AIM: To detect the effect of acid fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) on apoptosis and gene expression of bax and bcl-2 gene in rat intestine after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and to explore the protective mechanis...AIM: To detect the effect of acid fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) on apoptosis and gene expression of bax and bcl-2 gene in rat intestine after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and to explore the protective mechanisms of aFGF.METHODS: One hundred and eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated control group (C)(n = 6), intestinal ischemia group (I) (n = 6), aFGF treatment group (A) (n = 48) and intestinal ischemia reperfusion group (R) (n = 48). In group I, the animals were killed after 45 min of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion, while in groups R and A, the rats sustained 45 min of SMA occlusion and were then treated with normal saline and aFGF, respectively, sustained 15 min, 30 min, 1, 2, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h of reperfusion, respectively. In group C, SMA was separated, but without occlusion. Apoptosis in intestinal villus was determined with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nickend labeling technique (TUNEL). Intestinal tissue samples were taken not only for detection of bax and bcl-2 gene expression by RT-PCR, but also for detection of bax and bcl 2 protein expression and distribution by immunohistochemical analysis.RESULTS: The rat survival rates in aFGF treated group were higher than group R (P＜0.05) and the improvement of intestinal histological structures was observed at 2, 6, and 12 h after the reperfusion in group A compared with group R. The apoptotic rates were (41.17±3.49)%, (42.83±5.23)% and (53.33±6.92)% at 2, 6 and 12 h after reperfusion, respectively in group A, apparently less than those of group R at matched time points (50.67±6.95, 54.17±7.86, 64.33±6.47, respectively) (P＜0.05). The bax gene transcription and translation were significantly decreased in group A vs group R, while mRNA and protein contents of Bcl-2 in group A were obviously higher than those in groupR during 2-12 h period after reperfusion.CONCLUSION: The changes in histological structure and the increment of apoptotic rate indicated that the intestinal barrier was damaged after intestinal I/R injury, whilst intravenous aFGF could alleviate apoptosis induced by ischemia and reperfusion in rat intestinal tissues, in which genes of bax and bcl-2 might play important roles.展开更多
AIM: To prepare poly (D,L-lactide)-polyethylene glycol copolymer (PELA) microspheres loaded H.pylorilysates or CyStografin and observe their targeting in gastrointestinal mucous membrane or analyze the mucosal immune ...AIM: To prepare poly (D,L-lactide)-polyethylene glycol copolymer (PELA) microspheres loaded H.pylorilysates or CyStografin and observe their targeting in gastrointestinal mucous membrane or analyze the mucosal immune responses by oral administration. METHODS: PELA microspheres loaded H. Pylorilysates or Cystografin were preparedby double emulsion evaporation method. Their distribution in gastrointestinal mucous membrane was observed by CT. Balb/c mice orally immunized in mucosal immune responses, whose antibody production in salivary and gut washing and antibody secreting cells in Peyer's patches (PP) were estimated by ELISA and ELISPOT, respectively. The microspheres' physical properties, such as particle size, protein level and morphology were investigated.RESULTS: All prepared microspheres were found to have a smooth surface morphology from 3.20-4.05 μm in diameter and high encapsulation efficiency from 74.9-82.2 %. No significant correlation in their physical properties was shown, depending on their molecular weight at the similar composition ratio. Immunization with all types of PELA-Hp microspheres elevated the saliva sIgA level at week 3 by approximately 3-4 times that with soluble antigen, which was greatly enhanced after boosting. At one week after last immunization with all types of PELA-Hp microspheres (week 8), the specific sIgA-ASCs, IgG-ASCs and stgA in salivary rose obviously. In intestinal Peyer's patches, the specific sIgA-ASCs were 5.92-6.98× 104/ml cell and IgG-ASCs were 3.47-4.02 × 104/ml cell, about 5-9 times higher than those with soluble antigen (P＜0.01). ASCs in intestine were more than those in stomach and the majority of the ASCs were sIgA-ASCs. The sIgA in gut washing fluid was 1.62-1.85 OD, about 3-6 times tthat of those with soluble antigen. There were significant differences of the ASCs and sIgA in gut washing fluid as compared with those of PBS and MS-0 (P＜0.05). There appeared to be good correlation between sIgA level in gut washing fluid and sIgA-ASCs in intestinal Peyer's patches.CONCLUSION: PELA microspheres may be used as vehicle to delivery antigen and adjuvant in designing oral vaccination.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in rat small intestine after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)insult and the relationship between activation of p38 MAPK and apoptotic cell death of intest...AIM: To investigate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in rat small intestine after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)insult and the relationship between activation of p38 MAPK and apoptotic cell death of intestine.METHODS: Ninety Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups, namely sham-operated group (C), I/R vehicle group (R) and SB203580 pre-treated group(S).In groups R and S, the superior mesenteric artery(SMA)was separated and occluded for 45 min, then released for reperfusion for0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h. In group C, SMA was separated without occlusion. Plasma D-lactate levels were examined and histological changes were observed under a light microscope. The activity of p38 MAPK was determined by Western immunoblotting and apoptotic cells were detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUDP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL).RESULTS: Intestinal ischemia followed by reperfusion activated p38 MAPK, and the maximal level of activation (7.3-fold vs sham-operated group) was reached 30 min after I/R. Treatment with SB 203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor,reduced intestinal apoptosis (26.72±3.39% vs62.50±3.08%in I/R vehicle, P＜0.01) and decreased plasma D-lactate level (0.78±0.15 mmol/L in I/R vehicle vs0.42±0.17 mmol/L in SB-treated group) and improved post-ischemic intestinal histological damage.CONCLUSION: p38 MAPK plays a crucial role in the signal transduction pathway mediating post-ischemic intestinal apoptosis, and inhibition of p38 MAPK may attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the expression of several important molecules involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I presentation pathway in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether cyt...AIM: To investigate the expression of several important molecules involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I presentation pathway in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) vaccine therapy was suitable for HCC. METHODS: Labeled streptavidin biotin(LSAB) method of immunohisto-chemistry was used to study 33 HCC tissue specimens. RESULTS: Most HCC tissues and adjacent histological normal hepatocytes expressed HLA-I antigens,TAP,and B7, expression of B7 was especially strong,and there was no significant difference between them (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The MHC class I presentation pathway in primary hepatocellular carcinoma may not be abnormal or dysfunctional,and CTL could kill these tumor cells. Thus, it is suitable and practicable to design and construct CTL vaccine against HCC.展开更多
Objective To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of human CatSper gene, themouse homologous gene product, which plays a crucial role in mouse male sterility.Methods We demonstrated a systematic screening o...Objective To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of human CatSper gene, themouse homologous gene product, which plays a crucial role in mouse male sterility.Methods We demonstrated a systematic screening of SNPs in coding regions and flankingintronic regions of human CatSper gene in a sample subset from a total 210 male individuals byDNA sequencing. Then we used PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analy-sis to determine the allele frequencies of the possible SNPs among the whole 210 Chinese Hanmale individuals.Results Three SNPs, including two novels, were identified and their allele frequencies weredetermined in the 210 Chinese Han male individuals. These SNPs were assembled into largeSNP database that promises to enable the dissection of the genetic basis of disease.展开更多
Aim: To identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of human CatSper gene, the mouse homologous gene product. Methods: A systematic screening of SNPs in coding regions and flanking intronic regions of human Ca...Aim: To identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of human CatSper gene, the mouse homologous gene product. Methods: A systematic screening of SNPs in coding regions and flanking intronic regions of human CatSper gene in a sample subset from 210 Chinese Han males by DNA sequencing was demonstrated. PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was used to determine the allele frequencies of the possible SNPs. Results: Three SNPs, including two novels, were identified and their allele frequencies determined in 210 males. These SNPs were assembled into large SNP database that permits the analysis of the genetic basis of different diseases.展开更多
A one-dimensional chain aluminophosphate C1.5H7.5N1.5Al0.5PO4 containing diprotonated racemic 1, 2-diaminopropane cations was synthesized from an alcoholic system. The compound consists of infinite inorganic [AlP2O8]...A one-dimensional chain aluminophosphate C1.5H7.5N1.5Al0.5PO4 containing diprotonated racemic 1, 2-diaminopropane cations was synthesized from an alcoholic system. The compound consists of infinite inorganic [AlP2O8] chains of alternately connected AlO4 and PO2(=O)2 tetrahedral units and the racemic template molecules. The macroanionic chains contain corner-shared double four-membered rings.展开更多
Dissectol A, a novel monoterpene glycoside was isolated from the methanol part of the 95% EtOH extract of Incarvillea dissecfoliola and its structure was determined by 1D and 2D NMR data.
In the present work, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were proposed to model nonlinear dynamic behaviors of local voidage fluctuations induced by highly turbulent interactions between the gas and solid phases in circ...In the present work, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were proposed to model nonlinear dynamic behaviors of local voidage fluctuations induced by highly turbulent interactions between the gas and solid phases in circulating fluidized beds. The fluctuations of local voidage were measured by using an optical transmittance probe at various axial and radial positions in a circulating fluidized bed with a riser of 0.10 m in inner diameter and 10 m in height. The ANNs trained with experimental time series were applied to make short-term and long-term predictions of dynamic characteristics in the circulating fluidized bed. An early stop approach was adopted to enhance the long-term prediction capability of ANNs. The performance of the trained ANN was evaluated in terms of time-averaged characteristics, power spectra, cycle number and short-term predictability analysis of time series measured and predicted by the model.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Science and Development Programme, No. G1999054204the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30170966, 30230370
文摘AIM: To detect the effect of acid fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) on apoptosis and gene expression of bax and bcl-2 gene in rat intestine after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and to explore the protective mechanisms of aFGF.METHODS: One hundred and eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated control group (C)(n = 6), intestinal ischemia group (I) (n = 6), aFGF treatment group (A) (n = 48) and intestinal ischemia reperfusion group (R) (n = 48). In group I, the animals were killed after 45 min of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) occlusion, while in groups R and A, the rats sustained 45 min of SMA occlusion and were then treated with normal saline and aFGF, respectively, sustained 15 min, 30 min, 1, 2, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h of reperfusion, respectively. In group C, SMA was separated, but without occlusion. Apoptosis in intestinal villus was determined with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nickend labeling technique (TUNEL). Intestinal tissue samples were taken not only for detection of bax and bcl-2 gene expression by RT-PCR, but also for detection of bax and bcl 2 protein expression and distribution by immunohistochemical analysis.RESULTS: The rat survival rates in aFGF treated group were higher than group R (P＜0.05) and the improvement of intestinal histological structures was observed at 2, 6, and 12 h after the reperfusion in group A compared with group R. The apoptotic rates were (41.17±3.49)%, (42.83±5.23)% and (53.33±6.92)% at 2, 6 and 12 h after reperfusion, respectively in group A, apparently less than those of group R at matched time points (50.67±6.95, 54.17±7.86, 64.33±6.47, respectively) (P＜0.05). The bax gene transcription and translation were significantly decreased in group A vs group R, while mRNA and protein contents of Bcl-2 in group A were obviously higher than those in groupR during 2-12 h period after reperfusion.CONCLUSION: The changes in histological structure and the increment of apoptotic rate indicated that the intestinal barrier was damaged after intestinal I/R injury, whilst intravenous aFGF could alleviate apoptosis induced by ischemia and reperfusion in rat intestinal tissues, in which genes of bax and bcl-2 might play important roles.
文摘AIM: To prepare poly (D,L-lactide)-polyethylene glycol copolymer (PELA) microspheres loaded H.pylorilysates or CyStografin and observe their targeting in gastrointestinal mucous membrane or analyze the mucosal immune responses by oral administration. METHODS: PELA microspheres loaded H. Pylorilysates or Cystografin were preparedby double emulsion evaporation method. Their distribution in gastrointestinal mucous membrane was observed by CT. Balb/c mice orally immunized in mucosal immune responses, whose antibody production in salivary and gut washing and antibody secreting cells in Peyer's patches (PP) were estimated by ELISA and ELISPOT, respectively. The microspheres' physical properties, such as particle size, protein level and morphology were investigated.RESULTS: All prepared microspheres were found to have a smooth surface morphology from 3.20-4.05 μm in diameter and high encapsulation efficiency from 74.9-82.2 %. No significant correlation in their physical properties was shown, depending on their molecular weight at the similar composition ratio. Immunization with all types of PELA-Hp microspheres elevated the saliva sIgA level at week 3 by approximately 3-4 times that with soluble antigen, which was greatly enhanced after boosting. At one week after last immunization with all types of PELA-Hp microspheres (week 8), the specific sIgA-ASCs, IgG-ASCs and stgA in salivary rose obviously. In intestinal Peyer's patches, the specific sIgA-ASCs were 5.92-6.98× 104/ml cell and IgG-ASCs were 3.47-4.02 × 104/ml cell, about 5-9 times higher than those with soluble antigen (P＜0.01). ASCs in intestine were more than those in stomach and the majority of the ASCs were sIgA-ASCs. The sIgA in gut washing fluid was 1.62-1.85 OD, about 3-6 times tthat of those with soluble antigen. There were significant differences of the ASCs and sIgA in gut washing fluid as compared with those of PBS and MS-0 (P＜0.05). There appeared to be good correlation between sIgA level in gut washing fluid and sIgA-ASCs in intestinal Peyer's patches.CONCLUSION: PELA microspheres may be used as vehicle to delivery antigen and adjuvant in designing oral vaccination.
基金Supported by the National Basic Science and Development Programme (973 Programme),No.G1999054204 National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30170966, 30230370 National High-Technology Programme (863 Programme), No. 2001AA215131
文摘AIM: To investigate the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in rat small intestine after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)insult and the relationship between activation of p38 MAPK and apoptotic cell death of intestine.METHODS: Ninety Wistar rats were divided randomly into three groups, namely sham-operated group (C), I/R vehicle group (R) and SB203580 pre-treated group(S).In groups R and S, the superior mesenteric artery(SMA)was separated and occluded for 45 min, then released for reperfusion for0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h. In group C, SMA was separated without occlusion. Plasma D-lactate levels were examined and histological changes were observed under a light microscope. The activity of p38 MAPK was determined by Western immunoblotting and apoptotic cells were detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUDP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL).RESULTS: Intestinal ischemia followed by reperfusion activated p38 MAPK, and the maximal level of activation (7.3-fold vs sham-operated group) was reached 30 min after I/R. Treatment with SB 203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor,reduced intestinal apoptosis (26.72±3.39% vs62.50±3.08%in I/R vehicle, P＜0.01) and decreased plasma D-lactate level (0.78±0.15 mmol/L in I/R vehicle vs0.42±0.17 mmol/L in SB-treated group) and improved post-ischemic intestinal histological damage.CONCLUSION: p38 MAPK plays a crucial role in the signal transduction pathway mediating post-ischemic intestinal apoptosis, and inhibition of p38 MAPK may attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30070855
文摘AIM: To investigate the expression of several important molecules involved in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I presentation pathway in primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine whether cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) vaccine therapy was suitable for HCC. METHODS: Labeled streptavidin biotin(LSAB) method of immunohisto-chemistry was used to study 33 HCC tissue specimens. RESULTS: Most HCC tissues and adjacent histological normal hepatocytes expressed HLA-I antigens,TAP,and B7, expression of B7 was especially strong,and there was no significant difference between them (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The MHC class I presentation pathway in primary hepatocellular carcinoma may not be abnormal or dysfunctional,and CTL could kill these tumor cells. Thus, it is suitable and practicable to design and construct CTL vaccine against HCC.
文摘Objective To identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of human CatSper gene, themouse homologous gene product, which plays a crucial role in mouse male sterility.Methods We demonstrated a systematic screening of SNPs in coding regions and flankingintronic regions of human CatSper gene in a sample subset from a total 210 male individuals byDNA sequencing. Then we used PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analy-sis to determine the allele frequencies of the possible SNPs among the whole 210 Chinese Hanmale individuals.Results Three SNPs, including two novels, were identified and their allele frequencies weredetermined in the 210 Chinese Han male individuals. These SNPs were assembled into largeSNP database that promises to enable the dissection of the genetic basis of disease.
文摘Aim: To identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of human CatSper gene, the mouse homologous gene product. Methods: A systematic screening of SNPs in coding regions and flanking intronic regions of human CatSper gene in a sample subset from 210 Chinese Han males by DNA sequencing was demonstrated. PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis was used to determine the allele frequencies of the possible SNPs. Results: Three SNPs, including two novels, were identified and their allele frequencies determined in 210 males. These SNPs were assembled into large SNP database that permits the analysis of the genetic basis of different diseases.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘A one-dimensional chain aluminophosphate C1.5H7.5N1.5Al0.5PO4 containing diprotonated racemic 1, 2-diaminopropane cations was synthesized from an alcoholic system. The compound consists of infinite inorganic [AlP2O8] chains of alternately connected AlO4 and PO2(=O)2 tetrahedral units and the racemic template molecules. The macroanionic chains contain corner-shared double four-membered rings.
文摘Dissectol A, a novel monoterpene glycoside was isolated from the methanol part of the 95% EtOH extract of Incarvillea dissecfoliola and its structure was determined by 1D and 2D NMR data.
文摘In the present work, artificial neural networks (ANNs) were proposed to model nonlinear dynamic behaviors of local voidage fluctuations induced by highly turbulent interactions between the gas and solid phases in circulating fluidized beds. The fluctuations of local voidage were measured by using an optical transmittance probe at various axial and radial positions in a circulating fluidized bed with a riser of 0.10 m in inner diameter and 10 m in height. The ANNs trained with experimental time series were applied to make short-term and long-term predictions of dynamic characteristics in the circulating fluidized bed. An early stop approach was adopted to enhance the long-term prediction capability of ANNs. The performance of the trained ANN was evaluated in terms of time-averaged characteristics, power spectra, cycle number and short-term predictability analysis of time series measured and predicted by the model.
