目的:基于国内外针刺疗法治疗变应性鼻炎(AR)的动物实验及临床研究文献,总结针刺治疗AR的研究特点,为优化针刺研究提供依据和思路。方法:检索国家知识基础设施数据库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(CSPD)、中文科技期刊数据库(CCD)、中国...目的:基于国内外针刺疗法治疗变应性鼻炎(AR)的动物实验及临床研究文献,总结针刺治疗AR的研究特点,为优化针刺研究提供依据和思路。方法:检索国家知识基础设施数据库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(CSPD)、中文科技期刊数据库(CCD)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science共7个数据库2013年1月至2023年8月发表的文献,收集主要干预方式为针刺,研究对象为AR模型动物或AR患者,且结局指标包含AR发病机制相关的生物学标志物的文献,对纳入文献的研究类型、干预措施、腧穴分布、高频腧穴、腧穴归经、穴位机制相关性进行汇总与分析,并评价纳入文献的质量。结果:共纳入35篇文献,其中临床试验25篇,动物研究10篇。所用腧穴共34个,频次≥5的高频腧穴共12个。生物标志物共31个,以炎症机制与免疫机制为主。分析的高频腧穴多用于研究免疫指标免疫球蛋白E以及炎症介质白细胞介素-4。纳入文献总体质量较低。结论:迎香穴使用频次较多,针刺治疗AR的操作方法及选穴尚无统一标准;目前免疫-炎症调节机制是针刺AR的主要研究热点,但研究深度较浅;需加强理论基础与动物研究、临床试验三者的结合,未来仍需大量标准化的研究加以探索和验证。展开更多
Critical zone(CZ)plays a vital role in sustaining biodiversity and humanity.However,flux quantification within CZ,particularly in terms of subsurface hydrological partitioning,remains a significant challenge.This stud...Critical zone(CZ)plays a vital role in sustaining biodiversity and humanity.However,flux quantification within CZ,particularly in terms of subsurface hydrological partitioning,remains a significant challenge.This study focused on quantifying subsurface hydrological partitioning,specifically in an alpine mountainous area,and highlighted the important role of lateral flow during this process.Precipitation was usually classified as two parts into the soil:increased soil water content(SWC)and lateral flow out of the soil pit.It was found that 65%–88%precipitation contributed to lateral flow.The second common partitioning class showed an increase in SWC caused by both precipitation and lateral flow into the soil pit.In this case,lateral flow contributed to the SWC increase ranging from 43%to 74%,which was notably larger than the SWC increase caused by precipitation.On alpine meadows,lateral flow from the soil pit occurred when the shallow soil was wetter than the field capacity.This result highlighted the need for three-dimensional simulation between soil layers in Earth system models(ESMs).During evapotranspiration process,significant differences were observed in the classification of subsurface hydrological partitioning among different vegetation types.Due to tangled and aggregated fine roots in the surface soil on alpine meadows,the majority of subsurface responses involved lateral flow,which provided 98%–100%of evapotranspiration(ET).On grassland,there was a high probability(0.87),which ET was entirely provided by lateral flow.The main reason for underestimating transpiration through soil water dynamics in previous research was the neglect of lateral root water uptake.Furthermore,there was a probability of 0.12,which ET was entirely provided by SWC decrease on grassland.In this case,there was a high probability(0.98)that soil water responses only occurred at layer 2(10–20 cm),because grass roots mainly distributed in this soil layer,and grasses often used their deep roots for water uptake during ET.To improve the estimation of soil water dynamics and ET,we established a random forest(RF)model to simulate lateral flow and then corrected the community land model(CLM).RF model demonstrated good performance and led to significant improvements in CLM simulation.These findings enhance our understanding of subsurface hydrological partitioning and emphasize the importance of considering lateral flow in ESMs and hydrological research.展开更多
为发展适宜中国区域农业种植特点的农业气象模式,基于国外作物生长模拟方法,通过模式机理过程改进或重构以及应用方式革新,建立了中国农业气象模式(Chinese AgroMeteorological Model version 1.0,CAMM1.0)。CAMM1.0利用平均温度和土壤...为发展适宜中国区域农业种植特点的农业气象模式,基于国外作物生长模拟方法,通过模式机理过程改进或重构以及应用方式革新,建立了中国农业气象模式(Chinese AgroMeteorological Model version 1.0,CAMM1.0)。CAMM1.0利用平均温度和土壤水分改进了作物发育进程模式,利用土壤水分改进了作物叶片光合作用、干物质分配和叶面积扩展过程模式,通过蒸发比法扩展了作物蒸散过程模式;自主建立了基于发育进程的冬小麦株高、基于遥感信息的作物灌溉、遥感数据同化、作物长势与灾害评价等模式。基于互联网技术构造了实时运转平台,主要功能包括作物生长过程实时常规模拟与用户个性化定制模拟。CAMM1.0的部分子模式采用多种方法构造,便于多模式集成。CAMM1.0对作物发育进程、光合过程、株高的模拟效果较好,但对土壤水分变化过程的拟合略差,模拟产量略偏低。CAMM1.0评价淮河流域夏玉米年际干旱减弱而涝渍增加的趋势与实际基本相符。展开更多
文摘目的:基于国内外针刺疗法治疗变应性鼻炎(AR)的动物实验及临床研究文献,总结针刺治疗AR的研究特点,为优化针刺研究提供依据和思路。方法:检索国家知识基础设施数据库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(CSPD)、中文科技期刊数据库(CCD)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science共7个数据库2013年1月至2023年8月发表的文献,收集主要干预方式为针刺,研究对象为AR模型动物或AR患者,且结局指标包含AR发病机制相关的生物学标志物的文献,对纳入文献的研究类型、干预措施、腧穴分布、高频腧穴、腧穴归经、穴位机制相关性进行汇总与分析,并评价纳入文献的质量。结果:共纳入35篇文献,其中临床试验25篇,动物研究10篇。所用腧穴共34个,频次≥5的高频腧穴共12个。生物标志物共31个,以炎症机制与免疫机制为主。分析的高频腧穴多用于研究免疫指标免疫球蛋白E以及炎症介质白细胞介素-4。纳入文献总体质量较低。结论:迎香穴使用频次较多,针刺治疗AR的操作方法及选穴尚无统一标准;目前免疫-炎症调节机制是针刺AR的主要研究热点,但研究深度较浅;需加强理论基础与动物研究、临床试验三者的结合,未来仍需大量标准化的研究加以探索和验证。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42371022,42030501,41877148).
文摘Critical zone(CZ)plays a vital role in sustaining biodiversity and humanity.However,flux quantification within CZ,particularly in terms of subsurface hydrological partitioning,remains a significant challenge.This study focused on quantifying subsurface hydrological partitioning,specifically in an alpine mountainous area,and highlighted the important role of lateral flow during this process.Precipitation was usually classified as two parts into the soil:increased soil water content(SWC)and lateral flow out of the soil pit.It was found that 65%–88%precipitation contributed to lateral flow.The second common partitioning class showed an increase in SWC caused by both precipitation and lateral flow into the soil pit.In this case,lateral flow contributed to the SWC increase ranging from 43%to 74%,which was notably larger than the SWC increase caused by precipitation.On alpine meadows,lateral flow from the soil pit occurred when the shallow soil was wetter than the field capacity.This result highlighted the need for three-dimensional simulation between soil layers in Earth system models(ESMs).During evapotranspiration process,significant differences were observed in the classification of subsurface hydrological partitioning among different vegetation types.Due to tangled and aggregated fine roots in the surface soil on alpine meadows,the majority of subsurface responses involved lateral flow,which provided 98%–100%of evapotranspiration(ET).On grassland,there was a high probability(0.87),which ET was entirely provided by lateral flow.The main reason for underestimating transpiration through soil water dynamics in previous research was the neglect of lateral root water uptake.Furthermore,there was a probability of 0.12,which ET was entirely provided by SWC decrease on grassland.In this case,there was a high probability(0.98)that soil water responses only occurred at layer 2(10–20 cm),because grass roots mainly distributed in this soil layer,and grasses often used their deep roots for water uptake during ET.To improve the estimation of soil water dynamics and ET,we established a random forest(RF)model to simulate lateral flow and then corrected the community land model(CLM).RF model demonstrated good performance and led to significant improvements in CLM simulation.These findings enhance our understanding of subsurface hydrological partitioning and emphasize the importance of considering lateral flow in ESMs and hydrological research.
文摘为发展适宜中国区域农业种植特点的农业气象模式,基于国外作物生长模拟方法,通过模式机理过程改进或重构以及应用方式革新,建立了中国农业气象模式(Chinese AgroMeteorological Model version 1.0,CAMM1.0)。CAMM1.0利用平均温度和土壤水分改进了作物发育进程模式,利用土壤水分改进了作物叶片光合作用、干物质分配和叶面积扩展过程模式,通过蒸发比法扩展了作物蒸散过程模式;自主建立了基于发育进程的冬小麦株高、基于遥感信息的作物灌溉、遥感数据同化、作物长势与灾害评价等模式。基于互联网技术构造了实时运转平台,主要功能包括作物生长过程实时常规模拟与用户个性化定制模拟。CAMM1.0的部分子模式采用多种方法构造,便于多模式集成。CAMM1.0对作物发育进程、光合过程、株高的模拟效果较好,但对土壤水分变化过程的拟合略差,模拟产量略偏低。CAMM1.0评价淮河流域夏玉米年际干旱减弱而涝渍增加的趋势与实际基本相符。
