The fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)modules is extremely serious due to their high capacity.Moreover,once a battery catches fire,it can easily result in a fire of the entire LIBs modules.In this work,a sandw...The fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)modules is extremely serious due to their high capacity.Moreover,once a battery catches fire,it can easily result in a fire of the entire LIBs modules.In this work,a sandwich structure composite thermal insulation(STI)board(copper//silica dioxide aerogel//copper)with the advantages of low thermal conductivity(0.031 W m-1K-1),low surface radiation emissivity(0.1)and good thermal convection inhibition effect has been designed.The thermal runaway(TR)occurrence time of adjacent LIBs increases from 1384 s to more than 6 h+due to the protection of STI board.No TR propagation occurs within LIBs modules with protect of a STI board when a battery catches fire.The ultra-strong-heat-shielding mechanism of STI board has been revealed.The TR propagation of LIBs modules has been insulated effectively by STI board through reducing the heat transfer of convection,conduction and radiation.The air flow rate between the heater and LIBs and radiant heat absorbed by LIBs decrease by 63.5%and 35.1%with protection of STI board,respectively.A high temperature difference inside the STI board is also formed.This work provides direction for the designing of safe thermal insulation board for LIBs modules.展开更多
Li-air batteries are an extremely attractive technology for electrical energy storage,especially in long-range electric vehicles,owing to their high theoretical specific energy.However,many issues still exist before t...Li-air batteries are an extremely attractive technology for electrical energy storage,especially in long-range electric vehicles,owing to their high theoretical specific energy.However,many issues still exist before their practical realization.Herein,the sole complexity of electrode reaction in Li-air batteries is presented.And the critical components that influence the electrochemical performance of aprotic Li-air batteries operating in ambient air are discussed.These include the mechanisms and pathways of CO_(2)/Li_(2)CO_(3) and H_(2)O/LiOH,catalysts of CO_(2) reduction/evolution reactions,and reactions between the Li anode and air constituents.If these challenges can be solved,Li-air batteries will soon be realized for practical application.Some hot topics in field of Li-air batteries should be focused,such as the fundamental mechanism research referring to interfacial reactions of atmosphere components on porous electrode and Li metal anode,high-efficiency solid catalyst design,and discovery of suitable soluble redox mediators.展开更多
In this work,we have successfully prepared a novel separator modified with N,S co-doped carbon framework(named NSPCF)with confined CoS_(2) nanoparticles and rooted carbon nanotubes material(named NSPCF@CoS_(2))to appl...In this work,we have successfully prepared a novel separator modified with N,S co-doped carbon framework(named NSPCF)with confined CoS_(2) nanoparticles and rooted carbon nanotubes material(named NSPCF@CoS_(2))to apply for high-performance Lithium-Sulfur batteries(Li-S batteries).Robust carbon structure with large specific surface can act as a physical barrier and possess physical adsorption effect on lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).In addition,highly-conductive carbon can improve integral conductivity,leading to the fast charge transport and reaction kinetics.Also,doping heteroatoms could form more active sites to adsorb LiPSs strongly so that modified separator could inhibit the shuttle effect effectively.Moreover,the presence of CoS_(2) further enhances the ability of modified separator to trap LiPSs owing to the Lewis acid-base action.As a result,the NSPCF@CoS_(2)@C-150 battery can deliver initial discharge capacities of 863.0,776.2,649.1 and 489.4 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1,0.5,1 and 2C with a high sulfur loading of 2.04 mg cm^(-2),respectively.Notably,when turning the current density back to 0.1 C,its discharge capacity can recover to 1008.7 mAh g^(-1).In addition,the modified separators exhibit outstanding capacities to restrain the growth of lithium dendrites.It is noteworthy that the flame retardant performances of Li-S batteries are improved dramatically owing to the novel structures of modified separators.This rationally designed separator endows Li-S batteries with higher safety and excellent electrochemical performances,providing a feasible strategy for practical application of Li-S batteries.展开更多
Owing to unprecedented merits such as high theoretical capacity,superior energy density and low cost,lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)show a bright future both in scientific and industrial areas.Whereas,the inherent issu...Owing to unprecedented merits such as high theoretical capacity,superior energy density and low cost,lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)show a bright future both in scientific and industrial areas.Whereas,the inherent issues,including highly insulating character,undesired shuttle behavior and lithium dendrites growth,are seriously impeding its practical usage.Here,a metal-organic-frameworks(MOFs)derived N,S co-doped carbon nanotube hollow architecture confining with CoS_(2) nanoparticles(CoS_(2)/NSCNHF)modified separator is designed to surmount these obstacles.Compared with Celgard separator,this designed separator shows obviously enhanced flame retardancy,giving 73.1%and 53.0%reductions in peak heat release rate and total heat release,separately.Concretely,its hollow structure,conductive feature,electrocatalytic activity and Lewis acid-base interaction enable the efficient inhibition on shuttle behavior as well as boost in polysulfides conversion kinetics.The cell with modified separator delivers a high discharge capacity of 1,284.5 mAh·g^(−1).After running for 100 cycles,a discharge capacity of 661.3 mAh·g^(−1) is remained.Markedly,the suppression on lithium dendrites growth is also observed,manifesting the enhanced battery safety.Overall,this work may shed light on the effective usage of MOFs-derived hierarchical composite in achieving LSBs with high electrochemical performance as well as safety.展开更多
二氧化锡(SnO_(2))具有高的理论比容量,有望作为下一代锂离子电池负极材料.然而,Sn向SnO_(2)的不可逆转化以及充放电过程中巨大的体积变化限制了其实际的应用.本文基于三维互连多孔氧化铝模板,设计合成了一种由内腔同时填充NiO和SnO_(2...二氧化锡(SnO_(2))具有高的理论比容量,有望作为下一代锂离子电池负极材料.然而,Sn向SnO_(2)的不可逆转化以及充放电过程中巨大的体积变化限制了其实际的应用.本文基于三维互连多孔氧化铝模板,设计合成了一种由内腔同时填充NiO和SnO_(2)纳米颗粒的碳管基元相互连接组成的三维碳管网格膜,可以直接作为自支撑的高性能锂离子电池负极.该复合框架利用了NiO和SnO_(2)纳米颗粒的协同作用,不仅能够促进Sn向SnO_(2)的可逆转变,提高首次库伦效率,而且还可以缓释充放电过程中SnO_(2)剧烈的体积变化.此外,相互连接的三维碳管框架可以负载大量NiO和SnO_(2)纳米颗粒,缩短Li+的扩散距离,并作为快速的电子传输通道.因此,这种独特的结构赋予了该电极超高的储锂容量和倍率性能在1 A g^(-1)循环200次后,比容量达到928.5 mA h g^(-1),并且在4 A g^(-1)的高电流密度下仍然具有633.5 mA h g^(-1)的比容量.总之,这种独特的一体化结构在锂离子电池等储能领域具有广阔的应用前景.展开更多
基金the support from the National Science and Technology Major Project(J2019-VIII-00100171)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51991352,51973203)+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Special Funding(2019TQ0309)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671904)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2320000057)the University of Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province(GXXT-2020-079)。
文摘The fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)modules is extremely serious due to their high capacity.Moreover,once a battery catches fire,it can easily result in a fire of the entire LIBs modules.In this work,a sandwich structure composite thermal insulation(STI)board(copper//silica dioxide aerogel//copper)with the advantages of low thermal conductivity(0.031 W m-1K-1),low surface radiation emissivity(0.1)and good thermal convection inhibition effect has been designed.The thermal runaway(TR)occurrence time of adjacent LIBs increases from 1384 s to more than 6 h+due to the protection of STI board.No TR propagation occurs within LIBs modules with protect of a STI board when a battery catches fire.The ultra-strong-heat-shielding mechanism of STI board has been revealed.The TR propagation of LIBs modules has been insulated effectively by STI board through reducing the heat transfer of convection,conduction and radiation.The air flow rate between the heater and LIBs and radiant heat absorbed by LIBs decrease by 63.5%and 35.1%with protection of STI board,respectively.A high temperature difference inside the STI board is also formed.This work provides direction for the designing of safe thermal insulation board for LIBs modules.
基金This research was partially supported financially by The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFB0100203)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21673116,21633003)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20160068)PAPD of Jiangsu Higher Education Insti-tutions.
文摘Li-air batteries are an extremely attractive technology for electrical energy storage,especially in long-range electric vehicles,owing to their high theoretical specific energy.However,many issues still exist before their practical realization.Herein,the sole complexity of electrode reaction in Li-air batteries is presented.And the critical components that influence the electrochemical performance of aprotic Li-air batteries operating in ambient air are discussed.These include the mechanisms and pathways of CO_(2)/Li_(2)CO_(3) and H_(2)O/LiOH,catalysts of CO_(2) reduction/evolution reactions,and reactions between the Li anode and air constituents.If these challenges can be solved,Li-air batteries will soon be realized for practical application.Some hot topics in field of Li-air batteries should be focused,such as the fundamental mechanism research referring to interfacial reactions of atmosphere components on porous electrode and Li metal anode,high-efficiency solid catalyst design,and discovery of suitable soluble redox mediators.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51704269)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2320000041).
文摘In this work,we have successfully prepared a novel separator modified with N,S co-doped carbon framework(named NSPCF)with confined CoS_(2) nanoparticles and rooted carbon nanotubes material(named NSPCF@CoS_(2))to apply for high-performance Lithium-Sulfur batteries(Li-S batteries).Robust carbon structure with large specific surface can act as a physical barrier and possess physical adsorption effect on lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).In addition,highly-conductive carbon can improve integral conductivity,leading to the fast charge transport and reaction kinetics.Also,doping heteroatoms could form more active sites to adsorb LiPSs strongly so that modified separator could inhibit the shuttle effect effectively.Moreover,the presence of CoS_(2) further enhances the ability of modified separator to trap LiPSs owing to the Lewis acid-base action.As a result,the NSPCF@CoS_(2)@C-150 battery can deliver initial discharge capacities of 863.0,776.2,649.1 and 489.4 mAh g^(-1) at 0.1,0.5,1 and 2C with a high sulfur loading of 2.04 mg cm^(-2),respectively.Notably,when turning the current density back to 0.1 C,its discharge capacity can recover to 1008.7 mAh g^(-1).In addition,the modified separators exhibit outstanding capacities to restrain the growth of lithium dendrites.It is noteworthy that the flame retardant performances of Li-S batteries are improved dramatically owing to the novel structures of modified separators.This rationally designed separator endows Li-S batteries with higher safety and excellent electrochemical performances,providing a feasible strategy for practical application of Li-S batteries.
基金The work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51704269)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2320000047)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2320000039).
文摘Owing to unprecedented merits such as high theoretical capacity,superior energy density and low cost,lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)show a bright future both in scientific and industrial areas.Whereas,the inherent issues,including highly insulating character,undesired shuttle behavior and lithium dendrites growth,are seriously impeding its practical usage.Here,a metal-organic-frameworks(MOFs)derived N,S co-doped carbon nanotube hollow architecture confining with CoS_(2) nanoparticles(CoS_(2)/NSCNHF)modified separator is designed to surmount these obstacles.Compared with Celgard separator,this designed separator shows obviously enhanced flame retardancy,giving 73.1%and 53.0%reductions in peak heat release rate and total heat release,separately.Concretely,its hollow structure,conductive feature,electrocatalytic activity and Lewis acid-base interaction enable the efficient inhibition on shuttle behavior as well as boost in polysulfides conversion kinetics.The cell with modified separator delivers a high discharge capacity of 1,284.5 mAh·g^(−1).After running for 100 cycles,a discharge capacity of 661.3 mAh·g^(−1) is remained.Markedly,the suppression on lithium dendrites growth is also observed,manifesting the enhanced battery safety.Overall,this work may shed light on the effective usage of MOFs-derived hierarchical composite in achieving LSBs with high electrochemical performance as well as safety.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91963202 and 52072372)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences (CAS, QYZDJ-SSW-SLH046)+1 种基金the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research TeamsHefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences Director’s Fund (YZJJZX202018)。
文摘二氧化锡(SnO_(2))具有高的理论比容量,有望作为下一代锂离子电池负极材料.然而,Sn向SnO_(2)的不可逆转化以及充放电过程中巨大的体积变化限制了其实际的应用.本文基于三维互连多孔氧化铝模板,设计合成了一种由内腔同时填充NiO和SnO_(2)纳米颗粒的碳管基元相互连接组成的三维碳管网格膜,可以直接作为自支撑的高性能锂离子电池负极.该复合框架利用了NiO和SnO_(2)纳米颗粒的协同作用,不仅能够促进Sn向SnO_(2)的可逆转变,提高首次库伦效率,而且还可以缓释充放电过程中SnO_(2)剧烈的体积变化.此外,相互连接的三维碳管框架可以负载大量NiO和SnO_(2)纳米颗粒,缩短Li+的扩散距离,并作为快速的电子传输通道.因此,这种独特的结构赋予了该电极超高的储锂容量和倍率性能在1 A g^(-1)循环200次后,比容量达到928.5 mA h g^(-1),并且在4 A g^(-1)的高电流密度下仍然具有633.5 mA h g^(-1)的比容量.总之,这种独特的一体化结构在锂离子电池等储能领域具有广阔的应用前景.
