The term‘optimization’refers to the process of maximizing the beneficial attributes of a mathematical function or system while minimizing the unfavorable ones.The majority of real-world situations can be modelled as...The term‘optimization’refers to the process of maximizing the beneficial attributes of a mathematical function or system while minimizing the unfavorable ones.The majority of real-world situations can be modelled as an optimization problem.The complex nature of models restricts traditional optimization techniques to obtain a global optimal solution and paves the path for global optimization methods.Particle Swarm Optimization is a potential global optimization technique that has been widely used to address problems in a variety of fields.The idea of this research is to use exponential basis functions and the particle swarm optimization technique to find a numerical solution for the Sine-Gordan equation,whose numerical solutions show the soliton form and has diverse applications.The implemented optimization technique is employed to determine the involved parameter in the basis functions,which was previously approximated as a random number in the work reported till now in the literature.The obtained results are comparable with the results obtained in the literature.The work is presented in the form of figures and tables and is found encouraging.展开更多
Introduction: The Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) for the past many years has been reported to have many cities with highly polluted air quality. The state has been taking meticulous steps in combating air pollutio...Introduction: The Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) for the past many years has been reported to have many cities with highly polluted air quality. The state has been taking meticulous steps in combating air pollution in the form of action plans, introduced especially in its 17 non-attainment cities (NAC). To assess the progress and development of these action plans in UP, the present study has done an in-depth analysis and review of the state’s action plans and city micro action plans. Materials and Methods: In this research study, the analysis of the latest action plan reports, micro action plan reports as well as the recommendations for combating air pollution-related issues in the 17 NAC of the UP state has been well documented. Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) has prepared these reports to highlight the progress of the plans in response to the growing air pollution in these cities. The information present in the reports has been used to further study sector-specific, category-specific action plans, institutional responsibility, and the present status of the action plans. Results: On average, the highest weightage in action plans was given to sector-specific categories such as Road dust and construction activities (24%). It was also observed that Urban local bodies (~50%) were majorly responsible to implement the action points and 56% of the action points were jointly implemented by multiple agencies.展开更多
文摘The term‘optimization’refers to the process of maximizing the beneficial attributes of a mathematical function or system while minimizing the unfavorable ones.The majority of real-world situations can be modelled as an optimization problem.The complex nature of models restricts traditional optimization techniques to obtain a global optimal solution and paves the path for global optimization methods.Particle Swarm Optimization is a potential global optimization technique that has been widely used to address problems in a variety of fields.The idea of this research is to use exponential basis functions and the particle swarm optimization technique to find a numerical solution for the Sine-Gordan equation,whose numerical solutions show the soliton form and has diverse applications.The implemented optimization technique is employed to determine the involved parameter in the basis functions,which was previously approximated as a random number in the work reported till now in the literature.The obtained results are comparable with the results obtained in the literature.The work is presented in the form of figures and tables and is found encouraging.
文摘Introduction: The Indian state of Uttar Pradesh (UP) for the past many years has been reported to have many cities with highly polluted air quality. The state has been taking meticulous steps in combating air pollution in the form of action plans, introduced especially in its 17 non-attainment cities (NAC). To assess the progress and development of these action plans in UP, the present study has done an in-depth analysis and review of the state’s action plans and city micro action plans. Materials and Methods: In this research study, the analysis of the latest action plan reports, micro action plan reports as well as the recommendations for combating air pollution-related issues in the 17 NAC of the UP state has been well documented. Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) has prepared these reports to highlight the progress of the plans in response to the growing air pollution in these cities. The information present in the reports has been used to further study sector-specific, category-specific action plans, institutional responsibility, and the present status of the action plans. Results: On average, the highest weightage in action plans was given to sector-specific categories such as Road dust and construction activities (24%). It was also observed that Urban local bodies (~50%) were majorly responsible to implement the action points and 56% of the action points were jointly implemented by multiple agencies.
