Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as one of the noninvasive clinical cancer phototherapies,suffers from the key drawback associated with hypoxia at the tumor microenvironment(TME),which plays an important role in protecting t...Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as one of the noninvasive clinical cancer phototherapies,suffers from the key drawback associated with hypoxia at the tumor microenvironment(TME),which plays an important role in protecting tumor cells from damage caused by common treatments.High concentration of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),one of the hallmarks of TME,has been recognized as a double-edged sword,posing both challenges,and opportunities for cancer therapy.The promising perspectives,strategies,and approaches for enhanced tumor therapies,including PDT,have been developed based on the fast advances in H2O2-enabled theranostic nanomedicine.In this review,we outline the latest advances in H2O2-responsive materials,including organic and inorganic materials for enhanced PDT.Finally,the challenges and opportunities for further research on H2O2-responsive anticancer agents are envisioned.展开更多
Hydrogel is frequently used as a solid electrolyte for all solid-state supercapacitors(SCs)because of its liquid-like ion-transport property and high conformability.However,due to the higher water content,the hydrogel...Hydrogel is frequently used as a solid electrolyte for all solid-state supercapacitors(SCs)because of its liquid-like ion-transport property and high conformability.However,due to the higher water content,the hydrogel electrolyte undergoes inevitable freezing and/or dehydration with climate change.Herein,polypyrrole/carbon all-solid-state SCs(PCSCs)were developed based on a hierarchical polypyrrole/carbon nanotube electrode and a highly stretchable double-network polymer hydrogel electrolyte with LiCl/ethylene glycol as a mixed solvent.The PCSCs showed excellent electrochemical performance and cycle stability with a wide operating temperature.The specific capacitances could reach 202.2 and 112.3 mF cm^(−2) at current densities of 0.5 and 3.0 mA cm^(−2),respectively.Meanwhile,the PCSCs showed outstanding mechanical properties in maintaining a high areal capacitance under deformations of bending and tension.The excellent water retention of the device also ensured the stable electrochemical performance of PCSCs in a wide temperature range(30–80℃),which could potentially represent a reliable application in various harsh environments.展开更多
Fast pyrolysis of biomass will produce various furan derivatives, among which 5-hydroxymethyl furfural（5-HMF） and furfural（FF） are usually the two most important compounds derived from holocellulose. In this study...Fast pyrolysis of biomass will produce various furan derivatives, among which 5-hydroxymethyl furfural（5-HMF） and furfural（FF） are usually the two most important compounds derived from holocellulose. In this study, density functional theory（DFT） calculations are utilized to reveal the formation mechanisms and pathways of 5-HMF and FF from two hexose units of holocellulose, i.e., glucose and mannose. In addition, fast pyrolysis experiments of glucose and mannose are conducted to substantiate the computational results, and the orientation of 5-HMF and FF is determined by 13C-labeled glucoses. Experimental results indicate that C1 provides the aldehyde group in both 5-HMF and FF, and FF is mainly derived from C1 to C5 segment. According to the computational results, glucose and mannose have similar reaction pathways to form 5-HMF and FF with d-fructose（DF） and 3-deoxy-glucosone（3-DG） as the key intermediates. 5-HMF and FF are formed via competing pathways. The formation of 5-HMF is more competitive than that of FF, leading to higher yield of 5-HMF than FF from both hexoses. In addition, compared with glucose,mannose can form 5-HMF and FF via extra pathways because of the epimerization at C2 position. Therefore, mannose pyrolysis results in higher yields of 5-HMF and FF than glucose pyrolysis.展开更多
Metal-and metal-oxide-based nanoparticles have been widely exploited in cancer photodynamic therapy(PDT).Among these materials,cerium-based nanoparticles have drawn extensive attention due to their superior biosafety ...Metal-and metal-oxide-based nanoparticles have been widely exploited in cancer photodynamic therapy(PDT).Among these materials,cerium-based nanoparticles have drawn extensive attention due to their superior biosafety and distinctive physicochemical properties,especially the reversible transition between the valence states of Ce(Ⅲ)and Ce(Ⅳ).In this review,the recent advances in the use of cerium-based nanoparticles as novel photosensitizers for cancer PDT are discussed,and the activation mechanisms for electron transfer to generate singlet oxygen are presented.In addition,the types of cerium-based nanoparticles used for PDT of cancer are summarized.Finally,the challenges and prospects of clinical translations of cerium-based nanoparticles are briefly addressed.展开更多
Photodynamic antibacterial therapy shows great potential in bacterial infection and the reactive oxygen species(ROS)production of the photosensitizers is crucial for the therapeutic e®ect.Introducing heavy atoms ...Photodynamic antibacterial therapy shows great potential in bacterial infection and the reactive oxygen species(ROS)production of the photosensitizers is crucial for the therapeutic e®ect.Introducing heavy atoms is a common strategy to enhance photodynamic performance,while dark toxicity can be induced to impede further clinical application.Herein,a novel halogen-free photosensitizer Aza-BODIPY-BODIPY dyad NDB with an orthogonal molecular conguration was synthesized for photodynamic antibacterial therapy.The absorption and emission peaks of NDB photosensitizer in toluene were observed at 703 nm and 744 nm,respectively.The°uorescence(FL)lifetime was measured to be 2.8 ns in toluene.Under 730 nm laser illumination,the ROS generation capability of NDB was 3-fold higher than that of the commercial ICG.After nanoprecipitation,NDB NPs presented the advantages of high photothermal conversion e±ciency(39.1%),good photostability,and excellent biocompatibility.More importantly,in vitro antibacterial assay conrmed that the ROS and the heat generated by NDB NPs could extirpate methicillin-resistant S.aureus e®ectively upon exposure to 730 nm laser,suggesting the potential application of NDB NPs in photo-initiated antibacterial therapy.展开更多
Searching low cost and non-precious metal catalysts for high-performance oxygen reduction reaction is highly desired. Herein, Co nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon(Co/N—C) nanotubes with internal void sp...Searching low cost and non-precious metal catalysts for high-performance oxygen reduction reaction is highly desired. Herein, Co nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon(Co/N—C) nanotubes with internal void space are successfully synthesized by space-confined pyrolysis, which effectively improve the cobalt loading content and restrict the encapsulated particles down to nanometer. Different from the typical conformal carbon encapsulation, the resulting Co/N—C nanotubes possess more cobalt nanoparticles embedded in the nanotubes, which can provide more coupling sites and active sites in the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). Moreover, the one-dimensional and porous structure provides a high surface area and a fast electron transfer pathway for the ORR. And the Co/N—C electrode presents excellent electrocatalytic ORR activity in terms of low onset potential(30 mV lower than that of Pt/C), small Tafel slop(45.5 mV dec^(-1)) and good durability(88.5% retention after 10,000 s).展开更多
Introducing heavy halogen atoms into organic small molecules is a practical strategy for efficient singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))generation.Generally,bromine or iodine atoms are introduced on the aza-borondipyrromethene(az...Introducing heavy halogen atoms into organic small molecules is a practical strategy for efficient singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))generation.Generally,bromine or iodine atoms are introduced on the aza-borondipyrromethene(aza-BODIPY)core,rather than on the periphery aryl rings for efficient~1O_(2) generation.Herein,an aza-BODIPY dye NBDPBr with unexpected bromination on the periphery aryl rings was synthesized for photoacoustic(PA)imaging-guided synergistic photothermal therapy(PTT)and photodynamic therapy(PDT)in tumor cells.Owing to unexcepted bromination at the periphery aryl rings,NBDPBr demonstrated an outstanding singlet oxygen quantum yield(Φ_(Δ))of 66% which was superior to similar brominated photosensitizers previously reported.After encapsulation with amphiphilic polymer F-127,hydrophilic NBDPBr nanoparticles(NPs)were fabricated and exhibited an excellent photothermal conversion efficiency(η)of 43.0% under 660 nm photoirradiation.In vivo PA imaging results demonstrated that NBDPBr NPs could specifically accumulate at tumor sites and realized the maximum tumor retention at 7 h post-injection.All the in vitro and in vivo results indicated the significant potence of NBDPBr with unexpected bis-bromination for PA imaging-guided synergetic PDT/PTT.展开更多
Theranostic agents that can be sensitively and specifically activated by the tumor microenvironment(TME)have recently attracted considerable attention.In this study,TME-activatable 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB...Theranostic agents that can be sensitively and specifically activated by the tumor microenvironment(TME)have recently attracted considerable attention.In this study,TME-activatable 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)-copper peroxide(CuO_(2))@poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)@red blood cell membrane(RBCM)(TCPR)nanoparticles(NPs)for second near-infrared photoacoustic imaging-guided tumor-specific photothermal therapy were developed by co-loading CuO_(2)NPs and TMB into PLGA camouflaged by RBCMs.As an efficient H_(2)O_(2)supplier,once exposed to a proton-rich TME,CuO_(2)NPs can generate H_(2)O_(2)and Cu^(2+),which are further reduced to Cu^(+) by endogenous glutathione.Subsequently,the Cu^(+)-mediated Fenton-like reaction produces cytotoxic·OH to kill the cancer cells and induce TMB-mediated photoacoustic and photothermal effects.Combined with the RBCM modification-prolonged blood circulation,TCPR NPs display excellent specificity and efficiency in suppressing tumor growth,paving the way for more accurate,safe,and efficient cancer theranostics.展开更多
The development of efficient, low-cost, for water splitting, particularly those stable, non-noble-metal electrocatalysts that can catalyze both the hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） at the cathode and oxygen evoluti...The development of efficient, low-cost, for water splitting, particularly those stable, non-noble-metal electrocatalysts that can catalyze both the hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） at the cathode and oxygen evolution reaction （OER） at the anode, is a challenge. We have developed a facile method for synthesizing CoSe2 nanoparticles uniformly anchored on carbon fiber paper （CoSe2/CF） via pyrolysis and selenization of in situ grown zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 （ZIF-67）. CoSe2/CF shows high and stable catalytic activity in both the HER and OER in alkaline solution. At a low cell potential, i.e., 1.63 V, a water electrolyzer equipped with two CoSe2/CF electrodes gave a water-splitting current of 10 mA.cm-2. At a current of 20 mA-cm-2, it can operate without degradation for 30 h. This study not only offers a cost-effective solution for water splitting but also provides a new strategy for developing various catalytic nanostructures by changing the metal-organic framework precursors.展开更多
The synthesis of a composite of cobalt phosphide nanowires and reduced graphene oxide （denoted CoP/RGO） via a facile hydrothermal method combined with a subsequent annealing step is reported. The resulting composite...The synthesis of a composite of cobalt phosphide nanowires and reduced graphene oxide （denoted CoP/RGO） via a facile hydrothermal method combined with a subsequent annealing step is reported. The resulting composite presents large specific surface area and enhanced conductivity, which can effectively facilitate charge transport and accommodates variations in volume during the lithiation/de-lithiation processes. As a result, the CoP/RGO nanocomposite manifests a high reversible specific capacity of 960 mA·h-g-1 over 200 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A·g-1 （297 mA·h·g-1 over 10,000 cycles at a current density of 20 A.g-1） and excellent rate capability （424 mA·h·g-1 at a current density of 10 A·g-1）.展开更多
Electronic skin is driving the next generation of cutting-edge wearable electronic products due to its good wearability and high accuracy of information acquisition.However,it remains a challenge to fulfill the requir...Electronic skin is driving the next generation of cutting-edge wearable electronic products due to its good wearability and high accuracy of information acquisition.However,it remains a challenge to fulfill the requirements on detecting full-range human activities with existing flexible strain sensors.Herein,highly stretchable,sensitive,and multifunctional flexible strain sensors based on MXene-(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-)composited poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone double-network hydrogels were prepared.The uniformly distributed hydrophilic MXene nanosheets formed a three-dimensional conductive network throughout the hydrogel,endowing the flexible sensor with high sensitivity.The strong interaction between the double-network hydrogel matrix and MXene greatly improved the mechanical properties of the hydrogels.The resulting nanocomposited hydrogels featured great tensile performance(2400%),toughness,and resilience.Particularly,the as-prepared flexible pressure sensor revealed ultrahigh sensitivity(10.75 kPa^(-1))with a wide response range(0-61.5 kPa),fast response(33.5 ms),and low limit of detection(0.87 Pa).Moreover,the hydrogel-based flexible sensors,with high sensitivity and durability,could be employed to monitor fullrange human motions and assembled into some aligned devices for subtle pressure detection,providing enormous potential in facial expression and phonation recognition,handwriting verification,healthy diagnosis,and wearable electronics.展开更多
Carbon dots(CDs)with intriguing fluorescent property,good biocompatibility,high stability,easy interaction with substrates,are burgeoning carbon nanoparticles with large potential in various applications.Incorporating...Carbon dots(CDs)with intriguing fluorescent property,good biocompatibility,high stability,easy interaction with substrates,are burgeoning carbon nanoparticles with large potential in various applications.Incorporating CDs into the polymer matrix is becoming a popular strategy to endow the complex with new functions.Herein,the green-synthesized CDs was integrated into the mixture of gelatin(derived from waste fish scale)and chitosan,and a multifunctional bio-nanocomposite(defined as Gelatin/Chitosan/CDs)film was developed,which showed the excellent antibacterial,antioxidant,pH-sensitivity,UV shielding,and blue-emission properties.The effects of different concentrations of CDs on the physical,mechanical,structural,and functional activity of bio-nanocomposite film were tested.Compared with the Gelatin/Chitosan film,the Gelatin/Chitosan/CDs film with an optimum addition of 20%CDs showed the enhanced antibacterial,antioxidant as well as UV shielding activities.More importantly,it was used as an effective packaging material for fish meat preservation,reducing the loss of nutritional quality consumption,extending the shelf life of food.Besides,the bio-nanocomposite films also possessed the anti-counterfeiting and pH-responsive properties due to the strong fluorescent emission of CDs,and had the great potential in developing the intelligent packaging materials.Our work shed new light on the new application of CDs and the synthesis of bio-nanocomposite film in food industry.展开更多
A highly active and stable oxygen evolution reaction （OER） electrocatalyst is critical for hydrogen production from water splitting. Herein, three-dimensional Ni3Sa@graphene@Co9S8 （Ni3S2@G@Co9S8）, a sandwich- stru...A highly active and stable oxygen evolution reaction （OER） electrocatalyst is critical for hydrogen production from water splitting. Herein, three-dimensional Ni3Sa@graphene@Co9S8 （Ni3S2@G@Co9S8）, a sandwich- structured OER electro-catalyst, was grown in situ on nickel foam; it afforded an enhanced catalytic performance when highly conductive graphene is introduced as an intermediary for enhancing the electron transfer rate and stability. Serving as a free-standing electrocatalytic electrode, Ni3S2@G@Co9S8 presents excellent electrocatalytic activities for OER： A low onset overpotential （2 mA·cm^-2 at 174 mV）, large anode current density （10 mA·cm^-2 at an overpotential of 210 mV）, low Tafel slope （66 mV·dec^-1）, and predominant durability of over 96 h （releasing a current density of N 14 mA·cm^-2 with a low and constant overpotential of 215 mV） in a 1 M KOH solution. This work provides a promising, cost-efficient electrocatalyst and sheds new light on improving the electrochemical performance of composites through enhancing the electron transfer rate and stability by introducing graphene as an intermediary.展开更多
Hydrogel is a potential matrix material of electronic-skins(E-skins)because of its excellent ductility,tunability,and biocompatibility.However,hydrogel-based E-Skins will inevitably lose their sensing performance in p...Hydrogel is a potential matrix material of electronic-skins(E-skins)because of its excellent ductility,tunability,and biocompatibility.However,hydrogel-based E-Skins will inevitably lose their sensing performance in practical applications for water loss,physical damage,and ambient interferences.It remains a challenge to manufacture highly durable gel-based E-skins.Herein,an E-Skin is fabricated by introducing ionic liquids(ILs)into MXene-composited binary polymer network.The obtained ionic gel shows excellent mechanical properties,strong adhesion,and superior tolerance to harsh environments.The E-skin exhibits high sensitivity to both strain and pressure in a wide range of deformations,which enables a monitoring function for various human motions and physiological activities.Importantly,the E-skin shows consistent electrical response after being stored in the open air for 30 days and can be quickly healed by irradiation with 808 nm near-infrared light,originating from the photo-thermal effect induced self-healing acceleration.It is noteworthy that the E-skin also reveals a highly sensitive perception of temperature and near-infrared light,displaying the promising potential applications in the multifunctional flexible sensor.展开更多
Near-infrared(NIR)small molecular organic dyes as photothermal agents for cancer photothermal therapy(PTT)have attracted considerable research attention.Herein,two donor-acceptor-donor(D-A-D)structured NIR dyes,BBTT a...Near-infrared(NIR)small molecular organic dyes as photothermal agents for cancer photothermal therapy(PTT)have attracted considerable research attention.Herein,two donor-acceptor-donor(D-A-D)structured NIR dyes,BBTT and SeBTT,are rationally designed,where the only difference is one heteroatom within the acceptor unit varying from sulfur to selenium(Se).More importantly,SeBTT NPs exhibit stronger NIR absorbance and higher photothermal conversion efficiency(PTCE≈65.3%).In vivo experiments illustrate that SeBTT NPs can be utilized as a high contrast photoacoustic imaging(PAI)agent,and succeed in tumor suppression without noticeable damage to main organs under NIR photoirradiation.This study presents an effective molecular heteroatom surgery strategy to regulate the photothermal properties of NIR small molecules for enhanced PAI and PTT.展开更多
It is of great significance to design and synthesize highly efficient n-type organic small molecules as electron-transporting layer(ETL) materials to achieve high performance planar perovskite solar cells(PVKSCs) with...It is of great significance to design and synthesize highly efficient n-type organic small molecules as electron-transporting layer(ETL) materials to achieve high performance planar perovskite solar cells(PVKSCs) with lowtemperature solution-processing. In this article, acenaphthylene-imide based small molecules AI1, AI2 and AI3 were developed with lower-lying LUMO energy levels and were further applied as non-fullerene ETL materials for solutionprocessed PVKSCs. When TiO2/AIX bilayer was used as ETL,an average power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 15.0% was achieved for TiO2/AI1 based PVKSCs with conventional configuration, while pristine TiO2 based devices presented a PCE of 11.7% only. All the results demonstrate that acenaphthylene-imide derivatives could be promising ETL materials to accomplish low-temperature solution-processed high performance PVKSCs.展开更多
In this work, single- and double-shelled NiCo2O4 hollow spheres have been synthesized in situ by a one-pot solvothermal method assisted by xylose, followed by heat treatment. Employed as supercapacitor electrode mater...In this work, single- and double-shelled NiCo2O4 hollow spheres have been synthesized in situ by a one-pot solvothermal method assisted by xylose, followed by heat treatment. Employed as supercapacitor electrode materials, the double-shelled NiCo2O4 hollow spheres exhibit a remarkable specific capacitance （1,204.4 F g-1 at a current density of 2.0 A.g-1） and excellent cycling stability （103.6% retention after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A.g-1）. Such outstanding electrochemical performance can be attributed to their unique internal morphology, which provides a higher surface area with a larger number of active sites available to interact with the electrolyte. The versatility of this method was demonstrated by applying it to other binary metal oxide materials, such as ZnCo2O4, ZnMn2O4, and CoMn2O4. The present study thus illustrates a simple and general strategy for the preparation of binary transition metal oxide hollow spheres with a controllable number of shells. This approach shows great promise for the development of next-generation high-performance electrochemical materials.展开更多
Transition-metal-doped tungsten semicarbide nanosheets(M-doped W_(2)C NSs,M=Fe,Co,and Ni)have been synthesized through carburization of the mixture of tungsten trioxide,polyvinylpyrrolidone,and metal dopant.Te nanoshe...Transition-metal-doped tungsten semicarbide nanosheets(M-doped W_(2)C NSs,M=Fe,Co,and Ni)have been synthesized through carburization of the mixture of tungsten trioxide,polyvinylpyrrolidone,and metal dopant.Te nanosheets grow directly on the W mesh and have the lateral dimension of several hundreds of nm to a few�m with a thickness of few tens nm.It is demonstrated that the M-doped W_(2)C NSs exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Impressively,the Nidoped W_(2)C NSs(2 at%Ni)with the optimized HER activity show extremely low onset overpotentials of 4,9,and 19 mV and modest Tafel slopes of 39,51,and 87 mV dec−1 in acidic(pH=0),neutral(pH=7.2),and basic(pH=14)solutions,respectively,which is close to the commercial Pt/C catalyst.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations also demonstrate that the Gibbs free energy for H adsorption of Ni-W_(2)C is much closer to the optimal valueG_(H∗)=-0.073 eV as compared to-0.16 eV of W_(2)C.Furthermore,nearly 100%Faradaic efciency and long-term stability are obtained in those environments.Tis realization of highly tolerant metal semicarbide catalyst performing on par with commercial Pt/C in all range of pH ofers a key step towards industrially electrochemical water splitting.展开更多
To meet critical requirements on flexible electronic devices,multifunctionalized flexible sensors with excellent electromechanical performance and temperature perception are required.Herein,lignin-reinforced thermores...To meet critical requirements on flexible electronic devices,multifunctionalized flexible sensors with excellent electromechanical performance and temperature perception are required.Herein,lignin-reinforced thermoresponsive poly(ionic liquid)hydrogel is prepared through an ultrasound-assisted synthesized method.Benefitting from the electrostatic interaction between lignin and ionic liquid,the hydrogel displays high stretchability(over 1425%),excellent toughness(over 132 kPa),and impressive stress loading-unloading cyclic stability.The hydrogel strain sensor presents excellent electromechanical performance with a high gauge factor(1.37)and rapid response rate(198 ms),which lays the foundation for human body movement detection and smart input.Moreover,owing to the thermal-sensitive feature of poly(ionic liquid),the as-prepared hydrogel displays remarkable thermal response sensitivity(0.217℃^(-1))in body temperature range and low limit of detection,which can be applied as a body shell temperature indicator.Particularly,the hydrogel can detect dual stimuli of strain and temperature and identify each signal individually,showing the specific application in human-machine interaction and artificial intelligence.By integrating the hydrogel strain sensor into a wireless sensation system,remote motion capture and gesture identification is realized in real-time.展开更多
Smart flexible electronics with underwater motion detection have become a promising research aspect in intelligent perception.Inspired by the strong adaptability of marine creatures to complex underwater environments,...Smart flexible electronics with underwater motion detection have become a promising research aspect in intelligent perception.Inspired by the strong adaptability of marine creatures to complex underwater environments,conventional biocompatible hydrogels are worth developing into organogels with preferred underwater adhesive properties,hydrophobic and antiswelling performance,and motion perception ability.Herein,a highly sensitive organogel sensor exhibiting good hydrophobicity,electromechanical properties,and adhesion properties was prepared for underwater utilization by regulating the chemical components and internal interactions.The synergistic effect of massive reversible noncovalent bonds ensures the organogel’s excellent underwater adhesion to multifarious substrates.Meanwhile,the interactions of hydrophobic conductive fillers and the dynamic hydrophobic associations in the organogel endow it with satisfactory hydrophobic performance(contact angle of111.8°)and antiswelling property(equilibrium swelling ratio of-31%after 15-day immersion).The fabricated flexible organogel strain sensor exhibits high sensitivity(gauge factor of1.96),ultrafast response rate(79.1 ms),low limit of detection(0.45 Pa),and excellent cyclic stability(1044 tensile cycles followed by 3981 compressive cycles).Results demonstrate the proposed organogel’s precise perception of sophisticated human motions in air and underwater,which expands its application scenarios.展开更多
基金supported by NNSF of China (61525402, 61775095, 51803091, 61935004)Jiangsu Provincial key research and development plan (BE2017741)Six talent peak innovation team in Jiangsu Province (TD-SWYY-009)
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT),as one of the noninvasive clinical cancer phototherapies,suffers from the key drawback associated with hypoxia at the tumor microenvironment(TME),which plays an important role in protecting tumor cells from damage caused by common treatments.High concentration of hydrogen peroxide(H2O2),one of the hallmarks of TME,has been recognized as a double-edged sword,posing both challenges,and opportunities for cancer therapy.The promising perspectives,strategies,and approaches for enhanced tumor therapies,including PDT,have been developed based on the fast advances in H2O2-enabled theranostic nanomedicine.In this review,we outline the latest advances in H2O2-responsive materials,including organic and inorganic materials for enhanced PDT.Finally,the challenges and opportunities for further research on H2O2-responsive anticancer agents are envisioned.
基金NSF of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20190688NSF of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,Grant/Award Number:21KJB430039+1 种基金NSF of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:ZR2020KB018Taishan Scholars”Construction Special Fund of Shandong Province,and the Industrial Alliance Fund of Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory,Grant/Award Number:SDKL016038。
文摘Hydrogel is frequently used as a solid electrolyte for all solid-state supercapacitors(SCs)because of its liquid-like ion-transport property and high conformability.However,due to the higher water content,the hydrogel electrolyte undergoes inevitable freezing and/or dehydration with climate change.Herein,polypyrrole/carbon all-solid-state SCs(PCSCs)were developed based on a hierarchical polypyrrole/carbon nanotube electrode and a highly stretchable double-network polymer hydrogel electrolyte with LiCl/ethylene glycol as a mixed solvent.The PCSCs showed excellent electrochemical performance and cycle stability with a wide operating temperature.The specific capacitances could reach 202.2 and 112.3 mF cm^(−2) at current densities of 0.5 and 3.0 mA cm^(−2),respectively.Meanwhile,the PCSCs showed outstanding mechanical properties in maintaining a high areal capacitance under deformations of bending and tension.The excellent water retention of the device also ensured the stable electrochemical performance of PCSCs in a wide temperature range(30–80℃),which could potentially represent a reliable application in various harsh environments.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51576064, 51676193)Beijing Nova Program (Z171100001117064)+2 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation (3172030)the Foundation of Stake Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion (FSKLCCA1706)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2017MS071, 2016YQ05)
文摘Fast pyrolysis of biomass will produce various furan derivatives, among which 5-hydroxymethyl furfural（5-HMF） and furfural（FF） are usually the two most important compounds derived from holocellulose. In this study, density functional theory（DFT） calculations are utilized to reveal the formation mechanisms and pathways of 5-HMF and FF from two hexose units of holocellulose, i.e., glucose and mannose. In addition, fast pyrolysis experiments of glucose and mannose are conducted to substantiate the computational results, and the orientation of 5-HMF and FF is determined by 13C-labeled glucoses. Experimental results indicate that C1 provides the aldehyde group in both 5-HMF and FF, and FF is mainly derived from C1 to C5 segment. According to the computational results, glucose and mannose have similar reaction pathways to form 5-HMF and FF with d-fructose（DF） and 3-deoxy-glucosone（3-DG） as the key intermediates. 5-HMF and FF are formed via competing pathways. The formation of 5-HMF is more competitive than that of FF, leading to higher yield of 5-HMF than FF from both hexoses. In addition, compared with glucose,mannose can form 5-HMF and FF via extra pathways because of the epimerization at C2 position. Therefore, mannose pyrolysis results in higher yields of 5-HMF and FF than glucose pyrolysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation(NNSF)of China(52103166 and 61935004)the Natural Science Foundation(NSF)of Jiangsu Province(BK20200710)+3 种基金Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Foundation(51204087)NSF of Shandong Province(ZR2020KB018)Taishan Scholars"Construction Special Fund of Shandong Province,the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(202003N40448)the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics No.2020WNLOKF022.
文摘Metal-and metal-oxide-based nanoparticles have been widely exploited in cancer photodynamic therapy(PDT).Among these materials,cerium-based nanoparticles have drawn extensive attention due to their superior biosafety and distinctive physicochemical properties,especially the reversible transition between the valence states of Ce(Ⅲ)and Ce(Ⅳ).In this review,the recent advances in the use of cerium-based nanoparticles as novel photosensitizers for cancer PDT are discussed,and the activation mechanisms for electron transfer to generate singlet oxygen are presented.In addition,the types of cerium-based nanoparticles used for PDT of cancer are summarized.Finally,the challenges and prospects of clinical translations of cerium-based nanoparticles are briefly addressed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation(52103166)the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200092,BK20200710)+1 种基金Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Foundation(51204087)the Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics NO.2020WNLOKF022.
文摘Photodynamic antibacterial therapy shows great potential in bacterial infection and the reactive oxygen species(ROS)production of the photosensitizers is crucial for the therapeutic e®ect.Introducing heavy atoms is a common strategy to enhance photodynamic performance,while dark toxicity can be induced to impede further clinical application.Herein,a novel halogen-free photosensitizer Aza-BODIPY-BODIPY dyad NDB with an orthogonal molecular conguration was synthesized for photodynamic antibacterial therapy.The absorption and emission peaks of NDB photosensitizer in toluene were observed at 703 nm and 744 nm,respectively.The°uorescence(FL)lifetime was measured to be 2.8 ns in toluene.Under 730 nm laser illumination,the ROS generation capability of NDB was 3-fold higher than that of the commercial ICG.After nanoprecipitation,NDB NPs presented the advantages of high photothermal conversion e±ciency(39.1%),good photostability,and excellent biocompatibility.More importantly,in vitro antibacterial assay conrmed that the ROS and the heat generated by NDB NPs could extirpate methicillin-resistant S.aureus e®ectively upon exposure to 730 nm laser,suggesting the potential application of NDB NPs in photo-initiated antibacterial therapy.
基金the financial support from NNSF of China(21275076,61525402,21303047)the Program for One Hundred Person Project of Guangdong University of Technology+1 种基金Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province(15KJA430006)QingLan Project
文摘Searching low cost and non-precious metal catalysts for high-performance oxygen reduction reaction is highly desired. Herein, Co nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon(Co/N—C) nanotubes with internal void space are successfully synthesized by space-confined pyrolysis, which effectively improve the cobalt loading content and restrict the encapsulated particles down to nanometer. Different from the typical conformal carbon encapsulation, the resulting Co/N—C nanotubes possess more cobalt nanoparticles embedded in the nanotubes, which can provide more coupling sites and active sites in the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR). Moreover, the one-dimensional and porous structure provides a high surface area and a fast electron transfer pathway for the ORR. And the Co/N—C electrode presents excellent electrocatalytic ORR activity in terms of low onset potential(30 mV lower than that of Pt/C), small Tafel slop(45.5 mV dec^(-1)) and good durability(88.5% retention after 10,000 s).
基金supported by NSF of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20200092)。
文摘Introducing heavy halogen atoms into organic small molecules is a practical strategy for efficient singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))generation.Generally,bromine or iodine atoms are introduced on the aza-borondipyrromethene(aza-BODIPY)core,rather than on the periphery aryl rings for efficient~1O_(2) generation.Herein,an aza-BODIPY dye NBDPBr with unexpected bromination on the periphery aryl rings was synthesized for photoacoustic(PA)imaging-guided synergistic photothermal therapy(PTT)and photodynamic therapy(PDT)in tumor cells.Owing to unexcepted bromination at the periphery aryl rings,NBDPBr demonstrated an outstanding singlet oxygen quantum yield(Φ_(Δ))of 66% which was superior to similar brominated photosensitizers previously reported.After encapsulation with amphiphilic polymer F-127,hydrophilic NBDPBr nanoparticles(NPs)were fabricated and exhibited an excellent photothermal conversion efficiency(η)of 43.0% under 660 nm photoirradiation.In vivo PA imaging results demonstrated that NBDPBr NPs could specifically accumulate at tumor sites and realized the maximum tumor retention at 7 h post-injection.All the in vitro and in vivo results indicated the significant potence of NBDPBr with unexpected bis-bromination for PA imaging-guided synergetic PDT/PTT.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62120106002,51803091,61935004,22175089)Jiangsu Province Policy Guidance Plan(BZ2019014)+3 种基金Jiangsu Provincial key research and development plan(BE2021711)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020KB018)Taishan scholars construction special fund of Shandong Province,Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo(202003N40448)the Jiangsu postgraduate research innovation program(KYCX21_1103).
文摘Theranostic agents that can be sensitively and specifically activated by the tumor microenvironment(TME)have recently attracted considerable attention.In this study,TME-activatable 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)-copper peroxide(CuO_(2))@poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)@red blood cell membrane(RBCM)(TCPR)nanoparticles(NPs)for second near-infrared photoacoustic imaging-guided tumor-specific photothermal therapy were developed by co-loading CuO_(2)NPs and TMB into PLGA camouflaged by RBCMs.As an efficient H_(2)O_(2)supplier,once exposed to a proton-rich TME,CuO_(2)NPs can generate H_(2)O_(2)and Cu^(2+),which are further reduced to Cu^(+) by endogenous glutathione.Subsequently,the Cu^(+)-mediated Fenton-like reaction produces cytotoxic·OH to kill the cancer cells and induce TMB-mediated photoacoustic and photothermal effects.Combined with the RBCM modification-prolonged blood circulation,TCPR NPs display excellent specificity and efficiency in suppressing tumor growth,paving the way for more accurate,safe,and efficient cancer theranostics.
基金The project is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 21275076 and 61328401）, Jiangsu Provincial Founds for Distinguished Young Scholars （No. BK20130046）, Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province （No. 15KJA430006）, Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University （No. NCET-13-0853）, QingLan Project, Nantong Key Laboratory of New Materials Industrial Technology, SERC Grant （#102170 0142） from A＇STAR Singapore, the scholarship from China Scholarships Council （No. 201508320304）.
文摘The development of efficient, low-cost, for water splitting, particularly those stable, non-noble-metal electrocatalysts that can catalyze both the hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） at the cathode and oxygen evolution reaction （OER） at the anode, is a challenge. We have developed a facile method for synthesizing CoSe2 nanoparticles uniformly anchored on carbon fiber paper （CoSe2/CF） via pyrolysis and selenization of in situ grown zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 （ZIF-67）. CoSe2/CF shows high and stable catalytic activity in both the HER and OER in alkaline solution. At a low cell potential, i.e., 1.63 V, a water electrolyzer equipped with two CoSe2/CF electrodes gave a water-splitting current of 10 mA.cm-2. At a current of 20 mA-cm-2, it can operate without degradation for 30 h. This study not only offers a cost-effective solution for water splitting but also provides a new strategy for developing various catalytic nanostructures by changing the metal-organic framework precursors.
文摘The synthesis of a composite of cobalt phosphide nanowires and reduced graphene oxide （denoted CoP/RGO） via a facile hydrothermal method combined with a subsequent annealing step is reported. The resulting composite presents large specific surface area and enhanced conductivity, which can effectively facilitate charge transport and accommodates variations in volume during the lithiation/de-lithiation processes. As a result, the CoP/RGO nanocomposite manifests a high reversible specific capacity of 960 mA·h-g-1 over 200 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A·g-1 （297 mA·h·g-1 over 10,000 cycles at a current density of 20 A.g-1） and excellent rate capability （424 mA·h·g-1 at a current density of 10 A·g-1）.
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61775095)the Six Talent Peak Innovation Team in Jiangsu Province(TD-SWYY-009)‘Taishan Scholars’Construction Special Fund of Shandong Province.
文摘Electronic skin is driving the next generation of cutting-edge wearable electronic products due to its good wearability and high accuracy of information acquisition.However,it remains a challenge to fulfill the requirements on detecting full-range human activities with existing flexible strain sensors.Herein,highly stretchable,sensitive,and multifunctional flexible strain sensors based on MXene-(Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-)composited poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone double-network hydrogels were prepared.The uniformly distributed hydrophilic MXene nanosheets formed a three-dimensional conductive network throughout the hydrogel,endowing the flexible sensor with high sensitivity.The strong interaction between the double-network hydrogel matrix and MXene greatly improved the mechanical properties of the hydrogels.The resulting nanocomposited hydrogels featured great tensile performance(2400%),toughness,and resilience.Particularly,the as-prepared flexible pressure sensor revealed ultrahigh sensitivity(10.75 kPa^(-1))with a wide response range(0-61.5 kPa),fast response(33.5 ms),and low limit of detection(0.87 Pa).Moreover,the hydrogel-based flexible sensors,with high sensitivity and durability,could be employed to monitor fullrange human motions and assembled into some aligned devices for subtle pressure detection,providing enormous potential in facial expression and phonation recognition,handwriting verification,healthy diagnosis,and wearable electronics.
基金the support from the Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Nos.2019H0023,2020J01218,2020J01774)the Quanzhou City Science&Technology Program(No.2018CT004)。
文摘Carbon dots(CDs)with intriguing fluorescent property,good biocompatibility,high stability,easy interaction with substrates,are burgeoning carbon nanoparticles with large potential in various applications.Incorporating CDs into the polymer matrix is becoming a popular strategy to endow the complex with new functions.Herein,the green-synthesized CDs was integrated into the mixture of gelatin(derived from waste fish scale)and chitosan,and a multifunctional bio-nanocomposite(defined as Gelatin/Chitosan/CDs)film was developed,which showed the excellent antibacterial,antioxidant,pH-sensitivity,UV shielding,and blue-emission properties.The effects of different concentrations of CDs on the physical,mechanical,structural,and functional activity of bio-nanocomposite film were tested.Compared with the Gelatin/Chitosan film,the Gelatin/Chitosan/CDs film with an optimum addition of 20%CDs showed the enhanced antibacterial,antioxidant as well as UV shielding activities.More importantly,it was used as an effective packaging material for fish meat preservation,reducing the loss of nutritional quality consumption,extending the shelf life of food.Besides,the bio-nanocomposite films also possessed the anti-counterfeiting and pH-responsive properties due to the strong fluorescent emission of CDs,and had the great potential in developing the intelligent packaging materials.Our work shed new light on the new application of CDs and the synthesis of bio-nanocomposite film in food industry.
基金The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） （Nos. 61525402 and 5161101159）, Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province （No. 15KJA430006）, QingLan Project, National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents （No. BX201600072）, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation （No. 2016M601792）.
文摘A highly active and stable oxygen evolution reaction （OER） electrocatalyst is critical for hydrogen production from water splitting. Herein, three-dimensional Ni3Sa@graphene@Co9S8 （Ni3S2@G@Co9S8）, a sandwich- structured OER electro-catalyst, was grown in situ on nickel foam; it afforded an enhanced catalytic performance when highly conductive graphene is introduced as an intermediary for enhancing the electron transfer rate and stability. Serving as a free-standing electrocatalytic electrode, Ni3S2@G@Co9S8 presents excellent electrocatalytic activities for OER： A low onset overpotential （2 mA·cm^-2 at 174 mV）, large anode current density （10 mA·cm^-2 at an overpotential of 210 mV）, low Tafel slope （66 mV·dec^-1）, and predominant durability of over 96 h （releasing a current density of N 14 mA·cm^-2 with a low and constant overpotential of 215 mV） in a 1 M KOH solution. This work provides a promising, cost-efficient electrocatalyst and sheds new light on improving the electrochemical performance of composites through enhancing the electron transfer rate and stability by introducing graphene as an intermediary.
基金The work was supported by Jiangsu Province Policy Guidance Plan(No.BZ2019014),NSF of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20190688)NSF of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.21KJB430039)‘Taishan scholars'construction special fund of Shandong Province.
文摘Hydrogel is a potential matrix material of electronic-skins(E-skins)because of its excellent ductility,tunability,and biocompatibility.However,hydrogel-based E-Skins will inevitably lose their sensing performance in practical applications for water loss,physical damage,and ambient interferences.It remains a challenge to manufacture highly durable gel-based E-skins.Herein,an E-Skin is fabricated by introducing ionic liquids(ILs)into MXene-composited binary polymer network.The obtained ionic gel shows excellent mechanical properties,strong adhesion,and superior tolerance to harsh environments.The E-skin exhibits high sensitivity to both strain and pressure in a wide range of deformations,which enables a monitoring function for various human motions and physiological activities.Importantly,the E-skin shows consistent electrical response after being stored in the open air for 30 days and can be quickly healed by irradiation with 808 nm near-infrared light,originating from the photo-thermal effect induced self-healing acceleration.It is noteworthy that the E-skin also reveals a highly sensitive perception of temperature and near-infrared light,displaying the promising potential applications in the multifunctional flexible sensor.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20200092)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52072172)Six Talent Peak Innovation Team in Jiangsu Province(No.TD-SWYY-009)。
文摘Near-infrared(NIR)small molecular organic dyes as photothermal agents for cancer photothermal therapy(PTT)have attracted considerable research attention.Herein,two donor-acceptor-donor(D-A-D)structured NIR dyes,BBTT and SeBTT,are rationally designed,where the only difference is one heteroatom within the acceptor unit varying from sulfur to selenium(Se).More importantly,SeBTT NPs exhibit stronger NIR absorbance and higher photothermal conversion efficiency(PTCE≈65.3%).In vivo experiments illustrate that SeBTT NPs can be utilized as a high contrast photoacoustic imaging(PAI)agent,and succeed in tumor suppression without noticeable damage to main organs under NIR photoirradiation.This study presents an effective molecular heteroatom surgery strategy to regulate the photothermal properties of NIR small molecules for enhanced PAI and PTT.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61604071, 61525402, 61604119, 61704131 and 61775095)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20161012)+1 种基金Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (SJZZ16_0139)SICAM Scholarship (38600001)
文摘It is of great significance to design and synthesize highly efficient n-type organic small molecules as electron-transporting layer(ETL) materials to achieve high performance planar perovskite solar cells(PVKSCs) with lowtemperature solution-processing. In this article, acenaphthylene-imide based small molecules AI1, AI2 and AI3 were developed with lower-lying LUMO energy levels and were further applied as non-fullerene ETL materials for solutionprocessed PVKSCs. When TiO2/AIX bilayer was used as ETL,an average power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 15.0% was achieved for TiO2/AI1 based PVKSCs with conventional configuration, while pristine TiO2 based devices presented a PCE of 11.7% only. All the results demonstrate that acenaphthylene-imide derivatives could be promising ETL materials to accomplish low-temperature solution-processed high performance PVKSCs.
文摘In this work, single- and double-shelled NiCo2O4 hollow spheres have been synthesized in situ by a one-pot solvothermal method assisted by xylose, followed by heat treatment. Employed as supercapacitor electrode materials, the double-shelled NiCo2O4 hollow spheres exhibit a remarkable specific capacitance （1,204.4 F g-1 at a current density of 2.0 A.g-1） and excellent cycling stability （103.6% retention after 10,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A.g-1）. Such outstanding electrochemical performance can be attributed to their unique internal morphology, which provides a higher surface area with a larger number of active sites available to interact with the electrolyte. The versatility of this method was demonstrated by applying it to other binary metal oxide materials, such as ZnCo2O4, ZnMn2O4, and CoMn2O4. The present study thus illustrates a simple and general strategy for the preparation of binary transition metal oxide hollow spheres with a controllable number of shells. This approach shows great promise for the development of next-generation high-performance electrochemical materials.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge Singapore MOE Tier 2 MOE2017-T2-2-069MOE AcRF Tier 1 under grant Nos.RG113/15 and 2016-T1-002-065+1 种基金Singapore EMA project EIRP 12/NRF2015EWT-EIRP002-008NRF of Singapore(No.NRF2016NRF-NRFI001-22).Hua Zhang would like to thank the support from ITC via Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center and the Start-Up Grant from City University of Hong Kong.Te authors also acknowledge the Facility for Analysis,Characterization,Testing and Simulation(FACTS),Nanyang Technological University,Singapore,for the use of the TEM JEOL 2010 UHR,FESEM JEM-7600F,XPS Kratos AXIS Supra,and XRD Bruker D8 Advance facilities.
文摘Transition-metal-doped tungsten semicarbide nanosheets(M-doped W_(2)C NSs,M=Fe,Co,and Ni)have been synthesized through carburization of the mixture of tungsten trioxide,polyvinylpyrrolidone,and metal dopant.Te nanosheets grow directly on the W mesh and have the lateral dimension of several hundreds of nm to a few�m with a thickness of few tens nm.It is demonstrated that the M-doped W_(2)C NSs exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Impressively,the Nidoped W_(2)C NSs(2 at%Ni)with the optimized HER activity show extremely low onset overpotentials of 4,9,and 19 mV and modest Tafel slopes of 39,51,and 87 mV dec−1 in acidic(pH=0),neutral(pH=7.2),and basic(pH=14)solutions,respectively,which is close to the commercial Pt/C catalyst.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations also demonstrate that the Gibbs free energy for H adsorption of Ni-W_(2)C is much closer to the optimal valueG_(H∗)=-0.073 eV as compared to-0.16 eV of W_(2)C.Furthermore,nearly 100%Faradaic efciency and long-term stability are obtained in those environments.Tis realization of highly tolerant metal semicarbide catalyst performing on par with commercial Pt/C in all range of pH ofers a key step towards industrially electrochemical water splitting.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Province Policy Guidance Plan(BZ2019014)“Taishan scholars”construction special fund of Shandong Province.
文摘To meet critical requirements on flexible electronic devices,multifunctionalized flexible sensors with excellent electromechanical performance and temperature perception are required.Herein,lignin-reinforced thermoresponsive poly(ionic liquid)hydrogel is prepared through an ultrasound-assisted synthesized method.Benefitting from the electrostatic interaction between lignin and ionic liquid,the hydrogel displays high stretchability(over 1425%),excellent toughness(over 132 kPa),and impressive stress loading-unloading cyclic stability.The hydrogel strain sensor presents excellent electromechanical performance with a high gauge factor(1.37)and rapid response rate(198 ms),which lays the foundation for human body movement detection and smart input.Moreover,owing to the thermal-sensitive feature of poly(ionic liquid),the as-prepared hydrogel displays remarkable thermal response sensitivity(0.217℃^(-1))in body temperature range and low limit of detection,which can be applied as a body shell temperature indicator.Particularly,the hydrogel can detect dual stimuli of strain and temperature and identify each signal individually,showing the specific application in human-machine interaction and artificial intelligence.By integrating the hydrogel strain sensor into a wireless sensation system,remote motion capture and gesture identification is realized in real-time.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190688)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(21KJB430039)Taishan Scholar Construction Special Fund of Shandong Province。
文摘Smart flexible electronics with underwater motion detection have become a promising research aspect in intelligent perception.Inspired by the strong adaptability of marine creatures to complex underwater environments,conventional biocompatible hydrogels are worth developing into organogels with preferred underwater adhesive properties,hydrophobic and antiswelling performance,and motion perception ability.Herein,a highly sensitive organogel sensor exhibiting good hydrophobicity,electromechanical properties,and adhesion properties was prepared for underwater utilization by regulating the chemical components and internal interactions.The synergistic effect of massive reversible noncovalent bonds ensures the organogel’s excellent underwater adhesion to multifarious substrates.Meanwhile,the interactions of hydrophobic conductive fillers and the dynamic hydrophobic associations in the organogel endow it with satisfactory hydrophobic performance(contact angle of111.8°)and antiswelling property(equilibrium swelling ratio of-31%after 15-day immersion).The fabricated flexible organogel strain sensor exhibits high sensitivity(gauge factor of1.96),ultrafast response rate(79.1 ms),low limit of detection(0.45 Pa),and excellent cyclic stability(1044 tensile cycles followed by 3981 compressive cycles).Results demonstrate the proposed organogel’s precise perception of sophisticated human motions in air and underwater,which expands its application scenarios.
