision rate increased with advancing age,while the prostatectomy rate decreased sharply with age.The proportion of the elderly patients who underwent a focal ablation also increased with the age at diagnosis.The survival rate of patients aged 75 years and older who underwent a focal ablation was significantly worse than that for those who did not undergo any surgical procedures(OS:HR,1.32,P<0.001;DSS:HR,1.58,P<0.001).Although only a few of the patients underwent prostatectomy,the procedure was still related to improved OS and DSS(OS:HR,0.60,P<0.001;DSS:HR,0.37,P<0.001)rates.Conclusions:Focal ablation has gradually replaced prostatectomy as the most common surgical procedure for elderly patients with PCa in the United States.However,our results revealed that the procedure might not provide benefits for elderly patients with PCa;instead,we found that focal ablation resulted in increased negative effects on patient prognoses.Elderly patients should have the same opportunity to be treated with standard surgical interventions as younger patients.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82002339 to Junjie Gao)Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Degeneration and Regeneration in Skeletal System(BJ1-9000-22-4002).
文摘Mitochondria,with their intricate networks of functions and information processing,are pivotal in both health regulation and disease progression.Particularly,mitochondrial dysfunctions are identified in many common pathologies,including cardiovascular diseases,neurodegeneration,metabolic syndrome,and cancer.However,the multifaceted nature and elusive phenotypic threshold of mitochondrial dysfunction complicate our understanding of their contributions to diseases.Nonetheless,these complexities do not prevent mitochondria from being among the most important therapeutic targets.In recent years,strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction have continuously emerged and transitioned to clinical trials.Advanced intervention such as using healthy mitochondria to replenish or replace damaged mitochondria,has shown promise in preclinical trials of various diseases.Mitochondrial components,including mtDNA,mitochondria-located microRNA,and associated proteins can be potential therapeutic agents to augment mitochondrial function in immunometabolic diseases and tissue injuries.Here,we review current knowledge of mitochondrial pathophysiology in concrete examples of common diseases.We also summarize current strategies to treat mitochondrial dysfunction from the perspective of dietary supplements and targeted therapies,as well as the clinical translational situation of related pharmacology agents.Finally,this review discusses the innovations and potential applications of mitochondrial transplantation as an advanced and promising treatment.
文摘目的探讨在加速康复外科多学科协作模式下术前预康复对膝关节置换术后早期功能恢复效果的影响。方法回顾性分析2019年9月至2021年12月在晋江市医院骨科接受全膝关节置换术患者51例的临床资料,将51例患者中按术前是否采用术前预康复分为观察组(24例)和对照组(27例),在行膝关节置换术前进行预康复的设为观察组,术前未进行预康复的设为对照组。观察组在办理入院手续后,前往康复门诊进行康复评估,并在同一个康复师指导下行个性化康复训练,后续手术后康复师跟进术后康复。对照组则无术前预康复,术后康复师及时介入康复,康复师在术后2 d和5 d分别对患者进行康复评分(HSS评分、运动疼痛目测类比评分等)。主要观察指标:患者术后2 d、5 d膝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM);术后2 d、5 d膝关节功能评价表(hospital for special surgery knee score,HSS);术后5 d运动疼痛目测类比评分(visual analogous scale,VAS);术后至出院天数;术后并发症发生率;术后康复科门诊回访情况等。结果观察组与对照组术后2 d ROM评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后5 d ROM评分差异有统计学意义[(100.08±7.75)分比(88.44±16.09)分,t=3.34,P=0.002];术后2 d两组HSS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后5 d两组HSS评分差异有统计学意义[(62.84±5.78)分比(57.09±6.53)分,t=3.31,P=0.002];术后5 d两组VAS(运动时)评分差异有统计学意义[(3.42±1.02)分比(5.37±1.15)分,t=-6.39,P<0.001];两组术后至出院天数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组术后康复科门诊回访情况差异有统计学意义[(7/17)比(1/26),χ^(2)=4.45,P=0.035]。结论加速康复外科多学科协作模式下术前预康复有助于提高全膝关节置换术患者的早期功能水平,降低术后康复疼痛感,提高患者术后康复依从性,提升患者对手术的满意度。
基金supported by the 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of the Southern Mountain Orchard Intelligent Management Technology and Equipment of Jiangxi Province(Jiangxi Finance Instruction No.156 [2014])the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0200703)
文摘Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening) is one of the most serious quarantine diseases of citrus worldwide. To monitor in real-time, recognize diseased trees, and efficiently prevent and control HLB disease in citrus, it is necessary to develop a rapid diagnostic method to detect HLB infected plants without symptoms. This study used Newhall navel orange plants as the research subject, and collected normal color leaf samples and chlorotic leaf samples from a healthy orchard and an HLB-infected orchard, respectively. First, hyperspectral data of the upper and lower leaf surfaces were obtained, and then the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the HLB bacterium in each leaf. The PCR test results showed that all samples from the healthy orchard were negative, and a portion of the samples from the infected orchard were positive. According to these results, the leaf samples from the orchards were divided into disease-free leaves and HLB-positive leaves, and the least squares support vector machine recognition model was established based on the leaf hyperspectral reflectance. The effect on the model of the spectra obtained from the upper and lower leaf surfaces was investigated and different pretreatment methods were compared and analyzed. It was observed that the HLB recognition rate values of the calibration and validation sets based on upper leaf surface spectra under 9-point smoothing pretreatment were 100% and 92.5%, respectively. The recognition rate values based on lower leaf surface spectra under the second-order derivative pretreatment were also 100% and 92.5%, respectively. Both upper and lower leaf surface spectra were available for recognition of HLB-infected leaves, and the HLB PCR-positive leaves could be distinguished from the healthy by the hyperspectral modeling analysis. The results of this study show that early and nondestructive detection of HLBinfected leaves without symptoms is possible, which provides a basis for the hyperspectral diagnosis of citrus with HLB.
基金supported by the China National Key Research and Development Project(2016YFD0200703)the China National Science&Technology Support Program(2014BAD16B0103)+1 种基金the China Chongqing Science&Technology Support&Demonstration Project(CSTC2014fazktpt80015)the Jiangxi Province 2011 Collaborative Innovation Special Funds“Co-Innovation Center of the South China Mountain Orchard Intelligent Management Technology and Equipment”(Jiangxi Finance Refers to[2014]No.156).
文摘The accuracy of detecting the chlorophyll content in the canopy and leaves of citrus plants based on sensors with different scales and prediction models was investigated for the establishment of an easy and highly-efficient real-time nutrition diagnosis technology in citrus orchards.The fluorescent values of leaves and canopy based on the Multiplex 3.6 sensor,canopy hyperspectral reflectance data based on the FieldSpec4 radiometer and spectral reflectance based on low-altitude multispectral remote sensing were collected from leaves of Shatang mandarin and then analyzed.Additionally,the associations of the leaf SPAD(soil and plant analyzer development)value with the ratio vegetation index(RVI)and normalized differential vegetation index(NDVI)were analyzed.The leaf SPAD value predictive model was established by means of univariate and multiple linear regressions and the partial least squares method.Variable distribution maps of the relative canopy chlorophyll content based on spectral reflectance in the orchard were automatically created.The results showed that the correlations of the SPAD values obtained from the Multiplex 3.6 sensor,FieldSpec4 radiometer and low-altitude multispectral remote sensing were highly significant.The measures of goodness of fit of the predictive models were R^(2)=0.7063,RMSECV=3.7892,RE=5.96%,and RMSEP=3.7760 based on RVI_((570/800)) and R^(2)=0.7343,RMSECV=3.6535,RE=5.49%,and RMSEP=3.3578 based on NDVI[(570,800)(570,950)(700,840)].The technique to create spatial distribution maps of the relative canopy chlorophyll content in the orchard was established based on sensor information that directly reflected the chlorophyll content of the plants in different parts of the orchard,which in turn provides evidence for implementation of orchard productivity evaluation and precision in fertilization management.
