The Xiaotian–Mozitan Shear Zone(XMSZ)is the boundary of the Dabie High-grade Metamorphic Complex(DHMC)and the North Huaiyang Tectonic Belt.It was deformed in ductile conditions with a top-to-NW/WNW movement.Geothermo...The Xiaotian–Mozitan Shear Zone(XMSZ)is the boundary of the Dabie High-grade Metamorphic Complex(DHMC)and the North Huaiyang Tectonic Belt.It was deformed in ductile conditions with a top-to-NW/WNW movement.Geothermometers applied to mineral parageneses in mylonites of the shear zone give a temperature range of 623–691°C for the predeformation and 515–568°C for the syndeformation,respectively,which indicates a retrograde process of evolution.A few groups of zircon U-Pb ages were obtained from undeformed granitic veins and different types of deformed rocks in the zone.Zircons from the felsic ultramylonites are all magmatic,producing a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 754±8.1 Ma,which indicates the time of magmatic activities caused by rifting in the Neoproterozoic.Zircons from the granitic veins,cutting into the mylonites,are also of magmatic origin,producing a weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U age of 130±2.5 Ma,which represents the time of regional magmatic activity in the Cretaceous.Zircons from the mylonitic gneisses are of anatectic-metamorphic origins and are characterized by a core-mantle interior texture,which yielded several populations of ages including the Neoproterozoic ages with a weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U age of 762±18 Ma,similar to that of the felsic ultramylonites and the Early Cretaceous ages with a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 143±1.8 Ma,indicating the anatectic metamorphism in the Dabie Orogenic Belt(DOB).Based on integrated analysis of the structure,thermal conditions of ductile deformation and the contact relations of the dated rocks,the activation time of the Xiaotian–Mozitan Shear Zone is constrained between~143 Ma and 130 Ma,during which the DOB was undergoing a transition in tectonic regime from compression to extension.Therefore,the deformation and evolution of this shear zone plays an instrumental role in fully understanding this process.This research also inclines us to the interpretation of it as an extensional detachment,with regard to the tectonic properties of the shear zone.It may also be part of a continental scale extension in the background of the North China Block’s cratonic destruction,dominated by the subduction and roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific plate,but more detailed work is needed in order to unravel its complicated development.展开更多
Identification and anatomy of oceanic arcs within ancient orogenic belt are significant for better understanding the tectonic framework and closure process of paleo-ocean basin.This article summarizes the geological,g...Identification and anatomy of oceanic arcs within ancient orogenic belt are significant for better understanding the tectonic framework and closure process of paleo-ocean basin.This article summarizes the geological,geochemical,and geochronological characteristics of upper crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan intra-oceanic arc and provides new data to constrain the subduction evolution of the South Qilian Ocean.The intra-oceanic arc volcanic rocks,including intermediate-mafic lava,breccia,tuff,and minor felsic rocks,are distributed along southern part of the Lajishan ophiolite belt.Geochemical and isotopic compositions indicate that the intermediate-mafic lava were originated from depleted mantle contaminated by sediment melts or hydrous fluids,whereas the felsic rocks were likely generated by partial melting of juvenile mafic crust in intra-oceanic arc setting.Zircons from felsic rocks yield consistent and concordant ages ranging from 506 to 523 Ma,suggesting these volcanic rocks represent the relicts of upper crust of the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc.Combined with the Cambrian forearc ophiolite and accretionary complex,we suggest that the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc in the Lajishan ophiolite belt is belonging to the intra-oceanic arc system which was generated by south-directed subduction in the South Qilian Ocean at a relatively short interval between approximately 530 and 480 Ma.展开更多
中亚成矿域夹持于西伯利亚、东欧和塔里木-华北克拉通之间,展布范围与全球显生宙大陆地壳生长最典型的增生型造山带——中亚造山带相当,并产出一系列大型—超大型斑岩铜(-金)、斑岩钼及斑岩铜(-钼)矿床。斑岩成矿作用自西向东存在明显差...中亚成矿域夹持于西伯利亚、东欧和塔里木-华北克拉通之间,展布范围与全球显生宙大陆地壳生长最典型的增生型造山带——中亚造山带相当,并产出一系列大型—超大型斑岩铜(-金)、斑岩钼及斑岩铜(-钼)矿床。斑岩成矿作用自西向东存在明显差异,可高度概括为具‘西铜东钼、早铜晚钼’特征。基于前寒武纪基底性质、成矿大地构造背景以及斑岩成矿特征方面的系统综合研究,以重要构造线为界,将成矿域进一步划分为三个成矿省:哈萨克斯坦斑岩Cu(-Au-Mo)、蒙古斑岩Cu(-Au)和中国东北斑岩Mo(-Cu)成矿省。哈萨克斯坦成矿省具新太古—古元古代结晶基底;四个大型斑岩Cu矿床形成于早古生代增生造山过程(481~440Ma),而绝大多数矿床为晚石炭世(330~295Ma)集中爆发成矿的产物。古亚洲洋西段,沿我国中天山—伊犁南缘—吉尔吉斯北天山—中哈萨克斯坦—科克切塔夫至成吉思线性展布的古生代岩浆弧与哈萨克斯坦山弯构造共同制约了斑岩成矿作用;增生造山向山弯构造的转换阶段为斑岩集中成矿期。蒙古斑岩成矿省亦具新太古代—早古元古代结晶基底;斑岩成矿作用主要发生在泥盆纪(~370Ma)和三叠纪(~240Ma)两个时期,为图瓦-蒙古山弯构造演化过程中两个局部时段的突发成矿;早期成矿事件与古亚洲洋体系向南戈壁微地块下的俯冲增生造山有关,晚期成矿可能是蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋俯冲作用的结果。中国东北斑岩成矿省广泛发育新元古代结晶基底和泛非事件岩石学记录;奥陶纪(482~440Ma)斑岩成矿受控于古亚洲洋早古生代时期俯冲增生作用;而中生代斑岩钼集中爆发成矿则分别受控于古亚洲洋体系后碰撞(~250Ma)、蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋体系同俯冲(248~204Ma)、古太平洋体系同俯冲(195~145Ma)及中国东部岩石圈减薄事件(145~106Ma)不同地球动力学体制。成矿流体方面总体而论,中亚斑岩型矿床热液蚀变遵循经典Lowell and Guibert模式,高氧化性岩浆流体有效出溶造就了大型-超大型斑岩矿床。中亚成矿域斑岩铜矿的成矿斑岩岩石类型与环太平洋域成矿斑岩类似,以钙碱性和高钾钙碱性成分为主,最常见的是石英二长闪长岩、二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩和花岗岩。成钼矿斑岩比成铜(-金-钼)斑岩更偏酸性,具更高SiO2含量。部分斑岩具埃达克质岩微量元素地球化学特征,另一部分斑岩却有类似正常弧火山岩的特征。虽然现有弧环境斑岩岩浆产生的‘MASH’和‘板片熔融’模型以及‘后碰撞拆沉与新生基性下地壳熔融’模型能够解释中亚成矿域部分斑岩铜矿床成矿的深部机制,但本文新提出‘残余洋中脊俯冲+预富集基性下地壳熔融’模型解释哈萨克斯坦成矿省巴尔喀什—西准噶尔成矿带斑岩铜大规模成矿的深部机制。中亚域斑岩钼成矿与古老地壳或古老岩石圈地幔的熔融无关,而与新生地壳熔融产生长英质岩浆的深部事件存在直接成因联系。西段哈萨克斯坦省新生地壳由古生代古亚洲洋演化过程中弧增生事件形成,而东段中国东北成矿省新生地壳则是新元古代与Rodinia超大陆相关聚合和裂解事件造就的。"新生下地壳部分熔融成钼"模型突破了钼成矿与古老地壳熔融有关的传统认识,能很好地解释全球最大的中国东北钼成矿省的成矿深部动力学机制。展开更多
基金financially supported by the High Level Talent Introduction Program of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 2018the National Postdoctoral Program(2018M643776)the Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0601206)。
文摘The Xiaotian–Mozitan Shear Zone(XMSZ)is the boundary of the Dabie High-grade Metamorphic Complex(DHMC)and the North Huaiyang Tectonic Belt.It was deformed in ductile conditions with a top-to-NW/WNW movement.Geothermometers applied to mineral parageneses in mylonites of the shear zone give a temperature range of 623–691°C for the predeformation and 515–568°C for the syndeformation,respectively,which indicates a retrograde process of evolution.A few groups of zircon U-Pb ages were obtained from undeformed granitic veins and different types of deformed rocks in the zone.Zircons from the felsic ultramylonites are all magmatic,producing a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 754±8.1 Ma,which indicates the time of magmatic activities caused by rifting in the Neoproterozoic.Zircons from the granitic veins,cutting into the mylonites,are also of magmatic origin,producing a weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U age of 130±2.5 Ma,which represents the time of regional magmatic activity in the Cretaceous.Zircons from the mylonitic gneisses are of anatectic-metamorphic origins and are characterized by a core-mantle interior texture,which yielded several populations of ages including the Neoproterozoic ages with a weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U age of 762±18 Ma,similar to that of the felsic ultramylonites and the Early Cretaceous ages with a weighted mean 206Pb/238U age of 143±1.8 Ma,indicating the anatectic metamorphism in the Dabie Orogenic Belt(DOB).Based on integrated analysis of the structure,thermal conditions of ductile deformation and the contact relations of the dated rocks,the activation time of the Xiaotian–Mozitan Shear Zone is constrained between~143 Ma and 130 Ma,during which the DOB was undergoing a transition in tectonic regime from compression to extension.Therefore,the deformation and evolution of this shear zone plays an instrumental role in fully understanding this process.This research also inclines us to the interpretation of it as an extensional detachment,with regard to the tectonic properties of the shear zone.It may also be part of a continental scale extension in the background of the North China Block’s cratonic destruction,dominated by the subduction and roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific plate,but more detailed work is needed in order to unravel its complicated development.
基金supported by the China Geological Survey(Grant No.DD20221649)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42230308,42072266)+3 种基金Bureau of Geological Exploration and Development of Qinghai Province(Grant No.[2022]32)the Xingdian Scholar Fund of Yunnan Province(Grant No.C6213001155)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2021M691702)High-level Talents Project of Qinghai Province.
文摘Identification and anatomy of oceanic arcs within ancient orogenic belt are significant for better understanding the tectonic framework and closure process of paleo-ocean basin.This article summarizes the geological,geochemical,and geochronological characteristics of upper crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan intra-oceanic arc and provides new data to constrain the subduction evolution of the South Qilian Ocean.The intra-oceanic arc volcanic rocks,including intermediate-mafic lava,breccia,tuff,and minor felsic rocks,are distributed along southern part of the Lajishan ophiolite belt.Geochemical and isotopic compositions indicate that the intermediate-mafic lava were originated from depleted mantle contaminated by sediment melts or hydrous fluids,whereas the felsic rocks were likely generated by partial melting of juvenile mafic crust in intra-oceanic arc setting.Zircons from felsic rocks yield consistent and concordant ages ranging from 506 to 523 Ma,suggesting these volcanic rocks represent the relicts of upper crust of the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc.Combined with the Cambrian forearc ophiolite and accretionary complex,we suggest that the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc in the Lajishan ophiolite belt is belonging to the intra-oceanic arc system which was generated by south-directed subduction in the South Qilian Ocean at a relatively short interval between approximately 530 and 480 Ma.
文摘中亚成矿域夹持于西伯利亚、东欧和塔里木-华北克拉通之间,展布范围与全球显生宙大陆地壳生长最典型的增生型造山带——中亚造山带相当,并产出一系列大型—超大型斑岩铜(-金)、斑岩钼及斑岩铜(-钼)矿床。斑岩成矿作用自西向东存在明显差异,可高度概括为具‘西铜东钼、早铜晚钼’特征。基于前寒武纪基底性质、成矿大地构造背景以及斑岩成矿特征方面的系统综合研究,以重要构造线为界,将成矿域进一步划分为三个成矿省:哈萨克斯坦斑岩Cu(-Au-Mo)、蒙古斑岩Cu(-Au)和中国东北斑岩Mo(-Cu)成矿省。哈萨克斯坦成矿省具新太古—古元古代结晶基底;四个大型斑岩Cu矿床形成于早古生代增生造山过程(481~440Ma),而绝大多数矿床为晚石炭世(330~295Ma)集中爆发成矿的产物。古亚洲洋西段,沿我国中天山—伊犁南缘—吉尔吉斯北天山—中哈萨克斯坦—科克切塔夫至成吉思线性展布的古生代岩浆弧与哈萨克斯坦山弯构造共同制约了斑岩成矿作用;增生造山向山弯构造的转换阶段为斑岩集中成矿期。蒙古斑岩成矿省亦具新太古代—早古元古代结晶基底;斑岩成矿作用主要发生在泥盆纪(~370Ma)和三叠纪(~240Ma)两个时期,为图瓦-蒙古山弯构造演化过程中两个局部时段的突发成矿;早期成矿事件与古亚洲洋体系向南戈壁微地块下的俯冲增生造山有关,晚期成矿可能是蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋俯冲作用的结果。中国东北斑岩成矿省广泛发育新元古代结晶基底和泛非事件岩石学记录;奥陶纪(482~440Ma)斑岩成矿受控于古亚洲洋早古生代时期俯冲增生作用;而中生代斑岩钼集中爆发成矿则分别受控于古亚洲洋体系后碰撞(~250Ma)、蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋体系同俯冲(248~204Ma)、古太平洋体系同俯冲(195~145Ma)及中国东部岩石圈减薄事件(145~106Ma)不同地球动力学体制。成矿流体方面总体而论,中亚斑岩型矿床热液蚀变遵循经典Lowell and Guibert模式,高氧化性岩浆流体有效出溶造就了大型-超大型斑岩矿床。中亚成矿域斑岩铜矿的成矿斑岩岩石类型与环太平洋域成矿斑岩类似,以钙碱性和高钾钙碱性成分为主,最常见的是石英二长闪长岩、二长花岗岩、花岗闪长岩和花岗岩。成钼矿斑岩比成铜(-金-钼)斑岩更偏酸性,具更高SiO2含量。部分斑岩具埃达克质岩微量元素地球化学特征,另一部分斑岩却有类似正常弧火山岩的特征。虽然现有弧环境斑岩岩浆产生的‘MASH’和‘板片熔融’模型以及‘后碰撞拆沉与新生基性下地壳熔融’模型能够解释中亚成矿域部分斑岩铜矿床成矿的深部机制,但本文新提出‘残余洋中脊俯冲+预富集基性下地壳熔融’模型解释哈萨克斯坦成矿省巴尔喀什—西准噶尔成矿带斑岩铜大规模成矿的深部机制。中亚域斑岩钼成矿与古老地壳或古老岩石圈地幔的熔融无关,而与新生地壳熔融产生长英质岩浆的深部事件存在直接成因联系。西段哈萨克斯坦省新生地壳由古生代古亚洲洋演化过程中弧增生事件形成,而东段中国东北成矿省新生地壳则是新元古代与Rodinia超大陆相关聚合和裂解事件造就的。"新生下地壳部分熔融成钼"模型突破了钼成矿与古老地壳熔融有关的传统认识,能很好地解释全球最大的中国东北钼成矿省的成矿深部动力学机制。
