通过光镜和透射电镜分别观察外源脱落酸(ABA)处理下楸子( Malus prunifolia )、平邑甜茶( M.hupehensis )和新疆野苹果( M.sieversii )叶片解剖结构及叶绿体超微结构的变化,利用扫描电镜和酶联免疫法分别研究ABA处理对叶片气孔特征及其...通过光镜和透射电镜分别观察外源脱落酸(ABA)处理下楸子( Malus prunifolia )、平邑甜茶( M.hupehensis )和新疆野苹果( M.sieversii )叶片解剖结构及叶绿体超微结构的变化,利用扫描电镜和酶联免疫法分别研究ABA处理对叶片气孔特征及其内源激素含量的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,ABA处理下楸子、平邑甜茶和新疆野苹果的叶厚分别减少了7.93%、0.25%和0.81%,栅栏组织厚度分别减少了31.43%、8.53%和4.99%( P <0.05),海绵组织厚度分别增加了10.34%、6.14%和5.63%( P <0.05),叶肉组织结构疏松度(SR)分别增加了19.59%、6.55%和 6.50%。ABA处理下楸子和平邑甜茶的栅栏组织/海绵组织厚度比值(P/S)及叶肉组织结构紧密度(CTR)较对照显著减少( P <0.05),其中,P/S值分别下降37.86%和13.82%,CTR分别下降25.46%和8.29%,而新疆野苹果的P/S值和CTR下降但不显著。此外,ABA处理下楸子和平邑甜茶的上表皮细胞厚度较对照分别增加了5.82%和6.43%,新疆野苹果的较对照减少了26.23%( P <0.05);楸子和新疆野苹果的下表皮细胞厚度较对照增加了12.09%和14.21%( P <0.05),平邑甜茶的较对照减少了12.56%。平邑甜茶和新疆野苹果叶片上下角质层厚度较对照显著增加( P < 0.05 ),而楸子的变化不显著。在ABA诱导下,3种砧木的气孔密度、气孔大小(长度×宽度)及其开口度和开张比均不同程度地下降,其中,楸子的较对照分别下降了3.62%、7.12%×19.59%、67.60%和86.66%,平邑甜茶的分别下降了3.50%、4.99%×20.65%、32.42%和58.24%,新疆野苹果的分别下降了8.54%、0.92%×12.06%、20.37%和16.35%。ABA处理下3种砧木叶片细胞中叶绿体的数量变少,类囊体结构排列疏松,叶绿体上的淀粉粒趋于变小。外施ABA使3种砧木叶片内源ABA和玉米素核苷(ZR)的含量极显著增加( P <0.01),其中楸子ABA和ZR含量比对照分别增加30.83%和13.31%,平邑甜茶的分别增加62.40%和45.28%,而新疆野苹果的分别增加了37.07%和17.06%。楸子和新疆野苹果叶片的吲哚乙酸(IAA)和赤霉素(GA)含量无显著变化,而平邑甜茶叶片的IAA及GA含量比对照分别增加了62.62%和20.62%( P <0.01)。总之,在ABA处理下,3种苹果砧木的叶片组织解剖结构和气孔特征都发生旱生性结构变化,叶肉细胞中淀粉粒趋于变小,叶片内源ABA和ZR水平增加显著,而IAA和GA水平变化因基因型不同而存在差异。展开更多
Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels is a valuable herbal plant.In production,its premature bolting,caused by vernalization,seriously affects its root yield.In this stuty,thermal treatments of 5,0 and?5°C,as well as tre...Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels is a valuable herbal plant.In production,its premature bolting,caused by vernalization,seriously affects its root yield.In this stuty,thermal treatments of 5,0 and?5°C,as well as treatments with shifts between these temperatures,were performed in its overwintering storage to investigate the chilling effect on the early bolting of Angelica sinensis and analyze the vernalization response to different temperatures.The results indicated that the 0°C treatment rendered the highest bolting rate,and the-5°C resulted in the lowest bolting rate.The initial short-term treatment at-5°C could promote the early bolting of A.sinensis,and the treatment at 5°C prior to planting could hasten its seedling bud growth.At the appropriate temperature,the early bolting rate of Angelica was positively related to the number of treatment days.So the frozen storage at-5°C could inhibit the vernalization of Angelica seedlings and the early bolting.The vernalization of Angelica could be a continuous process related to the number of treatment days.This study would serve as reference for the overwintering storage and cultivation of Angelica.展开更多
文摘通过光镜和透射电镜分别观察外源脱落酸(ABA)处理下楸子( Malus prunifolia )、平邑甜茶( M.hupehensis )和新疆野苹果( M.sieversii )叶片解剖结构及叶绿体超微结构的变化,利用扫描电镜和酶联免疫法分别研究ABA处理对叶片气孔特征及其内源激素含量的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,ABA处理下楸子、平邑甜茶和新疆野苹果的叶厚分别减少了7.93%、0.25%和0.81%,栅栏组织厚度分别减少了31.43%、8.53%和4.99%( P <0.05),海绵组织厚度分别增加了10.34%、6.14%和5.63%( P <0.05),叶肉组织结构疏松度(SR)分别增加了19.59%、6.55%和 6.50%。ABA处理下楸子和平邑甜茶的栅栏组织/海绵组织厚度比值(P/S)及叶肉组织结构紧密度(CTR)较对照显著减少( P <0.05),其中,P/S值分别下降37.86%和13.82%,CTR分别下降25.46%和8.29%,而新疆野苹果的P/S值和CTR下降但不显著。此外,ABA处理下楸子和平邑甜茶的上表皮细胞厚度较对照分别增加了5.82%和6.43%,新疆野苹果的较对照减少了26.23%( P <0.05);楸子和新疆野苹果的下表皮细胞厚度较对照增加了12.09%和14.21%( P <0.05),平邑甜茶的较对照减少了12.56%。平邑甜茶和新疆野苹果叶片上下角质层厚度较对照显著增加( P < 0.05 ),而楸子的变化不显著。在ABA诱导下,3种砧木的气孔密度、气孔大小(长度×宽度)及其开口度和开张比均不同程度地下降,其中,楸子的较对照分别下降了3.62%、7.12%×19.59%、67.60%和86.66%,平邑甜茶的分别下降了3.50%、4.99%×20.65%、32.42%和58.24%,新疆野苹果的分别下降了8.54%、0.92%×12.06%、20.37%和16.35%。ABA处理下3种砧木叶片细胞中叶绿体的数量变少,类囊体结构排列疏松,叶绿体上的淀粉粒趋于变小。外施ABA使3种砧木叶片内源ABA和玉米素核苷(ZR)的含量极显著增加( P <0.01),其中楸子ABA和ZR含量比对照分别增加30.83%和13.31%,平邑甜茶的分别增加62.40%和45.28%,而新疆野苹果的分别增加了37.07%和17.06%。楸子和新疆野苹果叶片的吲哚乙酸(IAA)和赤霉素(GA)含量无显著变化,而平邑甜茶叶片的IAA及GA含量比对照分别增加了62.62%和20.62%( P <0.01)。总之,在ABA处理下,3种苹果砧木的叶片组织解剖结构和气孔特征都发生旱生性结构变化,叶肉细胞中淀粉粒趋于变小,叶片内源ABA和ZR水平增加显著,而IAA和GA水平变化因基因型不同而存在差异。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31260298,31660565)Science and Technology Planning Project of Gansu Province(18JR3RE243,1308RJZE288)~~
文摘Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels is a valuable herbal plant.In production,its premature bolting,caused by vernalization,seriously affects its root yield.In this stuty,thermal treatments of 5,0 and?5°C,as well as treatments with shifts between these temperatures,were performed in its overwintering storage to investigate the chilling effect on the early bolting of Angelica sinensis and analyze the vernalization response to different temperatures.The results indicated that the 0°C treatment rendered the highest bolting rate,and the-5°C resulted in the lowest bolting rate.The initial short-term treatment at-5°C could promote the early bolting of A.sinensis,and the treatment at 5°C prior to planting could hasten its seedling bud growth.At the appropriate temperature,the early bolting rate of Angelica was positively related to the number of treatment days.So the frozen storage at-5°C could inhibit the vernalization of Angelica seedlings and the early bolting.The vernalization of Angelica could be a continuous process related to the number of treatment days.This study would serve as reference for the overwintering storage and cultivation of Angelica.
