The effects of two different drying methods,namely hot-air drying and freeze drying,on the phenolic profiles,antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two main Chinese bayberry cultivars(’Biqi’or...The effects of two different drying methods,namely hot-air drying and freeze drying,on the phenolic profiles,antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two main Chinese bayberry cultivars(’Biqi’or’BQ’and’Dongkui’or’DK’)were evaluated.The results showed that’BQ’bayberry provided higher total phenolic(TPC),total flavonoid(TFC)and total anthocyanin(TAC)contents than’DK’bayberry after the same drying method,while its antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities were highly affected by drying method.Freeze-dried samples possessed significantly higher TPC,TFC and TAC,and exhibited more potent antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities than hot-air dried ones(P<0.05).Freeze-dried’DK’bayberry exhibited similar antioxidant activities and a-amylase inhibitory activity,but higher a-glucosidase inhibition than freeze-dried’BQ’bayberry(P<0.05).Compared with hot-air dried samples,freeze-dried samples had significantly higher contents of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,myricitin-3-O-rhamnoside,quercetin-3-O-galactoside,quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside,which had been proved to be the main contributors to the in vitro hypoglycemic activities of bayberry pulp extract.All these results demonstrate that freeze drying is more suitable for the preservation of phenolic components in the pulp extract of Chinese bayberry,and the pulp extract of freeze-dried’DK’could be applied as a potential hypoglycemic food additive.展开更多
The flexible superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)porous material was prepared by heat-induced phase separation method with two cooling steps.The influence of the preparation process on the microstructure o...The flexible superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)porous material was prepared by heat-induced phase separation method with two cooling steps.The influence of the preparation process on the microstructure of the material was discussed in depth.The microstructure,hydrophobicity and specific surface area of porous TPU materials were analyzed in detail.The surface wettability,separation selectivity,saturated adsorption capacity and adsorption rate,mechanical properties,environmental adaptability and cyclic properties of porous TPU materials were studied.The results show that the TPU-8%porous monolithic material prepared by heat-induced phase separation method shows good performance when the polymer concentration is 8%,the phase separation temperature is 0℃,the phase separation time is 30min,and the mixing solvent ratio is 9:1.展开更多
Early diagnosis and treatment of cancer requires the development of tools that are both sensitive and selective in detecting spermine.In this study,we presented a"supramolecular cyclization-induced emission enhan...Early diagnosis and treatment of cancer requires the development of tools that are both sensitive and selective in detecting spermine.In this study,we presented a"supramolecular cyclization-induced emission enhancement"strategy for the sensitive and selective detection of spermine.A new pillar[5]arene probe(P1)demonstrated excellent solution/solid dual-state emission properties,and the addition of certain spermine(Spm)resulted in fluorescence enhancement due to the synergy of multiple weak interactions that restricted the free motion of P1 in the P1⊃Spm complex.This mechanism was further confirmed by time-resolved spectroscopy,DFT calculations,and IGM analysis.With its low limit of detection and high selectivity,P1 is a promising tool for measuring spermine in artificial urine samples.展开更多
With progression of the digital age, the complexity of software continues to grow. AS a result, methods to quantitatively assess characteristics of software have attracted significant atten- tion. These efforts have l...With progression of the digital age, the complexity of software continues to grow. AS a result, methods to quantitatively assess characteristics of software have attracted significant atten- tion. These efforts have led to a large number of new measures such as coupling metrics, many of which seek to consider the impact of correlations between components and failures on ap- plication reliability. However, most of these approaches set the coupling parameters arbitrarily by making assumptions instead of utilizing experimental data and therefore may not accurately capture actual coupling between components of software applica- tion. Since the coupling matrix is often set arbitrarily, the existing approaches to assess software reliability considering component correlation fail to reflect the real degree of interaction and rela- tionships among software components. This paper presents an efficient approach to assess the software reliability considering Correlated component failures, incorporating software architec- ture while considering actual internal coupling of software with an efficient approach based on multivariate Bernoulli （MVB） distribu- tion. The unified framework for software Coupling measurement is＇ informed by a comprehensive survey of frameworks for object- oriented and procedure-oriented software. This framework enables the extraction of more accurate coupling among cornponents. The effectiveness of this method is illustrated through an exPerimental study bylapplying it to a real-time software application.展开更多
Background Rare infectious diseases of poverty(rIDPs)involve more than hundreds of tropical diseases,which domi-nantly affect people living in impoverished and marginalized regions and fail to be prioritized in the gl...Background Rare infectious diseases of poverty(rIDPs)involve more than hundreds of tropical diseases,which domi-nantly affect people living in impoverished and marginalized regions and fail to be prioritized in the global health agenda.The neglect of rIDPs could impede the progress toward sustainable development.This study aimed to esti-mate the disease burden of rIDPs in 2021,which would be pivotal for setting intervention priorities and mobilizing resources globally.Methods Leveraging data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021,the study reported both numbers and age-standardized rates of prevalence,mortality,disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs),years lived with disability,and years of life lost of rIDPs with corresponding 95%uncertainty intervals(Uls)at global,regional,and national levels.The temporal trends between 1990 and 2021 were assessed by the joinpoint regression analysis.A Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to project the disease burden for 2050.Results In 2021,there were 103.76 million(95%Ul:102.13,105.44 million)global population suffered from rIDPs with an age-standardized DALY rate of 58.44 per 100,000 population(95%Ul:42.92,77.26 per 100,000 population).From 1990 to 2021,the age-standardized DALY rates showed an average annual percentage change of-0.16%(95%confidence interval:-0.22,-0.11%).Higher age-standardized DALY rates were dominated in sub-Saharan Africa(126.35 per 100,000 population,95%Ul:91.04,161.73 per 100,000 population),South Asia(80.80 per 100,000 popula-tion,95%Ul:57.31,114.10 per 100,000 population),and countries with a low socio-demographic index.There was age heterogeneity in the DALY rates of rIDPs,with the population aged under 15 years being the most predominant.Females aged 15-49 years had four-times higher age-standardized DALY rates of rIDPs than males in the same age.The projections indicated a slight reduction in the disease burden of rIDPs by 2050.Conclusions There has been a slight reduction in the disease burden of rIDPs over the past three decades.Given that rIDPs mainly affect populations in impoverished regions,targeted health strategies and resource allocation are in great demand for these populations to further control rIDPs and end poverty in all its forms everywhere.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province under Key Research and Development Project(2017C02004)。
文摘The effects of two different drying methods,namely hot-air drying and freeze drying,on the phenolic profiles,antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two main Chinese bayberry cultivars(’Biqi’or’BQ’and’Dongkui’or’DK’)were evaluated.The results showed that’BQ’bayberry provided higher total phenolic(TPC),total flavonoid(TFC)and total anthocyanin(TAC)contents than’DK’bayberry after the same drying method,while its antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities were highly affected by drying method.Freeze-dried samples possessed significantly higher TPC,TFC and TAC,and exhibited more potent antioxidant and hypoglycemic activities than hot-air dried ones(P<0.05).Freeze-dried’DK’bayberry exhibited similar antioxidant activities and a-amylase inhibitory activity,but higher a-glucosidase inhibition than freeze-dried’BQ’bayberry(P<0.05).Compared with hot-air dried samples,freeze-dried samples had significantly higher contents of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside,myricitin-3-O-rhamnoside,quercetin-3-O-galactoside,quercetin-3-O-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside,which had been proved to be the main contributors to the in vitro hypoglycemic activities of bayberry pulp extract.All these results demonstrate that freeze drying is more suitable for the preservation of phenolic components in the pulp extract of Chinese bayberry,and the pulp extract of freeze-dried’DK’could be applied as a potential hypoglycemic food additive.
基金We acknowledge the fnancial support from the Research Project of Keyi College of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(KY2021001)the National Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province China(LY15B030002).
文摘The flexible superhydrophobic thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)porous material was prepared by heat-induced phase separation method with two cooling steps.The influence of the preparation process on the microstructure of the material was discussed in depth.The microstructure,hydrophobicity and specific surface area of porous TPU materials were analyzed in detail.The surface wettability,separation selectivity,saturated adsorption capacity and adsorption rate,mechanical properties,environmental adaptability and cyclic properties of porous TPU materials were studied.The results show that the TPU-8%porous monolithic material prepared by heat-induced phase separation method shows good performance when the polymer concentration is 8%,the phase separation temperature is 0℃,the phase separation time is 30min,and the mixing solvent ratio is 9:1.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22071066,22071065)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFA0602900)+1 种基金the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2018B030311008)the Guangzhou Science and Technology Project,China(No.202102020802).
文摘Early diagnosis and treatment of cancer requires the development of tools that are both sensitive and selective in detecting spermine.In this study,we presented a"supramolecular cyclization-induced emission enhancement"strategy for the sensitive and selective detection of spermine.A new pillar[5]arene probe(P1)demonstrated excellent solution/solid dual-state emission properties,and the addition of certain spermine(Spm)resulted in fluorescence enhancement due to the synergy of multiple weak interactions that restricted the free motion of P1 in the P1⊃Spm complex.This mechanism was further confirmed by time-resolved spectroscopy,DFT calculations,and IGM analysis.With its low limit of detection and high selectivity,P1 is a promising tool for measuring spermine in artificial urine samples.
基金supported by the National Aerospace Science Foundation of China(20140751008)
文摘With progression of the digital age, the complexity of software continues to grow. AS a result, methods to quantitatively assess characteristics of software have attracted significant atten- tion. These efforts have led to a large number of new measures such as coupling metrics, many of which seek to consider the impact of correlations between components and failures on ap- plication reliability. However, most of these approaches set the coupling parameters arbitrarily by making assumptions instead of utilizing experimental data and therefore may not accurately capture actual coupling between components of software applica- tion. Since the coupling matrix is often set arbitrarily, the existing approaches to assess software reliability considering component correlation fail to reflect the real degree of interaction and rela- tionships among software components. This paper presents an efficient approach to assess the software reliability considering Correlated component failures, incorporating software architec- ture while considering actual internal coupling of software with an efficient approach based on multivariate Bernoulli （MVB） distribu- tion. The unified framework for software Coupling measurement is＇ informed by a comprehensive survey of frameworks for object- oriented and procedure-oriented software. This framework enables the extraction of more accurate coupling among cornponents. The effectiveness of this method is illustrated through an exPerimental study bylapplying it to a real-time software application.
基金supported by International Joint Laboratory on Tropical Diseases Control in Greater Mekong Subregion(21410750200)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82304102)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1436200)Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation(22YF1421100,23YF1421200)the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation.The Funders had no role in the study design or in the collection,analysis,and interpretation of the data,writing of the report,or decision to submit the article for publication.
文摘Background Rare infectious diseases of poverty(rIDPs)involve more than hundreds of tropical diseases,which domi-nantly affect people living in impoverished and marginalized regions and fail to be prioritized in the global health agenda.The neglect of rIDPs could impede the progress toward sustainable development.This study aimed to esti-mate the disease burden of rIDPs in 2021,which would be pivotal for setting intervention priorities and mobilizing resources globally.Methods Leveraging data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021,the study reported both numbers and age-standardized rates of prevalence,mortality,disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs),years lived with disability,and years of life lost of rIDPs with corresponding 95%uncertainty intervals(Uls)at global,regional,and national levels.The temporal trends between 1990 and 2021 were assessed by the joinpoint regression analysis.A Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to project the disease burden for 2050.Results In 2021,there were 103.76 million(95%Ul:102.13,105.44 million)global population suffered from rIDPs with an age-standardized DALY rate of 58.44 per 100,000 population(95%Ul:42.92,77.26 per 100,000 population).From 1990 to 2021,the age-standardized DALY rates showed an average annual percentage change of-0.16%(95%confidence interval:-0.22,-0.11%).Higher age-standardized DALY rates were dominated in sub-Saharan Africa(126.35 per 100,000 population,95%Ul:91.04,161.73 per 100,000 population),South Asia(80.80 per 100,000 popula-tion,95%Ul:57.31,114.10 per 100,000 population),and countries with a low socio-demographic index.There was age heterogeneity in the DALY rates of rIDPs,with the population aged under 15 years being the most predominant.Females aged 15-49 years had four-times higher age-standardized DALY rates of rIDPs than males in the same age.The projections indicated a slight reduction in the disease burden of rIDPs by 2050.Conclusions There has been a slight reduction in the disease burden of rIDPs over the past three decades.Given that rIDPs mainly affect populations in impoverished regions,targeted health strategies and resource allocation are in great demand for these populations to further control rIDPs and end poverty in all its forms everywhere.
