Lift cycle assessment(LCA)methodology was applied to evaluating and comparing two waste acid disposal processes in zinc smelting.The results indicate that environmental impacts of gas−liquid vulcanization technologies...Lift cycle assessment(LCA)methodology was applied to evaluating and comparing two waste acid disposal processes in zinc smelting.The results indicate that environmental impacts of gas−liquid vulcanization technologies are human toxicity,abiotic depletion potential,and global warming risk,which are mainly caused in neutralizing−evaporating−crystallization unit and electrodialysis unit.As for traditional lime neutralization method,vulcanization unit is the main factor.In this regard,the total environmental impact of traditional lime neutralization method is much higher than that of gas−liquid vulcanization technologies.Furthermore,the sensitive analysis shows that electricity and sodium sulfide(60%)are sensitive factors in two waste acid disposal technologies.In addition,the total cost of disposing a functional unit waste acid in traditional lime neutralization process is nearly 27 times that of the gas−liquid vulcanization waste acid disposal technologies.展开更多
In this study, double-walled carbon nanotubes （DWCNTs） in ethylene glycol （EG） and N,N-dimethyl- formamide （DMF） media were investigated by a simple ultrasonication method. Homogeneously dispersed and highly con...In this study, double-walled carbon nanotubes （DWCNTs） in ethylene glycol （EG） and N,N-dimethyl- formamide （DMF） media were investigated by a simple ultrasonication method. Homogeneously dispersed and highly concentrated DWCNTs are in EG （95 vol%） and DMF （5 vol%） media without the addition of surfactant. Surface structure and crystallinity of DWCNTs undergo minimal change. The highly concentrated dispersion state of DWCNTs helps in Pt loading. Pt particles prepared in the homogenous dispersion system have small sizes and are uniformly distributed. The prepared Pt catalysts display a similar electrochemical activity to catalysts pre- pared in EG system with low concentration. The results demonstrate that homogenously dispersed and highly concentrated DWCNTs can realize mass production of Pt/ DWCNT catalysts with high electrochemical activity and low cost.展开更多
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2018YFC1903304,2019YFC1907405)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51904354).
文摘Lift cycle assessment(LCA)methodology was applied to evaluating and comparing two waste acid disposal processes in zinc smelting.The results indicate that environmental impacts of gas−liquid vulcanization technologies are human toxicity,abiotic depletion potential,and global warming risk,which are mainly caused in neutralizing−evaporating−crystallization unit and electrodialysis unit.As for traditional lime neutralization method,vulcanization unit is the main factor.In this regard,the total environmental impact of traditional lime neutralization method is much higher than that of gas−liquid vulcanization technologies.Furthermore,the sensitive analysis shows that electricity and sodium sulfide(60%)are sensitive factors in two waste acid disposal technologies.In addition,the total cost of disposing a functional unit waste acid in traditional lime neutralization process is nearly 27 times that of the gas−liquid vulcanization waste acid disposal technologies.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51202095 and 51264010)the Open Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves(No.K201218)+1 种基金the Department of Educational,Science and Technology,and Human Resources and Social Security of Jiangxi Province(Nos.GJJ12366,20122BAB216013,20121BBE50027,and [2012]195)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2012M511458)
文摘In this study, double-walled carbon nanotubes （DWCNTs） in ethylene glycol （EG） and N,N-dimethyl- formamide （DMF） media were investigated by a simple ultrasonication method. Homogeneously dispersed and highly concentrated DWCNTs are in EG （95 vol%） and DMF （5 vol%） media without the addition of surfactant. Surface structure and crystallinity of DWCNTs undergo minimal change. The highly concentrated dispersion state of DWCNTs helps in Pt loading. Pt particles prepared in the homogenous dispersion system have small sizes and are uniformly distributed. The prepared Pt catalysts display a similar electrochemical activity to catalysts pre- pared in EG system with low concentration. The results demonstrate that homogenously dispersed and highly concentrated DWCNTs can realize mass production of Pt/ DWCNT catalysts with high electrochemical activity and low cost.
