Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) is a Chinese national strategy which calls for cooperative economic, political and cultural exchange at the global level along the ancient Silk Road. The overwhelming natural hazards loca...Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) is a Chinese national strategy which calls for cooperative economic, political and cultural exchange at the global level along the ancient Silk Road. The overwhelming natural hazards located along the belt and road bring great challenges to the success of BRI. In this framework, a 5-year international program was launched to address issues related to hazards assessment and disaster risk reduction(DRR). The first workshop of this program was held in Beijing with international experts from over 15 countries. Risk conditions on Belt and Road Countries(BRCs) have been shared and science and technology advancements on DRR have been disseminated during the workshop. Under this program, six task forces have been setup to carry out collaborative research works and three prioritized study areas have been established. This workshop announced the launching of this program which involved partners from different countries including Pakistan, Nepal, Russia, Italy, United Kingdom, Sri Lanka and Tajikistan. The program adopted the objectives of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 and United Nation Sustainable Development Goals 2030 and was implemented to assess disaster risk in BRCs and to propose suitable measures for disaster control which can be appropriate both for an individual country and for specific sites. This paper deals with the outcomes of the workshop and points out opportunities for the near future international cooperation on this matter.展开更多
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR) is the first global policy framework of the United Nations’ post-2015 agenda. It represents a step in the direction of global policy coherence with e...The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR) is the first global policy framework of the United Nations’ post-2015 agenda. It represents a step in the direction of global policy coherence with explicit reference to health, development, and climate change. To develop SFDRR, the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction(UNISDR) organized and facilitated several global, regional, national, and intergovernmental negotiations and technical meetings in the period preceding the World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction(WCDRR) 2015 where SFDRR was adopted. UNISDR also worked with representatives of governments, UN agencies, and scientists to develop targets and indicators for SFDRR and proposed them to member states for negotiation and adoption as measures of progress and achievement in protecting lives and livelihoods. The multiple efforts of the health community in the policy development process, including campaigning for safe schools and hospitals, helped to put people’s mental and physicalhealth, resilience, and well-being higher up the disaster risk reduction(DRR) agenda compared with the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015. This article reviews the historical and contemporary policy development process that led to the SFDRR with particular reference to the development of the health theme.展开更多
The first international conference for the post-2015 United Nations landmark agreements(Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, Sustainable Development Goals, and Paris Agreement on Climate Change) wa...The first international conference for the post-2015 United Nations landmark agreements(Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, Sustainable Development Goals, and Paris Agreement on Climate Change) was held in January 2016 to discuss the role of science and technology in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 aimed to discuss and endorse plans that maximize science's contribution to reducing disaster risks and losses in the coming 15 years and bring together the diversity of stakeholders producing and using disaster risk reduction(DRR) science and technology. This article describes the evolution of the role of science and technology in the policy process building up to the Sendai Framework adoption that resulted in an unprecedented emphasis on science in the text agreed on by 187 United Nations member states in March 2015 and endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly in June 2015. Contributions assembled by the Conference Organizing Committee and teams including the conference concept notes and the conference discussions that involved a broad range of scientists and decision makers are summarized in this article. The conference emphasized how partnerships and networks can advance multidisciplinary research and bring together science, policy, and practice; how disaster risk is understood, and how risks are assessed and early warning systems are designed; what data, standards, and innovative practices would be needed to measure and report on risk reduction; what research and capacity gaps exist and how difficulties in creating and using science for effective DRR can be overcome. The Science and Technology Conference achieved two main outcomes:(1) initiating the UNISDR Science and Technology Partnership for the implementation of the Sendai Framework; and(2) generating discussion and agreement regarding the content and endorsement process of the UNISDR Science and Technology Road Map to 2030.展开更多
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes the strong connection between health and disasters and promotes the concept of health resilience throughout.Several of the seven global targets st...The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes the strong connection between health and disasters and promotes the concept of health resilience throughout.Several of the seven global targets stated in the Sendai Framework are directly related to health in terms of reducing disaster mortality,the number of affected people,disaster damage to critical infrastructure,and disruption of basic services such as health facilities.The Sendai Framework also maintains close coordination with other United Nations landmark agreements relevant to health such as the Sustainable Development Goals.However,the measurement of healthrelated indicators is challenging.Issues arise,for example,in linking deaths to disasters because of the complex interplay between exposure,risk,vulnerability,and hazards.The lack of a universal classification of disasters also means that recording of health data in disasters is not standardized.Developing the guidelines to enable data onthe indicators to be collected and reported to support the Sendai targets requires detailed thinking,time,and consultation with a diverse range of stakeholders.Strong collaboration and partnership will be vital to achieving success.展开更多
Open data strategies are being adopted in disaster-related data particularly because of the need to provide information on global targets and indicators for implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Red...Open data strategies are being adopted in disaster-related data particularly because of the need to provide information on global targets and indicators for implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.In all phases of disaster risk management including forecasting,emergency response and post-disaster reconstruction,the need for interconnected multidisciplinary open data for collaborative reporting as well as study and analysis are apparent,in order to determine disaster impact data in timely and reportable manner.The extraordinary progress in computing and information technology in the past decade,such as broad local and wide-area network connectivity(e.g.Internet),highperformance computing,service and cloud computing,big data methods and mobile devices,provides the technical foundation for connecting open data to support disaster risk research.A new generation of disaster data infrastructure based on interconnected open data is evolving rapidly.There are two levels in the conceptual model of Linked Open Data for Global Disaster Risk Research(LODGD)Working Group of the Committee on Data for Science and Technology(CODATA),which is the Committee on Data of the International Council for Science(ICSU):data characterization and data connection.In data characterization,the knowledge about disaster taxonomy and data dependency on disaster events requires specific scientific study as it aims to understand and present the correlation between specific disaster events and scientific data through the integration of literature analysis and semantic knowledge discovery.Data connection concepts deal with technical methods to connect distributed data resources identified by data characterization of disaster type.In the science community,interconnected open data for disaster risk impact assessment are beginning to influence how disaster data are shared,and this will need to extend data coverage and provide better ways of utilizing data across domains where innovation and integration are now necessarily needed.展开更多
The intersection of health and disaster risk reduction(DRR) has emerged in recent years as a field of critical inquiry.Health is recognized as an outcome and a goal of DRR,and the integration of both fields is essenti...The intersection of health and disaster risk reduction(DRR) has emerged in recent years as a field of critical inquiry.Health is recognized as an outcome and a goal of DRR,and the integration of both fields is essential to ensure the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management(Health-EDRM) has emerged as an umbrella field that encompasses emergency and disaster medicine,DRR,humanitarian response,community health resilience,and health systems resilience.In September 2016,an international group of experts met in Hong Kong to assess the current status and potential of the Health-EDRM research field,a research area that these scholars characterized as underdeveloped and fragmented.Key challenges identified include research overlap,lack ofstrategic research agenda,absence of consensus regarding terminology,and limited coordination between stakeholders.The Sendai Framework provides a useful paradigm within which to shape the research field's strategic development.The WHO Thematic Platform for Health-EDRM Research Group was established to coordinate activities,promote information-sharing,develop partnerships,and provide technical advice to strengthen the Health-EDRM research field.This group will promote the generation of robust and scientific health research to support the meaningful implementation of the Sendai Framework.展开更多
Disasters exact a heavy toll globally.However,the degree to which we can accurately quantify their impact,in particular mortality,remains challenging.It is critical to ensure that disaster data reliably reflects the s...Disasters exact a heavy toll globally.However,the degree to which we can accurately quantify their impact,in particular mortality,remains challenging.It is critical to ensure that disaster data reliably reflects the scale,type,and distribution of disaster impacts given the role of data in:(1)risk assessments;(2)developing disaster risk management programs;(3)determining the resources for response to emergencies;(4)the types of action undertaken in planning for prevention and preparedness;and(5)identifying research gaps.The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 s seven global disaster-impact reduction targets represent the first international attempt to systematically measure the effectiveness of disaster-impact reduction as a means of better informing policy with evidence.Target A of the Sendai Framework aims to‘‘substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030,aiming to lower the average per 100,000 global mortality rate in the decade 2020–2030 compared to the period 2005–2015.’’This article provides an overview of the complexities associated with defining,reporting,and interpreting disaster mortality data used for gauging success in meeting Target A,acknowledging different challenges for different types of hazard events and subsequent disasters.It concludes with suggestions of how to address these challenges to inform the public health utility of monitoring through the Sendai Framework.展开更多
It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the planet,which is seriously affecting the planetary health including human health.Adapting climate change should not only be a slogan,but requires a united,holistic ...It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the planet,which is seriously affecting the planetary health including human health.Adapting climate change should not only be a slogan,but requires a united,holistic action and a paradigm shift from crisis response to an ambitious and integrated approach immediately.Recognizing the urgent needs to tackle the risk connection between climate change and One Health,the four key messages and recommendations that with the intent to guide further research and to promote international cooperation to achieve a more climate-resilient world are provided.展开更多
At the first gathering of its kind on the role of science in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030,over 750 scientists,policymakers,business people,and practitioners met in Geneva fr...At the first gathering of its kind on the role of science in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030,over 750 scientists,policymakers,business people,and practitioners met in Geneva from January 27–29,2016.The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 fea-展开更多
Partnerships have become a comer stone of contemporary research that recognizes working across disciplines and co-production with intended users as essential to enabling sustainable resilience-building.Furthermore,res...Partnerships have become a comer stone of contemporary research that recognizes working across disciplines and co-production with intended users as essential to enabling sustainable resilience-building.Furthermore,research that addresses sustainable development challenges brings an urgent need to reflect on the ways that partnerships are supported,and for the disaster risk management and resilience communities,efforts to support realization of the wider 2030 Agenda for sustainable development bring particular pressures.In November 2019,the UK Disasters Research Group(DRG)brought together a number of key stakeholders focused on disaster risk,resilience,and sustainability research relevant to Official DevelopmeAssistance to consider how fit for purpose existing partnership models are for the pace of change required to deliver the priorities of the wider 2030 Agenda.Participants were invited to discuss how research partnerships across three levels(individual and project-based;national and institutional;and international)could be improved based on elements that facilitate robust partnerships and learning from aspects that hinder them.From the discussions,participanls emphasized the importance of effective communication mechanisms in building partnerships,co-designing projects,and establishing shared objectives.Enhanced approaches to addressing equitable partnerships and funding more substantive timelines will be key to responding to the challenges of the 2030 Agenda.展开更多
This article explores the role of public health systems before, during, and after disasters, particularly within the scope of the United Nations Post-2015 Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. It also examines the ro...This article explores the role of public health systems before, during, and after disasters, particularly within the scope of the United Nations Post-2015 Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. It also examines the role of scientific and technological developments in assisting with improving the resilience of public health professionals and the communities they work in. In addition, it explores how the wide-ranging activities in public health have already contributed to the improved management of disasters and a decrease in associated risks. The article identifies areas of synergy in five key areas of recent policy and practice in public health(the health systems approach, risk assessments, the WHO/UNISDR/HPA Disaster Risk Management fact sheets, chronic disease and disasters, and mental health impacts following disasters) and makes suggestions based on lessons identified from the previous(2005) global disaster risk reduction framework. In particular, we advocate the use of scientific evidence that addresses health and disaster risk simultaneously to increase the effectiveness of policy and practice in disaster risk reduction, health, and public health.展开更多
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes health at the heart of disaster risk management(DRM)at the global policy level.Five years on,it has catalyzed the rapid development of the field o...The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes health at the heart of disaster risk management(DRM)at the global policy level.Five years on,it has catalyzed the rapid development of the field of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management(Health EDRM)by providing a mandate for building partnerships as well as enhancing scientific research.Key milestones achieved include publication of the World Health Organization’s Health EDRM Framework,development of the WHO Thematic Platform for Health EDRM and the WHO Health EDRM Research Network,and further application of health information principles to DRM.Furthermore,health actors at all levels have continued to engage in the Sendai Framework processes and have had a key role in its implementation and proposed monitoring.There have been significant gains made through the partnership of health and DRM,but the relationship has not been without its challenges.Many national,regional,and global initiatives continue to operate with a lack of consistency and of linkages to respond to the Sendai Framework’s call for embedding health resilience in DRM,and conversely,embedding DRM in health resilience.Overcoming this hurdle is important,and doing so will be a key marker of success of the next 10 years of partnership under the Sendai Framework.展开更多
The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 underlines the importance of Science and Technology(S&T) and S&T networks for effective disaster risk reduction(DRR). The knowledge of existing S&...The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 underlines the importance of Science and Technology(S&T) and S&T networks for effective disaster risk reduction(DRR). The knowledge of existing S&T networks and their exact role in DRR,however, is limited. This opinion piece initiates a discussion on the role of S&T networks in the implementation of the Sendai Framework. The article highlights that current practice is oriented towards a narrative that emphasizes the potential of S&T for DRR and stresses a collaborative approach delivered through networks. But a true understanding of whether and how S&T networks can mobilize and enable S&T for DRR is missing. We call for a review of existing S&T networks for DRR and the development of good practice guidelines on S&T networks for DRR. This review should include knowledge on how to overcome common challenges and maximize the benefits, along with a framework for successful evaluation of such networks.This knowledge would provide much needed guidance for existing and emerging networks.展开更多
The Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes held its 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute,Kyoto University,Japan,19–21 March,2017....The Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes held its 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute,Kyoto University,Japan,19–21 March,2017.The Global Alliance seeks to contribute to enhancing disaster risk reduction(DRR) and disaster resilience through the collaboration of research organizations around the world.The summit aim was to expand the platform for bridging science and policy making by evaluating the evidence base needed to meet the expected outcomes and actions of the Sendai Framework for Disaster RiskReduction 2015–2030 and its Science and Technology Roadmap.The summit reflected the international nature of collaborative research and action.A pre-conference questionnaire filled out by Global Alliance members identified323 research projects that are indicative of current research.These were categorized to support seven parallel discussion sessions related to the Sendai Framework priorities for action.Four discussion sessions focused on research that aims to deepen the understanding of disaster risks.Three cross-cutting sessions focused on research that is aimed at the priorities for action on governance,resilience,and recovery.Discussion summaries were presentedin plenary sessions in support of outcomes for widely enhancing the science and policy of DRR.展开更多
基金supported by the International partnership program (Grant No.131551KYSB20160002)National Natural Science Foundation Major International (Regional) Joint Research Project (Grant No.41520104002)Science and Technology Service Network Initiative of Chinese Academy of Science (Grant No.KFJSTS-ZDTP-015)
文摘Belt and Road Initiative(BRI) is a Chinese national strategy which calls for cooperative economic, political and cultural exchange at the global level along the ancient Silk Road. The overwhelming natural hazards located along the belt and road bring great challenges to the success of BRI. In this framework, a 5-year international program was launched to address issues related to hazards assessment and disaster risk reduction(DRR). The first workshop of this program was held in Beijing with international experts from over 15 countries. Risk conditions on Belt and Road Countries(BRCs) have been shared and science and technology advancements on DRR have been disseminated during the workshop. Under this program, six task forces have been setup to carry out collaborative research works and three prioritized study areas have been established. This workshop announced the launching of this program which involved partners from different countries including Pakistan, Nepal, Russia, Italy, United Kingdom, Sri Lanka and Tajikistan. The program adopted the objectives of Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 and United Nation Sustainable Development Goals 2030 and was implemented to assess disaster risk in BRCs and to propose suitable measures for disaster control which can be appropriate both for an individual country and for specific sites. This paper deals with the outcomes of the workshop and points out opportunities for the near future international cooperation on this matter.
文摘The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030(SFDRR) is the first global policy framework of the United Nations’ post-2015 agenda. It represents a step in the direction of global policy coherence with explicit reference to health, development, and climate change. To develop SFDRR, the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction(UNISDR) organized and facilitated several global, regional, national, and intergovernmental negotiations and technical meetings in the period preceding the World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction(WCDRR) 2015 where SFDRR was adopted. UNISDR also worked with representatives of governments, UN agencies, and scientists to develop targets and indicators for SFDRR and proposed them to member states for negotiation and adoption as measures of progress and achievement in protecting lives and livelihoods. The multiple efforts of the health community in the policy development process, including campaigning for safe schools and hospitals, helped to put people’s mental and physicalhealth, resilience, and well-being higher up the disaster risk reduction(DRR) agenda compared with the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005–2015. This article reviews the historical and contemporary policy development process that led to the SFDRR with particular reference to the development of the health theme.
文摘The first international conference for the post-2015 United Nations landmark agreements(Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030, Sustainable Development Goals, and Paris Agreement on Climate Change) was held in January 2016 to discuss the role of science and technology in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030. The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 aimed to discuss and endorse plans that maximize science's contribution to reducing disaster risks and losses in the coming 15 years and bring together the diversity of stakeholders producing and using disaster risk reduction(DRR) science and technology. This article describes the evolution of the role of science and technology in the policy process building up to the Sendai Framework adoption that resulted in an unprecedented emphasis on science in the text agreed on by 187 United Nations member states in March 2015 and endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly in June 2015. Contributions assembled by the Conference Organizing Committee and teams including the conference concept notes and the conference discussions that involved a broad range of scientists and decision makers are summarized in this article. The conference emphasized how partnerships and networks can advance multidisciplinary research and bring together science, policy, and practice; how disaster risk is understood, and how risks are assessed and early warning systems are designed; what data, standards, and innovative practices would be needed to measure and report on risk reduction; what research and capacity gaps exist and how difficulties in creating and using science for effective DRR can be overcome. The Science and Technology Conference achieved two main outcomes:(1) initiating the UNISDR Science and Technology Partnership for the implementation of the Sendai Framework; and(2) generating discussion and agreement regarding the content and endorsement process of the UNISDR Science and Technology Road Map to 2030.
文摘The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes the strong connection between health and disasters and promotes the concept of health resilience throughout.Several of the seven global targets stated in the Sendai Framework are directly related to health in terms of reducing disaster mortality,the number of affected people,disaster damage to critical infrastructure,and disruption of basic services such as health facilities.The Sendai Framework also maintains close coordination with other United Nations landmark agreements relevant to health such as the Sustainable Development Goals.However,the measurement of healthrelated indicators is challenging.Issues arise,for example,in linking deaths to disasters because of the complex interplay between exposure,risk,vulnerability,and hazards.The lack of a universal classification of disasters also means that recording of health data in disasters is not standardized.Developing the guidelines to enable data onthe indicators to be collected and reported to support the Sendai targets requires detailed thinking,time,and consultation with a diverse range of stakeholders.Strong collaboration and partnership will be vital to achieving success.
基金This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number XDA19020201].
文摘Open data strategies are being adopted in disaster-related data particularly because of the need to provide information on global targets and indicators for implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.In all phases of disaster risk management including forecasting,emergency response and post-disaster reconstruction,the need for interconnected multidisciplinary open data for collaborative reporting as well as study and analysis are apparent,in order to determine disaster impact data in timely and reportable manner.The extraordinary progress in computing and information technology in the past decade,such as broad local and wide-area network connectivity(e.g.Internet),highperformance computing,service and cloud computing,big data methods and mobile devices,provides the technical foundation for connecting open data to support disaster risk research.A new generation of disaster data infrastructure based on interconnected open data is evolving rapidly.There are two levels in the conceptual model of Linked Open Data for Global Disaster Risk Research(LODGD)Working Group of the Committee on Data for Science and Technology(CODATA),which is the Committee on Data of the International Council for Science(ICSU):data characterization and data connection.In data characterization,the knowledge about disaster taxonomy and data dependency on disaster events requires specific scientific study as it aims to understand and present the correlation between specific disaster events and scientific data through the integration of literature analysis and semantic knowledge discovery.Data connection concepts deal with technical methods to connect distributed data resources identified by data characterization of disaster type.In the science community,interconnected open data for disaster risk impact assessment are beginning to influence how disaster data are shared,and this will need to extend data coverage and provide better ways of utilizing data across domains where innovation and integration are now necessarily needed.
文摘The intersection of health and disaster risk reduction(DRR) has emerged in recent years as a field of critical inquiry.Health is recognized as an outcome and a goal of DRR,and the integration of both fields is essential to ensure the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030.Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management(Health-EDRM) has emerged as an umbrella field that encompasses emergency and disaster medicine,DRR,humanitarian response,community health resilience,and health systems resilience.In September 2016,an international group of experts met in Hong Kong to assess the current status and potential of the Health-EDRM research field,a research area that these scholars characterized as underdeveloped and fragmented.Key challenges identified include research overlap,lack ofstrategic research agenda,absence of consensus regarding terminology,and limited coordination between stakeholders.The Sendai Framework provides a useful paradigm within which to shape the research field's strategic development.The WHO Thematic Platform for Health-EDRM Research Group was established to coordinate activities,promote information-sharing,develop partnerships,and provide technical advice to strengthen the Health-EDRM research field.This group will promote the generation of robust and scientific health research to support the meaningful implementation of the Sendai Framework.
文摘Disasters exact a heavy toll globally.However,the degree to which we can accurately quantify their impact,in particular mortality,remains challenging.It is critical to ensure that disaster data reliably reflects the scale,type,and distribution of disaster impacts given the role of data in:(1)risk assessments;(2)developing disaster risk management programs;(3)determining the resources for response to emergencies;(4)the types of action undertaken in planning for prevention and preparedness;and(5)identifying research gaps.The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 s seven global disaster-impact reduction targets represent the first international attempt to systematically measure the effectiveness of disaster-impact reduction as a means of better informing policy with evidence.Target A of the Sendai Framework aims to‘‘substantially reduce global disaster mortality by 2030,aiming to lower the average per 100,000 global mortality rate in the decade 2020–2030 compared to the period 2005–2015.’’This article provides an overview of the complexities associated with defining,reporting,and interpreting disaster mortality data used for gauging success in meeting Target A,acknowledging different challenges for different types of hazard events and subsequent disasters.It concludes with suggestions of how to address these challenges to inform the public health utility of monitoring through the Sendai Framework.
基金Shanghai International Science and Technology Partnership Project(No. 21230780200)。
文摘It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the planet,which is seriously affecting the planetary health including human health.Adapting climate change should not only be a slogan,but requires a united,holistic action and a paradigm shift from crisis response to an ambitious and integrated approach immediately.Recognizing the urgent needs to tackle the risk connection between climate change and One Health,the four key messages and recommendations that with the intent to guide further research and to promote international cooperation to achieve a more climate-resilient world are provided.
文摘At the first gathering of its kind on the role of science in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030,over 750 scientists,policymakers,business people,and practitioners met in Geneva from January 27–29,2016.The UNISDR Science and Technology Conference on the Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 fea-
文摘Partnerships have become a comer stone of contemporary research that recognizes working across disciplines and co-production with intended users as essential to enabling sustainable resilience-building.Furthermore,research that addresses sustainable development challenges brings an urgent need to reflect on the ways that partnerships are supported,and for the disaster risk management and resilience communities,efforts to support realization of the wider 2030 Agenda for sustainable development bring particular pressures.In November 2019,the UK Disasters Research Group(DRG)brought together a number of key stakeholders focused on disaster risk,resilience,and sustainability research relevant to Official DevelopmeAssistance to consider how fit for purpose existing partnership models are for the pace of change required to deliver the priorities of the wider 2030 Agenda.Participants were invited to discuss how research partnerships across three levels(individual and project-based;national and institutional;and international)could be improved based on elements that facilitate robust partnerships and learning from aspects that hinder them.From the discussions,participanls emphasized the importance of effective communication mechanisms in building partnerships,co-designing projects,and establishing shared objectives.Enhanced approaches to addressing equitable partnerships and funding more substantive timelines will be key to responding to the challenges of the 2030 Agenda.
基金support of the Third World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction’s Major Group on Science and Technology, organized by the International Council of Science and its many partners, and its voluntary commitment for the conference
文摘This article explores the role of public health systems before, during, and after disasters, particularly within the scope of the United Nations Post-2015 Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. It also examines the role of scientific and technological developments in assisting with improving the resilience of public health professionals and the communities they work in. In addition, it explores how the wide-ranging activities in public health have already contributed to the improved management of disasters and a decrease in associated risks. The article identifies areas of synergy in five key areas of recent policy and practice in public health(the health systems approach, risk assessments, the WHO/UNISDR/HPA Disaster Risk Management fact sheets, chronic disease and disasters, and mental health impacts following disasters) and makes suggestions based on lessons identified from the previous(2005) global disaster risk reduction framework. In particular, we advocate the use of scientific evidence that addresses health and disaster risk simultaneously to increase the effectiveness of policy and practice in disaster risk reduction, health, and public health.
文摘The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 recognizes health at the heart of disaster risk management(DRM)at the global policy level.Five years on,it has catalyzed the rapid development of the field of Health Emergency and Disaster Risk Management(Health EDRM)by providing a mandate for building partnerships as well as enhancing scientific research.Key milestones achieved include publication of the World Health Organization’s Health EDRM Framework,development of the WHO Thematic Platform for Health EDRM and the WHO Health EDRM Research Network,and further application of health information principles to DRM.Furthermore,health actors at all levels have continued to engage in the Sendai Framework processes and have had a key role in its implementation and proposed monitoring.There have been significant gains made through the partnership of health and DRM,but the relationship has not been without its challenges.Many national,regional,and global initiatives continue to operate with a lack of consistency and of linkages to respond to the Sendai Framework’s call for embedding health resilience in DRM,and conversely,embedding DRM in health resilience.Overcoming this hurdle is important,and doing so will be a key marker of success of the next 10 years of partnership under the Sendai Framework.
文摘The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 underlines the importance of Science and Technology(S&T) and S&T networks for effective disaster risk reduction(DRR). The knowledge of existing S&T networks and their exact role in DRR,however, is limited. This opinion piece initiates a discussion on the role of S&T networks in the implementation of the Sendai Framework. The article highlights that current practice is oriented towards a narrative that emphasizes the potential of S&T for DRR and stresses a collaborative approach delivered through networks. But a true understanding of whether and how S&T networks can mobilize and enable S&T for DRR is missing. We call for a review of existing S&T networks for DRR and the development of good practice guidelines on S&T networks for DRR. This review should include knowledge on how to overcome common challenges and maximize the benefits, along with a framework for successful evaluation of such networks.This knowledge would provide much needed guidance for existing and emerging networks.
文摘The Global Alliance of Disaster Research Institutes held its 3rd Global Summit of Research Institutes for Disaster Risk Reduction at the Disaster Prevention Research Institute,Kyoto University,Japan,19–21 March,2017.The Global Alliance seeks to contribute to enhancing disaster risk reduction(DRR) and disaster resilience through the collaboration of research organizations around the world.The summit aim was to expand the platform for bridging science and policy making by evaluating the evidence base needed to meet the expected outcomes and actions of the Sendai Framework for Disaster RiskReduction 2015–2030 and its Science and Technology Roadmap.The summit reflected the international nature of collaborative research and action.A pre-conference questionnaire filled out by Global Alliance members identified323 research projects that are indicative of current research.These were categorized to support seven parallel discussion sessions related to the Sendai Framework priorities for action.Four discussion sessions focused on research that aims to deepen the understanding of disaster risks.Three cross-cutting sessions focused on research that is aimed at the priorities for action on governance,resilience,and recovery.Discussion summaries were presentedin plenary sessions in support of outcomes for widely enhancing the science and policy of DRR.
