【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference fo...【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference for the manufacture and application of both microbial agents and Si fertilizer in food lily production.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted over a three-year period,from March 2019 to March 2022.The experimental field had been continuously cultivated with lily for 9 years.Three treatments were established:silicon fertilizer(SF),microbial agents(“Special 8^(TM)”,MF),and combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents(SMF).A control group with blank soil(CK)was also included.At seedling stage of Lanzhou lilies in 2020 and 2021,the shoot and bulb dry weight,and the plant height and stem diameter of Lanzhou lilies were investigated for calculation of seedling index.In July 2020,20 plants were selected in each plot,and root zone soils were sampled at a depth of 20 cm,10 cm away from the roots,and then mixed to form a composite sample.The soil available Si and organic matter content were analyzed,and the fungal community structure and some specific microbial groups in soils were determined with high-throughput sequencing of ITS.【Results】All the three treatments significantly enhanced the lily plant growth and the seedling index,compared to CK.Besides,SF and MF treatments increased the relative abundances(RA)and diversity of fungal communities,and altered the community structures.The RA of some specific groups were found to be significantly correlated with the seedling index and/or soil available Si.Of them,the RA of the genera Fusarium,Dactylonectria,Humicola,Stilbella,and the species Humicola_grisea showed a positive correlation,while that of the genera Mortierella,Stilbella,Holtermanniella,and the species Mortierella_fatshederae showed a negative correlation with seedling index.The genera Fusarium,Stilbella,the species Humicola_grisea,and Dactylonectria_estremocensis showed a positive correlation,while the genura Stilbella,and the species Mortierella fatshederae showed a negative correlation with available Si content.In the co-occurence network of top twenty fungal genera and top sixteen bacterial genera(RA>0.2%),Holtermanniella was the only genus that interacted with the bacteria and negatively correlated with bacterial genus Blastococcus.Holtermanniella was also the most densely connected genera,followed by the genus Fusarium,Didymella and Humicola.In addition,the genus Holtermanniella was the key species connecting fungal and bacterial community in soil.Fungal functional prediction revealed that SF,MF and SMF treatments decreased plant pathogens guilds and increased the beneficial guilds Ectomycorrhizal,plant saprophyte,leaf saprophyte,and arbuscular mycorrhizal compared to CK.【Conclusions】Combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents can alleviate continuous replanting problems of Lanzhou lilies through restoring the fungal community diversity,and promoting plant residue depredation,thus reducing soil born disease incidence.The beneficial genus Humicola and its one species H.grisea acts as bioconversion,and the genus Acremonium acts as plant pathogen inhibitor.展开更多
为分离鉴定鸡滑液囊支原体(MS),并评估其致病性和免疫保护效果,本实验无菌采集南阳市多家鸡场35份疑似MS发病鸡的关节腔粘液和关节组织,通过病原分离培养后观察菌落、PCR鉴定并测序。结果显示,在改良Friis固体培养基上可见圆形、边缘整...为分离鉴定鸡滑液囊支原体(MS),并评估其致病性和免疫保护效果,本实验无菌采集南阳市多家鸡场35份疑似MS发病鸡的关节腔粘液和关节组织,通过病原分离培养后观察菌落、PCR鉴定并测序。结果显示,在改良Friis固体培养基上可见圆形、边缘整齐、隆起的“煎蛋样”菌落形态;PCR可以扩增到16S r RNA基因目的条带,扩增产物测序后与NCBI中登录的ATCC 25204标准菌株16S r RNA基因序列比对,结果显示二者的同源性达99%以上,本实验共分离到5株MS。选择ZP-1株进行生物学特性研究,通过颜色变化单位(CCU)试验测定其生长滴度、采用试剂盒测定其代谢产生的H_(2)O_(2)水平。结果显示,在培养24 h~36 h后,ZP-1株的生长滴度最高可达10^(12)CCU/mL,具有生长速度快、滴度高的特点。在甘油存在的情况下,ZP-1株产生H_(2)O_(2)的相对水平极显著高于弱毒疫苗株(P<0.001)。将ZP-1株分别通过足垫和静脉注射感染SPF鸡,评估其致病性;利用该菌株制备灭活疫苗经皮下接种鸡后攻毒,分析ZP-1株的免疫保护效果。结果显示,该分离株可复制出MS典型症状及病变;利用该菌株制备的灭活疫苗对鸡的攻毒保护率可达80%,高于商品化疫苗,其降低MS关节组织定植水平和MS抗体水平与商品化疫苗一致。本研究获得了具有较高生长滴度(10^(12)CCU/mL)的MS分离株ZP-1,发现利用该MS分离株制备的灭活疫苗具有较好的免疫保护效果,为MS疫苗的研发奠定了基础。展开更多
基金Key Research project of Gansu Province of China(22YF7NA108)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860549)+1 种基金Industry Supporting Project from Education Department of Gansu Province(2023CYZC-49)Major Science and Technology project of Gansu province(24ZDNA006)。
文摘【Objectives】Si and microbial application could relieve the crop replanting problems(CRPs).We further studied the change of key microorganisms that are related to the beneficial effects,aiming at provide reference for the manufacture and application of both microbial agents and Si fertilizer in food lily production.【Methods】A field experiment was conducted over a three-year period,from March 2019 to March 2022.The experimental field had been continuously cultivated with lily for 9 years.Three treatments were established:silicon fertilizer(SF),microbial agents(“Special 8^(TM)”,MF),and combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents(SMF).A control group with blank soil(CK)was also included.At seedling stage of Lanzhou lilies in 2020 and 2021,the shoot and bulb dry weight,and the plant height and stem diameter of Lanzhou lilies were investigated for calculation of seedling index.In July 2020,20 plants were selected in each plot,and root zone soils were sampled at a depth of 20 cm,10 cm away from the roots,and then mixed to form a composite sample.The soil available Si and organic matter content were analyzed,and the fungal community structure and some specific microbial groups in soils were determined with high-throughput sequencing of ITS.【Results】All the three treatments significantly enhanced the lily plant growth and the seedling index,compared to CK.Besides,SF and MF treatments increased the relative abundances(RA)and diversity of fungal communities,and altered the community structures.The RA of some specific groups were found to be significantly correlated with the seedling index and/or soil available Si.Of them,the RA of the genera Fusarium,Dactylonectria,Humicola,Stilbella,and the species Humicola_grisea showed a positive correlation,while that of the genera Mortierella,Stilbella,Holtermanniella,and the species Mortierella_fatshederae showed a negative correlation with seedling index.The genera Fusarium,Stilbella,the species Humicola_grisea,and Dactylonectria_estremocensis showed a positive correlation,while the genura Stilbella,and the species Mortierella fatshederae showed a negative correlation with available Si content.In the co-occurence network of top twenty fungal genera and top sixteen bacterial genera(RA>0.2%),Holtermanniella was the only genus that interacted with the bacteria and negatively correlated with bacterial genus Blastococcus.Holtermanniella was also the most densely connected genera,followed by the genus Fusarium,Didymella and Humicola.In addition,the genus Holtermanniella was the key species connecting fungal and bacterial community in soil.Fungal functional prediction revealed that SF,MF and SMF treatments decreased plant pathogens guilds and increased the beneficial guilds Ectomycorrhizal,plant saprophyte,leaf saprophyte,and arbuscular mycorrhizal compared to CK.【Conclusions】Combined application of silicon fertilizer and microbial agents can alleviate continuous replanting problems of Lanzhou lilies through restoring the fungal community diversity,and promoting plant residue depredation,thus reducing soil born disease incidence.The beneficial genus Humicola and its one species H.grisea acts as bioconversion,and the genus Acremonium acts as plant pathogen inhibitor.
文摘为分离鉴定鸡滑液囊支原体(MS),并评估其致病性和免疫保护效果,本实验无菌采集南阳市多家鸡场35份疑似MS发病鸡的关节腔粘液和关节组织,通过病原分离培养后观察菌落、PCR鉴定并测序。结果显示,在改良Friis固体培养基上可见圆形、边缘整齐、隆起的“煎蛋样”菌落形态;PCR可以扩增到16S r RNA基因目的条带,扩增产物测序后与NCBI中登录的ATCC 25204标准菌株16S r RNA基因序列比对,结果显示二者的同源性达99%以上,本实验共分离到5株MS。选择ZP-1株进行生物学特性研究,通过颜色变化单位(CCU)试验测定其生长滴度、采用试剂盒测定其代谢产生的H_(2)O_(2)水平。结果显示,在培养24 h~36 h后,ZP-1株的生长滴度最高可达10^(12)CCU/mL,具有生长速度快、滴度高的特点。在甘油存在的情况下,ZP-1株产生H_(2)O_(2)的相对水平极显著高于弱毒疫苗株(P<0.001)。将ZP-1株分别通过足垫和静脉注射感染SPF鸡,评估其致病性;利用该菌株制备灭活疫苗经皮下接种鸡后攻毒,分析ZP-1株的免疫保护效果。结果显示,该分离株可复制出MS典型症状及病变;利用该菌株制备的灭活疫苗对鸡的攻毒保护率可达80%,高于商品化疫苗,其降低MS关节组织定植水平和MS抗体水平与商品化疫苗一致。本研究获得了具有较高生长滴度(10^(12)CCU/mL)的MS分离株ZP-1,发现利用该MS分离株制备的灭活疫苗具有较好的免疫保护效果,为MS疫苗的研发奠定了基础。
基金国家国际科技合作与交流专项(2014DFG31570)国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-10-P18)资助+1 种基金supported by the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(2014DFG31570)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-10-P18)
