This study conducted karyotype analysis on 56 Chinese kale varieties from Guangdong and Fujian provinces using conventional chromosome analysis methods.The varieties were categorized into four groups based on their or...This study conducted karyotype analysis on 56 Chinese kale varieties from Guangdong and Fujian provinces using conventional chromosome analysis methods.The varieties were categorized into four groups based on their origin and flower color:white-flower Chinese kale originating from Guangdong(GW),yellow-flower Chinese kale originating from Guangdong(GY),white-flower Chinese kale originating from Fujian(FW),and yellow-flower Chinese kale originating from Fujian(FY).Karyotype differences among the four groups of Chinese kale were analyzed,and the evolutionary relationship between yellow-flower and white-flower Chinese kale from the two regions was inferred based on karyotype parameters.The results indicated that all Chinese kale varieties were diploid with 2n=2x=18,including a pair of satellites.The chromosome types included median-centromere(m)and sub-median-centromere(sm),and the karyotypes were 1A and 2A,a sper karyotype asymmetry index.The karyotype 1A of Chinese kale was identified for the first time.Partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)identified nine karyotypic indicators that differentiated the four groups,and these differences were further visualized using heatmaps and box plots.Based on the evolution trends in the four groups and PLS-DA analysis,it was speculated that white-flower Chinese kale originated from Guangdong,yellow-flower Chinese kale originated from Fujian,and GY and FW were derived from the cross of GW and FY.This study provides a reference for understanding the genetic relationships between Chinese kale in Guangdong and Fujian,and offers a cytological basis for the evolution,hybridization,and phylogenetic relationships of Chinese kale.展开更多
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372732,32372683,32460750,32072586,31500247)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023ZYD0090,24NSFSC0404,2025ZNSFSC1112)+2 种基金Sichuan Innovation Team of National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(SCCXTD-2024-05)Key Laboratory of Storage of Agricultural Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Aairs(kt202410)Chengdu Science and Technology Program(2024-YF05-02375-SN).
文摘This study conducted karyotype analysis on 56 Chinese kale varieties from Guangdong and Fujian provinces using conventional chromosome analysis methods.The varieties were categorized into four groups based on their origin and flower color:white-flower Chinese kale originating from Guangdong(GW),yellow-flower Chinese kale originating from Guangdong(GY),white-flower Chinese kale originating from Fujian(FW),and yellow-flower Chinese kale originating from Fujian(FY).Karyotype differences among the four groups of Chinese kale were analyzed,and the evolutionary relationship between yellow-flower and white-flower Chinese kale from the two regions was inferred based on karyotype parameters.The results indicated that all Chinese kale varieties were diploid with 2n=2x=18,including a pair of satellites.The chromosome types included median-centromere(m)and sub-median-centromere(sm),and the karyotypes were 1A and 2A,a sper karyotype asymmetry index.The karyotype 1A of Chinese kale was identified for the first time.Partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA)identified nine karyotypic indicators that differentiated the four groups,and these differences were further visualized using heatmaps and box plots.Based on the evolution trends in the four groups and PLS-DA analysis,it was speculated that white-flower Chinese kale originated from Guangdong,yellow-flower Chinese kale originated from Fujian,and GY and FW were derived from the cross of GW and FY.This study provides a reference for understanding the genetic relationships between Chinese kale in Guangdong and Fujian,and offers a cytological basis for the evolution,hybridization,and phylogenetic relationships of Chinese kale.
