The increasing morbidity of internal diseases poses serious threats to human health and quality of life.Exhaled breath analysis is a noninvasive and convenient diagnostic method to improve the cure rate of patients. I...The increasing morbidity of internal diseases poses serious threats to human health and quality of life.Exhaled breath analysis is a noninvasive and convenient diagnostic method to improve the cure rate of patients. In this study, a self-powered breath analyzer based on polyaniline/polyvinylidene fluoride(PANI/PVDF) piezogas-sensing arrays has been developed for potential detection of several internal diseases. The device works by converting exhaled breath energy into piezoelectric gassensing signals without any external power sources. The five sensing units in the device have different sensitivities to various gas markers with concentrations ranging from 0 to 600 ppm. The working principle can be attributed to the coupling of the in-pipe gas-flow-induced piezoelectric effect of PVDF and gas-sensing properties of PANI electrodes. In addition, the device demonstrates its use as an ethanol analyzer to roughly mimic fatty liver diagnosis.This new approach can be applied to fabricating new exhaled breath analyzers and promoting the development of self-powered systems.展开更多
We fabricated wearable perspiration analyzing sites for actively monitoring physiological status during exercises without any batteries or other power supply.The device mainly consists of ZnO nanowire(NW)arrays and fl...We fabricated wearable perspiration analyzing sites for actively monitoring physiological status during exercises without any batteries or other power supply.The device mainly consists of ZnO nanowire(NW)arrays and flexible polydimethylsiloxane substrate.Sweat on the skin can flow into the flow channels of the device through capillary action and flow along the channels to ZnO NWs.The sweat flowing on the NWs(with lactate oxidase modification)can output a DC electrical signal,and the outputting voltage is dependent on the lactate concentration in the sweat as the biosensing signal.ZnO NWs generate electric double layer(EDL)in sweat,which causes a potential difference between the upper and lower ends(hydrovoltaic effect).The product of the enzymatic reaction can adjust the EDL and influence the output.This device can be integrated with wireless transmitter and may have potential application in constructing sports big data.This work promotes the development of next generation of biosensors and expands the scope of self-powered physiological monitoring system.展开更多
The new era of the internet of things brings great opportunities to the field of intelligent sports.The collection and analysis of sports data are becoming more intelligent driven by the widely-distributed sensing net...The new era of the internet of things brings great opportunities to the field of intelligent sports.The collection and analysis of sports data are becoming more intelligent driven by the widely-distributed sensing network system.Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)can collect and convert energy as selfpowered sensors,overcoming the limitations of external power supply,frequent power replacement and high-cost maintenance.Herein,we introduce the working modes and principles of TENGs,and then summarize the recent advances in self-powered sports monitoring sensors driven by TENGs in sports equipment facilities,wearable equipment and competitive sports specialities.We discuss the existing issues,i.e.,device stability,material sustainability,device design rationality,textile TENG cleanability,sports sensors safety,kinds and manufacturing of sports sensors,and data collection comprehensiveness,and finally,propose the countermeasures.This work has practical significance to the current TENG applications in sports monitoring,and TENG-based sensing technology will have a broad prospect in the field of intelligent sports in the future.展开更多
Quantum light sources serve as one of the key elements in quantum photonic technologies. Such sources made from semiconductor material, e.g., quantum dots (QDs), are particularly appealing because of their great poten...Quantum light sources serve as one of the key elements in quantum photonic technologies. Such sources made from semiconductor material, e.g., quantum dots (QDs), are particularly appealing because of their great potential of scalability enabled by the modern planar nanofabrication technologies. So far, non-classic light sources based on semiconductor QDs are currently outperforming their counterparts using nonlinear optical process, for instance, parametric down conversion and four-wave mixing. To fully exploring the potential of semiconductor QDs, it is highly desirable to integrate QDs with a variety of photonic nanostructures for better device performance due to the improved light-matter interaction. Among different designs, the photonic nanostructures exhibiting broad operation spectral range is particularly interesting to overcome the QD spectral inhomogeneity and exciton fine structure splitting for the generations of single-photon and entangled photon pair respectively. In this review, we focus on recent progress on high-performance semiconductor quantum light sources that is achieved by integrating single QDs with a variety of broadband photonic nanostructures i.e. waveguide, lens and low-Q cavity.展开更多
Objectives:When detecting changes in synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images,the quality of the difference map has an important impact on the detection results,and the speckle noise in the image interferes with the extrac...Objectives:When detecting changes in synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images,the quality of the difference map has an important impact on the detection results,and the speckle noise in the image interferes with the extraction of change information.In order to improve the detection accuracy of SAR image change detection and improve the quality of the difference map,this paper proposes a method that combines the popular deep neural network with the clustering algorithm.Methods:Firstly,the SAR image with speckle noise was constructed,and the FFDNet architecture was used to retrain the SAR image,and the network parameters with better effect on speckle noise suppression were obtained.Then the log ratio operator is generated by using the reconstructed image output from the network.Finally,K-means and FCM clustering algorithms are used to analyze the difference images,and the binary map of change detection results is generated.Results:The experimental results have high detection accuracy on Bern and Sulzberger’s real data,which proves the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
Microlens arrays have been widely used in the fields of micro-optics and micro-and nanofabrication. Traditional preparation methods utilize commercial photoresists and thermosetting materials, thereby restricting the ...Microlens arrays have been widely used in the fields of micro-optics and micro-and nanofabrication. Traditional preparation methods utilize commercial photoresists and thermosetting materials, thereby restricting the optical properties of microlenses. In recent years, significant advancements have been achieved in near-field super-resolution imaging by utilizing microspheres and forming arrays of microsphere lenses via self-assembly. However, self-assembly approaches lack flexibility in terms of pattern selection. This study proposes a method that utilizes electrohydrodynamic jet (E-jet) printing to code ultraviolet (UV)-curable adhesives and assist in the assembly of patterned microsphere-lens arrays. Simulation results demonstrate that the UV-curable adhesive has little impact on the optical properties of the microsphere lens. Moreover, the microsphere lens exhibits a superior imaging resolution compared with traditional microlenses. A projection-lithography system is developed to achieve an accurate alignment between the focal plane of the microsphere lenses and the plane of the photoresist, facilitating the fabrication of patterned nanostructures. The lithographic nanostructures have a minimum feature size of 850 nm. This method enables the fabrication of arrays of microsphere lenses with arbitrary patterns and presents an inexpensive and simple strategy for fabricating micro-and nanostructure arrays with submicrometer features.展开更多
Persistent hepatic cellular metabolic stress and liver inflammatory stimuli are key signatures of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).DDX3X is a vital molecule involved in cell fate decisions in both pro-survival stres...Persistent hepatic cellular metabolic stress and liver inflammatory stimuli are key signatures of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).DDX3X is a vital molecule involved in cell fate decisions in both pro-survival stress granule(SG)and pro-death NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome assembly in response to stress signals.However,the role of DDX3X in NASH remains unclear.We characterized the cell type-specific roles of DDX3X in NASH.Human liver tissues from NASH patients and normal control subjects were collected to assess DDX3X expression and distribution.Nutritional steatohepatitis models were constructed by feeding macrophage-specific DDX3X knockout(DDX3^(XΔMφ)),hepatocyte-specific DDX3X knockout(DDX3X^(Δhep)),and wild-type control(DDX3X^(fl/fl))mice a high-fat and high-cholesterol(HFHC)diet,a methionine-and choline-deficient(MCD)diet,and a high-fat/high-iron/high-fructose/high-cholesterol,low-methionine,and choline-deficient(HFHIHFHC-MCD)diet.The study demonstrated that DDX3X was predominantly expressed in macrophages and hepatocytes in control liver tissues,and its expression was down-regulated in patients or mice with NASH.Compared to DDX3X^(fl/fl) littermates,DDX3^(XΔMφ)mice showed improved liver histology in nutritional steatohepatitis models.Loss of macrophage DDX3X inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis,causing anti-inflammatory M2 polarization and alleviating hepatocyte steatohepatitic changes.DDX3X^(Δhep) mice developed marked steatohepatitis in multiple nutritional steatohepatitis models compared to DDX3X^(fl/fl) littermates.DDX3X-deleted hepatocytes showed impaired SG assembly,leading to increased sensitivity and intolerance to metabolic stimulation and resultant steatohepatitis.In conclusion,DDX3X plays opposite roles in different cell types during the progression of NASH.A better understanding of the cell-specific differences in the crosstalk between SG formation and NLRP3 activation is crucial for developing prospective targeted DDX3X inhibitors for the treatment of NASH.展开更多
A self-charging hybrid power unit has been developed by integrating a water-evaporation-induced nano- generator with a flexible nano-patterned supercapacitor. The nanogenerator can harvest environmental thermal energy...A self-charging hybrid power unit has been developed by integrating a water-evaporation-induced nano- generator with a flexible nano-patterned supercapacitor. The nanogenerator can harvest environmental thermal energy and mechanical energy through the water evaporation process, and the supercapacitor can be charged simultaneously. The former offers stable electrical power as output, whereas the Ppy- based supercapacitor shows a capacitance of 12.497 m F/cm^2 with 96.42% retention after 4,000 cycles. After filling the power unit with water as the fuel, it can be fully charged in about 20 min. The power unit can be flexibly integrated with electronic devices such as sensor nodes and wireless transmitters employ- ing the Internet of Things. This new approach can offer new possibilities in continuous future operation of randomly distributed electronic devices incorporated in the Internet of Things.展开更多
A new self-powered active gas sensor for realtime monitoring of automotive exhaust gas was devised.The pipe-shaped device was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane/polypyrrole(PDMS/Ppy)triboelectric gas-sensing unit ar...A new self-powered active gas sensor for realtime monitoring of automotive exhaust gas was devised.The pipe-shaped device was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane/polypyrrole(PDMS/Ppy)triboelectric gas-sensing unit arrays.The gas-sensing units can actively convert the mechanical energy of gas flow into a triboelectric current.The output current signal depends on the species and concentrations of the target chemical gases(CO,NH3,NO)in the gas flow,and thus can be used as a sensing signal.The device consists of seven gas-sensing units with different Ppy derivatives.As the different sensing units respond to the gases in different ways,the device can differentiate between gas species.The working mechanism is attributed to the coupling effect between the triboelectric effect of PDMS/Ppy and the gas-sensing properties of Ppy.The device can be installed in the tailpipe of an automobile,and can thus analyze the exhaust gas in real time without the need for any external electrical power.The results of the present study spur a new research direction for the development of automotive exhaust gas monitoring systems,thus playing an important role in the detection of air pollution.展开更多
A new self-powered temperature-sensitive electronic-skin(e-skin) for real-time monitoring body temperature without external electricity power was fabricated from patterned polydimethylsiloxane/polyaniline(PDMS/PANI) n...A new self-powered temperature-sensitive electronic-skin(e-skin) for real-time monitoring body temperature without external electricity power was fabricated from patterned polydimethylsiloxane/polyaniline(PDMS/PANI) nanostructures. The e-skin can be feasibly attached on the human body and driven by the mechanical motion energy through triboelectric effect. The outputting triboelectric impulse of the PDMS/PANI units is significantly dependent on the local surface temperature of the eskin, serving as both the power source and temperature sensing signal. The outputting current of the e-skin increases with increasing surface temperature of the device. Under applied bending deformation,the response of the e-skin is up to 63.6 for 38.6℃. The e-skin can detect minimum temperature change of 0.4℃. The working mechanism can be ascribed to the coupling effect of triboelectric and semiconductor properties(tribotronic effect). A practical application of the e-skin attaching on the human body for detecting the body temperature range of 36.5–42.0℃ has been simply demonstrated. This work provides a viable method for real-time monitoring body temperature, and can promote the development of wearable temperature sensors and self-powered multifunctional nanosystems.展开更多
A new self-powered/self-cleaned atmosphere monitoring system has been fabricated from TiO_(2)nanoparticles through combining hydrovoltaic,gas sensing and photocatalytic effects.The TiO_(2)nanoparticle film can convert...A new self-powered/self-cleaned atmosphere monitoring system has been fabricated from TiO_(2)nanoparticles through combining hydrovoltaic,gas sensing and photocatalytic effects.The TiO_(2)nanoparticle film can convert natural thermal energy into electricity(hydrovoltaic effect)by the spontaneous water evaporation.The hydrovoltaic/gas-sensing coupling effect of TiO_(2)nanoparticle offers the waterevaporation-powered gas detection performance,and the outputting voltage/current has a good response to the surrounding gas atmosphere,directly acting as the gas sensing signal.The zeta potential of TiO_(2)is changed by the surface adsorption of gas molecules,and thus affects the electricity output of the system.The outputting electricity can directly power a wireless transmitter for transmitting the sensing information to external platform,and the whole system can work independently without electricity power supply.The rainwater can be used as the fuel of the system,and thus the system can be used outdoors without scheduled maintenance.Moreover,the photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2)can effectively degrade the organic pollutants on the film under photo illumination,leading to a self-clean behavior of the system.The system can probably promote the development of green sensing techniques with evaporation-induced ability.展开更多
Intelligent interaction technology based on advanced sensing units has become a research hotspot.In this paper,an intelligent interaction system(IIS)based on a multimodal conformal triboelectric nanogenerator patch(MC...Intelligent interaction technology based on advanced sensing units has become a research hotspot.In this paper,an intelligent interaction system(IIS)based on a multimodal conformal triboelectric nanogenerator patch(MCTP)is reported for sports monitoring and life promotion of the disabled.This IIS consists of a cloud-based smart sports recognition program and a smart life application.The porous micro-reinforced structure of polyurethane(PU)Sponge&Ecoflex,and the surface modification of PTFE by coating it with MXene endows the MCTP with excellent electrical properties.It shows good angle and force sensitivities of 1.1 V/°and 1.61 V/N,respectively,and has an ultra-fast response time of 15 ms,meeting the needs of human motion monitoring.The MCTP can also capture the mechanical energy,producing a maximum output power of 139μW.Compared with the commercial inertial measuring unit(IMU),the MCTP shows better consistency in human joint angle sensing.A precise analysis of wheelchair curling sports monitoring points is achieved by combining the MCTP and the human anatomy model.The cloud-based smart sports recognition program utilizes machine learning to achieve visual feedback on the three throwing technologies of draw,takeout and clearing.In addition,the developed smart life application uses a highsensitivity MCTP-sensor array design to achieve a variety of smart home interactions through simple finger touches.Overall,the IIS integrates the three major functions of smart sports sensing,energy capture,and smart home control,providing important application prospects in the fields of smart sports and human-computer interaction for the disabled.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11674048)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N170505001 and N160502002)Program for Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents (RC170269)
文摘The increasing morbidity of internal diseases poses serious threats to human health and quality of life.Exhaled breath analysis is a noninvasive and convenient diagnostic method to improve the cure rate of patients. In this study, a self-powered breath analyzer based on polyaniline/polyvinylidene fluoride(PANI/PVDF) piezogas-sensing arrays has been developed for potential detection of several internal diseases. The device works by converting exhaled breath energy into piezoelectric gassensing signals without any external power sources. The five sensing units in the device have different sensitivities to various gas markers with concentrations ranging from 0 to 600 ppm. The working principle can be attributed to the coupling of the in-pipe gas-flow-induced piezoelectric effect of PVDF and gas-sensing properties of PANI electrodes. In addition, the device demonstrates its use as an ethanol analyzer to roughly mimic fatty liver diagnosis.This new approach can be applied to fabricating new exhaled breath analyzers and promoting the development of self-powered systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11674048)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(20JCQN0201).
文摘We fabricated wearable perspiration analyzing sites for actively monitoring physiological status during exercises without any batteries or other power supply.The device mainly consists of ZnO nanowire(NW)arrays and flexible polydimethylsiloxane substrate.Sweat on the skin can flow into the flow channels of the device through capillary action and flow along the channels to ZnO NWs.The sweat flowing on the NWs(with lactate oxidase modification)can output a DC electrical signal,and the outputting voltage is dependent on the lactate concentration in the sweat as the biosensing signal.ZnO NWs generate electric double layer(EDL)in sweat,which causes a potential difference between the upper and lower ends(hydrovoltaic effect).The product of the enzymatic reaction can adjust the EDL and influence the output.This device can be integrated with wireless transmitter and may have potential application in constructing sports big data.This work promotes the development of next generation of biosensors and expands the scope of self-powered physiological monitoring system.
文摘The new era of the internet of things brings great opportunities to the field of intelligent sports.The collection and analysis of sports data are becoming more intelligent driven by the widely-distributed sensing network system.Triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)can collect and convert energy as selfpowered sensors,overcoming the limitations of external power supply,frequent power replacement and high-cost maintenance.Herein,we introduce the working modes and principles of TENGs,and then summarize the recent advances in self-powered sports monitoring sensors driven by TENGs in sports equipment facilities,wearable equipment and competitive sports specialities.We discuss the existing issues,i.e.,device stability,material sustainability,device design rationality,textile TENG cleanability,sports sensors safety,kinds and manufacturing of sports sensors,and data collection comprehensiveness,and finally,propose the countermeasures.This work has practical significance to the current TENG applications in sports monitoring,and TENG-based sensing technology will have a broad prospect in the field of intelligent sports in the future.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFA0306100)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.11874437,11704424)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2018B030311027,2017A030310004,2016A030310216)Guangzhou Science and Technology Project(No.201805010004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60123456)
文摘Quantum light sources serve as one of the key elements in quantum photonic technologies. Such sources made from semiconductor material, e.g., quantum dots (QDs), are particularly appealing because of their great potential of scalability enabled by the modern planar nanofabrication technologies. So far, non-classic light sources based on semiconductor QDs are currently outperforming their counterparts using nonlinear optical process, for instance, parametric down conversion and four-wave mixing. To fully exploring the potential of semiconductor QDs, it is highly desirable to integrate QDs with a variety of photonic nanostructures for better device performance due to the improved light-matter interaction. Among different designs, the photonic nanostructures exhibiting broad operation spectral range is particularly interesting to overcome the QD spectral inhomogeneity and exciton fine structure splitting for the generations of single-photon and entangled photon pair respectively. In this review, we focus on recent progress on high-performance semiconductor quantum light sources that is achieved by integrating single QDs with a variety of broadband photonic nanostructures i.e. waveguide, lens and low-Q cavity.
文摘Objectives:When detecting changes in synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images,the quality of the difference map has an important impact on the detection results,and the speckle noise in the image interferes with the extraction of change information.In order to improve the detection accuracy of SAR image change detection and improve the quality of the difference map,this paper proposes a method that combines the popular deep neural network with the clustering algorithm.Methods:Firstly,the SAR image with speckle noise was constructed,and the FFDNet architecture was used to retrain the SAR image,and the network parameters with better effect on speckle noise suppression were obtained.Then the log ratio operator is generated by using the reconstructed image output from the network.Finally,K-means and FCM clustering algorithms are used to analyze the difference images,and the binary map of change detection results is generated.Results:The experimental results have high detection accuracy on Bern and Sulzberger’s real data,which proves the effectiveness of the method.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFB3201600)National Natural Science Foundation of China (61925307, 62203154)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2023010734-JH3/107)Self-raised Key Deployment Project of Shenyang Institute of Automation,Chinese Academy of Sciences (E2550107)。
文摘Microlens arrays have been widely used in the fields of micro-optics and micro-and nanofabrication. Traditional preparation methods utilize commercial photoresists and thermosetting materials, thereby restricting the optical properties of microlenses. In recent years, significant advancements have been achieved in near-field super-resolution imaging by utilizing microspheres and forming arrays of microsphere lenses via self-assembly. However, self-assembly approaches lack flexibility in terms of pattern selection. This study proposes a method that utilizes electrohydrodynamic jet (E-jet) printing to code ultraviolet (UV)-curable adhesives and assist in the assembly of patterned microsphere-lens arrays. Simulation results demonstrate that the UV-curable adhesive has little impact on the optical properties of the microsphere lens. Moreover, the microsphere lens exhibits a superior imaging resolution compared with traditional microlenses. A projection-lithography system is developed to achieve an accurate alignment between the focal plane of the microsphere lenses and the plane of the photoresist, facilitating the fabrication of patterned nanostructures. The lithographic nanostructures have a minimum feature size of 850 nm. This method enables the fabrication of arrays of microsphere lenses with arbitrary patterns and presents an inexpensive and simple strategy for fabricating micro-and nanostructure arrays with submicrometer features.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.82000548,82100621,82170574,and 81402337)the Funding for Clinical Trials from the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University(no.2021-LCYJ-PY-4)and the Natural Science Fund of Jiangsu Province(no.BK20210147).
文摘Persistent hepatic cellular metabolic stress and liver inflammatory stimuli are key signatures of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).DDX3X is a vital molecule involved in cell fate decisions in both pro-survival stress granule(SG)and pro-death NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome assembly in response to stress signals.However,the role of DDX3X in NASH remains unclear.We characterized the cell type-specific roles of DDX3X in NASH.Human liver tissues from NASH patients and normal control subjects were collected to assess DDX3X expression and distribution.Nutritional steatohepatitis models were constructed by feeding macrophage-specific DDX3X knockout(DDX3^(XΔMφ)),hepatocyte-specific DDX3X knockout(DDX3X^(Δhep)),and wild-type control(DDX3X^(fl/fl))mice a high-fat and high-cholesterol(HFHC)diet,a methionine-and choline-deficient(MCD)diet,and a high-fat/high-iron/high-fructose/high-cholesterol,low-methionine,and choline-deficient(HFHIHFHC-MCD)diet.The study demonstrated that DDX3X was predominantly expressed in macrophages and hepatocytes in control liver tissues,and its expression was down-regulated in patients or mice with NASH.Compared to DDX3X^(fl/fl) littermates,DDX3^(XΔMφ)mice showed improved liver histology in nutritional steatohepatitis models.Loss of macrophage DDX3X inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis,causing anti-inflammatory M2 polarization and alleviating hepatocyte steatohepatitic changes.DDX3X^(Δhep) mice developed marked steatohepatitis in multiple nutritional steatohepatitis models compared to DDX3X^(fl/fl) littermates.DDX3X-deleted hepatocytes showed impaired SG assembly,leading to increased sensitivity and intolerance to metabolic stimulation and resultant steatohepatitis.In conclusion,DDX3X plays opposite roles in different cell types during the progression of NASH.A better understanding of the cell-specific differences in the crosstalk between SG formation and NLRP3 activation is crucial for developing prospective targeted DDX3X inhibitors for the treatment of NASH.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11674048)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N170505001,and N160502002)Program for Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents(RC170269)
文摘A self-charging hybrid power unit has been developed by integrating a water-evaporation-induced nano- generator with a flexible nano-patterned supercapacitor. The nanogenerator can harvest environmental thermal energy and mechanical energy through the water evaporation process, and the supercapacitor can be charged simultaneously. The former offers stable electrical power as output, whereas the Ppy- based supercapacitor shows a capacitance of 12.497 m F/cm^2 with 96.42% retention after 4,000 cycles. After filling the power unit with water as the fuel, it can be fully charged in about 20 min. The power unit can be flexibly integrated with electronic devices such as sensor nodes and wireless transmitters employ- ing the Internet of Things. This new approach can offer new possibilities in continuous future operation of randomly distributed electronic devices incorporated in the Internet of Things.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11674048)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (N170505001 and N160502002)the Program for Shenyang Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents (RC170269)
文摘A new self-powered active gas sensor for realtime monitoring of automotive exhaust gas was devised.The pipe-shaped device was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane/polypyrrole(PDMS/Ppy)triboelectric gas-sensing unit arrays.The gas-sensing units can actively convert the mechanical energy of gas flow into a triboelectric current.The output current signal depends on the species and concentrations of the target chemical gases(CO,NH3,NO)in the gas flow,and thus can be used as a sensing signal.The device consists of seven gas-sensing units with different Ppy derivatives.As the different sensing units respond to the gases in different ways,the device can differentiate between gas species.The working mechanism is attributed to the coupling effect between the triboelectric effect of PDMS/Ppy and the gas-sensing properties of Ppy.The device can be installed in the tailpipe of an automobile,and can thus analyze the exhaust gas in real time without the need for any external electrical power.The results of the present study spur a new research direction for the development of automotive exhaust gas monitoring systems,thus playing an important role in the detection of air pollution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11674048)
文摘A new self-powered temperature-sensitive electronic-skin(e-skin) for real-time monitoring body temperature without external electricity power was fabricated from patterned polydimethylsiloxane/polyaniline(PDMS/PANI) nanostructures. The e-skin can be feasibly attached on the human body and driven by the mechanical motion energy through triboelectric effect. The outputting triboelectric impulse of the PDMS/PANI units is significantly dependent on the local surface temperature of the eskin, serving as both the power source and temperature sensing signal. The outputting current of the e-skin increases with increasing surface temperature of the device. Under applied bending deformation,the response of the e-skin is up to 63.6 for 38.6℃. The e-skin can detect minimum temperature change of 0.4℃. The working mechanism can be ascribed to the coupling effect of triboelectric and semiconductor properties(tribotronic effect). A practical application of the e-skin attaching on the human body for detecting the body temperature range of 36.5–42.0℃ has been simply demonstrated. This work provides a viable method for real-time monitoring body temperature, and can promote the development of wearable temperature sensors and self-powered multifunctional nanosystems.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11674048)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2020JDJQ0026)。
文摘A new self-powered/self-cleaned atmosphere monitoring system has been fabricated from TiO_(2)nanoparticles through combining hydrovoltaic,gas sensing and photocatalytic effects.The TiO_(2)nanoparticle film can convert natural thermal energy into electricity(hydrovoltaic effect)by the spontaneous water evaporation.The hydrovoltaic/gas-sensing coupling effect of TiO_(2)nanoparticle offers the waterevaporation-powered gas detection performance,and the outputting voltage/current has a good response to the surrounding gas atmosphere,directly acting as the gas sensing signal.The zeta potential of TiO_(2)is changed by the surface adsorption of gas molecules,and thus affects the electricity output of the system.The outputting electricity can directly power a wireless transmitter for transmitting the sensing information to external platform,and the whole system can work independently without electricity power supply.The rainwater can be used as the fuel of the system,and thus the system can be used outdoors without scheduled maintenance.Moreover,the photocatalytic activity of TiO_(2)can effectively degrade the organic pollutants on the film under photo illumination,leading to a self-clean behavior of the system.The system can probably promote the development of green sensing techniques with evaporation-induced ability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62373086 and 62373087)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4700102)+2 种基金the National Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(Grant No.62303446)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M723313)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(Grant No.2022199).
文摘Intelligent interaction technology based on advanced sensing units has become a research hotspot.In this paper,an intelligent interaction system(IIS)based on a multimodal conformal triboelectric nanogenerator patch(MCTP)is reported for sports monitoring and life promotion of the disabled.This IIS consists of a cloud-based smart sports recognition program and a smart life application.The porous micro-reinforced structure of polyurethane(PU)Sponge&Ecoflex,and the surface modification of PTFE by coating it with MXene endows the MCTP with excellent electrical properties.It shows good angle and force sensitivities of 1.1 V/°and 1.61 V/N,respectively,and has an ultra-fast response time of 15 ms,meeting the needs of human motion monitoring.The MCTP can also capture the mechanical energy,producing a maximum output power of 139μW.Compared with the commercial inertial measuring unit(IMU),the MCTP shows better consistency in human joint angle sensing.A precise analysis of wheelchair curling sports monitoring points is achieved by combining the MCTP and the human anatomy model.The cloud-based smart sports recognition program utilizes machine learning to achieve visual feedback on the three throwing technologies of draw,takeout and clearing.In addition,the developed smart life application uses a highsensitivity MCTP-sensor array design to achieve a variety of smart home interactions through simple finger touches.Overall,the IIS integrates the three major functions of smart sports sensing,energy capture,and smart home control,providing important application prospects in the fields of smart sports and human-computer interaction for the disabled.
