Research on two-dimensional(2D) materials has been explosively increasing in last seventeen years in varying subjects including condensed matter physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and chemistry since ...Research on two-dimensional(2D) materials has been explosively increasing in last seventeen years in varying subjects including condensed matter physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and chemistry since the mechanical exfoliation of graphene in 2004. Starting from graphene, 2D materials now have become a big family with numerous members and diverse categories. The unique structural features and physicochemical properties of 2D materials make them one class of the most appealing candidates for a wide range of potential applications. In particular, we have seen some major breakthroughs made in the field of 2D materials in last five years not only in developing novel synthetic methods and exploring new structures/properties but also in identifying innovative applications and pushing forward commercialisation. In this review, we provide a critical summary on the recent progress made in the field of 2D materials with a particular focus on last five years. After a brief backgroundintroduction, we first discuss the major synthetic methods for 2D materials, including the mechanical exfoliation, liquid exfoliation, vapor phase deposition, and wet-chemical synthesis as well as phase engineering of 2D materials belonging to the field of phase engineering of nanomaterials(PEN). We then introduce the superconducting/optical/magnetic properties and chirality of 2D materials along with newly emerging magic angle 2D superlattices. Following that, the promising applications of 2D materials in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, energy storage, solar cells, biomedicine, sensors, environments, etc. are described sequentially. Thereafter, we present the theoretic calculations and simulations of 2D materials. Finally, after concluding the current progress, we provide some personal discussions on the existing challenges and future outlooks in this rapidly developing field.展开更多
With the rapidly increased concerns in environmental pollution, there have been urgent needs to develop fast, sensitive, low-cost and multiplexed sensing devices for the detection of environmental pollutants. Two-dime...With the rapidly increased concerns in environmental pollution, there have been urgent needs to develop fast, sensitive, low-cost and multiplexed sensing devices for the detection of environmental pollutants. Two-dimensional(2D) nanomaterials hold great promise due to their unique chemical and physical properties, which have been extensively employed to monitor the environmental pollutants combined with different detection techniques. In this review, we summarize recent advances in 2D nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors for detecting heavy metal ions, organic compounds, pesticides, antibiotics and bacteria. We also discuss perspectives and challenges of 2D nanomaterials in environmental monitoring.展开更多
Herein, platinum nanoparticles-decorated molybdenum disulfide （PtNPs@MoS2） nanocomposite has been synthesized via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, which was characterized by transmission electron microscopy...Herein, platinum nanoparticles-decorated molybdenum disulfide （PtNPs@MoS2） nanocomposite has been synthesized via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, which was characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）. This MoSz-based nanocomposite modified glass carbon electrode （PtNPs@MoSz/GCE） exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity toward dopamine （DA） and uric acid （UA） due to their synergistic effect. Two well-defined oxidation peaks of DA and UA were obtained at PtNPs@MoS2/GCE with a large peak separation of 160 mV （DA-UA）, sug- gesting that the modified electrode could individually or simultaneously analyze DA and AA. Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of DA and UA were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-150 and 5-1000 gmol/L with detection limit of 0.17 and 0.98 gmol/L, respectively. The proposed MoSz-based sensor can also be employed to examine DA and UA in real samples with satisfactory results. Therefore, the PtNPs@MoS2 nanocomposite might offer a good possibil- ity for electrochemical sensing and other electrocatalytic applications.展开更多
Self-assembled DNA nanostructures hold great promise as nanoscale templates for organizing nanoparticles(NPs)with nearatomistic resolution.However,large-scale organization of NPs with high yield is highly desirable fo...Self-assembled DNA nanostructures hold great promise as nanoscale templates for organizing nanoparticles(NPs)with nearatomistic resolution.However,large-scale organization of NPs with high yield is highly desirable for nanoelectronics and nanophotonic applications.Here,we design fve-strand DNA tiles that can readily self-assemble into well-organized micrometerscale DNA nanostructures.By organizing gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)on these self-assembled DNA nanostructures,we realize the fabrication of one-and two-dimensional Au nanostructures in single steps.We further demonstrate the one-pot synthesis of Au metamaterials for highly amplifed surface-enhanced Raman Scattering(SERS).Tis single-step and high-yield strategy thus holds great potential for fabricating plasmonic metamaterials.展开更多
Selective and sensitive detection of trace microRNA is important for early diagnosis of diseases due to its expression level related to diseases.Herein,a triple signal amplification strategy is developed for trace mic...Selective and sensitive detection of trace microRNA is important for early diagnosis of diseases due to its expression level related to diseases.Herein,a triple signal amplification strategy is developed for trace microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) detection by combining with target-triggered cyclic strand displacement reaction (TCSDR),hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and enzyme catalytic amplification.Four DNA hairpins(H1,H2,H3,H4) are employed to form an ultralong double-strand DNA (dsDNA) structure,which is initiated by target miRNA-21.As H3 and H4 are labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP),numerous HRPs are loaded on the long dsDNA,producing significantly enhanced electrocatalytic signals in the hydrogen peroxide (H_(2)O_(2)) and 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) reaction strategy.Compared with single signal amplification,the triple signal amplification strategy shows higher electrochemical response,wider dynamic range and lower detection limit for miRNA-21 detection with excellent selectivity,reproducibility and stability.Taking advantage of the triple signal amplification strategy,the proposed electrochemical biosensor can detect miRNA-21 in 10 He La cell lysates,suggesting that it is a promising method for fruitful assay in clinical diagnosis.展开更多
Herein, a multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWNT)-based colorimetric probe was designed to discover and monitor the level of apolipoprotein-L1(Apo L1) in lumbar disc herniation(LDH) patients. Apo L1 could be easily found i...Herein, a multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWNT)-based colorimetric probe was designed to discover and monitor the level of apolipoprotein-L1(Apo L1) in lumbar disc herniation(LDH) patients. Apo L1 could be easily found in human serum of the LDH group, but not obviously expressed in the normal control group(Ctrl), spine spondylolisthesis(SSP) group, spinal fracture(SFR) group, and spine scoliosis(SSC) group. Furthermore, the as-prepared MWNT-based probe was also used to track the recovery of LDH patients who have successful surgery operation. The P value of early diagnosis and recovery monitoring was <0.001 and >0.05 for the proposed method and a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), respectively, suggesting this detection strategy had significant differences compared with the traditional ELISA. All experimental results showed that Apo L1 might be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of LDH. This proposed detection strategy has a potential application in discovering new biomarkers of diseases.展开更多
An improved tum-on aptasensor for thrombin detection using split aptamer fragments and graphene oxide （GO） was reported. The thrombin-binding aptamer （Aptl5） was split into two parts for target recognition, an 8-b...An improved tum-on aptasensor for thrombin detection using split aptamer fragments and graphene oxide （GO） was reported. The thrombin-binding aptamer （Aptl5） was split into two parts for target recognition, an 8-base se- quence labeled with fluorescein （FAM-Apt-A） and a 7-base oligonucleotide sequence （Apt-B）. In the absence of target protein, the fluorescence of FAM-Apt-A/Apt-B was quenched by GO through n-n stacking between GO and single-stranded DNA. However, when thrombin was introduced into the system, a target-induced G-quadruplex forms with two split aptamer fragments and thrombin. The fluorescence recovered due to weak interaction between G-quadruplex and GO. Compared to the strategy using intact aptamer, probe concentration was lowered, and an improved sensitivity was obtained. Moreover, heating process to avoid unfavorable secondary structure was avoided due to the use of shorter split aptamer fragments.展开更多
Hetero-assembling of spherical building blocks with well-defined spatial distribution holds great significance in developing chiral nanostructures. Herein, a strategy for hetero-assembling of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs...Hetero-assembling of spherical building blocks with well-defined spatial distribution holds great significance in developing chiral nanostructures. Herein, a strategy for hetero-assembling of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) was demonstrated using rigid bifacial DNA origami as templates. By tuning the sizes and the fixed location of Au NPs on DNA origami, right-handed and left-handed Au NPs nanostructures were respectively constructed. Gel electrophoresis indicated the formation of the DNA origami-Au NPs complex and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) visually displayed the arrangement of Au NPs in these two chiral structures. The spatial configuration and 3D geometry of Au NPs were further illustrated by the stereographic TEM with tilting angles from ?30° to 30°. This strategy provides a universal approach to construct the asymmetrical 3D geometries, which may have potential applications in biomimicking and nanophotonics.展开更多
DNA nanostructures have found widespread applications in areas including nanoelectronics and biomedicine.However,traditional DNA origami needs a long single-stranded virus DNA and hundreds of short DNA strands,which m...DNA nanostructures have found widespread applications in areas including nanoelectronics and biomedicine.However,traditional DNA origami needs a long single-stranded virus DNA and hundreds of short DNA strands,which make this method complicated and money-consuming.Here,we present a protocol for the assembly of DNA nanoribbons with only four oligonucleotides.DNA nanoribbons with different dimensions were successfully assembled with a 96-base scafford strand and three short staples.These biotinylated nanoribbons could also be decorated with streptavidins.This approach suggests that there exist great design spaces for the creation of simple nucleic acid nanostructures which could facilitate their application in plasmonic or drug delivery.展开更多
文摘Research on two-dimensional(2D) materials has been explosively increasing in last seventeen years in varying subjects including condensed matter physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and chemistry since the mechanical exfoliation of graphene in 2004. Starting from graphene, 2D materials now have become a big family with numerous members and diverse categories. The unique structural features and physicochemical properties of 2D materials make them one class of the most appealing candidates for a wide range of potential applications. In particular, we have seen some major breakthroughs made in the field of 2D materials in last five years not only in developing novel synthetic methods and exploring new structures/properties but also in identifying innovative applications and pushing forward commercialisation. In this review, we provide a critical summary on the recent progress made in the field of 2D materials with a particular focus on last five years. After a brief backgroundintroduction, we first discuss the major synthetic methods for 2D materials, including the mechanical exfoliation, liquid exfoliation, vapor phase deposition, and wet-chemical synthesis as well as phase engineering of 2D materials belonging to the field of phase engineering of nanomaterials(PEN). We then introduce the superconducting/optical/magnetic properties and chirality of 2D materials along with newly emerging magic angle 2D superlattices. Following that, the promising applications of 2D materials in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, energy storage, solar cells, biomedicine, sensors, environments, etc. are described sequentially. Thereafter, we present the theoretic calculations and simulations of 2D materials. Finally, after concluding the current progress, we provide some personal discussions on the existing challenges and future outlooks in this rapidly developing field.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61671250,21475064,21373260 and 21305070)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2013CB933802)+1 种基金Natural Science Fund for Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province(16KJB150032)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD,YX03002)
文摘With the rapidly increased concerns in environmental pollution, there have been urgent needs to develop fast, sensitive, low-cost and multiplexed sensing devices for the detection of environmental pollutants. Two-dimensional(2D) nanomaterials hold great promise due to their unique chemical and physical properties, which have been extensively employed to monitor the environmental pollutants combined with different detection techniques. In this review, we summarize recent advances in 2D nanomaterials-based electrochemical sensors for detecting heavy metal ions, organic compounds, pesticides, antibiotics and bacteria. We also discuss perspectives and challenges of 2D nanomaterials in environmental monitoring.
基金the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB933301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21305070, 21475064)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20130861)the Sci-Tech Support Plan of Jiangsu Province (BE2014719)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (IRT1148, 20133223120013)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Herein, platinum nanoparticles-decorated molybdenum disulfide （PtNPs@MoS2） nanocomposite has been synthesized via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method, which was characterized by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）. This MoSz-based nanocomposite modified glass carbon electrode （PtNPs@MoSz/GCE） exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity toward dopamine （DA） and uric acid （UA） due to their synergistic effect. Two well-defined oxidation peaks of DA and UA were obtained at PtNPs@MoS2/GCE with a large peak separation of 160 mV （DA-UA）, sug- gesting that the modified electrode could individually or simultaneously analyze DA and AA. Under the optimal conditions, the peak currents of DA and UA were linearly dependent on their concentrations in the range of 0.5-150 and 5-1000 gmol/L with detection limit of 0.17 and 0.98 gmol/L, respectively. The proposed MoSz-based sensor can also be employed to examine DA and UA in real samples with satisfactory results. Therefore, the PtNPs@MoS2 nanocomposite might offer a good possibil- ity for electrochemical sensing and other electrocatalytic applications.
基金This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2017YFA0205302)the NSFC(61771253,61671250,and 61871236)+1 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT 15R37)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD,YX03001).
文摘Self-assembled DNA nanostructures hold great promise as nanoscale templates for organizing nanoparticles(NPs)with nearatomistic resolution.However,large-scale organization of NPs with high yield is highly desirable for nanoelectronics and nanophotonic applications.Here,we design fve-strand DNA tiles that can readily self-assemble into well-organized micrometerscale DNA nanostructures.By organizing gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)on these self-assembled DNA nanostructures,we realize the fabrication of one-and two-dimensional Au nanostructures in single steps.We further demonstrate the one-pot synthesis of Au metamaterials for highly amplifed surface-enhanced Raman Scattering(SERS).Tis single-step and high-yield strategy thus holds great potential for fabricating plasmonic metamaterials.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFA0205302)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province-Major Project (No. BK20212012)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21874071)the “Six Talents Peak” Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. SWYY-046)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD, No. YX030003)。
文摘Selective and sensitive detection of trace microRNA is important for early diagnosis of diseases due to its expression level related to diseases.Herein,a triple signal amplification strategy is developed for trace microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) detection by combining with target-triggered cyclic strand displacement reaction (TCSDR),hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and enzyme catalytic amplification.Four DNA hairpins(H1,H2,H3,H4) are employed to form an ultralong double-strand DNA (dsDNA) structure,which is initiated by target miRNA-21.As H3 and H4 are labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP),numerous HRPs are loaded on the long dsDNA,producing significantly enhanced electrocatalytic signals in the hydrogen peroxide (H_(2)O_(2)) and 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) reaction strategy.Compared with single signal amplification,the triple signal amplification strategy shows higher electrochemical response,wider dynamic range and lower detection limit for miRNA-21 detection with excellent selectivity,reproducibility and stability.Taking advantage of the triple signal amplification strategy,the proposed electrochemical biosensor can detect miRNA-21 in 10 He La cell lysates,suggesting that it is a promising method for fruitful assay in clinical diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB933301)the Key Discipline Construction Project of Pudong Health Bureau of Shanghai(PWZx2014-02)+1 种基金the Sci-tech Support Plan of Jiangsu Province(BE2014719)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Herein, a multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWNT)-based colorimetric probe was designed to discover and monitor the level of apolipoprotein-L1(Apo L1) in lumbar disc herniation(LDH) patients. Apo L1 could be easily found in human serum of the LDH group, but not obviously expressed in the normal control group(Ctrl), spine spondylolisthesis(SSP) group, spinal fracture(SFR) group, and spine scoliosis(SSC) group. Furthermore, the as-prepared MWNT-based probe was also used to track the recovery of LDH patients who have successful surgery operation. The P value of early diagnosis and recovery monitoring was <0.001 and >0.05 for the proposed method and a conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), respectively, suggesting this detection strategy had significant differences compared with the traditional ELISA. All experimental results showed that Apo L1 might be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of LDH. This proposed detection strategy has a potential application in discovering new biomarkers of diseases.
文摘An improved tum-on aptasensor for thrombin detection using split aptamer fragments and graphene oxide （GO） was reported. The thrombin-binding aptamer （Aptl5） was split into two parts for target recognition, an 8-base se- quence labeled with fluorescein （FAM-Apt-A） and a 7-base oligonucleotide sequence （Apt-B）. In the absence of target protein, the fluorescence of FAM-Apt-A/Apt-B was quenched by GO through n-n stacking between GO and single-stranded DNA. However, when thrombin was introduced into the system, a target-induced G-quadruplex forms with two split aptamer fragments and thrombin. The fluorescence recovered due to weak interaction between G-quadruplex and GO. Compared to the strategy using intact aptamer, probe concentration was lowered, and an improved sensitivity was obtained. Moreover, heating process to avoid unfavorable secondary structure was avoided due to the use of shorter split aptamer fragments.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB933301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21305070, 21475064)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20130861)the Sci-tech Support Plan of Jiangsu Province (BE2014719)Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (213005, 214175).
文摘Hetero-assembling of spherical building blocks with well-defined spatial distribution holds great significance in developing chiral nanostructures. Herein, a strategy for hetero-assembling of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs) was demonstrated using rigid bifacial DNA origami as templates. By tuning the sizes and the fixed location of Au NPs on DNA origami, right-handed and left-handed Au NPs nanostructures were respectively constructed. Gel electrophoresis indicated the formation of the DNA origami-Au NPs complex and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) visually displayed the arrangement of Au NPs in these two chiral structures. The spatial configuration and 3D geometry of Au NPs were further illustrated by the stereographic TEM with tilting angles from ?30° to 30°. This strategy provides a universal approach to construct the asymmetrical 3D geometries, which may have potential applications in biomimicking and nanophotonics.
基金Starting Fund of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(No.214175).
文摘DNA nanostructures have found widespread applications in areas including nanoelectronics and biomedicine.However,traditional DNA origami needs a long single-stranded virus DNA and hundreds of short DNA strands,which make this method complicated and money-consuming.Here,we present a protocol for the assembly of DNA nanoribbons with only four oligonucleotides.DNA nanoribbons with different dimensions were successfully assembled with a 96-base scafford strand and three short staples.These biotinylated nanoribbons could also be decorated with streptavidins.This approach suggests that there exist great design spaces for the creation of simple nucleic acid nanostructures which could facilitate their application in plasmonic or drug delivery.
