BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal neoplasm(GN)significantly impact the global cancer burden and mortality,necessitating early detection and treatment.Understanding the evolution and current state of research in this field i...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal neoplasm(GN)significantly impact the global cancer burden and mortality,necessitating early detection and treatment.Understanding the evolution and current state of research in this field is vital.AIM To conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications from 1984 to 2022 to elucidate the trends and hotspots in the GN risk assessment research,focusing on key contributors,institutions,and thematic evolution.METHODS This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of data from the Web of Science Core Collection database using the"bibliometrix"R package,VOSviewer,and CiteSpace.The analysis focused on the distribution of publications,contributions by institutions and countries,and trends in keywords.The methods included data synthesis,network analysis,and visualization of international collaboration networks.RESULTS This analysis of 1371 articles on GN risk assessment revealed a notable evolution in terms of research focus and collaboration.It highlights the United States'critical role in advancing this field,with significant contributions from institutions such as Brigham and Women's Hospital and the National Cancer Institute.The last five years,substantial advancements have been made,representing nearly 45%of the examined literature.Publication rates have dramatically increased,from 20 articles in 2002 to 112 in 2022,reflecting intensified research efforts.This study underscores a growing trend toward interdisciplinary and international collaboration,with the Journal of Clinical Oncology standing out as a key publication outlet.This shift toward more comprehensive and collaborative research methods marks a significant step in addressing GN risks.CONCLUSION This study underscores advancements in GN risk assessment through genetic analyses and machine learning and reveals significant geographical disparities in research emphasis.This calls for enhanced global collaboration and integration of artificial intelligence to improve cancer prevention and treatment accuracy,ultimately enhancing worldwide patient care.展开更多
Genome-wide association studies revealed that allelic variation in the α5-α3-β4 nicotine acetylcholine receptor(n ACh R) cluster on chromosome 15q24-15q25.1 was associated with lung cancer risk. n ACh Rs are membra...Genome-wide association studies revealed that allelic variation in the α5-α3-β4 nicotine acetylcholine receptor(n ACh R) cluster on chromosome 15q24-15q25.1 was associated with lung cancer risk. n ACh Rs are membrane ligand-gated cation channels whose activation is triggered by the binding of the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine(ACh) or other biologic compounds including nicotine. n ACh Rs have been found on lung cancer cells, underscoring the idea that the non-neuronal n ACh R pathway has important implications for lung cancer. Several studies focusing on the treatment with n ACh R antagonists with improved selectivity might trigger novel strategies for the intervention and prevention of lung cancer. Here we review the genetic risk factors for lung cancer in the n ACh R gene cluster, the roles of nicotine receptors, and the molecular mechanisms of acetylcholine receptor pathways to lead to more opportunities for intervention and prevention of lung cancer.展开更多
To elucidate the process of adaptation,particularly the traits subject to natural selection and the molecular mechanisms underlying their natural variation,is one of the primary objectives of evolutionary biology.The ...To elucidate the process of adaptation,particularly the traits subject to natural selection and the molecular mechanisms underlying their natural variation,is one of the primary objectives of evolutionary biology.The uplifted landscape offers an excellent framework for understanding how organisms adapt to dramatic climatic gradients.To investigate the genetic basis of plant adaptation to the extremely high altitude,we first compared the genomic and phenotypic variations of two closely related Arabidopsis thaliana accessions from high altitude(Xizang,also known as“Tibet”)and low altitude(Yunnan),respectively.The Xizang population represents a relict group characterized by a small effective population size.Notably,the Xizang genome has more transposable elements(TEs)and more gene loss-offunction(LoF)mutations.Differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes of cellular response to oxygen-containing compound,regulation of defense response,and response to light intensity.Intriguingly,the phenotypic selection analysis revealed that silique density was under natural selection.Furthermore,we genetically mapped and validated that the LoF mutation of GA20ox1,the homologous gene of green revolution in rice,resulted in a higher silique density in Xizang Arabidopsis.Given that GA20ox1 is linked to Arabidopsis adaptation to the Alps Mountains,its parallel evolution plays an important role in the adaptation to Alpine habitats.Overall,our results highlight that identifying adaptive traits and elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying natural variation of these traits is crucial for unraveling the mystery of adaptive evolution and has significant implications for crop breeding.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.72104183Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Project,No.20234Y0057+4 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program,No.20YF1444900Shanghai Hospital Association Project,No.X2022142Projects of the Committee of Shanghai Science and Technology,No.20Y11913700Guangdong Association of Clinical Trials(GACT)/Chinese Thoracic Oncology Group(CTONG)and Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer,No.2017B030314120Beijing CSCO(Sisco)Clinical Oncology Research Grant,No.Y-HS202101-0205.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal neoplasm(GN)significantly impact the global cancer burden and mortality,necessitating early detection and treatment.Understanding the evolution and current state of research in this field is vital.AIM To conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications from 1984 to 2022 to elucidate the trends and hotspots in the GN risk assessment research,focusing on key contributors,institutions,and thematic evolution.METHODS This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of data from the Web of Science Core Collection database using the"bibliometrix"R package,VOSviewer,and CiteSpace.The analysis focused on the distribution of publications,contributions by institutions and countries,and trends in keywords.The methods included data synthesis,network analysis,and visualization of international collaboration networks.RESULTS This analysis of 1371 articles on GN risk assessment revealed a notable evolution in terms of research focus and collaboration.It highlights the United States'critical role in advancing this field,with significant contributions from institutions such as Brigham and Women's Hospital and the National Cancer Institute.The last five years,substantial advancements have been made,representing nearly 45%of the examined literature.Publication rates have dramatically increased,from 20 articles in 2002 to 112 in 2022,reflecting intensified research efforts.This study underscores a growing trend toward interdisciplinary and international collaboration,with the Journal of Clinical Oncology standing out as a key publication outlet.This shift toward more comprehensive and collaborative research methods marks a significant step in addressing GN risks.CONCLUSION This study underscores advancements in GN risk assessment through genetic analyses and machine learning and reveals significant geographical disparities in research emphasis.This calls for enhanced global collaboration and integration of artificial intelligence to improve cancer prevention and treatment accuracy,ultimately enhancing worldwide patient care.
基金Supported by Youth Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Public Health Bureau,No.20124Y114Shanghai Chest Hospital"1050 Talents Project",ChinaProject of Shanghai Chest Hospital,No.YZ13-16
文摘Genome-wide association studies revealed that allelic variation in the α5-α3-β4 nicotine acetylcholine receptor(n ACh R) cluster on chromosome 15q24-15q25.1 was associated with lung cancer risk. n ACh Rs are membrane ligand-gated cation channels whose activation is triggered by the binding of the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine(ACh) or other biologic compounds including nicotine. n ACh Rs have been found on lung cancer cells, underscoring the idea that the non-neuronal n ACh R pathway has important implications for lung cancer. Several studies focusing on the treatment with n ACh R antagonists with improved selectivity might trigger novel strategies for the intervention and prevention of lung cancer. Here we review the genetic risk factors for lung cancer in the n ACh R gene cluster, the roles of nicotine receptors, and the molecular mechanisms of acetylcholine receptor pathways to lead to more opportunities for intervention and prevention of lung cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31925004 and 32430008 to Y.-L.G.,and 32100175 to Y.-C.X.)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-078 to Y.-C.X.)。
文摘To elucidate the process of adaptation,particularly the traits subject to natural selection and the molecular mechanisms underlying their natural variation,is one of the primary objectives of evolutionary biology.The uplifted landscape offers an excellent framework for understanding how organisms adapt to dramatic climatic gradients.To investigate the genetic basis of plant adaptation to the extremely high altitude,we first compared the genomic and phenotypic variations of two closely related Arabidopsis thaliana accessions from high altitude(Xizang,also known as“Tibet”)and low altitude(Yunnan),respectively.The Xizang population represents a relict group characterized by a small effective population size.Notably,the Xizang genome has more transposable elements(TEs)and more gene loss-offunction(LoF)mutations.Differentially expressed genes were enriched in biological processes of cellular response to oxygen-containing compound,regulation of defense response,and response to light intensity.Intriguingly,the phenotypic selection analysis revealed that silique density was under natural selection.Furthermore,we genetically mapped and validated that the LoF mutation of GA20ox1,the homologous gene of green revolution in rice,resulted in a higher silique density in Xizang Arabidopsis.Given that GA20ox1 is linked to Arabidopsis adaptation to the Alps Mountains,its parallel evolution plays an important role in the adaptation to Alpine habitats.Overall,our results highlight that identifying adaptive traits and elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying natural variation of these traits is crucial for unraveling the mystery of adaptive evolution and has significant implications for crop breeding.
