BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common cancers worldwide.Morbidity and mortality have increased in recent years,making it an urgent issue to address.La-paroscopic radical surgery(LRS)is a crucial metho...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common cancers worldwide.Morbidity and mortality have increased in recent years,making it an urgent issue to address.La-paroscopic radical surgery(LRS)is a crucial method for treating patients with GC;However,its influence on tumor markers is still under investigation.The data of 194 patients treated at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital bet-ween January 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who underwent traditional open surgery and LRS were assigned to the control(n=90)and observation groups(n=104),respectively.Independent sample t-tests andχ2 tests were used to compare the two groups based on clinical efficacy,changes in tumor marker levels after treatment,clinical data,and the incidence of posto-perative complications.To investigate the association between tumor marker levels and clinical efficacy in patients with GC,three-year recurrence rates in the two groups were compared.RESULTS Patients in the observation group had a shorter duration of operation,less in-traoperative blood loss,an earlier postoperative eating time,and a shorter hospital stay than those in the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the number of lymph node dissections(P>0.05).After treatment,the overall response rate in the control group was significantly lower than that in the observation group(P=0.001).Furthermore,after treatment,the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9,cancer antigen 72-4,carcinoembryonic antigen,and cancer antigen 125 decreased significantly.The observation group also exhibited a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative complications compared to the control group(P<0.001).Additionally,the two groups did not significantly differ in terms of three-year survival and recurrence rates(P>0.05).CONCLUSION LRS effectively treats early gastric cancer by reducing intraoperative bleeding,length of hospital stays,and postoperative complications.It also significantly lowers tumor marker levels,thus improving the short-term prognosis of the disease.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is an aggressive malignancy and the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide. Conventional biomarkers exhibit poor performance in the surveillance,diagnosis,and prognosis of...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is an aggressive malignancy and the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide. Conventional biomarkers exhibit poor performance in the surveillance,diagnosis,and prognosis of HCC. Micro RNAs(mi RNAs) are a class of evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of gene expression and protein translation,and they play critical roles in cell growth,differentiation,and the development of various types of cancers,including HCC. Recent evidence revealed the role of mi RNAs as potential novel and ideal biomarkers for HCC. mi RNAs are released to extracellular spaces,and they are extremely stable in bodily fluids,including serum or plasma,where they are packaged into various microparticles or associated with RNA-binding proteins. Numerous studies have demonstrated that circulating mi RNAs have potential applications as minimally invasive biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and prognosis. The present review highlights current understanding of mi RNA biogenesis and the origins and types of circulating mi RNAs. We summarize recent progress in the use of circulating mi RNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HCC. We also discuss the challenges and perspectives of the clinical utility of circulating mi RNAs in HCC.展开更多
AIM: To explore the associations of polymorphisms of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF...AIM: To explore the associations of polymorphisms of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) with the colorectal carcinoma (CRC) risk in Han Chinese. METHODS: Polymorphisms of LBP (rs1739654, rs223 2596, rs2232618), CD14 (rs77083413, rs4914), TLR-4 (rs5030719), IL-6 (rs13306435) and TNF-α (rs35131721) were genotyped in 479 cases of sporadic colorectal carcinoma and 486 healthy controls of Han Chinese in a case-control study. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between cases and controls were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS: GA and GG genotypes of LBP rs2232596 were associated with a significantly increased risk ofCRC [odds ratio (OR) = 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-1.99, P = 0.003; OR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.16-5.38, P = 0.016, respectively]. A similar association was also observed for the CG genotype of CD14 rs4914 (OR= 1.69, 95% CI 1.20-2.36, P = 0.002). In addition, a combination of polymorphisms in LBP rs2232596 and CD14 rs4914 led to a 3.4-fold increased risk of CRC (OR = 3.44, 95% CI 1.94-6.10, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: This study highlights the LBP rs2232596 and CD14 rs4914 polymorphisms as biomarkers for elevated CRC susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.展开更多
BACKGROUND Anatomical segmentectomy has been proposed as a substitution for lobectomy for early-stage lung cancer.However,it requires technical meticulousness due to the complex anatomical variations of segmental vess...BACKGROUND Anatomical segmentectomy has been proposed as a substitution for lobectomy for early-stage lung cancer.However,it requires technical meticulousness due to the complex anatomical variations of segmental vessels and bronchi.AIM To assess the safety and feasibility of three-dimensional computed-tomography bronchography and angiography(3D-CTBA)in performing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)for lung cancers.METHODS In this study,we enrolled 123 patients who consented to undergo thoracoscopic segmentectomy and lobectomy assisted by 3D-CTBA between May 2017 and June 2019.The image data of enhanced computed tomography(CT)scans was reconstructed three-dimensionally by the Mimics software.The results of preoperative 3D-CTBA,in combination with intraoperative navigation,guided the surgery.RESULTS A total of 59 women and 64 men were enrolled,of whom 57(46.3%)underwent segmentectomy and 66(53.7%)underwent lobectomy.The majority of tumor appearance on CT was part-solid ground-glass nodule(pGGN;55.3%).The mean duration of chest tube placement was 3.5±1.6 d,and the average length of postoperative hospital stay was 6.8±1.8 d.Surgical complications included one case of pneumonia and four cases of prolonged air leak lasting>5 d.Notably,there was no intraoperative massive hemorrhage,postoperative intensive-care unit stay,or 30-d mortality.Preoperative 3D-CTBA images can display clearly and vividly the targeted structure and the variations of vessels and bronchi.To reduce the risk of locoregional recurrence,the application of 3D-CTBA with a virtual 3D surgical margin help the VATS surgeon determine accurate distances and positional relations among the tumor,bronchial trees,and the intersegmental vessels.Three-dimensional navigation was performed to confirm the segmental structure,precisely cut off the targeted segment,and avoid intersegmental veins injury.CONCLUSION VATS and 3D-CTBA worked in harmony in our study.This combination also provided a new pattern of transition from lesion-directed location of tumors to computer-aided surgery for the management of early lung cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Peripheral regional block combined with general anesthesia might be a preferable anesthetic regimen for elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.AIM To investigate whether ultrasound-guided,direct...BACKGROUND Peripheral regional block combined with general anesthesia might be a preferable anesthetic regimen for elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.AIM To investigate whether ultrasound-guided,direct suprainguinal injection for fascia iliaca block accelerated recovery after general anesthesia and relieved postoperative pain after total hip arthroplasty.METHODS Patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia in 2015 or 2019 at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were grouped based on whether preoperative suprainguinal fascia iliaca block was performed or not.The time to tracheal extubation and time spent in the post-anesthesia care unit(PACU),intraoperative remifentanil dosage,fentanyl consumption in the PACU,postoperative cumulative fentanyl consumption within 48 h after operation,visual analogue scale at rest and during movement on the first and second days after surgery,and adverse reactions were compared.RESULTS Thirty-one elderly patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were included in the study(block group,n=16;no-block group,n=15).The visual analog scale scores at rest and during movement on the first and second days were significantly lower in the block group than in the no-block group(all P<0.05).Compared with the no-block group,the intraoperative remifentanil dosage was lower,the time to tracheal extubation and the time spent in the PACU were shorter in the block group(all P<0.01).Fentanyl consumption in the PACU and postoperative cumulative fentanyl consumption in 48 h after operation were lower in the block group(all P<0.01).The incidence of dizziness was higher in the no-block group than in the block group(P=0.037).CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided,direct suprainguinal injection for fascia iliaca block led to faster recovery after general anesthesia and early postoperative pain relief in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.展开更多
BACKGROUND Situs inversus totalis(SIT)is a rare congenital condition that is characterized by a complete mirror image of the typical arrangement of the thoracic and abdominal viscera.Performing thoracoscopic segmentec...BACKGROUND Situs inversus totalis(SIT)is a rare congenital condition that is characterized by a complete mirror image of the typical arrangement of the thoracic and abdominal viscera.Performing thoracoscopic segmentectomy for a patient with lung cancer and SIT is an extremely skilled and challenging surgical procedure.CASE SUMMARY A 41-year old woman with a medical history of dextrocardia since childhood was admitted to our hospital with a mixed ground-glass opacity(mGGO)in her left lung field,discovered by computed tomography during her health checkup.In order to facilitate surgical orientation,three-dimensional computed tomography bronchography and angiography(3D-CTBA)was preoperatively carried out.The result of 3D-CTBA was consistent with the diagnosis of SIT and an mGGO in the posterior segment of the left upper lobe(LS2).Surgery was conducted in accordance with preoperative 3D-CTBA and designed surgical procedure,combined with intraoperative navigation.Final pathological examination revealed in situ adenocarcinoma.The patient’s postoperative condition was uneventful and no complications were observed.CONCLUSION We present the first case of lung cancer in a patient with SIT who successfully underwent thoracoscopic segmentectomy assisted by 3D-CTBA.This is a new technique that covers precise confirmation and dissection of targeted structures and intersegmental demarcation,and can help achieve a meticulous anatomical segmentectomy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Groove pancreatitis(GP)is a type of chronic pancreatitis occurring in an anatomic area between the duodenum,head of the pancreas,and common bile duct.Duodenal obstruction is always caused by malignant pancr...BACKGROUND Groove pancreatitis(GP)is a type of chronic pancreatitis occurring in an anatomic area between the duodenum,head of the pancreas,and common bile duct.Duodenal obstruction is always caused by malignant pancreatic diseases,such as pancreatic head carcinoma,while is rarely induced by benign pancreatic diseases,such as pancreatitis.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old man presented with a 1-mo history of upper abdominal discomfort.His concomitant symptoms were abdominal distension,postprandial nausea,and vomiting.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen showed thickening of the intestinal wall with enhancement of the descending segment of the duodenum,which could not be clearly differentiated from the head of the pancreas.Upper gastrointestinal radiographs and gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a complete obstruction of the descending duodenum.An operation found that a 3-cm mass was located in the“groove part”of the pancreas and oppressing the descending duodenum.Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed to relieve the obstruction and thoroughly remove the pancreatic lesions.The pathologic diagnosis was pancreatitis.The patient had an uneventful recovery with no complications.CONCLUSION Because of the special location and the contracture induced by long-term chronic inflammation,our case reminds surgeons that some benign pancreatic diseases,such as GP,can also present with symptoms similar to those of pancreatic cancer.This knowledge can help to avoid an unnecessary radical operation.展开更多
Objective:MiRNAs have been recently implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion(IR)injury.This study aimed to investigate the miRNA expression profiles,in the early stages after lung transplantation(LT)and ...Objective:MiRNAs have been recently implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion(IR)injury.This study aimed to investigate the miRNA expression profiles,in the early stages after lung transplantation(LT)and to study the involvement of the Toll-like receptor(TLR)signaling pathway in lung IR injury following LT.Methods:We established the left LT model in mice and selected the miRNA-122 as a research target.The mice were injected with a miRNA-122-specific inhibitor,following which pathological changes in the lung tissue were studied using different lung injury indicators.In addition,we performed deep sequencing of transplanted lung tissues to identify differentially expressed(DE)miRNAs and their target genes.These target genes were used to further perform gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis.Results:A total of 12 DE miRNAs were selected,and 2476 target genes were identified.The GO enrichment analysis predicted 6063 terms,and the KEGG analysis predicted 1554 biological pathways.Compared with the control group,inhibiting the expression of miRNA-122 significantly reduced the lung injury and lung wet/dry ratio(P<0.05).In addition,the activity of myeloperoxidase and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and TLR2/4 were decreased(P<0.05);whereas the expression of interleukin-10 was increased(P<0.05).Furthermore,the inhibition of miRNA-122 suppressed the IR injury-induced activation of the TLR signaling pathway.Conclusion:Our findings showed the differential expression of several miRNAs in the early inflammatory response following LT.Of these,miRNA-122 promoted IR injury following LT,whereas its inhibition prevented IR injury in a TLR-dependent manner.展开更多
DEAR EDITOR,Cave loaches within the family Nemacheilidae are among the most diverse group of cavefish in southwestern China.Although certain species have been included in previous phylogenetic studies,the intergeneric...DEAR EDITOR,Cave loaches within the family Nemacheilidae are among the most diverse group of cavefish in southwestern China.Although certain species have been included in previous phylogenetic studies,the intergeneric and interspecific relationships of Chinese cave loaches in Nemacheilidae remain poorly investigated due to insufficient sampling.In this study,a total of 45 samples from 37 recognized species and two unidentified species of cave loaches were collected,accounting for 87.5%of the eight recognized genera of cave loaches within the family Nemacheilidae in China.The complete mitochondrial genome(mitogenome)and seven nuclear genes were sequenced,and the phylogenetic tree of Chinese cave loaches was reconstructed.Both Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood analyses resolved the phylogenetic relationships at the generic and species levels,suggesting the effectiveness of this multilocus marker system in determining phylogenetic relationships in Chinese cave loaches.Phylogenetic analysis not only confirmed previous taxonomic hypotheses based on morphological data but also provided new insights into the relationships of many cave loaches at the genus and species levels as well as suggestions for the current taxonomy of cave loaches within the family Nemacheilidae.展开更多
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma(GBM)is one of the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumors with severe symptoms and a poor prognosis.Leptomeningeal dissemination(LMD)is a serious complication of GBM that ofte...BACKGROUND Glioblastoma(GBM)is one of the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumors with severe symptoms and a poor prognosis.Leptomeningeal dissemination(LMD)is a serious complication of GBM that often results in dire outcomes.There is currently no effective treatment.AIM To estimate the clinical outcomes of combination therapy in GBM patients with LMD METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted using data collected from GBM patients diagnosed with LMD from January 2012 to December 2019 at our institution.All these patients had received at least one cycle of a combination therapy consisting of intrathecal methotrexate(MTX)and systemic chemotherapy.Clinical and pathological data were analyzed to explore the outcome of GBM patients with LMD and to determine the most effective treatment.RESULTS Twenty-six patients were enrolled in this study.The median time from GBM diagnosis to LMD development was 9.3 mo(range:2-59 mo).The median overall survival of LMD patients from diagnosis to after receiving systemic chemotherapy in combination with intrathecal MTX was 10.5 mo(range:2-59 mo).In the Cox univariate analysis,gross resection of tumor(P=0.022),Karnofsky performance status(KPS)>60(P=0.002),and Ommaya reservoir implant(P<0.001)were correlated with survival.Multivariate analysis showed that KPS>60(P=0.037)and Ommaya reservoir implant(P=0.014)were positive factors correlated with survival.Myelotoxicity and gastrointestinal reactions were the common toxicities of this combination therapy.According to Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events 4.03,most of the patients presented with toxicity less than grade 3.CONCLUSION Intrathecal MTX administration combined with systemic chemotherapy is a potentially effective treatment for patients with GBM and LMD,with mild treatment-related side effects.展开更多
Objective:To explore the application of health education in the nursing care of patients with metrorrhagia and metrostaxis after hysteroscopic electrotomy and the effect on the occurrence of disease complications.Meth...Objective:To explore the application of health education in the nursing care of patients with metrorrhagia and metrostaxis after hysteroscopic electrotomy and the effect on the occurrence of disease complications.Methods:Totally 70 patients admitted from March 2018 to March 2019 were randomly divided into two groups.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given comprehensive health education combined with routine nursing.The unhealthy emotions(anxiety and depression)of patients were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA).The incidence of complications,and surgical related matters were recorded and compared between two groups after nursing interventions.Results:A lower HAMD score,A lower HAMA score,a shorter hospitalization time,a shorter operation time and a less intraoperative bleeding volume,a lower incidence rate of complications(massive bleeding and uterine perforation),and a higher degree of patients’cooperation in surgery were shown in observation group compared with control group after nursing intervention(P all<0.05).Conclusion:The application of health education in the nursing of metrorrhagia and metrostaxis patients can relieve the patients’anxiety and depression,improve their understanding and mastery of relevant disease knowledge and their ability to cope with bleeding and their self-health care,as well as reduce the incidence of complications and the length of hospital stay and promote the rehabilitation of patients.Therefore,it is worthy of clinical application.展开更多
Abundant studies have been conducted to identify how B-cell translocation gene 1 protein(BTG1)gene affects the differentiation,proliferation,metastasis of cancer cells,and how it further regulates the generation or de...Abundant studies have been conducted to identify how B-cell translocation gene 1 protein(BTG1)gene affects the differentiation,proliferation,metastasis of cancer cells,and how it further regulates the generation or development of diseases to influence the prognosis of patients.However,the data from single research were not powerful enough.The correlations between BTG1 expression and mechanisms of tumorigenesis or prognosis of patients are still in controversial.Our system review and meta-analysis provided a complete explanation about the association between BTG1 expression and clinicopathological features or prognosis of patients,which further laid a foundation for future research on BTG1.Fifteen eligible studies consisting of 1992 participants were included.We uncovered that BTG1 expression in solid tumors was associated w让h lymph node status(RR=0.66,95%CI:0.58-0.75,P=0.142),TMN stage status(RR=2.13,95%CI:1.71-2.65,P=0.001),T category(RR=1.90,95%CI:1.20-3.00,P=0.000),histological differentiation(RR-1.91,95%CI:1.55-2.37,7=0.012),vascular invasion(RR=0.90,95%CI:0.57-1.41,P=0.001).BTG1 low expression was significantly associated with overall survival(OS)(HR=0.47,95%CI:0.38-0.67,P=0.000).It concluded that BTG1 possessed the potential value for future research and could be recommended as a significant biomarker in solid tumor.展开更多
Background： Both Parkinson＇s disease （PD） and multiple system atrophy （MSA） have associated sleep disorders related to the underlying neurodegenerative pathology. Clinically, MSA with predominant parkinsonism （...Background： Both Parkinson＇s disease （PD） and multiple system atrophy （MSA） have associated sleep disorders related to the underlying neurodegenerative pathology. Clinically, MSA with predominant parkinsonism （MSA-P） resembles PD in the manifestation of prominent parkinsonism, Whether the amount of rapid eye movement （REM） sleep without atonia could be a potential marker for differentiating MSA-P from PD has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine whether sleep parameters could provide a method for differentiating MSA-P from PD. Methods： This study comprised 24 MSA-P patients and 30 PD patients, and they were of similar age, gender, and REM sleep behavior disorder （RBD） prevalence. All patients underwent clinical evaluation and one night of video-polysomnography recording. The tonic and phasic chin electromyogram （EMG） activity was manually quantified during REM sleep of each patient. We divided both groups in terms of whether they had RBD to make subgroup analysis. Results： No significant difference between MSA-P group and PD group had been tbund in clinical characteristics and sleep architecture. However, MSA-P patients had higher apnea-hypopnea index （AHI; 1.15 [0.00, 8.73]/h vs. 0.00 [0.00, 0.55]/h, P = 0.024） and higher tonic chin EMG density （34.02 [ 18.48, 57.18]% vs. 8.40 [3.11, 13.061%, P 〈 0.001 ） as compared to PD patients. Subgroup analysis found that tonic EMG density in MSA ＋ RBD subgroup was higher than that in PD ＋ RBD subgroup （55.04 [26.81,69.62]% vs. 11.40 [8.51,20.411%, P 〈 0.001 ）. Furthermore, no evidence of any difference in tonic EMG density emerged between PD ＋ RBD and MSA - RBD subgroups （P 〉 0.05）. Both disease duration （P = 0.056） and AHI （P = 0.051） showed no significant differences during subgroup analysis although there was a trend toward longer disease duration in PD ＋ RBD subgroup and higher AHI in MSA - RBD subgroup. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis identified the presence of MSA-P （[3 0.552, P 〈 0.001 ） and RBD （[3 = 0.433, P 〈 0.001 ） as predictors of higher tonic EMG density. Conclusion： Tonic chin EMG density could be a potential marker for differentiating MSA-P from PD.展开更多
To the Editor: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of vertigo. Recently, the diagnosis and treatment of BPPV have become areas of increased interest. As such, the levels of cli...To the Editor: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of vertigo. Recently, the diagnosis and treatment of BPPV have become areas of increased interest. As such, the levels of clinical diagnosis and treatment have greatly improved. While studies have been conducted worldwide examining the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of BPPV, very few have focused on the cost of diagnosis and treatment of BPPV. Therefore, the current study was designed to analyze the effects and expenditure of the different treatment strategies for BPPV, according to the effective screening of BPPV patients, and vertigo classification.展开更多
Background： Parkinson＇s disease （PD） patients with long-term levodopa （L-DOPA） treatment are suffering from severe circadian dysfunction. However, it is hard to distinguish that the circadian disturbance in pati...Background： Parkinson＇s disease （PD） patients with long-term levodopa （L-DOPA） treatment are suffering from severe circadian dysfunction. However, it is hard to distinguish that the circadian disturbance in patients is due to the disease progression itself, or is affected by L-DOPA replacement therapy. This study was to investigate the role of L-DOPA on the circadian dysfunction in a rat model of PD. Methods： The rat model of PD was constructed by a bilateral striatal injection with 6-hydroxydopamine （6-OHDA）, followed by administration of saline or 25 mg/kg L-DOPA for 21 consecutive days. Rotarod test, footprint test, and open-field test were carried out to evaluate the motor function. Striatum, suprachiasmatic nucleus （SCN）, liver, and plasma were collected at 6：00, 12：00, 18：00, and 24：00. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of clock genes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the secretion level of cortisol and melatonin. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the neurotransmitters. Analysis of variance was used for data analysis. Results： L-DOPA alleviated the motor deficits induced by 6-OHDA lesions in the footprint and open-field test （P 〈 0.01, P 〈 0.001, respectively）. After L-DOPA treatment, Bmall decreased in the SCN compared with 6-OHDA group at 12：00 （P 〈 0.01） and 24：00 （P 〈 0.001 ）. In the striatum, the expression ofBmall, Rorα was lower than that in the 6-OHDA group at 18：00 （P 〈 0.05） and L-DOPA seemed to delay the peak of Per2 to 24：00. In liver, L-DOPA did not affect the rhythmicity and expression of these clock genes （P 〉 0.05）. In addition, the cortisol secretion was increased （P 〉 0.05）, but melatonin was further inhibited after L-DOPA treatment at 6：00 （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions： In the circadian system of advanced PD rat models, circadian dysfunction is not only contributed by the degeneration of the disease itself but also long-term L-DOPA therapy may further aggravate it.展开更多
Given the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative disease(ND),recent research efforts have intensified the search for curative treatments.Despite significant research,however,existing therapeutic options for ND can ...Given the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative disease(ND),recent research efforts have intensified the search for curative treatments.Despite significant research,however,existing therapeutic options for ND can only slow down the progression of the disease,but not provide a cure.Light therapy(LT)has been used to treat some mental and sleep disorders.This review illustrates recent studies of the use of LT in patients with ND and highlights its potential for clinical applications.The literature was collected from PubMed through June 2020.Selected studies were primarily English articles or articles that could be obtained with English abstracts and Chinese main text.Articles were not limited by type.Additional potential publications were also identified from the bibliographies of identified articles and the authors’reference libraries.The identified literature suggests that LT is a safe and convenient physical method of treatment.It may alleviate sleep disorders,depression,cognitive function,and other clinical symptoms.However,some studies have reported limited or no effects.Therefore,LT represents an attractive therapeutic approach for further investigation in ND.LT is an effective physical form of therapy and a new direction for research into treatments for ND.However,it requires further animal experiments to elucidate mechanisms of action and large,double-blind,randomized,and controlled trials to explore true efficacy in patients with ND.展开更多
Postoperative adhesion(PA)is currently one of the most unpleasant complications following surgical procedures.Researchers have developed several new strategies to alleviate the formation of PA to a great extent,but so...Postoperative adhesion(PA)is currently one of the most unpleasant complications following surgical procedures.Researchers have developed several new strategies to alleviate the formation of PA to a great extent,but so far,no single measure or treatment can meet the expectations and requirements of clinical patients needing complete PA prevention.Chinese medicine(CM)has been widely used for thousands of years based on its remarkable efficacy and indispensable advantages CM treatments are gradually being accepted by modern medicine.Therefore,this review summarizes the formating process of PA and the efficacy and action mechanism of CM treatments,including their pharmacological effects,therapeutic mechanisms and advantages in PA prevention.We aim to improve the understanding of clinicians and researchers on CM prevention in the development of PA and promote the in-depth development and industrialization process of related drugs.展开更多
基金The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital(Approval No.CZLS2023170-A).
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common cancers worldwide.Morbidity and mortality have increased in recent years,making it an urgent issue to address.La-paroscopic radical surgery(LRS)is a crucial method for treating patients with GC;However,its influence on tumor markers is still under investigation.The data of 194 patients treated at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital bet-ween January 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who underwent traditional open surgery and LRS were assigned to the control(n=90)and observation groups(n=104),respectively.Independent sample t-tests andχ2 tests were used to compare the two groups based on clinical efficacy,changes in tumor marker levels after treatment,clinical data,and the incidence of posto-perative complications.To investigate the association between tumor marker levels and clinical efficacy in patients with GC,three-year recurrence rates in the two groups were compared.RESULTS Patients in the observation group had a shorter duration of operation,less in-traoperative blood loss,an earlier postoperative eating time,and a shorter hospital stay than those in the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the number of lymph node dissections(P>0.05).After treatment,the overall response rate in the control group was significantly lower than that in the observation group(P=0.001).Furthermore,after treatment,the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9,cancer antigen 72-4,carcinoembryonic antigen,and cancer antigen 125 decreased significantly.The observation group also exhibited a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative complications compared to the control group(P<0.001).Additionally,the two groups did not significantly differ in terms of three-year survival and recurrence rates(P>0.05).CONCLUSION LRS effectively treats early gastric cancer by reducing intraoperative bleeding,length of hospital stays,and postoperative complications.It also significantly lowers tumor marker levels,thus improving the short-term prognosis of the disease.
基金Supported by Department of Public Health of Jilin Province of China,No.2009Z080 and No.2014Q025Supporting Program of Bethune Medical Research of Jilin University,No.2013207058
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is an aggressive malignancy and the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths worldwide. Conventional biomarkers exhibit poor performance in the surveillance,diagnosis,and prognosis of HCC. Micro RNAs(mi RNAs) are a class of evolutionarily conserved small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of gene expression and protein translation,and they play critical roles in cell growth,differentiation,and the development of various types of cancers,including HCC. Recent evidence revealed the role of mi RNAs as potential novel and ideal biomarkers for HCC. mi RNAs are released to extracellular spaces,and they are extremely stable in bodily fluids,including serum or plasma,where they are packaged into various microparticles or associated with RNA-binding proteins. Numerous studies have demonstrated that circulating mi RNAs have potential applications as minimally invasive biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and prognosis. The present review highlights current understanding of mi RNA biogenesis and the origins and types of circulating mi RNAs. We summarize recent progress in the use of circulating mi RNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HCC. We also discuss the challenges and perspectives of the clinical utility of circulating mi RNAs in HCC.
基金Supported by The Nationgal Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30571924
文摘AIM: To explore the associations of polymorphisms of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) with the colorectal carcinoma (CRC) risk in Han Chinese. METHODS: Polymorphisms of LBP (rs1739654, rs223 2596, rs2232618), CD14 (rs77083413, rs4914), TLR-4 (rs5030719), IL-6 (rs13306435) and TNF-α (rs35131721) were genotyped in 479 cases of sporadic colorectal carcinoma and 486 healthy controls of Han Chinese in a case-control study. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) between cases and controls were analyzed by unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS: GA and GG genotypes of LBP rs2232596 were associated with a significantly increased risk ofCRC [odds ratio (OR) = 1.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-1.99, P = 0.003; OR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.16-5.38, P = 0.016, respectively]. A similar association was also observed for the CG genotype of CD14 rs4914 (OR= 1.69, 95% CI 1.20-2.36, P = 0.002). In addition, a combination of polymorphisms in LBP rs2232596 and CD14 rs4914 led to a 3.4-fold increased risk of CRC (OR = 3.44, 95% CI 1.94-6.10, P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: This study highlights the LBP rs2232596 and CD14 rs4914 polymorphisms as biomarkers for elevated CRC susceptibility in the Chinese Han population.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81800050Natural Science Fund of Yangzhou City,No.YZ2017119Science and Technology Innovation Cultivation Program of Yangzhou University,No.2017CXJ122.
文摘BACKGROUND Anatomical segmentectomy has been proposed as a substitution for lobectomy for early-stage lung cancer.However,it requires technical meticulousness due to the complex anatomical variations of segmental vessels and bronchi.AIM To assess the safety and feasibility of three-dimensional computed-tomography bronchography and angiography(3D-CTBA)in performing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS)for lung cancers.METHODS In this study,we enrolled 123 patients who consented to undergo thoracoscopic segmentectomy and lobectomy assisted by 3D-CTBA between May 2017 and June 2019.The image data of enhanced computed tomography(CT)scans was reconstructed three-dimensionally by the Mimics software.The results of preoperative 3D-CTBA,in combination with intraoperative navigation,guided the surgery.RESULTS A total of 59 women and 64 men were enrolled,of whom 57(46.3%)underwent segmentectomy and 66(53.7%)underwent lobectomy.The majority of tumor appearance on CT was part-solid ground-glass nodule(pGGN;55.3%).The mean duration of chest tube placement was 3.5±1.6 d,and the average length of postoperative hospital stay was 6.8±1.8 d.Surgical complications included one case of pneumonia and four cases of prolonged air leak lasting>5 d.Notably,there was no intraoperative massive hemorrhage,postoperative intensive-care unit stay,or 30-d mortality.Preoperative 3D-CTBA images can display clearly and vividly the targeted structure and the variations of vessels and bronchi.To reduce the risk of locoregional recurrence,the application of 3D-CTBA with a virtual 3D surgical margin help the VATS surgeon determine accurate distances and positional relations among the tumor,bronchial trees,and the intersegmental vessels.Three-dimensional navigation was performed to confirm the segmental structure,precisely cut off the targeted segment,and avoid intersegmental veins injury.CONCLUSION VATS and 3D-CTBA worked in harmony in our study.This combination also provided a new pattern of transition from lesion-directed location of tumors to computer-aided surgery for the management of early lung cancer.
文摘BACKGROUND Peripheral regional block combined with general anesthesia might be a preferable anesthetic regimen for elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.AIM To investigate whether ultrasound-guided,direct suprainguinal injection for fascia iliaca block accelerated recovery after general anesthesia and relieved postoperative pain after total hip arthroplasty.METHODS Patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty under general anesthesia in 2015 or 2019 at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were grouped based on whether preoperative suprainguinal fascia iliaca block was performed or not.The time to tracheal extubation and time spent in the post-anesthesia care unit(PACU),intraoperative remifentanil dosage,fentanyl consumption in the PACU,postoperative cumulative fentanyl consumption within 48 h after operation,visual analogue scale at rest and during movement on the first and second days after surgery,and adverse reactions were compared.RESULTS Thirty-one elderly patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty were included in the study(block group,n=16;no-block group,n=15).The visual analog scale scores at rest and during movement on the first and second days were significantly lower in the block group than in the no-block group(all P<0.05).Compared with the no-block group,the intraoperative remifentanil dosage was lower,the time to tracheal extubation and the time spent in the PACU were shorter in the block group(all P<0.01).Fentanyl consumption in the PACU and postoperative cumulative fentanyl consumption in 48 h after operation were lower in the block group(all P<0.01).The incidence of dizziness was higher in the no-block group than in the block group(P=0.037).CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided,direct suprainguinal injection for fascia iliaca block led to faster recovery after general anesthesia and early postoperative pain relief in elderly patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty.
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81800050Natural Science Fund of Yangzhou City,No.YZ2017119Science and Technology Innovation Cultivation Program of Yangzhou University,No.2017CXJ122
文摘BACKGROUND Situs inversus totalis(SIT)is a rare congenital condition that is characterized by a complete mirror image of the typical arrangement of the thoracic and abdominal viscera.Performing thoracoscopic segmentectomy for a patient with lung cancer and SIT is an extremely skilled and challenging surgical procedure.CASE SUMMARY A 41-year old woman with a medical history of dextrocardia since childhood was admitted to our hospital with a mixed ground-glass opacity(mGGO)in her left lung field,discovered by computed tomography during her health checkup.In order to facilitate surgical orientation,three-dimensional computed tomography bronchography and angiography(3D-CTBA)was preoperatively carried out.The result of 3D-CTBA was consistent with the diagnosis of SIT and an mGGO in the posterior segment of the left upper lobe(LS2).Surgery was conducted in accordance with preoperative 3D-CTBA and designed surgical procedure,combined with intraoperative navigation.Final pathological examination revealed in situ adenocarcinoma.The patient’s postoperative condition was uneventful and no complications were observed.CONCLUSION We present the first case of lung cancer in a patient with SIT who successfully underwent thoracoscopic segmentectomy assisted by 3D-CTBA.This is a new technique that covers precise confirmation and dissection of targeted structures and intersegmental demarcation,and can help achieve a meticulous anatomical segmentectomy.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81602044Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.LY19H160016 and No.LY17H030001+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Public Welfare Technology Application Research Projects,No.2015C33293Research Foundation of Health Bureau of Zhejiang Province,No.2014RCA031,No.2018RC077,No.2015KYA218,and No.2016KYB300
文摘BACKGROUND Groove pancreatitis(GP)is a type of chronic pancreatitis occurring in an anatomic area between the duodenum,head of the pancreas,and common bile duct.Duodenal obstruction is always caused by malignant pancreatic diseases,such as pancreatic head carcinoma,while is rarely induced by benign pancreatic diseases,such as pancreatitis.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old man presented with a 1-mo history of upper abdominal discomfort.His concomitant symptoms were abdominal distension,postprandial nausea,and vomiting.Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen showed thickening of the intestinal wall with enhancement of the descending segment of the duodenum,which could not be clearly differentiated from the head of the pancreas.Upper gastrointestinal radiographs and gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a complete obstruction of the descending duodenum.An operation found that a 3-cm mass was located in the“groove part”of the pancreas and oppressing the descending duodenum.Pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed to relieve the obstruction and thoroughly remove the pancreatic lesions.The pathologic diagnosis was pancreatitis.The patient had an uneventful recovery with no complications.CONCLUSION Because of the special location and the contracture induced by long-term chronic inflammation,our case reminds surgeons that some benign pancreatic diseases,such as GP,can also present with symptoms similar to those of pancreatic cancer.This knowledge can help to avoid an unnecessary radical operation.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81600074)Hubei Natural Science Foundation(No.2017CFB473).
文摘Objective:MiRNAs have been recently implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion(IR)injury.This study aimed to investigate the miRNA expression profiles,in the early stages after lung transplantation(LT)and to study the involvement of the Toll-like receptor(TLR)signaling pathway in lung IR injury following LT.Methods:We established the left LT model in mice and selected the miRNA-122 as a research target.The mice were injected with a miRNA-122-specific inhibitor,following which pathological changes in the lung tissue were studied using different lung injury indicators.In addition,we performed deep sequencing of transplanted lung tissues to identify differentially expressed(DE)miRNAs and their target genes.These target genes were used to further perform gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)analysis.Results:A total of 12 DE miRNAs were selected,and 2476 target genes were identified.The GO enrichment analysis predicted 6063 terms,and the KEGG analysis predicted 1554 biological pathways.Compared with the control group,inhibiting the expression of miRNA-122 significantly reduced the lung injury and lung wet/dry ratio(P<0.05).In addition,the activity of myeloperoxidase and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and TLR2/4 were decreased(P<0.05);whereas the expression of interleukin-10 was increased(P<0.05).Furthermore,the inhibition of miRNA-122 suppressed the IR injury-induced activation of the TLR signaling pathway.Conclusion:Our findings showed the differential expression of several miRNAs in the early inflammatory response following LT.Of these,miRNA-122 promoted IR injury following LT,whereas its inhibition prevented IR injury in a TLR-dependent manner.
基金supported by the Guizhou Province Top Discipline Construction Program Project(Qianjiao Keyan Fa(2019)125)Strategic Priority Research Program B of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(XDB31000000)+1 种基金Guizhou Normal University Academic Emerging Talent Fund Project(Qianshi Xin Miao[2021]20)National Animal Collection Resource Center,China。
文摘DEAR EDITOR,Cave loaches within the family Nemacheilidae are among the most diverse group of cavefish in southwestern China.Although certain species have been included in previous phylogenetic studies,the intergeneric and interspecific relationships of Chinese cave loaches in Nemacheilidae remain poorly investigated due to insufficient sampling.In this study,a total of 45 samples from 37 recognized species and two unidentified species of cave loaches were collected,accounting for 87.5%of the eight recognized genera of cave loaches within the family Nemacheilidae in China.The complete mitochondrial genome(mitogenome)and seven nuclear genes were sequenced,and the phylogenetic tree of Chinese cave loaches was reconstructed.Both Bayesian inference and maximum-likelihood analyses resolved the phylogenetic relationships at the generic and species levels,suggesting the effectiveness of this multilocus marker system in determining phylogenetic relationships in Chinese cave loaches.Phylogenetic analysis not only confirmed previous taxonomic hypotheses based on morphological data but also provided new insights into the relationships of many cave loaches at the genus and species levels as well as suggestions for the current taxonomy of cave loaches within the family Nemacheilidae.
基金Supported by Special Research Project of Capital Health Development 2016,No.2020-2-2048.
文摘BACKGROUND Glioblastoma(GBM)is one of the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumors with severe symptoms and a poor prognosis.Leptomeningeal dissemination(LMD)is a serious complication of GBM that often results in dire outcomes.There is currently no effective treatment.AIM To estimate the clinical outcomes of combination therapy in GBM patients with LMD METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted using data collected from GBM patients diagnosed with LMD from January 2012 to December 2019 at our institution.All these patients had received at least one cycle of a combination therapy consisting of intrathecal methotrexate(MTX)and systemic chemotherapy.Clinical and pathological data were analyzed to explore the outcome of GBM patients with LMD and to determine the most effective treatment.RESULTS Twenty-six patients were enrolled in this study.The median time from GBM diagnosis to LMD development was 9.3 mo(range:2-59 mo).The median overall survival of LMD patients from diagnosis to after receiving systemic chemotherapy in combination with intrathecal MTX was 10.5 mo(range:2-59 mo).In the Cox univariate analysis,gross resection of tumor(P=0.022),Karnofsky performance status(KPS)>60(P=0.002),and Ommaya reservoir implant(P<0.001)were correlated with survival.Multivariate analysis showed that KPS>60(P=0.037)and Ommaya reservoir implant(P=0.014)were positive factors correlated with survival.Myelotoxicity and gastrointestinal reactions were the common toxicities of this combination therapy.According to Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events 4.03,most of the patients presented with toxicity less than grade 3.CONCLUSION Intrathecal MTX administration combined with systemic chemotherapy is a potentially effective treatment for patients with GBM and LMD,with mild treatment-related side effects.
文摘Objective:To explore the application of health education in the nursing care of patients with metrorrhagia and metrostaxis after hysteroscopic electrotomy and the effect on the occurrence of disease complications.Methods:Totally 70 patients admitted from March 2018 to March 2019 were randomly divided into two groups.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given comprehensive health education combined with routine nursing.The unhealthy emotions(anxiety and depression)of patients were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA).The incidence of complications,and surgical related matters were recorded and compared between two groups after nursing interventions.Results:A lower HAMD score,A lower HAMA score,a shorter hospitalization time,a shorter operation time and a less intraoperative bleeding volume,a lower incidence rate of complications(massive bleeding and uterine perforation),and a higher degree of patients’cooperation in surgery were shown in observation group compared with control group after nursing intervention(P all<0.05).Conclusion:The application of health education in the nursing of metrorrhagia and metrostaxis patients can relieve the patients’anxiety and depression,improve their understanding and mastery of relevant disease knowledge and their ability to cope with bleeding and their self-health care,as well as reduce the incidence of complications and the length of hospital stay and promote the rehabilitation of patients.Therefore,it is worthy of clinical application.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(No.2018CFB611).
文摘Abundant studies have been conducted to identify how B-cell translocation gene 1 protein(BTG1)gene affects the differentiation,proliferation,metastasis of cancer cells,and how it further regulates the generation or development of diseases to influence the prognosis of patients.However,the data from single research were not powerful enough.The correlations between BTG1 expression and mechanisms of tumorigenesis or prognosis of patients are still in controversial.Our system review and meta-analysis provided a complete explanation about the association between BTG1 expression and clinicopathological features or prognosis of patients,which further laid a foundation for future research on BTG1.Fifteen eligible studies consisting of 1992 participants were included.We uncovered that BTG1 expression in solid tumors was associated w让h lymph node status(RR=0.66,95%CI:0.58-0.75,P=0.142),TMN stage status(RR=2.13,95%CI:1.71-2.65,P=0.001),T category(RR=1.90,95%CI:1.20-3.00,P=0.000),histological differentiation(RR-1.91,95%CI:1.55-2.37,7=0.012),vascular invasion(RR=0.90,95%CI:0.57-1.41,P=0.001).BTG1 low expression was significantly associated with overall survival(OS)(HR=0.47,95%CI:0.38-0.67,P=0.000).It concluded that BTG1 possessed the potential value for future research and could be recommended as a significant biomarker in solid tumor.
文摘Background： Both Parkinson＇s disease （PD） and multiple system atrophy （MSA） have associated sleep disorders related to the underlying neurodegenerative pathology. Clinically, MSA with predominant parkinsonism （MSA-P） resembles PD in the manifestation of prominent parkinsonism, Whether the amount of rapid eye movement （REM） sleep without atonia could be a potential marker for differentiating MSA-P from PD has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to examine whether sleep parameters could provide a method for differentiating MSA-P from PD. Methods： This study comprised 24 MSA-P patients and 30 PD patients, and they were of similar age, gender, and REM sleep behavior disorder （RBD） prevalence. All patients underwent clinical evaluation and one night of video-polysomnography recording. The tonic and phasic chin electromyogram （EMG） activity was manually quantified during REM sleep of each patient. We divided both groups in terms of whether they had RBD to make subgroup analysis. Results： No significant difference between MSA-P group and PD group had been tbund in clinical characteristics and sleep architecture. However, MSA-P patients had higher apnea-hypopnea index （AHI; 1.15 [0.00, 8.73]/h vs. 0.00 [0.00, 0.55]/h, P = 0.024） and higher tonic chin EMG density （34.02 [ 18.48, 57.18]% vs. 8.40 [3.11, 13.061%, P 〈 0.001 ） as compared to PD patients. Subgroup analysis found that tonic EMG density in MSA ＋ RBD subgroup was higher than that in PD ＋ RBD subgroup （55.04 [26.81,69.62]% vs. 11.40 [8.51,20.411%, P 〈 0.001 ）. Furthermore, no evidence of any difference in tonic EMG density emerged between PD ＋ RBD and MSA - RBD subgroups （P 〉 0.05）. Both disease duration （P = 0.056） and AHI （P = 0.051） showed no significant differences during subgroup analysis although there was a trend toward longer disease duration in PD ＋ RBD subgroup and higher AHI in MSA - RBD subgroup. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis identified the presence of MSA-P （[3 0.552, P 〈 0.001 ） and RBD （[3 = 0.433, P 〈 0.001 ） as predictors of higher tonic EMG density. Conclusion： Tonic chin EMG density could be a potential marker for differentiating MSA-P from PD.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81801253)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK20180214)the Suzhou Project of the Health Development through Technology &Education (No. KJXW2017036).
文摘To the Editor: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of vertigo. Recently, the diagnosis and treatment of BPPV have become areas of increased interest. As such, the levels of clinical diagnosis and treatment have greatly improved. While studies have been conducted worldwide examining the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of BPPV, very few have focused on the cost of diagnosis and treatment of BPPV. Therefore, the current study was designed to analyze the effects and expenditure of the different treatment strategies for BPPV, according to the effective screening of BPPV patients, and vertigo classification.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 91649114）,Jiangsu Provincial Special Program of Medical Science （No. BL2014042）, the Plans for Graduate Research and Innovation in Colleges and Universities of Jiangsu Province （No. KYZZ15_0334）, and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease （No. Szzx201503）. This was also partly supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions and Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline Project.
文摘Background： Parkinson＇s disease （PD） patients with long-term levodopa （L-DOPA） treatment are suffering from severe circadian dysfunction. However, it is hard to distinguish that the circadian disturbance in patients is due to the disease progression itself, or is affected by L-DOPA replacement therapy. This study was to investigate the role of L-DOPA on the circadian dysfunction in a rat model of PD. Methods： The rat model of PD was constructed by a bilateral striatal injection with 6-hydroxydopamine （6-OHDA）, followed by administration of saline or 25 mg/kg L-DOPA for 21 consecutive days. Rotarod test, footprint test, and open-field test were carried out to evaluate the motor function. Striatum, suprachiasmatic nucleus （SCN）, liver, and plasma were collected at 6：00, 12：00, 18：00, and 24：00. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the expression of clock genes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the secretion level of cortisol and melatonin. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the neurotransmitters. Analysis of variance was used for data analysis. Results： L-DOPA alleviated the motor deficits induced by 6-OHDA lesions in the footprint and open-field test （P 〈 0.01, P 〈 0.001, respectively）. After L-DOPA treatment, Bmall decreased in the SCN compared with 6-OHDA group at 12：00 （P 〈 0.01） and 24：00 （P 〈 0.001 ）. In the striatum, the expression ofBmall, Rorα was lower than that in the 6-OHDA group at 18：00 （P 〈 0.05） and L-DOPA seemed to delay the peak of Per2 to 24：00. In liver, L-DOPA did not affect the rhythmicity and expression of these clock genes （P 〉 0.05）. In addition, the cortisol secretion was increased （P 〉 0.05）, but melatonin was further inhibited after L-DOPA treatment at 6：00 （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions： In the circadian system of advanced PD rat models, circadian dysfunction is not only contributed by the degeneration of the disease itself but also long-term L-DOPA therapy may further aggravate it.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81908217,81801253 and 91649114)Natural Science foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.19KJB180007)+3 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Social Development Projects(Nos.BE2018658,BE2017653)Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline Project(No.ZDXKB2016022)Jiangsu Province Postgraduate Training Innovation Project(No.KYCX182545)Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease(No.Szzx201503)。
文摘Given the increasing incidence of neurodegenerative disease(ND),recent research efforts have intensified the search for curative treatments.Despite significant research,however,existing therapeutic options for ND can only slow down the progression of the disease,but not provide a cure.Light therapy(LT)has been used to treat some mental and sleep disorders.This review illustrates recent studies of the use of LT in patients with ND and highlights its potential for clinical applications.The literature was collected from PubMed through June 2020.Selected studies were primarily English articles or articles that could be obtained with English abstracts and Chinese main text.Articles were not limited by type.Additional potential publications were also identified from the bibliographies of identified articles and the authors’reference libraries.The identified literature suggests that LT is a safe and convenient physical method of treatment.It may alleviate sleep disorders,depression,cognitive function,and other clinical symptoms.However,some studies have reported limited or no effects.Therefore,LT represents an attractive therapeutic approach for further investigation in ND.LT is an effective physical form of therapy and a new direction for research into treatments for ND.However,it requires further animal experiments to elucidate mechanisms of action and large,double-blind,randomized,and controlled trials to explore true efficacy in patients with ND.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82174394,81673982,81704084)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(No.0121/2022/A3)+5 种基金the Faculty Research Grants of Macao University of Science and Technology(No.FRG-22-110-FC)the Natural Science Foundation of JiangsuProvince(No.BK20201401)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX21_1667)Chinese Medicine Technology Development Project of Jiangsu Province(No.QN202002)the Natural Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine(No.NZY81704084)the Open Projects of the Discipline of Chinese Medicine of Nanjing University Supported by the Subject of Academic priority discipline of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.ZYX03KF63)。
文摘Postoperative adhesion(PA)is currently one of the most unpleasant complications following surgical procedures.Researchers have developed several new strategies to alleviate the formation of PA to a great extent,but so far,no single measure or treatment can meet the expectations and requirements of clinical patients needing complete PA prevention.Chinese medicine(CM)has been widely used for thousands of years based on its remarkable efficacy and indispensable advantages CM treatments are gradually being accepted by modern medicine.Therefore,this review summarizes the formating process of PA and the efficacy and action mechanism of CM treatments,including their pharmacological effects,therapeutic mechanisms and advantages in PA prevention.We aim to improve the understanding of clinicians and researchers on CM prevention in the development of PA and promote the in-depth development and industrialization process of related drugs.
