Additional hemodynamic parameters are highly desirable in the clinical management of intracranial aneurysm rupture as static medical images cannot demonstrate the blood flow within aneurysms. There are two ways of obt...Additional hemodynamic parameters are highly desirable in the clinical management of intracranial aneurysm rupture as static medical images cannot demonstrate the blood flow within aneurysms. There are two ways of obtaining the hemodynamic information-by phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PCMRI) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this paper, we compared PCMRI and CFD in the analysis of a stable patient's specific aneurysm. The results showed that PCMRI and CFD are in good agreement with each other. An additional CFD study of two stable and two ruptured aneurysms revealed that ruptured aneurysms have a higher statistical average blood velocity, wall shear stress, and oscillatory shear index (OSI) within the aneurysm sac compared to those of stable aneurysms. Furthermore, for ruptured aneurysms, the OSI divides the positive and negative wall shear stress divergence at the aneurysm sac.展开更多
Background: Polyamines are essential for cell growth and beneficial for intestinal maturation. To evaluate the effects of putrescine on alleviating intestinal atrophy and underlying molecular mechanisms, both in vivo ...Background: Polyamines are essential for cell growth and beneficial for intestinal maturation. To evaluate the effects of putrescine on alleviating intestinal atrophy and underlying molecular mechanisms, both in vivo feeding trial and in vitro cell culture were conducted. Weanling pigs were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 0.1%, 0.2% or0.3% putrescine dihydrochloride, whereas porcine intestinal epithelial cells(IPEC-J2) were challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in the presence of 200 μmol/L putrescine.Results: Dietary supplementation with 0.2% putrescine dihydrochloride decreased the incidence of diarrhea with an improvement in intestinal integrity. Inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity decreased the proliferation and migration of IPEC-J2 cells, and this effect was alleviated by the supplementation with putrescine. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase and focal adhesion kinase was enhanced by putrescine. LPS increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin 6(IL-6) and IL-8],and inhibited cell proliferation and migration in IPEC-J2 cells. Adding exogenous putrescine suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, and recovered cell migration and proliferation in LPS-treated IPEC-J2 cells. Dietary putrescine supplementation also reduced the m RNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 and their upstream regulator nuclear receptor kappa B p65 subunit in the jejunal mucosa of piglets.Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with putrescine mitigated mucosal atrophy in weanling piglets through improving anti-inflammatory function and suppressing inflammatory response. Our results have important implications for nutritional management of intestinal integrity and health in weanling piglets and other neonates.展开更多
The molecular mechanisms of energy status related to the umami taste of postharvest shiitake mushrooms during spore release remain poorly understood.In this study,the variations of energy status and umami taste of mus...The molecular mechanisms of energy status related to the umami taste of postharvest shiitake mushrooms during spore release remain poorly understood.In this study,the variations of energy status and umami taste of mushrooms were measured at 25℃.At 24 h storage,slight spore prints of mushrooms were first pictured,respiration peaked.Significant ATP decrease and ADP increase were also observed as the initiation of postharvest senescence(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the activities of phosphohexose isomerase,succinate dehydrogenase,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase and the contents of umami nucleotides and amino acids were maintained at higher levels in mushrooms with spore release.Notably,the equivalent umami concentration(EUC)was strongly correlated with energy levels(R=0.80).Fifteen related gene expression levels in the energy metabolism pathway were downregulated.LecpdP1 and LeAK were significantly expressed in the conversion of ATP into AMP and played key roles in connecting the energy state and umami level.These results provided valuable insights on the umami taste associated with energy metabolism mechanism during postharvest mushroom spore release.展开更多
Owing to their limited accuracy and narrow applicability,current antimicrobial peptide(AMP)prediction models face obstacles in industrial application.To address these limitations,we developed and improved an AMP predi...Owing to their limited accuracy and narrow applicability,current antimicrobial peptide(AMP)prediction models face obstacles in industrial application.To address these limitations,we developed and improved an AMP prediction model using Comparing and Optimizing Multiple DEep Learning(COMDEL)algorithms,coupled with high-throughput AMP screening method,finally reaching an accuracy of 94.8%in test and 88%in experiment verification,surpassing other state-of-the-art models.In conjunction with COMDEL,we employed the phage-assisted evolution method to screen Sortase in vivo and developed a cell-free AMP synthesis system in vitro,ultimately increasing AMPs yields to a range of 0.5-2.1 g/L within hours.Moreover,by multi-omics analysis using COMDEL,we identified Lactobacillus plantarum as the most promising candidate for AMP generation among 35 edible probiotics.Following this,we developed a microdroplet sorting approach and successfully screened three L.plantarum mutants,each showing a twofold increase in antimicrobial ability,underscoring their substantial industrial application values.展开更多
Stable and continuous remote sensing land-cover mapping is important for agriculture,ecosystems,and land management.Convolutional neural networks(CNNs)are promising methods for achieving this goal.However,the large nu...Stable and continuous remote sensing land-cover mapping is important for agriculture,ecosystems,and land management.Convolutional neural networks(CNNs)are promising methods for achieving this goal.However,the large number of high-quality training samples required to train a CNN is difficult to acquire.In practice,imbalanced and noisy labels originating from existing land-cover maps can be used as alternatives.Experiments have shown that the inconsistency in the training samples has a significant impact on the performance of the CNN.To overcome this drawback,a method is proposed to inject highly consistent information into the network,to learn general and transferable features to alleviate the impact of imperfect training samples.Spectral indices are important features that can provide consistent information.These indices can be fused with CNN feature maps which utilize information entropy to choose the most appropriate CNN layer,to compensate for the inconsistency caused by the imbalanced,noisy labels.The proposed transferable CNN,tested with imbalanced and noisy labels for inter-regional Landsat time-series,not only is superior in terms of accuracy for land-cover mapping but also demonstrates excellent transferability between regions in both time series and cross-regional Landsat image classification.展开更多
The accurate diagnosis of tumor at the early stage depends on efficient medical imaging methods using probes with high sensitivity to the environment of tumor cells.For this purpose,we design the Fe_(3)O_(4)-rhodamine...The accurate diagnosis of tumor at the early stage depends on efficient medical imaging methods using probes with high sensitivity to the environment of tumor cells.For this purpose,we design the Fe_(3)O_(4)-rhodamine 6 G(Rh6G)nanoparticles(NPs)as a kind of dual-mode probe for fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The Fe_(3)O_(4)-Rh6G NPs are demonstrated to be Fe^(3+)enhanced and pH-sensitive fluorescent agents,and the strongest fluorescence performance occurs under the pH value of 3.Cyto-toxicity assessment in HeLa cells proves the good biocompatibility and low toxicity of the Fe_(3)O_(4)-Rh6G NPs.The consequent fluorescence experiments in tumor cells show good imaging contrast,which is con-tributed by both the Fe^(3+)released from Fe_(3)O_(4)and the acid environment of tumor cells.Moreover,the Fe_(3)O_(4)-Rh6G NPs are superparamagnetic and have a strong MRI T 2 contrast effect.According to the per-formance in fluorescence and MRI tests,the Fe_(3)O_(4)-Rh6G NPs are potential dual-mode probes for MRI contrast agents and fluorescence probes with high biocompatibility for early-stage tumor detection.展开更多
To the Editor:Cancer has been the leading cause of death worldwide and in China since 2010.[1]As advances are made in the treatment of cancer,the survival rate of cancer improves;at the same time,many cancer patients ...To the Editor:Cancer has been the leading cause of death worldwide and in China since 2010.[1]As advances are made in the treatment of cancer,the survival rate of cancer improves;at the same time,many cancer patients and cancer survivors suffer from cardiovascular disease(CVD)as a result of intense anticancer treatment.[2-4]To prevent and treat cardiovascular problems mediated by cancer treatments,a new medical discipline called cardiooncology was established.Although the field of cardiooncology has existed for 20 years,[5]its development in China is still in the early stages.展开更多
基金supported by the Independent Research Fund of Tsinghua University (Grant 20141081265)
文摘Additional hemodynamic parameters are highly desirable in the clinical management of intracranial aneurysm rupture as static medical images cannot demonstrate the blood flow within aneurysms. There are two ways of obtaining the hemodynamic information-by phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PCMRI) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In this paper, we compared PCMRI and CFD in the analysis of a stable patient's specific aneurysm. The results showed that PCMRI and CFD are in good agreement with each other. An additional CFD study of two stable and two ruptured aneurysms revealed that ruptured aneurysms have a higher statistical average blood velocity, wall shear stress, and oscillatory shear index (OSI) within the aneurysm sac compared to those of stable aneurysms. Furthermore, for ruptured aneurysms, the OSI divides the positive and negative wall shear stress divergence at the aneurysm sac.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31672438)the Elite Youth Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(to XL)Texas A&M Agri Life Research H-8200(to GW)
文摘Background: Polyamines are essential for cell growth and beneficial for intestinal maturation. To evaluate the effects of putrescine on alleviating intestinal atrophy and underlying molecular mechanisms, both in vivo feeding trial and in vitro cell culture were conducted. Weanling pigs were fed a diet supplemented with 0, 0.1%, 0.2% or0.3% putrescine dihydrochloride, whereas porcine intestinal epithelial cells(IPEC-J2) were challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in the presence of 200 μmol/L putrescine.Results: Dietary supplementation with 0.2% putrescine dihydrochloride decreased the incidence of diarrhea with an improvement in intestinal integrity. Inhibition of ornithine decarboxylase activity decreased the proliferation and migration of IPEC-J2 cells, and this effect was alleviated by the supplementation with putrescine. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase and focal adhesion kinase was enhanced by putrescine. LPS increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interleukin 6(IL-6) and IL-8],and inhibited cell proliferation and migration in IPEC-J2 cells. Adding exogenous putrescine suppressed the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, and recovered cell migration and proliferation in LPS-treated IPEC-J2 cells. Dietary putrescine supplementation also reduced the m RNA levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 and their upstream regulator nuclear receptor kappa B p65 subunit in the jejunal mucosa of piglets.Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with putrescine mitigated mucosal atrophy in weanling piglets through improving anti-inflammatory function and suppressing inflammatory response. Our results have important implications for nutritional management of intestinal integrity and health in weanling piglets and other neonates.
基金supported by Liaoning Province Science and Technology Planning Project (2021JH5/10400011& 2020JH2/10200013)the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Project of Liaoning Province (2021JH6/10500133)Shenyang Agricultural University, high-end talent introduction fund (SYAU20160003)
文摘The molecular mechanisms of energy status related to the umami taste of postharvest shiitake mushrooms during spore release remain poorly understood.In this study,the variations of energy status and umami taste of mushrooms were measured at 25℃.At 24 h storage,slight spore prints of mushrooms were first pictured,respiration peaked.Significant ATP decrease and ADP increase were also observed as the initiation of postharvest senescence(P<0.05).Meanwhile,the activities of phosphohexose isomerase,succinate dehydrogenase,glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase and the contents of umami nucleotides and amino acids were maintained at higher levels in mushrooms with spore release.Notably,the equivalent umami concentration(EUC)was strongly correlated with energy levels(R=0.80).Fifteen related gene expression levels in the energy metabolism pathway were downregulated.LecpdP1 and LeAK were significantly expressed in the conversion of ATP into AMP and played key roles in connecting the energy state and umami level.These results provided valuable insights on the umami taste associated with energy metabolism mechanism during postharvest mushroom spore release.
基金supported by a grant from the Hubei University of Science and Technology Program(No.BK202417,China)Doctoral Special Research Fund Launch Project of Jiamusi University(JMSUBZ2021-12,China)Youth Innovative Talent Cultivation Support Plan of Jiamusi University(JMSUQP2022016,China)。
文摘Owing to their limited accuracy and narrow applicability,current antimicrobial peptide(AMP)prediction models face obstacles in industrial application.To address these limitations,we developed and improved an AMP prediction model using Comparing and Optimizing Multiple DEep Learning(COMDEL)algorithms,coupled with high-throughput AMP screening method,finally reaching an accuracy of 94.8%in test and 88%in experiment verification,surpassing other state-of-the-art models.In conjunction with COMDEL,we employed the phage-assisted evolution method to screen Sortase in vivo and developed a cell-free AMP synthesis system in vitro,ultimately increasing AMPs yields to a range of 0.5-2.1 g/L within hours.Moreover,by multi-omics analysis using COMDEL,we identified Lactobacillus plantarum as the most promising candidate for AMP generation among 35 edible probiotics.Following this,we developed a microdroplet sorting approach and successfully screened three L.plantarum mutants,each showing a twofold increase in antimicrobial ability,underscoring their substantial industrial application values.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[41801233,41761087]Ningbo Science and Technology Innovation Project[2020Z019]Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province[2020GXNSFBA159012].
文摘Stable and continuous remote sensing land-cover mapping is important for agriculture,ecosystems,and land management.Convolutional neural networks(CNNs)are promising methods for achieving this goal.However,the large number of high-quality training samples required to train a CNN is difficult to acquire.In practice,imbalanced and noisy labels originating from existing land-cover maps can be used as alternatives.Experiments have shown that the inconsistency in the training samples has a significant impact on the performance of the CNN.To overcome this drawback,a method is proposed to inject highly consistent information into the network,to learn general and transferable features to alleviate the impact of imperfect training samples.Spectral indices are important features that can provide consistent information.These indices can be fused with CNN feature maps which utilize information entropy to choose the most appropriate CNN layer,to compensate for the inconsistency caused by the imbalanced,noisy labels.The proposed transferable CNN,tested with imbalanced and noisy labels for inter-regional Landsat time-series,not only is superior in terms of accuracy for land-cover mapping but also demonstrates excellent transferability between regions in both time series and cross-regional Landsat image classification.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1204000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52061135205,51971024,51971023,51927802,and 51671019)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation Key Program(Grant No.Z190007).
文摘The accurate diagnosis of tumor at the early stage depends on efficient medical imaging methods using probes with high sensitivity to the environment of tumor cells.For this purpose,we design the Fe_(3)O_(4)-rhodamine 6 G(Rh6G)nanoparticles(NPs)as a kind of dual-mode probe for fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).The Fe_(3)O_(4)-Rh6G NPs are demonstrated to be Fe^(3+)enhanced and pH-sensitive fluorescent agents,and the strongest fluorescence performance occurs under the pH value of 3.Cyto-toxicity assessment in HeLa cells proves the good biocompatibility and low toxicity of the Fe_(3)O_(4)-Rh6G NPs.The consequent fluorescence experiments in tumor cells show good imaging contrast,which is con-tributed by both the Fe^(3+)released from Fe_(3)O_(4)and the acid environment of tumor cells.Moreover,the Fe_(3)O_(4)-Rh6G NPs are superparamagnetic and have a strong MRI T 2 contrast effect.According to the per-formance in fluorescence and MRI tests,the Fe_(3)O_(4)-Rh6G NPs are potential dual-mode probes for MRI contrast agents and fluorescence probes with high biocompatibility for early-stage tumor detection.
文摘To the Editor:Cancer has been the leading cause of death worldwide and in China since 2010.[1]As advances are made in the treatment of cancer,the survival rate of cancer improves;at the same time,many cancer patients and cancer survivors suffer from cardiovascular disease(CVD)as a result of intense anticancer treatment.[2-4]To prevent and treat cardiovascular problems mediated by cancer treatments,a new medical discipline called cardiooncology was established.Although the field of cardiooncology has existed for 20 years,[5]its development in China is still in the early stages.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China （No. 2016YFC0902800）, National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 81230055 and 81530006 to Ruibao Ren）, and the Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foudation Co-PI Program. We thank Huanbin Zhao, Min Wu, Chun Zhang, Mingzhu Liu, Zhangsen Huang, and Lingyun Tang for technical assistance.
