Long-term storage of crop seeds is critical for the conservation of germplasm resources, ensuring food supply, and supporting sustainable production. Rice, as a major food staple, has a substantial stock for consumpti...Long-term storage of crop seeds is critical for the conservation of germplasm resources, ensuring food supply, and supporting sustainable production. Rice, as a major food staple, has a substantial stock for consumption and production worldwide. However, its food value and seed viability tend to decline during storage. Understanding the physiological responses and molecular mechanisms of aging tolerance forms the basis for enhancing seed storability in rice. This review outlines the latest progress in influential factors, evaluation methods, and identification indices of seed storability. It also discusses the physiological consequences, molecular mechanisms, and strategies for breeding aging-tolerant rice in detail. Finally, it highlights challenges in seed storability research that require future attention. This review offers a theoretical foundation and research direction for uncovering the mechanisms behind seed storability and breeding aging-tolerant rice.展开更多
Facing serious environmental problems,governments and manufacturers are taking action to reduce carbon emissions.Among these endeavors,carbon tax policy are widely adopted by governments,and trade-old-for-new(TON)and ...Facing serious environmental problems,governments and manufacturers are taking action to reduce carbon emissions.Among these endeavors,carbon tax policy are widely adopted by governments,and trade-old-for-new(TON)and trade-old-for-remanufactured(TOR)are offered by manufacturers and subsidized by governments.To explore the effects of remanufacturer competition and carbon tax on the manufacturer’s TON and TOR decisions and the environment,we formulate three profit maximization models and present some theoretical and numerical analyses.The results show that,under the remanufacturer competition and carbon tax,the manufacturer’s optimal price and production decisions mainly depend on consumer willingness and carbon tax rate.A higher consumer willingness to manufacturer’s remanufactured products will decrease the demand for the manufacturer’s TON,but it always increases the demand for the manufacturer’s TOR.A higher consumer willingness to remanufacturer’s products will not affect the demand for the manufacturer’s TON;however,it will reduce the demand for manufacturer’s TOR.In addition,we find that a higher carbon tax rate always reduces total carbon emission reduction,and that it may increase the manufacturer’s profit due to the increase in TOR demand.展开更多
To explore the green development of automobile enterprises and promote the achievement of the“dual carbon”target,based on the bounded rationality assumptions,this study constructed a tripartite evolutionary game mod...To explore the green development of automobile enterprises and promote the achievement of the“dual carbon”target,based on the bounded rationality assumptions,this study constructed a tripartite evolutionary game model of gov-ernment,commercial banks,and automobile enterprises;introduced a dynamic reward and punishment mechanism;and analyzed the development process of the three parties’strategic behavior under the static and dynamic reward and punish-ment mechanism.Vensim PLE was used for numerical simulation analysis.Our results indicate that the system could not reach a stable state under the static reward and punishment mechanism.A dynamic reward and punishment mechanism can effectively improve the system stability and better fit real situations.Under the dynamic reward and punishment mechan-ism,an increase in the initial probabilities of the three parties can promote the system stability,and the government can im-plement effective supervision by adjusting the upper limit of the reward and punishment intensity.Finally,the implementa-tion of green credit by commercial banks plays a significant role in promoting the green development of automobile enter-prises.展开更多
基金funded by the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovative Project of Hunan Province, China (Grant No. QL20220107)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province, China (Grant Nos. 2021RC4066 and 2023NK1010)the Special Funds for the Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan Province, China (Grant No. 2021NK1012)。
文摘Long-term storage of crop seeds is critical for the conservation of germplasm resources, ensuring food supply, and supporting sustainable production. Rice, as a major food staple, has a substantial stock for consumption and production worldwide. However, its food value and seed viability tend to decline during storage. Understanding the physiological responses and molecular mechanisms of aging tolerance forms the basis for enhancing seed storability in rice. This review outlines the latest progress in influential factors, evaluation methods, and identification indices of seed storability. It also discusses the physiological consequences, molecular mechanisms, and strategies for breeding aging-tolerant rice in detail. Finally, it highlights challenges in seed storability research that require future attention. This review offers a theoretical foundation and research direction for uncovering the mechanisms behind seed storability and breeding aging-tolerant rice.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71973001).
文摘Facing serious environmental problems,governments and manufacturers are taking action to reduce carbon emissions.Among these endeavors,carbon tax policy are widely adopted by governments,and trade-old-for-new(TON)and trade-old-for-remanufactured(TOR)are offered by manufacturers and subsidized by governments.To explore the effects of remanufacturer competition and carbon tax on the manufacturer’s TON and TOR decisions and the environment,we formulate three profit maximization models and present some theoretical and numerical analyses.The results show that,under the remanufacturer competition and carbon tax,the manufacturer’s optimal price and production decisions mainly depend on consumer willingness and carbon tax rate.A higher consumer willingness to manufacturer’s remanufactured products will decrease the demand for the manufacturer’s TON,but it always increases the demand for the manufacturer’s TOR.A higher consumer willingness to remanufacturer’s products will not affect the demand for the manufacturer’s TON;however,it will reduce the demand for manufacturer’s TOR.In addition,we find that a higher carbon tax rate always reduces total carbon emission reduction,and that it may increase the manufacturer’s profit due to the increase in TOR demand.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71973001).
文摘To explore the green development of automobile enterprises and promote the achievement of the“dual carbon”target,based on the bounded rationality assumptions,this study constructed a tripartite evolutionary game model of gov-ernment,commercial banks,and automobile enterprises;introduced a dynamic reward and punishment mechanism;and analyzed the development process of the three parties’strategic behavior under the static and dynamic reward and punish-ment mechanism.Vensim PLE was used for numerical simulation analysis.Our results indicate that the system could not reach a stable state under the static reward and punishment mechanism.A dynamic reward and punishment mechanism can effectively improve the system stability and better fit real situations.Under the dynamic reward and punishment mechan-ism,an increase in the initial probabilities of the three parties can promote the system stability,and the government can im-plement effective supervision by adjusting the upper limit of the reward and punishment intensity.Finally,the implementa-tion of green credit by commercial banks plays a significant role in promoting the green development of automobile enter-prises.
