Several studies have suggested that exogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor may pro-tect neurons from cerebral ischemic injury. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotec-tive effects of endogeno...Several studies have suggested that exogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor may pro-tect neurons from cerebral ischemic injury. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotec-tive effects of endogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor remain unclear. The present experiments sought to elucidate the influence of various conditioned media on neuronal apoptosis, using a normal culture medium for astrocytes, an astrocyte medium highly expressing glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and an astrocyte medium in which glial cell line-derived neurotro-phic factor expression was silenced using RNAi technology. The results confirmed that the use of RNAi silencing to target pretreated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression promoted neuronal apoptosis. In addition, oxygen and glucose deprivation preconditioning was found to upregulate glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression, and significantly reduce neuronal apoptosis.展开更多
Protein aggregate species play a pivotal role in the pathology of various degenerative diseases.Their dynamic changes are closely correlated with disease progression,making them promising candidates as diagnostic biom...Protein aggregate species play a pivotal role in the pathology of various degenerative diseases.Their dynamic changes are closely correlated with disease progression,making them promising candidates as diagnostic biomarkers.Given the prevalence of degenerative diseases,growing attention is drawn to develop pragmatic and accessible protein aggregate species detection technology.However,the performance of current detection methods is far from satisfying the requirements of extensive clinical use.In this review,we focus on the design strategies,merits,and potential shortcomings of each class of detection methods.The review is organized into three major parts:native protein sensing,seed amplification,and intricate program,which embody three different but interconnected methodologies.To the best of our knowledge,no systematic review has encompassed the entire workflow,from the molecular level to the apparatus organization.This review emphasizes the feasibility of the methods instead of theoretical detection limitations.We conclude that high selectivity does play a pivotal role,while signal compilation,multilateral profiling,and other patient-oriented strategies(i.e.less invasiveness and assay speed)are also important.展开更多
As virulence-determining genes, RR1 and RR2 encode the small subunit and large subunit of viral ribonucleotide reductase(RR) in pseudorabies virus which have been extensively studied in mice. However,their role in pig...As virulence-determining genes, RR1 and RR2 encode the small subunit and large subunit of viral ribonucleotide reductase(RR) in pseudorabies virus which have been extensively studied in mice. However,their role in pigs has not been adequately investigated. In this study, we deleted RR1 and RR2 genes based on a TK/g E/g I triple gene-deleted pseudorabies virus and tested its efficacy in pigs as a vaccine candidate. The rescued virus showed similar growth properties and plaque size in vitro as its parent strain. In an animal study, the virus could elicit humoral immune responses shown by generation of g B-specific antibodies and virus neutralizing antibodies.However, vaccination could not provide protection against virulent pseudorabies virus challenge since vaccinated pigs showed clinical pseudorabies-specific syndromes. The deficiency in protection may due to the generation of late and low levels of gB antibodies and virus neutralizing antibodies.展开更多
基金Specialized Research Fund for the Doc-toral Program of Higher Education, No. 20060183053
文摘Several studies have suggested that exogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor may pro-tect neurons from cerebral ischemic injury. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotec-tive effects of endogenous glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor remain unclear. The present experiments sought to elucidate the influence of various conditioned media on neuronal apoptosis, using a normal culture medium for astrocytes, an astrocyte medium highly expressing glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, and an astrocyte medium in which glial cell line-derived neurotro-phic factor expression was silenced using RNAi technology. The results confirmed that the use of RNAi silencing to target pretreated glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression promoted neuronal apoptosis. In addition, oxygen and glucose deprivation preconditioning was found to upregulate glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor expression, and significantly reduce neuronal apoptosis.
基金Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2022A1515110206The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Shenzhen,Grant/Award Numbers:K10120220253,YXLH2218。
文摘Protein aggregate species play a pivotal role in the pathology of various degenerative diseases.Their dynamic changes are closely correlated with disease progression,making them promising candidates as diagnostic biomarkers.Given the prevalence of degenerative diseases,growing attention is drawn to develop pragmatic and accessible protein aggregate species detection technology.However,the performance of current detection methods is far from satisfying the requirements of extensive clinical use.In this review,we focus on the design strategies,merits,and potential shortcomings of each class of detection methods.The review is organized into three major parts:native protein sensing,seed amplification,and intricate program,which embody three different but interconnected methodologies.To the best of our knowledge,no systematic review has encompassed the entire workflow,from the molecular level to the apparatus organization.This review emphasizes the feasibility of the methods instead of theoretical detection limitations.We conclude that high selectivity does play a pivotal role,while signal compilation,multilateral profiling,and other patient-oriented strategies(i.e.less invasiveness and assay speed)are also important.
基金supported by grant from Major Science and Technology Program in Henan Province (131100110200)Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province (142101510001)+1 种基金Talents Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation in Henan Province (144200510002)Science and Technology Innovation team in Henan Province (C20130005)
文摘As virulence-determining genes, RR1 and RR2 encode the small subunit and large subunit of viral ribonucleotide reductase(RR) in pseudorabies virus which have been extensively studied in mice. However,their role in pigs has not been adequately investigated. In this study, we deleted RR1 and RR2 genes based on a TK/g E/g I triple gene-deleted pseudorabies virus and tested its efficacy in pigs as a vaccine candidate. The rescued virus showed similar growth properties and plaque size in vitro as its parent strain. In an animal study, the virus could elicit humoral immune responses shown by generation of g B-specific antibodies and virus neutralizing antibodies.However, vaccination could not provide protection against virulent pseudorabies virus challenge since vaccinated pigs showed clinical pseudorabies-specific syndromes. The deficiency in protection may due to the generation of late and low levels of gB antibodies and virus neutralizing antibodies.
