Fish morphological phenotypes are important resources in artificial breeding,functional gene mapping,and population-based studies in aquaculture and ecology.Traditional morphological measurement of phenotypes is rathe...Fish morphological phenotypes are important resources in artificial breeding,functional gene mapping,and population-based studies in aquaculture and ecology.Traditional morphological measurement of phenotypes is rather expensive in terms of time and labor.More importantly,manual measurement is highly dependent on operational experience,which can lead to subjective phenotyping results.Here,we developed 3DPhenoFish software to extract fish morphological phenotypes from three-dimensional(3D)point cloud data.Algorithms for background elimination,coordinate normalization,image segmentation,key point recognition,and phenotype extraction were developed and integrated into an intuitive user interface.Furthermore,18 key points and traditional 2D morphological traits,along with 3D phenotypes,including area and volume,can be automatically obtained in a visualized manner.Intuitive fine-tuning of key points and customized definitions of phenotypes are also allowed in the software.Using 3DPhenoFish,we performed high-throughput phenotyping for four endemic Schizothoracinae species,including Schizopygopsis younghusbandi,Oxygymnocypris stewartii,Ptychobarbus dipogon,and Schizothorax oconnori.Results indicated that the morphological phenotypes from 3DPhenoFish exhibited high linear correlation(>0.94)with manual measurements and offered informative traits to discriminate samples of different species and even for different populations of the same species.In summary,we developed an efficient,accurate,and customizable tool,3DPhenoFish,to extract morphological phenotypes from point cloud data,which should help overcome traditional challenges in manual measurements.3DPhenoFish can be used for research on morphological phenotypes in fish,including functional gene mapping,artificial selection,and conservation studies.3DPhenoFish is an open-source software and can be downloaded for free at https://github.com/lyh24k/3DPhenoFish/tree/master.展开更多
BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a deadly inflammatory disease with complex pathogenesis and lack of effective therapeutic options.N6-methyladenosine(m6A)modification of circRNAs plays important roles in ph...BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a deadly inflammatory disease with complex pathogenesis and lack of effective therapeutic options.N6-methyladenosine(m6A)modification of circRNAs plays important roles in physiological and pathological processes.However,the roles of m6A circRNA in the pathological process of SAP remains unknown.AIM To identify transcriptome-wide map of m6A circRNAs and to determine their biological significance and potential mechanisms in SAP.METHODS The SAP in C57BL/6 mice was induced using 4%sodium taurocholate salt.The transcriptome-wide map of m6A circRNAs was identified by m6A-modified RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing.The biological significance of circRNAs with differentially expressed m6A peaks was evaluated through gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis.The underlying mechanism of m6A circRNAs in SAP was analyzed by constructing of m6A circRNAmicroRNA networks.The expression of demethylases was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot to deduce the possible mechanism of reversible m6A process in SAP.RESULTS Fifty-seven circRNAs with differentially expressed m6A peaks were identified by m6A-modified RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing,of which 32 were upregulated and 25 downregulated.Functional analysis of these m6A circRNAs in SAP found some important pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SAP,such as regulation of autophagy and protein digestion.In m6A circRNA–miRNA networks,several important miRNAs participated in the occurrence and progression of SAP were found to bind to these m6A circRNAs,such as miR-24-3p,miR-26a,miR-92b,miR-216b,miR-324-5p and miR-762.Notably,the total m6A level of circRNAs was reduced,while the demethylase alkylation repair homolog 5 was upregulated in SAP.CONCLUSION m6A modification of circRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of SAP.Our findings may provide novel insights to explore the possible pathogenetic mechanism of SAP and seek new potential therapeutic targets for SAP.展开更多
BACKGROUND The main treatment methods for cancer include surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeted drug therapy and so on.Patients often feel anger,anxiety,depression,and other negative psychological reactions in the...BACKGROUND The main treatment methods for cancer include surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeted drug therapy and so on.Patients often feel anger,anxiety,depression,and other negative psychological reactions in the process of treatment.AIM To explore the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on the personality characteristics of cancer patients.METHODS According to the matching design requirements,150 cancer patients were divided into 3 groups based on sex,age,condition,and cultural background.Patients in the control group received conventional treatment.Patients in experimental group 1 received an intervention based on conventional treatment combined with cognitive behavioral therapy.Patients in experimental group 2 received family members'participation in addition to the treatment given in experimental group 1.An Eysenck personality questionnaire was used to investigate all the patients before and after the intervention,and the scores for psychosis,introversion,neuroticism,and concealment degree were analyzed.RESULTS Compared with the control group,for experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 before and after the intervention,the four dimensions of mental quality,neuroticism,introversion and concealment degree all decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,there were no obvious or statistically significant differences(P>0.05)among the control group,experimental group 1,and experimental group 2 for two personality traits,psychoticism and neuroticism,both inside and outside degree and all four dimensions.CONCLUSION Simple cognitive behavioral therapy could not change the personality characteristics of cancer patients quickly,but the patients’personality characteristics were significantly improved after treatment.展开更多
It is challenging to make an ultrafast diagnosis of the temporal evolution of small and short-lived plasma in two dimensions. To overcome this difficulty, we have developed a well-timed diagnostic utilizing an x-ray s...It is challenging to make an ultrafast diagnosis of the temporal evolution of small and short-lived plasma in two dimensions. To overcome this difficulty, we have developed a well-timed diagnostic utilizing an x-ray streak camera equipped with a row of multi-pinhole arrays. By processing multiple sets of one-dimensional streaked image data acquired from various pinholes, we are capable of reconstructing high-resolution two-dimensional images with a temporal resolution of 38 ps and a spatial resolution of 18 μm. The temporal fiducial pulses accessed from external sources can advance the precise timing and accurately determine the arrival time of the laser. Moreover, it can correct the nonlinear sweeping speed of the streak camera. The effectiveness of this diagnostic has been successfully verified at the Shenguang-II laser facility,providing an indispensable tool for observing complex physical phenomena, such as the implosion process of laser-fusion experiments.展开更多
Generation of nonlinear structures,such as stimulated Raman side scattering waves,post-solitons and electron vortices,during ultra-short intense laser pulse transportation in near-critical-density(NCD)plasmas is studi...Generation of nonlinear structures,such as stimulated Raman side scattering waves,post-solitons and electron vortices,during ultra-short intense laser pulse transportation in near-critical-density(NCD)plasmas is studied by using multidimensional particle-in-cell(PIC)simulations.In two-dimensional geometries,both P-and S-polarized laser pulses are used to drive these nonlinear structures and to check the polarization effects on them.In the S-polarized case,the scattered waves can be captured by surrounding plasmas leading to the generation of post-solitons,while the main pulse excites convective electric currents leading to the formation of electron vortices through Kelvin-Helmholtz instability(KHI).In the P-polarized case,the scattered waves dissipate their energy by heating surrounding plasmas.Electron vortices are excited due to the hosing instability of the drive laser.These polarization dependent physical processes are reproduced in two different planes perpendicular to the laser propagation direction in three-dimensional simulation with linearly polarized laser driver.The current work provides inspiration for future experiments of laser-NCD plasma interactions.展开更多
Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the novel coronavirus,has spread rapidly across China.Consequently,there is an urgent need to sort and develop novel agents for the prevention and treatment of viral infect...Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the novel coronavirus,has spread rapidly across China.Consequently,there is an urgent need to sort and develop novel agents for the prevention and treatment of viral infections.A rapid structure-based virtual screening is used for the evaluation of current commercial drugs,with structures of human angiotensin converting enzymeⅡ(ACE2),and viral main protease,spike,envelope,membrane and nucleocapsid proteins.Our results reveal that the reported drugs Arbidol,Chloroquine and Remdesivir may hinder the entry and release of virions through the bindings with ACE2,spike and envelope proteins.Due to the similar binding patterns,NHC(β-d-N4-hydroxycytidine)and Triazavirin are also in prospects for clinical use.Main protease(3 CLpro)is likely to be a feasible target of drug design.The screening results to target 3 CLpro reveal that Mitoguazone,Metformin,Biguanide Hydrochloride,Gallic acid,Caffeic acid,Sulfaguanidine and Acetylcysteine seem be possible inhibitors and have potential application in the clinical therapy of COVID-19.展开更多
Objective:To study the effect of hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia on serum pain mediators and placental hypoxia molecules after cesarean section.Methods: 126 wo...Objective:To study the effect of hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia on serum pain mediators and placental hypoxia molecules after cesarean section.Methods: 126 women accepting cesarean section in our hospital between May 2013 and December 2015 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups, observation group of subjects received hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and control group of subjects accepted bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. 1, 3 and 5 d after delivery, serum was collected to determine the levels of pain mediators;the placenta tissue was collected to detect the levels of oxidative stress molecules and endoplasmic reticulum stress molecules.Results: 1, 3 and 5 d after delivery, serum substance P (SP),β-endorphin (β-EP), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), nitric oxide (NO) and norepinephrine (NE) levels of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group whileβ-EP levels were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05);reactive oxide species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), GRP78, ERdj1, CHOP and ASK1 levels in placenta tissue of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group while glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and vitamin C (VitC) levels were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia can adjust the pain mediator secretion, relieve postoperative pain and inhibit oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.展开更多
Straight plasma channels are widely used to guide relativistic intense laser pulses over several Rayleigh lengths for laser wakefield acceleration.Recently,a curved plasma channel with gradually varied curvature was s...Straight plasma channels are widely used to guide relativistic intense laser pulses over several Rayleigh lengths for laser wakefield acceleration.Recently,a curved plasma channel with gradually varied curvature was suggested to guide a fresh intense laser pulse and merge it into a straight channel for staged wakefield acceleration[Phys.Rev.Lett.120,154801(2018)].In this work,we report the generation of such a curved plasma channel from a discharged capillary.Both longitudinal and transverse density distributions of the plasma inside the channel were diagnosed by analyzing the discharging spectroscopy.Effects of the gas-filling mode,back pressure and discharging voltage on the plasma density distribution inside the specially designed capillary are studied.Experiments show that a longitudinally uniform and transversely parabolic plasma channel with a maximum channel depth of 47.5µm and length of 3 cm can be produced,which is temporally stable enough for laser guiding.Using such a plasma channel,a laser pulse with duration of 30 fs has been successfully guided along the channel with the propagation direction bent by 10.4◦.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072980)Key Research and Development Projects in Tibet(XZ202001ZY0016N,XZ201902NB02,XZNKY-2019-C-053)。
文摘Fish morphological phenotypes are important resources in artificial breeding,functional gene mapping,and population-based studies in aquaculture and ecology.Traditional morphological measurement of phenotypes is rather expensive in terms of time and labor.More importantly,manual measurement is highly dependent on operational experience,which can lead to subjective phenotyping results.Here,we developed 3DPhenoFish software to extract fish morphological phenotypes from three-dimensional(3D)point cloud data.Algorithms for background elimination,coordinate normalization,image segmentation,key point recognition,and phenotype extraction were developed and integrated into an intuitive user interface.Furthermore,18 key points and traditional 2D morphological traits,along with 3D phenotypes,including area and volume,can be automatically obtained in a visualized manner.Intuitive fine-tuning of key points and customized definitions of phenotypes are also allowed in the software.Using 3DPhenoFish,we performed high-throughput phenotyping for four endemic Schizothoracinae species,including Schizopygopsis younghusbandi,Oxygymnocypris stewartii,Ptychobarbus dipogon,and Schizothorax oconnori.Results indicated that the morphological phenotypes from 3DPhenoFish exhibited high linear correlation(>0.94)with manual measurements and offered informative traits to discriminate samples of different species and even for different populations of the same species.In summary,we developed an efficient,accurate,and customizable tool,3DPhenoFish,to extract morphological phenotypes from point cloud data,which should help overcome traditional challenges in manual measurements.3DPhenoFish can be used for research on morphological phenotypes in fish,including functional gene mapping,artificial selection,and conservation studies.3DPhenoFish is an open-source software and can be downloaded for free at https://github.com/lyh24k/3DPhenoFish/tree/master.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81772001the National Clinical Key Subject of China,No.41732113.
文摘BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a deadly inflammatory disease with complex pathogenesis and lack of effective therapeutic options.N6-methyladenosine(m6A)modification of circRNAs plays important roles in physiological and pathological processes.However,the roles of m6A circRNA in the pathological process of SAP remains unknown.AIM To identify transcriptome-wide map of m6A circRNAs and to determine their biological significance and potential mechanisms in SAP.METHODS The SAP in C57BL/6 mice was induced using 4%sodium taurocholate salt.The transcriptome-wide map of m6A circRNAs was identified by m6A-modified RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing.The biological significance of circRNAs with differentially expressed m6A peaks was evaluated through gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis.The underlying mechanism of m6A circRNAs in SAP was analyzed by constructing of m6A circRNAmicroRNA networks.The expression of demethylases was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot to deduce the possible mechanism of reversible m6A process in SAP.RESULTS Fifty-seven circRNAs with differentially expressed m6A peaks were identified by m6A-modified RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing,of which 32 were upregulated and 25 downregulated.Functional analysis of these m6A circRNAs in SAP found some important pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SAP,such as regulation of autophagy and protein digestion.In m6A circRNA–miRNA networks,several important miRNAs participated in the occurrence and progression of SAP were found to bind to these m6A circRNAs,such as miR-24-3p,miR-26a,miR-92b,miR-216b,miR-324-5p and miR-762.Notably,the total m6A level of circRNAs was reduced,while the demethylase alkylation repair homolog 5 was upregulated in SAP.CONCLUSION m6A modification of circRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of SAP.Our findings may provide novel insights to explore the possible pathogenetic mechanism of SAP and seek new potential therapeutic targets for SAP.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of the Guizhou Health Department,No.GZWKJ2011-1-026National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81760548.
文摘BACKGROUND The main treatment methods for cancer include surgery,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,targeted drug therapy and so on.Patients often feel anger,anxiety,depression,and other negative psychological reactions in the process of treatment.AIM To explore the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy on the personality characteristics of cancer patients.METHODS According to the matching design requirements,150 cancer patients were divided into 3 groups based on sex,age,condition,and cultural background.Patients in the control group received conventional treatment.Patients in experimental group 1 received an intervention based on conventional treatment combined with cognitive behavioral therapy.Patients in experimental group 2 received family members'participation in addition to the treatment given in experimental group 1.An Eysenck personality questionnaire was used to investigate all the patients before and after the intervention,and the scores for psychosis,introversion,neuroticism,and concealment degree were analyzed.RESULTS Compared with the control group,for experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 before and after the intervention,the four dimensions of mental quality,neuroticism,introversion and concealment degree all decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,there were no obvious or statistically significant differences(P>0.05)among the control group,experimental group 1,and experimental group 2 for two personality traits,psychoticism and neuroticism,both inside and outside degree and all four dimensions.CONCLUSION Simple cognitive behavioral therapy could not change the personality characteristics of cancer patients quickly,but the patients’personality characteristics were significantly improved after treatment.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant Nos. XDA25030700 and XDA25030500)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos. 2022YFA1603200 and 2022YFA1603203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 12175018, 12135001, 12075030, and 11903006)。
文摘It is challenging to make an ultrafast diagnosis of the temporal evolution of small and short-lived plasma in two dimensions. To overcome this difficulty, we have developed a well-timed diagnostic utilizing an x-ray streak camera equipped with a row of multi-pinhole arrays. By processing multiple sets of one-dimensional streaked image data acquired from various pinholes, we are capable of reconstructing high-resolution two-dimensional images with a temporal resolution of 38 ps and a spatial resolution of 18 μm. The temporal fiducial pulses accessed from external sources can advance the precise timing and accurately determine the arrival time of the laser. Moreover, it can correct the nonlinear sweeping speed of the streak camera. The effectiveness of this diagnostic has been successfully verified at the Shenguang-II laser facility,providing an indispensable tool for observing complex physical phenomena, such as the implosion process of laser-fusion experiments.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11991074,11774227,12005287,and 12135009)NSAF of China(Grant No.U1930111)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant No.ZR2019ZD44)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDA25000000 and XDA25050800)。
文摘Generation of nonlinear structures,such as stimulated Raman side scattering waves,post-solitons and electron vortices,during ultra-short intense laser pulse transportation in near-critical-density(NCD)plasmas is studied by using multidimensional particle-in-cell(PIC)simulations.In two-dimensional geometries,both P-and S-polarized laser pulses are used to drive these nonlinear structures and to check the polarization effects on them.In the S-polarized case,the scattered waves can be captured by surrounding plasmas leading to the generation of post-solitons,while the main pulse excites convective electric currents leading to the formation of electron vortices through Kelvin-Helmholtz instability(KHI).In the P-polarized case,the scattered waves dissipate their energy by heating surrounding plasmas.Electron vortices are excited due to the hosing instability of the drive laser.These polarization dependent physical processes are reproduced in two different planes perpendicular to the laser propagation direction in three-dimensional simulation with linearly polarized laser driver.The current work provides inspiration for future experiments of laser-NCD plasma interactions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11774279 and 11774280)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant Nos.xjj2017029 and xzy032020038)Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2019JQ-603)。
文摘Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the novel coronavirus,has spread rapidly across China.Consequently,there is an urgent need to sort and develop novel agents for the prevention and treatment of viral infections.A rapid structure-based virtual screening is used for the evaluation of current commercial drugs,with structures of human angiotensin converting enzymeⅡ(ACE2),and viral main protease,spike,envelope,membrane and nucleocapsid proteins.Our results reveal that the reported drugs Arbidol,Chloroquine and Remdesivir may hinder the entry and release of virions through the bindings with ACE2,spike and envelope proteins.Due to the similar binding patterns,NHC(β-d-N4-hydroxycytidine)and Triazavirin are also in prospects for clinical use.Main protease(3 CLpro)is likely to be a feasible target of drug design.The screening results to target 3 CLpro reveal that Mitoguazone,Metformin,Biguanide Hydrochloride,Gallic acid,Caffeic acid,Sulfaguanidine and Acetylcysteine seem be possible inhibitors and have potential application in the clinical therapy of COVID-19.
文摘Objective:To study the effect of hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia on serum pain mediators and placental hypoxia molecules after cesarean section.Methods: 126 women accepting cesarean section in our hospital between May 2013 and December 2015 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into two groups, observation group of subjects received hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia and control group of subjects accepted bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. 1, 3 and 5 d after delivery, serum was collected to determine the levels of pain mediators;the placenta tissue was collected to detect the levels of oxidative stress molecules and endoplasmic reticulum stress molecules.Results: 1, 3 and 5 d after delivery, serum substance P (SP),β-endorphin (β-EP), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), nitric oxide (NO) and norepinephrine (NE) levels of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group whileβ-EP levels were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05);reactive oxide species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), GRP78, ERdj1, CHOP and ASK1 levels in placenta tissue of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group while glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and vitamin C (VitC) levels were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with bupivacaine combined spinal-epidural anesthesia can adjust the pain mediator secretion, relieve postoperative pain and inhibit oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11991074 and 12225505)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDA25010500,XDA25050000 and XDA17040504).
文摘Straight plasma channels are widely used to guide relativistic intense laser pulses over several Rayleigh lengths for laser wakefield acceleration.Recently,a curved plasma channel with gradually varied curvature was suggested to guide a fresh intense laser pulse and merge it into a straight channel for staged wakefield acceleration[Phys.Rev.Lett.120,154801(2018)].In this work,we report the generation of such a curved plasma channel from a discharged capillary.Both longitudinal and transverse density distributions of the plasma inside the channel were diagnosed by analyzing the discharging spectroscopy.Effects of the gas-filling mode,back pressure and discharging voltage on the plasma density distribution inside the specially designed capillary are studied.Experiments show that a longitudinally uniform and transversely parabolic plasma channel with a maximum channel depth of 47.5µm and length of 3 cm can be produced,which is temporally stable enough for laser guiding.Using such a plasma channel,a laser pulse with duration of 30 fs has been successfully guided along the channel with the propagation direction bent by 10.4◦.
